Acceptability

Standards Subject Index Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper,

paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T
NOTE: This list was updated May 12, 2015 400
Acetate
_____________A_____________ Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion
chromatography, T 699
Acetone
ABC test Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204
see Sulfide-free reducing compounds, Total Acid groups
reducing compounds Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282
Abrasion Acid insolubles
Loss of paper and paperboard, T 476 Ash in wood, pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 244
Abrasion resistance Wood and pulp, T 222
Paper and paperboard, T 476 Acid number
Absorbence/absorbency see Saponification number
see Absorptivity Acid solubles
Absorbent papers Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434
see also Absorptivity Acidity
Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432 see also Saponification number
Absorption Analysis of salt cake, T 619
Determination of effective residual ink Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602
concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Hot water extractable of paper, T 428
measurement, T 567 Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold
Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R∞; extraction method), T 509
TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot
k, T 1214 extraction method), T 435
Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2°, Active alkali
89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
Surface wettability of sheeted materials using an Active chlorine
automated contact angle tester, T 558 Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite
Absorptiveness bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611
see Absorptivity Added fluorescence
Absorptivity see Fluorescent dyes
Bibulous papers, to water, T 432 Additives
Blotting paper, to ink, T 431 see also Fillers, Pigments
Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 Adhesion
Corrugating medium (water drop absorption test), T Curl of flat gummed papers, T 520
835 Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T
Sized paper, paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard 516
to water (Cobb test), T 441 Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction
Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted tensile), T 541
materials using an automated contact angle tester, T Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective
558 separation, T 821
Water, corrugating medium, T 819, T 831, T 832 Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted
Accelerated aging materials using an automated contact angle tester,
see Aging T 558
Accelerated tests Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 832
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 separation, T 845
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Adhesives
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T see also Adhesion
572 Aging
Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board,
writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T T 453
573 Paper and board with moist heat, T 544
Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Aging tests
Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
T 453 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Alpha-cellulose
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T In paper, T 429
572 In pulp, T 203
Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Alumina
writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T see Aluminum oxide
573 Alumina hydrate
Air flow (through paper) see Aluminum hydroxide
see also Air permeability Aluminum
Roughness of paper and paperboard (Print-Surf Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
method), T 555 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Air permeability of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Paper, T 460 Aluminum oxide (alumina)
Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Analysis of limestone, T 618
method), T 547 Analysis of salt cake, T 619
Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Amides
Gurley method), T 536 Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Air permeance Amines
see also Air permeability Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 Ammonium hydroxide
Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Analysis of talc, T 665
Gurley method), T 536 Ammonium thiocyanate
Air pollution Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing 610
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Analysis
572 Determination of equilibrium moisture in pulp,
Air resistance paper, and paperboard for chemical analysis, T 550
see Air permeability Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative
Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 determination), T 504
Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Preparation of wood for chemical analysis, T 264
Gurley method), T 536 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257
Alcohol-benzene Anatase titanium dioxide
see Benzene see Pigments
Alexander's stain Angle of contact
see Fiber analysis, Staining see Contact angle
Alkali Angle of slide
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite see Slide angle
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Animal glue
Analysis of rosin size, T 628 see Glue
Alkali solubles/solubility Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative
see Caustic solubles determination), T 504
Alkaline papers Anomalies
Alkalinity of paper as calcium carbonate (alkaline Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations,
reserve of paper), T 553 T 1205
Alkaline pulp Apparent viscosity
see Pulp see Viscosity
Alkaline reserve Arabinan
see Alkalinity Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood
Alkalinity and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T
Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green 249
liquors, T 624 Area
Caustic soda, T 613 see Specific surface
Hot water extractable of paper, T 428 Arsenic
Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602
extraction method), T 509 Ash
Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot see Ash content
extraction method), T 435 Analysis of rosin, T 621
Paper as calcium carbonate (alkaline reserve), T Analysis of rosin size, T 628
553 Ash content
Sodium silicate, T 632 Acid-insoluble, in wood, pulp, paper and
 paperboard, T 244 (gravimetric method), T 545
Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of
combustion at 525°C, T 211 corrugated board, T 844
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Grammage of paper and paperboard (weight per
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 unit area), T 410
Wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, combustion at Fiber glass mats, T 1011
900oC, T 413 Machine direction grammage variation
Atmospheres measurement (gravimetric method), T 546
Paper, board, pulp handsheets, T 402 Bauer-McNett classifier
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T Fiber length of pulp by classification, T 233
1008 Baumé gravity
Atomic absorption spectroscopy see Density
Use of in determining sodium, calcium, copper, Beaten pulps
iron, and manganese in pulp and paper, T 266 see Pulp, Beaters
Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Beater method
Available chlorine see Beaters
see Active chlorine Beater tests
see Beaters
_____________B_____________ Beaters
Drainage time, T 221
Babcock method Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T
see Casein, analysis of 248
Bacteria Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method),
see Bacteriology T 200
Bacteriological examination Beating
