NERACA MASSA

PROSES INDUSTRI KIMIA

INDUSTRI ISOPRENE

DISUSUN OLEH :

Amalia Rahmah 0615 4042 1594

Herlisya Diana 0615 4042 1602
Shinta Mardiana 0615 4042 1610
Trisna Dewi 0615 4042 1612

KELAS : 3 KIA

DOSEN PEMBIMBING : Ir. Erwana Dewi, M. Eng.

POLITEKNIK NEGERI SRIWIJAYA

TAHUN AKADEMIK 2016
Data Kuantitatif

Bahan Baku :
Propylene (C3H6) : 1,46 ton
Kuantitas minor dari katalis tripropyl alumunium dan hydrogen bromide
Kapasitas Pabrik : 30-60 ton/hari

 Kmole Bahan Baku :

C3H6 = 1,46 ton x 1000kg/1ton x 1kgmol/42kg = 34,7619 kgmol

Asumsi : Katalis (C3H7)3Al = 100 Kg

Katalis HBr = 100 Kg

1. DIMERISASI REAKTOR

Basis : 1,46 ton propylene

DIMERISASI C3H6 = … kg
CH4 = … kg
REAKTOR C2H2 = … kg
C6H12 = … kg
(C6H12)2 = … kg
C3H7)3Al = . . .kg
C3H6 = 1460 kg
(C3H7)3Al = 100 kg
Input
C3H6 = 1,46 ton x 1000kg/1ton x 1kgmol/42kg = 34,7619 kgmol
Jumlah katalis (C3H7)3Al yang dibutuhkan untuk reaksi diasumsi sebanyak 100 kg
Reaksi Utama
CH3
95 %
2 CH3CH = CH2 CH2 = C – CH2 – CH2– CH3
propylene (CH3H7)Al 2-metil-1-pentena

M 34,7619 - kgmol
R 33,023 16,5115 kgmol
S 1,7385 16,5115 kgmol
BM 42 84 kg/kgmol
Mass 73,017 1.386,966 kg

Reaksi Samping
CH3
55 %
4 CH3CH = CH2 2 CH2 = C – CH2 – CH2– CH3
M 1,7385 - kgmol
R 0,9561 0,9561 kgmol
S 0,7824 0,9561 kgmol
BM 42 84 kg/kgmol
Mass 32,8608 41,152 kg

40 %
CH3CH = CH2 CH4 + CH = CH
M 0,7824 - - kgmol
R 0,4303 0,4303 0,4303 kgmol
S 0,3521 0,4303 0,4303 kgmol
BM 42 16 26 kg/kgmol
Mass 14,7882 6,8848 11,1878 kg
 Neraca Massa pada Reaktor Dimerisasi
Senyawa Input ( kg ) Output ( kg )
C 3 H6 1460 14,7882
CH4 - 6,8848
C 2 H2 - 11,1878
C6H12 - 1.386,966
(C6H12)2 - 41,152
(C3H7)3Al 100 100
Total 1560 1560

DIMERISASI C3H6 = 14,7882 kg

CH4 = 6,8848 kg
REAKTOR C2H2 = 11,1878 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
(C3H7)3Al = 100 kg
Total = 1560 kg

C3H6 = 1460 kg
(C3H7)3Al = 100 kg

2. FLASH TOWER
Pada flash tower hanya terjadi pemisahan tripropyl aluminium catalyst dari
senyawa lain. Di asumsikan flash tower mengkonversikan 100 Kg tripropyl
aluminium catalyst untuk di recycle.

FROM DIMERIZATION REACTOR

C3H6 = 14,7882 kg
CH4 = 6,8848 kg
C2H2 = 11,1878 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
(C3H7)3Al = 100 kg FLASH
Total = 1560 kg
TOWER

C3H6 = 14,7882 kg
CH4 = 6,8848 kg
C2H2 = 11,1878 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2= 41,152 kg
Total = 1460 kg
RECYCLE TO FEED
(C3H7)3Al = 100 Kg
 Senyawa Input (Kg) Output (Kg)
Top Bottom
C3H6 14,7882 14,7882 -
CH4 6,8848 6,8848 -
C2H2 11,1878 11,1878 -
C6H12 1.386,966 1.386,966 -
(C6H12)2 41,152 41,152 -
(C3H7)3Al 100 - 100
Total 1560 1560

3. C1-C2 TOWER
CH4 = … % mol
C2H2 = … % mol
C1
C2

T
FROM FLASH TOWER O
C3H6 = 14,7882 kg W
CH4 = 6,8848 kg E
C2H2 = 11,1878 kg R
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
Total = 1460 kg C3H6 = … kg
C6H12 = … kg
(C6H12)2= … kg

Pada C1 – C2 tower, semua gas diasumsi terpisah dari liquid.