see Bacteriology Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T
Bacteriology 248
Bacteriological examination of paper and Pulp quality analyzed by, T 200
paperboard, T 449 Specific external strength of pulp, T 226
Microbiological enumeration of process water and Beating degree
slush pulp, T 631 Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method),
Bag papers T 200
see Shipping sack papers Beating time
Bagasse Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method),
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T T 200
259 Bekk testers
Baled pulp Smoothness of paper, T 479
Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for Bend strength
moisture, T 210 Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T
Bamboo 543
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by
259 single-point bending methods, T 556
Barium Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 836
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820
Bark Score bend test, T 577
Analysis of rosin, T 621 Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI
Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance,
Barley straw stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Bending
259 Bending number of paperboard, T495
Barrier films Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type
see Vapor barriers tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration),
Barrier properties T 566
see Absorptivity, Permeability Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and
Basic density paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic
see Density configuration), T 489
Basis weight Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T
Cross-machine grammage profile measurement 836
 Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820 Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432
Puncture test of containerboard, T 803 Water absorptiveness of sized paper, paperboard,
Bending number and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), T 441
see Bending Board
Bending resistance see Corrugated board, Fiberboard, Containers,
see Bend strength Insulating board, Linerboard, Paperboard
Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T Boat method
543 see Corrugating medium
Benzene BOD
Use of in determining solubles in wood and pulp, T Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T
204 656
Use of in preparing wood for chemical analysis, T Bond strength
264 see also Adhesion
Beta-cellulose Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction
In pulp, T 203 tensile), T 541
Bibulous papers Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective
see Absorbent papers separation, T 821
Biochemical oxygen demand Bonding strength
see BOD Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type
Biological control method), T 476
Bacteriological examination of paper and Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
paperboard, T 449 Ply separation of solid and corrugated fiberboard
Microbiological enumeration of process water and (wet), T 812
slush pulp, T 631 Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective
Bisulfite cooking liquor separation, T 845
see Sulfur dioxide Bone glue
Black liquor see Glue
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Book bulk
Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion see Bulk number
chromatography, T 699 Book paper
Gross heating value, T 684 see Bulk number
Solids concentration of, T 650 Books
Blanks Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500
Box blank dimensioning, T 827 Boring method
Bleach see Baled pulp
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Boxboard
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 see Linerboard
Bleach liquor Boxes
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite see also Containers
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Box blank dimensioning, T 827
Bleach sludge Bursting strength of corrugated board, T 810
see Bleach, Sludge Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802
Bleached pulps Breaking length
see also Pulps see Tensile strength
Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203 Breaking strength
Carboxyl content of pulp, T 237 see Tensile strength
Copper number of pulp, T 430 Brightness
Bleaching agents see also Reflectance
see Bleach Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments
Bleaching powder (45/0), T 646
see Calcium hypochlorite Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0
Blister resistance diffuse), T 534
see Blistering CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard
Blistering (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562
Coated paper in heatset printing, T 526 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560
Blotting papers Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp
see also Absorptivity (d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579
Ink absorbency, T 431 Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp
 (d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Caliper
Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible see Thickness
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Calorimetry
analysis, T 563 Gross heating value of black liquor, T 684
Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp Canadian Standard Method
(Büchner funnel procedure), T 218 Freeness of pulp, T 227
Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp Capillarity
(sheet machine procedure), T 272 Viscosity of pulp (capillary viscometer method), T
Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and 230
luminous reflectance factor, T 1216 Capillary viscometer
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see Capillarity
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Carbohydrates
Pulp, paper, and paperboard (directional reflectance Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235
at 457 nm), T 452 Composition of extractive-free wood and wood pulp
Bromophenol blue by gas-liquid chromatography, T 249
see Indicators, preparation of Extraction of by hot alkali, T 212
Bulk Carbonates
Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500 Analysis of caustic soda, T 613
Bulk density Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion
Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T chromatography, T 699
258 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Bulk number of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Of paper, T 500 Carboxyl content
Burst factor see Carboxyl groups
see Burst strength Carboxyl groups
Burst index Caboxyl content of pulp, T 237
see Burst strength Carton adhesive
Burst ratio see Adhesion, Bond strength
see Burst strength Casein
Burst strength Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Corrugated and solid fiberboard, T 810 Castor oil
Linerboard, T 807 Penetration test for paper, T 462
Paper, T 403 Caustic soda
see Sodium hydroxide
Caustic solubles
Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235
_____________C_____________ One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood
and pulp, T 212
Cadmium Cellulose
Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235
Calcium Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Alpha-cellulose in paper, T 429
In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Carboxyl content, T 237
spectroscopy, T 266 Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp, T
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 254
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Indication of degradation during pulping and
Calcium carbonate bleaching processes, T 212
Alkalinity of paper as (alkaline reserve), T 553 Viscosity of pulp (capillary viscometer method), T
Calcium hypochlorite 230
Analysis of bleach liquor, T 611 Centrifugal pump