Top Produk
0,4303
CH4 = 6,8848 kg x 1/16 kgmol/kg = 0,4303 kgmol = 100%  50% mol
0,8606
0,4303
C2H2= 11,1878 kg x 1/26 kgmol/kg = 0,4303 kgmol = 100%  50% mol
0,8606
0,8606 kgmol 100%mol

Zat – zat yang tersisa adalah (Bottom Produk)

C3H6 = 14,7882 kg
CH4 = 6,8848 kg – 6,8848 kg = 0 kg
C2H2 = 11,1878 kg – 11,1878kg = 0 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
 Neraca Massa pada C1 – C2 Tower
Input Output (kg)
Senyawa
(kg) Top Bottom
C3H6 14,7882 - 14,7882
CH4 6,8848 6,8848 -
C2H2 11,1878 11,1878 -
C6H12 1.386,966 - 1.386,966
(C6H12)2 41,152 - 41,152
Total 1460 1460

CH4 = 6,8848 kg x1/16= 0,4303/0,8606= 50 %

C2H2 = 11,1878kg x 1/26= 0,4303/0,8606= 50 %
18,0726 kg 100 % mol
C1
C2

T
FROM FLASH TOWER O
C3H6 = 14,7882 kg W
CH4 = 6,8848 kg E
C2H2 = 11,1878 kg R
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
Total = 1460 kg
C3H6 = 14,7882 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
Total = 1.442,9062 kg

4. C3 TOWER
Recycle propylene (C3H6) kembali ke feed

C3H6 = 14,7882 kg

FROM C1 – C2 TOWER C3
C3H6 = 14,7882 kg
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg T
(C6H12)2 = 41,152kg O
Total = 1.442,9062 kg W
E
R

C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg
Total = 1.428,118 kg
 Neraca Massa pada C3 Tower
Input Output (kg)
Senyawa
(kg) Top Bottom
C3H6 14,7882 14,7882 -
C6H12 1.386,966 - 1.386,966
(C6H12)2 41,152 - 41,152
Total 1.442,9062 1.442,9062

5. DIMER TOWER

C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg

D
FROM C3 TOWER I
C6H12 = 1.386,966 kg M
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg E
Total = 1.428,118 kg R

T
O
W
E
R

HEAVY ENDS
(C6H12)2 = 41,152 kg

Di asumsikan (C6H12)2 100 % terkonversi dan terpisah pada bagian bawah

dimer Tower dari C6H12

Neraca Massa pada C3 Tower

Input Output (kg)
Senyawa
(kg) Top Bottom
C6H12 1.386,966 1.386,966 -
(C6H12)2 41,152 - 41,152
Total 1.428,118 1.428,118
6. REAKTOR

FROM DIMER TOWER

C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = 1.386,966 kg

ISOMERISASI

REAKTOR
C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = … kg
C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) = … kg

Reaksi
CH3 CH3
90 %
CH2 = C – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 CH3 – C = CH – CH2– CH3
2 metil-1-pentena 2 metil-2-pentena

M 16,5115 - kgmol
R 14,8604 14,8604 kgmol
S 1,6511 14,8604 kgmol
BM 84 84 kg/kgmol
Mass 138,6924 1.248,2736 kg

Neraca Massa pada Reaktor Isomerisasi

Senyawa Input ( kg ) Output ( kg )
C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) 1.386,966 138,6924
C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) - 1.248,2736
Total 1.386,966 1.386,966

FROM DIMER TOWER

C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = 1.386,966 kg

ISOMERISASI

REAKTOR

C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = 138,6924 kg

C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) =1.248,2736 kg
Total = 1.386,966 kg
7. STREAM SPLITTER

RECYCLE TO ISOMERIZATION REAKTOR

C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = 138,6924 kg
S
T
R
E
A
FROM ISOMERIZATION REACTOR
M
C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) = 138,6924 kg
S C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) = 1.248,2736 kg
P Total = 1.386,966 kg
I
L
T
T
E
R

C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) = 1.248,2736 kg

Neraca Massa pada Stream Splitter

Output (kg)
Senyawa Input (kg)
Top Bottom
C6H12 (2 metil-1-pentena) 138,6924 138,6924 -
C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) 1.248,2736 - 1.248,2736
Total 1.386,966 1.386,966

8. TUBULAR PYROLISIS FURNACE

TUBULAR FROM STREAM SPLITTER

C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) =1.248,2736kg
PYROLISIS
C5H8 = … kg FURNACE
CH4 = … kg HBr = 100 kg
(C5H8)2 = … kg
HBr = . . kg