Calcium oxide see Sample preparation
Analysis of lime, T 617 Chemical analysis
Analysis of limestone, T 618 Determination of equilibrium moisture in pulp,
Analysis of talc, T 665 paper and paperboard analysis, T 550
Calibration Preparation of wood for, T 264
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
reference materials, T 1211 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Calibration of reflectance standards for Chemical properties
hemispherical geometry, T 1218 See also specific properties, e.g., pH
 Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp diffuse), T 534
and paper mills, 0402-37 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Magnesia-base pulping solutions, 0607-04 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) safe storage and handling, Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648
0606-30 CMT test
Sodium chlorate (NaCIO3) safe handling and see Corrugating medium
storage, 0606-31 Coarseness
Chemical pulps see Fineness
See also Pulp Coated board
Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Blister resistance in heat set printing, T 526
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Surface strength of paper (wax pick test), T 459
278 Coated paper
Chemical reactions Blister resistance of in heatset printing, T 526
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Chips Coating clay
see also Wood see Clay
Analysis of rosin, T 621 Coating clay slurry
Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T see Clay, Slurry
258 Coating color
Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Titanium dioxide content in, T 627
Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257 Coating fillers
Chlorides see Fillers
Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 Coating pigments
Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion see Pigments
chromatography, T 699 Coatings
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 see also Fillers, Pigments
Water-soluble chlorides in pulp and paper, T 256 Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type
Chlorine method), T 476
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard:
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 combustion at 900°C, T 413
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Chlorine sludge of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438
Chromaticity coordinates Cobb test
Color of paper and paperboard, T 527 Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper,
Chromatography paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test),
Suppressed ion analysis of pulping liquors, T 699 T 441
Chromium oxide COD
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281
Chromium trioxide Coefficient of friction
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 see Friction
C.I.V. test Coefficient of kinetic friction
see Viscosity see Friction
Clark classifier Coefficient of static friction
Fiber length of pulp, T 233 see Friction
Clark stiffness Cohesion
see Stiffness Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction
Classification tensile), T 541
Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Cohesiveness of fibers
Classifiers see Tensile strength
Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Cold extraction method
Clay see Extraction
Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Cold storage
slurries, T 697 Storage of paper samples for optical measurements
Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments and color matching, T 1219
(45/0), T 646 Cold water solubles
Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 see Water solubles
Color T 826
Analysis of rosin, T 621 Compression tests
CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers,
(45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562 T 804
CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0 Edge crush using neckdown, T 838
geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560 Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 method), T 825
Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible
Storage of paper samples for optical measurements beam method), T 824
and color matching, T 1219 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid
The determination of instrumental color differences, support method), T 843
T 1215 Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T
Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 818
Color grade Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T
see Color 822
Color matching Compression wood
Storage of paper samples for optical measurements Identification of in pulpwood, T 267
and color matching, T 1219 Compressive strength
Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 see Compression tests
Colorimetric determination Concentration (pulp)
see Color, Colorimetry Pulp suspensions, T 240
Colorimetry Conditioning
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products,
Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 T 402
Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Conifers
Combined board see Softwoods
see also Corrugated board Consistency
Thickness (caliper) of paper, paperboard, and see also Viscosity
combined board, T 411 Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281
Combustion Pulp suspensions, T 240
Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, T 211, T Constant rate of elongation
413 see Elongation
Gross heating value of black liquor, T 684 Construction
Combustion products Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of
Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, T 211 corrugated board, T 844
Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Contact angle
combustion at 900°C, T 413 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact
Composition method), T 458
see Fiber analysis Container boards
Compressibility see also Corrugated boards, Fiberboard
Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of
T 804 packaging and packaging materials (including
Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid
Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815
Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam Determination of paperboard roll hardness, T 834
method), T 808 Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800
Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T Ink rub, T 830
818 Puncture test of containerboard, T 803
Compression resistance Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper,
see Compressibility, Compression strength paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T
Compression strength 400
Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Score quality test, T 829
T 804 Short span compressive strength of containerboard,
Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated T 826
fiberboard (short column test), T 811 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809 paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related
Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam products, T402
method), T 808 Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted
Short span compressive strength of containerboard, materials using an automated tester, T 558
Container testing
see Containers, Container board
Containers
Box blank dimensioning, T 827
Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers,
T 804
Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800
Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up”
method, T 277
Contaminants
see Impurities
Contraries
Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437
Contrast ratio
Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2°,
89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425
Controlled atmospheres
Paper, board, pulp handsheets testing, T 402
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T
1008
Conversion
Bending number of paperboard, T495
Conversion factors
For units of measurement, T 1210
Cooking liquor
See also Liquors, Kraft liquor, Soda liquors, Sulfite
liquor, Bleach liquor, Green liquors, White liquors
Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604
Copper
In pulp and paper by atomic absorption
spectroscopy, T 266
Copper number
Pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 430
Cord weight
see Weight
Corrosion
Estimating the first melting temperature of fireside
deposits in recovery boilers, 0416-12
Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp
and paper mills, 0402-37
Guide to the use of stainless steel pipe
specifications, 0402-24
Guidelines for corrosion resistant weld metal
overlay of digester vessels in alkaline pulping service,
0402-03
Guidelines for detection, monitoring and prevention
of flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) in the pulp and
paper mill, 0402-36
Guidelines for inspecting batch digesters, 0402-22
Guidelines for inspection of continuous digesters
and impregnation vessels, 0402-27
Best practice for inspecting used fiber-reinforced
plastics (FRP) equipment, 0402-28
Guidelines for nondestructive examination of
suction roll shells, 0402-19
Nozzle maintenance and clogging, 0420-15
Post fabrication cleaning of stainless steel, 0402-35
Ultrasonic technician performance test for boiler
tube inspection, 0402-21
Ultrasonic testing (UT) for tube thickness in black
liquor recovery boilers: Part I - Guidelines for accurate
tube thickness testing; Part II - Default layouts for tube
thickness surveys in various boiler zones, 0402-18
Corn
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
259
Corrugated boards
see also Containers, Corrugating medium,
Fiberboard, Linerboard
Box blank dimensioning, T 827
Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support
method), T 825
Bursting strength, T 810
Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of
corrugated board, T 844
Edge crush using neckdown, T 838
Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated
fiberboard (short column test), T 811
Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated
fiberboard using the clamp method (short column
test), T 839
Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809
Flat crush test (flexible beam method), T 808
Flexural stiffness, T 820
Ink rub, T 830
Pin adhesion by selective separation, T 821
Puncture resistance of, T 803
Ply separation of, T 812
Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T
818
Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T
822
Score quality test, T 829
Stiffness, four point method, T 836
Thickness (caliper) of paper, paperboard, and
combined board, T 411
Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper,
paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test),
T 441
Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective
separation, T 845
Corrugated boxes
see also Boxes, Corrugated board, Containers
Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802
Score quality test, T 829
Short span compressive strength of containerboard,
T 826
Corrugated containers
see Containers
Corrugated fiberboard
see Fiberboard, Corrugated board
Corrugated fluted crush test
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible
beam method), T 824
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid
support method), T 843
Corrugating adhesives
see Adhesion
Corrugating medium Defect size
see also Corrugated boards, Fiberboard Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size,
Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of T 564
corrugated board, T 844 Defects
Flat crush (CMT-test), T 809 Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size,
beam method), T 824 T 564
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid Defibering
support method), T 843 Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device),
Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective T 278
separation, T 821 Defibrator
Water absorption, T 819, T 831, T 832, T 835 see Disintegrators
Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Degradation/Degraded cellulose
separation, T 845 see Cellulose
Cotton Degree of adhesion
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T see Adhesion
259 Degree of curl
Cracking see Curl
see Fracture Degree of defibering
Creasing see Disintegrators
see also Folding endurance Degree of delignification
Creasing of flexible packaging material paper see Delignification
specimens for testing, T 512 Degree of sizing
Static creasing of paper for water vapor see Sizing
transmission tests, T 465 Delamination
Critical wax strength number (CWSN) Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
see Wax pick tests Delignified pulps
Cross direction see Pulps
Grammage profile measurement, T 545 Densitometer
Cross direction tear Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460
Specimen preparation for cross directional internal Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure
tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related Gurley method), T 536
materials, T 496 Density
Crude tall oil Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460
see Tall oil Analysis of rosin size, T 628
Crush resistance Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
see Edge crush resistance, Ring crush tests, Flat Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602
crush tests Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T
Cuene 258
Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure
(falling ball method), T 254 Gurley method), T 536
Viscosity of pulp, T 230 Sodium silicate, T 632
Cupriethylene diamine Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268
see Cuene Diatomaceous earth
Curl see Silica
Gummed flat papers, T 520 Dichloromethane
Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 Solubles in wood and pulp, T 204
Diffuse blue reflectance
_____________D_____________ see Diffuse reflection
Diffuse brightness
Dairyman’s standard see Diffuse reflection
Bacteriological examination of paper and Diffuse ISO brightness
paperboard, T 449 see Diffuse reflection
Debris Diffuse luminous reflectance
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), see Diffuse reflection
T 278 Diffuse opacity
Defect area see Diffuse reflection
Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, Diffuse reflectance
T 564 Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp
 (d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Disperse viscosity
Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp see Viscosity
(d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579 Dispersions
Diffuse reflection Consistency (concentration) of pulp suspensions, T
Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 240
diffuse), T 534 Microbiological enumeration of process water and
Diffuse opacity of paper (d/0 paper backing), T 519 slush pulp, T 631
Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2°, Dissolved solids
89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T
Diffuse reflection factor 656
see Diffuse reflection Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281
Dimensional measurement Dominant wavelength
Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527
T 564 Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524
Dimensioning Drainage
see Boxes Of pulp, T 221
Directional brightness Drainage rate
Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Freeness of pulp, T 227
(directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 Drop test
Directional measurement see Impact tests
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Drum tests
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 see Impact tests