Di asumsikan katalis HBr yang diperlukan untuk reaksi sebanyak 100 kg

 Reaksi Utama

CH3
99.8 %
CH3 – C = CH – CH2 – CH3 C5H8 + CH4
2 metil-2-pentena isoprene metana
M 14,8604 - - kgmol
R 14,6765 14,6765 14,6765 kgmol
S 0,1839 14,6765 14,6765 kgmol
BM 84 68 16 kg/kgmol
Mass 35,7840 998 234,824 kg

Reaksi Samping
CH3
100 %
2 CH3 – C = CH – CH2 – CH3 (C5H8)2 + 2 CH4
2 metil-2-pentena polyisoprene metana
M 0,1839 - - kgmol
R 0,1839 0,09195 0,1839 kgmol
S - 0,09195 0,1839 kgmol
BM 84 136 16 kg/kgmol
Mass - 12,5052 2,9424 kg

Neraca Massa pada Tubular Pyrolisis Furnace

Senyawa Input ( kg ) Output ( kg )
C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) 1.248,2736 -
C5H8 - 998
CH4 - 237,7664
(C5H8)2 - 12,5052
HBr 100 100
Total 1.348,2736 1.348,2736

FROM STREAM SPLITTER

TUBULAR
C6H12 (2 metil-2-pentena) =1.248,2736kg
PYROLISIS
HBr = 100 kg
FURNACE
C5H8 = 998 kg
CH4 = 237,7664 kg HBr = 100 kg
(C5H8)2 = 12,5052 kg
Total =1.348,2736kg
9. QUENCH TOWER

Didalam Quench Tower hanya terjadi pemisahan katalis HBr yang akan keluar
pada bagian bottom.

Q
U
E
C5H8 = 998 kg
N
CH4 = 237,7664 kg
C
(C5H8)2 = 12,5052 kg
H
HBr = 100 kg
TOWER
C5H8 = 998 kg Total = 1.348,2736 kg
CH4 = 237,7664 kg
(C5H8)2 = 12,5052 kg

Total = 1.248,2736kg

HBr = 100 Kg

Senyawa Input (Kg) Output (Kg)

Top Bottom
C5H8 998 998 -
(C5H8)2 12,5052 12,5052 -
CH4 237,7664 237,7664 -
HBr 100 - 100
Total 1.348,2736 1.348,2736

10 . C1 TOWER
Pemisahan CH4 ke flue gas.
Di asumsikan 100% CH4 terpisah pada bagian atas c1 tower
 CH4 = 237,7664 kg x 1/16kg/kgmol = 14,8604 kgmol

C1 FROM TUBULAR PYROLISIS

FURNACE
T C5H8 = 998 kg
O CH4 = 237,7664 kg
W (C5H8)2 = 12,5052 kg
E Total = 1.248,2736 kg
R

C5H8 = 998 kg
(C5H8)2 = 12,5052 kg
Total = 1.010,5052 kg

Neraca Massa pada C1 Tower

Input Output (kg)
Senyawa
(kg) Top Bottom
C5H8 998 - 998
CH4 237,7664 237,7664 -
(C5H8)2 12,5052 - 12,5052
Total 1.248,2736 1.248,2736

11. Purifying Column

Pemisahan produk isoprena dengan polimer.
Pada light ends yang merupakan fase ringan diasumsi bahwa semua C 5H8
(isoprena) terpisahkan dengan persen kemurnian 99,8% sedangkan yang
menjadi impurities adalah (C5H8)2 atau polimer sebesar 0,2%.

Dari data yang diasumsi didapatkan bahwa komposisi pada tiap bagian adalah:
Top Produk
C5H8 = 99,8% → 998 kg
0,2%
(C5H8)2 = 0,2% →  998 kg  2 kg
99,8%

Bottom Produk
(C5H8)2 sisa =(12,5052 - 2)kg
= 10,5052 kg
 C5H8 = 998 kg = 99,8 %
(C5H8)2= 2 kg = 0,2 %
Total = 1.000 kg = 100 %

P
U
R
I
F FROM C1 TOWER
Y C5H8 = 998kg
I
(C5H8)2 = 12,5052kg
N
G Total = 1.010,5052kg

C
O
L
U
M
N

Polymer (C5H8)2 = 10,5052kg

Neraca Massa pada Purifying Column

Input Output (kg)
Senyawa
(kg) Top Bottom
C5H8 998 998 -
(C5H8)2 12,5052 2 10,5052
Total 1.010,5052 1.010,5052