Directional reflectance Drums
see Reflectance Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281
Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Dry abrasion test
(directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 see Abrasion
Dirt Dry curl
see also Defects see Curl
Analysis of rosin, T 621 Dry heat
Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible see Heat
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Dry indicator method
analysis, T 563 see Water resistance
In paper and paperboard, T 437 Dry indicator tests
In pulp, T 213 Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span
Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 tensile), T 231
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper Dry size
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 see Rosin size
Dirt count Dryness
see also Dirt see Moisture content
Dirt count in paper and paperboard (optical Dupont stain
character recognition – OCR), T 537 see Fiber analysis, Staining
Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 Durability
Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible see also Permanence
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
analysis, T 563 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 572
Dirt index Accelerated temperature aging of printing and
see Dirt writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T
Discoloration 573
Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T
516
Disintegration
Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 _____________E_____________
Disintegrators
Use of in determining drainage time of pulp, T 221 ERIC (Effective residual ink concentration)
Use of in forming handsheets for reflectance tests of see Ink
pulp, T 218
Edge crush resistance Ethanol
see also Edge crush tests Use of in determining solubles in wood and pulp, T
Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 204
Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Use of in preparing wood for chemical analysis, T
fiberboard using the clamp method (short column 264
test), T 839 Excitation purity
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible see Dominant wavelength
beam method), T 824 External compressive forces
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid see Compression tests
support method), T 843 External surface
Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T see Specific surface
818 Extractable material
Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207
822 Extractable resin
Edge crush tests see Rosin
see also Edge crush resistance Extraction
Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts
fiberboard (short column test), T 811 (cold extraction method), T 509
Edgewise compression strength Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts
see Edge crush resistance (hot extraction method), T 435
Education Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204
Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 Extraction apparatus
Ehrlich’s reagent see Rosin
Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Extractive-free wood
determination), T 504 see Wood
Electrical conductivity Extractives
see Conductivity Hot water extractable acidity or alkalinity of paper,
pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts T 428
of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold
Elemental sulfur extraction method), T 509
see Sulfur Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204
Elmendorf-type tests Extracts
see Tear strength see Extractives
Elongation Extrusion coating
Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Rheological measurements for characterization of
glass mats, T 1009 polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for
Energy absorption extrusion coating, T 702
see Tensile energy absorption
Envelopes
Seal, seam, and window patch testing, T 516 _____________F_____________
Enzymatic/colorimetric method
see Starch Facial tissues
Enzymatic/gravimetric method Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and
see Starch facial products, T 580
Equilibrium moisture Falling ball method
Determination of in pulp, paper and paperboard for see Viscosity
chemical analysis, T 550 Fats
Equilibrium relative humidity Determination of in wood and pulp, T 204
see Humidity Feathering
Equivalent black area (EBA) Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact
Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible method), T 458
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Felt side
analysis, T 563 Identification of wire side in paper, T 455
Dirt in pulp, T 213 Ferric iron
Errors see Iron
Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations, Ferroin
T 1205 see Indicators, preparation of
Esparto
Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401
Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fiberboard containers
Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T see Containers, Fiberboard
610 Fiberboard shipping containers
Ferrous iron see Containers, Fiber boards
see Iron Fiberboards
Fiber see also Corrugated boards
Analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Box blank dimensioning, T 827
Coarseness of pulp fibers, T 234 Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers,
Consistency (concentration) of pulp suspensions, T T 804
240 Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802
Identification of from conifers, T 263 Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Edge crush using neckdown, T 838
259 Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820
Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span Ink rub, T 830
tensile), T 231 Ply separation of solid and corrugated fiberboard
Fiber analysis (wet), T 812
Of paper and paperboard, T 401 Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T
Fiber bonding 818
Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T
tensile), T 541 822
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Sampling and accepting a single lot of, T 400
Fiber clarifier Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
see Fiber classification paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products,
Fiber classification T 402
Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Stiffness, four point method, T 836
Fiber debris Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper,
Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test),
275 T 441
Fiber diameter Filled papers
Average fiber diameter of fiber glass mats, T 1016 Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438
Fiber glass mats Fillers
Average fiber diameter, T 1016 see also Pigments
Basis weight, T 1011 Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard:
Loss on ignition, T 1013 combustion at 900°C, T 413
Moisture content, T 1012 Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627
Moisture sensitivity, T 1014 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Fiber identification Sampling, T 657
see Identification Films
Fiber length Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T
By classification, T 233 516
Of pulp and paper by automated optical analyzer, T Fineness
271 Coarseness of pulp fibers, T 234
Of pulp by projection, T 232 Specific external surface of pulp, T 226
Fiber length distribution Fire resistance
Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated see Flameproof papers
analyzer, T 271 Fireproof papers
Fiber mats see Flameproof papers
Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007 Fixed suspended solids
Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber see Suspended solids
glass mats, T 1009 Flakes
Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T
procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, 278
stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Flame resistance
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T see Flameproof papers
1008 Flameproof papers
Fiber suspensions Treated paper and paperboard, T 461
see Dispersions Flat crush tests
Corrugated board, T 808
 Corrugating medium, T 809 Folding number
Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester),
method), T 825 T 423
Flax Folding resistance
Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 see Folding endurance
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Food boards
259 Odor of packaging materials, T 483
Flexible packaging Food packaging
see also Packaging materials see Food boards, Food wrap papers
Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Food wrap papers
507 Odor of packaging materials, T 483
Flexural properties Foreign particles
see Bend strength see Impurities
Flexural resistance/stiffness Formaldehyde
see Stiffness Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and
Float curl method of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600
Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 832 Formate
Flow measurement Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion
Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T chromatography, T 699
656 Formation
Fluorescence Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015
Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp, T 272
(directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 Four point method
Fluorescent dyes see Stiffness
Light sources for evaluating papers including those Free fall drops
containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 see Impact test
Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Free mineral acids
Fluorescent whitening agents see Inorganic acids
see Fluorescent dyes Free moisture
Fluorine compounds see Moisture content
Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Freeness
Fluoropolymers see also Drainage
Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp Drainage time of pulp, T 221
and paper mills, 0402-37 Pulp, T 227
Flute rigidity Friction
see Flutes, Compressibility Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of
Flute-tip adhesion packaging and packaging materials (including
see Pin adhesion tests shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid
Fluted edge crush fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815
see Edge crush resistance Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
Flutes uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam horizontal plane method, T 549
method), T 808 Friction factor
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible see also Friction
beam method), T 824 Coefficients of static and kinectic friction of
Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
support method), T 843 horizontal plane method, T 549
Fold Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of
Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), packaging and packaging materials (including
T 423 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid
Folding fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815
Bending number of paperboard, T495 Fungi
Folding endurance Microbiological enumeration of process water and
see also Bending, Stiffness slush pulp, T 631
Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), Fungus resistance
T 423 see Fungi
Paper, T 511 Furnish
Drainage time of pulp, T 221
_____________G_____________ paperboard at 23°C and 50% RH, T 448
Water vapor transmission rate of paper and
Galactan paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T464
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438
and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T Grease resistance
249 Flexible packaging materials, T 507
Gamma cellulose Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559
In pulp, T 203 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
Gas chromatography papers, T 454
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Greaseproof papers
and wood pulp, T 249 Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T
Gas-liquid chromatography 507
see Gas chromatography Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
Gelatin papers, T 454
Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Green density
determination) T 504 see Density
Geometry Green liquor
Calibration of reflectance standards for Analysis of by suppressed ion chromatography, T
hemispherical geometry, T 1218 699
Glass fibers Suspended solids in, T 692
see also Fiber glass mats Green volume
Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007 see Volume
Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Green weight
glass mats, T 1009 see Weight
Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Green-Yorston stain
procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, see Fiber analysis, Staining
stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Gross heating value
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T see Heating value
1008 Gross sample
Glassine papers see Sample
Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Groundwood
507 Drainage time, T 221
Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Specific external surface of pulp, T 226
papers, T 454 Gum rosin
Gloss see Rosin
Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 20 Gummed papers
degrees, T 653 Curl of, T 520
Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 75o, T Gums
480 Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207
Glucan Gurley testers
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T
and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T 543
249
Glue _____________H_____________
see also Adhesion
In paper (qualitative and quantitative Halphin-Hicks test
determination), T 504 see Rosin
Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Hammers
Glued lap joints Determination of paperboard roll hardness, T 834
see Joints Handling stiffness
Graff C stain see Stiffness
see Fiber analysis, Staining Handsheet formers
Grammage Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp
see Basis weight (sheet machine procedure), T 272
Grasses Handsheets
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Determination of effective residual ink
259 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance
Gravimetry measurement, T 567
Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp
 (d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Horizontal plane method
Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
(d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579 uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
Formation for reflectance testing of pulp, T 272 horizontal plane method, T 549
Forming for reflectance tests of pulp, T 218 Horizontal planes
Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
205 uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220 horizontal plane method, T 549
Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for, Hot extraction
T 402 see Extractives
Hardness (of pulp) Hot water extractable alkalinity
see Cooking degree see Extractives
Hardness (of rolls) Hot water extracts
Paperboard roll hardness, T 834 See also Extractives
Hardwoods pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts
Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252
Heat Hot water solubles
Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 see Water solubles
Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Humidity
T 453 Envelope, seal, seam, and window patch testing, T
Heat conductivity 516
see Thermal conductivity Equilibrium relative humidity of paper and
Heat set ink paperboard, T 502
Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Humidity control
T 526 Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T
Heat setting 1008
Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Humidity rooms
T 526 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
Heat treatment paper, board and pulp handsheets, T 402
Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Hydrocarbons
Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Determination of non-volatile hydrocarbons in
T 453 wood and pulp, T 204
Heating value Hydrochloric acid
Black liquor, T 684 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Hemicelluloses 610
Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235 Hydrogen ion concentration
Determination of gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203 see pH
Extraction of by hot alkali, T 212 Hydrolysis
Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282
Hemp Hydroxyproline
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative
259 determination), T 504
Hexeneuronic acid
Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282
Hercules test _____________I_____________
see Sized papers
Herzberg stain Identification
see Fiber analysis, Staining Compression wood, T 267
Hide glue Nonwood plant fibers, T 259
Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Wire side of paper, T 455
determination), T 504 Wood and fibers from conifers, T 263
High heating value Illumination
see Gloss Light sources for evaluating papers including those
High-molecular-weight cellulose containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212
see Cellulose Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515
High temperature Image analysis
Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible
paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T 464 dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image
analysis, T 563
 Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Interlaboratory evaluation
method, T 277 Test methods used with paper and paper products, T
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper 1200
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Internal bond
Immersion see also Bond strength
see Submersion Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
Impact Internal fiber bond strength
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 see Bond strength
Impact tests Internal tear
Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802 see Tear strength
Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 Iodine
Impurities Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Acid-insoluble ash in wood, pulp, paper, and 610
paperboard, T 244 Ion chromatography
Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion
instrument), T 274 chromatography, T 699
Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Ion exchange
method, T 277 Carboxyl content of pulp, T 237
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Iron
278 Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434
Silicates and silica in pulp (wet ash method), T 245 Analysis of caustic soda, T 613
Inclined planes Analysis of limestone, T 618
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Analysis of salt cake, T 619
packaging and packaging materials (including Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602
fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 In pulp and paper by atomic absorption
Indicators spectroscopy, T 266
Preparation of, T 610 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Industrial process water of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
see Process water Iron oxide
Ink Analysis of limestone, T 618
Blotting paper absorption of, T 431 ISO
Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 see Units of measurement
Determination of effective residual ink ISO brightness
concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance see Diffuse reflection
measurement, T 567
Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type
method), T 530 _____________J_____________
Titanium dioxide content in, T 627
Ink absorption No listings
Ink absorbency of blotting paper, T 431
Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type _____________K_____________
method), T 530
Ink absorptivity Kantrowitz-Simmons stain
see Absorptivity see Fiber analysis, Staining
Ink resistance Kaolin
see Printability Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay
Ink rub resistance slurries, T 697
Containerboard, T 830 Kaolin clay dispersion
Inorganic color pigments see Clay
see Pigments Kappa number
Insoluble matter Kappa number of pulp, T 236
see Solubility Kenaf
Instrument characteristics Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing 259
reference materials, T 1211 Kinetic friction
Interfiber bonding Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
see Fiber bonding uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
horizontal plane method, T 549
Kjeldahl procedure Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437
see Nitrogen Light sources
Klemm method Light sources for evaluating papers including those
see Blotting papers containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212
Kraft liquor Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515
Suspended solids in, T 692 Light-scattering coefficient
Kraft pulping see Optical scattering
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Lignin
Kraft pulps In wood and pulp, T 222
see Pulps Kappa number of pulp, T 236
Kubelka-Munk equation Lime
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Analysis of, T 617
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Analysis of salt cake, T 619
Determination of effective residual ink Limestone
concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Analysis of, T 618
measurement, T 567 Linearity
Photometric linearity of optical properties
_____________L_____________ instruments, T 1217
Liner separation
L, a, b color values see Separation
see Color Linerboards
Laboratories Bursting strength, T 807
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of
reference materials, T 1211 corrugated board, T 844
Laboratory beating Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method
Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T (Emveco-type), T 575
248 Liquors
Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion
T 200 chromatography, T 699
Laboratory pulp processing Lofton-Merritt stain
see Laboratory beating see Fiber analysis, Staining
Laboratory refining Logs
Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T see also Wood
248 Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T
Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), 258
T 200 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257
Lactates Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268
Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Lorentzen & Wettre-type tester
chromatography, T 699 see Stiffness
Lap joints Loss on heating
see also Joints see Weight
Latency Loss on ignition
Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 Analysis of talc, T 665
Length Fiber glass mats, T 1013
Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Limestone, T 618
Liebermann-Storch test Lot acceptance
see Rosin see Acceptability
Life tests Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Rheological measurements for characterization of
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for
572 extrusion coating, T 702
Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Luminosity
writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524
573 Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527
Lift strength Luminous factor
see Surface strength see Reflectance
Light Luminous reflectance
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 luminous reflectance factor, T 1216
_____________M_____________ Metals
see specific metal, e.g., Iron, etc.
Machine direction Methyl orange
Grammage variation measurement (gravimetric see Indicators, preparation of
method), T 546 Methyl red
Of paper and paperboard, T 409 see Indicators, preparation of
Machine operation Metric system
Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Units of measurement
Machine tenders Microbiological examination
Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Microbiology
Magnesia Microbiology
see Magnesium oxide Bacteriological examination of paper and
Magnesium paperboard, T 449
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Microbiological enumeration of process water and
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis slush pulp, T 631
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Micrometer
Magnesium oxide (magnesia) Thickness of paper and paperboard, T 411
Analysis of limestone, T 618 Microorganism control
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Bacteriological examination of paper and
Analysis of talc, T 665 paperboard, T 449
Magnesium silicate Microbiological enumeration of process water and
Analysis of talc, T 665 slush pulp, T 631
Manganese Microscopy
In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401
spectroscopy, T 266 Identification of wood and fibers from conifers, T
Manila hemp 263
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
259 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Mannan Mineral acids
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood see Inorganic acids
and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T Mineral coating
249 see Coatings
Mass per unit area Mineral components
see Grammage see Minerals
Mass transfer Mineral constituents
Static creasing of paper for water vapor see Ash content
transmission tests, T 465 Mineral fillers
Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at see Fillers
standard temperature and humidity, T 448 Mineral oil
Mats see Oil absorbency
see Fiber glass mats Mineral pigments
Measurement see Pigments
Units of, T 1210 Mineral salts
Measuring instruments see Ash content
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Minerals
reference materials, T 1211 Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments
Mechanical properties (45/0), T 646
see specific property, e.g., Burst strength Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0
Mechanical pulps diffuse), T 534
Preparation of for testing, T 262 Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
278 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T Mixed waste papers
275 Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up”
Melamine-formaldehyde resins method, T 277
see Polymelamines MIT folding testers
Melamine resins Folding endurance of paper (MIT tester), T 511
see Polymelamines
Modulus of elasticity Nitrogen
see Elastic strength Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Modulus of rupture Nitrogen compounds
see Rupture modulus Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Moist heat Nitrogen oxides
see Heat Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing
Moisture paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T
see also Moisture content 572
Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for Nomenclature
moisture, T 210 Optical measurement terminology (related to
Moisture content appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500
Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Nonbibulous paperboard
Equilibrium moisture in pulp, paper and paper see Sized papers
board for chemical analysis, T 550 Nonbibulous papers
Fiber glass mats, T 1012 see Sized paper/paperboard
Moisture in pulp, paper and paperboard, T 412 Nonvolatile matter
Preparation of wood for chemical analysis, T 264 see Volatility
Pulpwood, T 258 Nonwood fibers
Salt cake, T 619 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for 259
moisture, T 210 Nonwood plants
Moisture sensitivity Species identification of, T 259
Fiber glass mats, T 1014 Nonwovens
Monosaccharides see also Insulating boards
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Specimen preparation for cross directional internal
and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related
249 materials, T 496
Morphological characteristics
see Fiber analysis
Morris method _____________O_____________
see Edge crush resistance
Mullen Oat straw
see Burst strength Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
Multi-ply boards 259
see Corrugated boards OCR
Multiwall bags Dirt count in paper and paperboard (optical
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of character recognition - OCR), T 537
packaging and packaging materials (including Odors
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Packaging materials, T 483
fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Oil
Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559
Oil absorption
_____________N_____________ Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462
Oil penetration tests
NIR (Near infrared reflectance) Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462
see Reflectance Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
Nail resistance papers, T 454
see Edge nail strength Oil resistance/repellance
Napkin papers see Grease resistance
Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and Okra
facial products, T 580 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
Natural dirt 259
Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Opacity
NCR stain Determination of effective residual ink
see Fiber analysis, Staining concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance
Neckdown measurement, T 567
see Edge crush resistance Diffuse opacity of paper, T 519
Neutral sulfite pulps
see Pulps
 Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R∞; fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815
TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Creasing of flexible packaging material paper
k, T 1214 specimens for testing, T 512
Measurement of paper, T 425 Paper
Opaque pigments see also specific properties, e.g., Grammage,
see Pigments Thickness, etc.
Optical character recognition Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
see OCR paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
Optical instruments Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing
Photometric linearity of optical properties paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T
instruments, T 1217 572
The determination of instrumental color differences, Accelerated temperature aging of printing and
T 1215 writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T
Optical measurement 573
Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated optical Acceptance sampling, T 400
analyzer, T 271 Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434
Optical measurement terminology (related to Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544
appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500 Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
Storage of paper samples for optical measurements method), T 547
and color matching, T 1219 Alkalinity as calcium carbonate (alkaline reserve), T
The determination of instrumental color differences, 553
T 1215 Alpha-cellulose content, T 429
Optical microscopy Ash content, acid-insoluble, T 244
see Microscopy Ash content, combustion at 525oC, T 211
Optical properties Ash content, combustion at 900oC, T 413
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Bacteria count, T 449
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T
Photometric linearity of optical properties 543
instruments, T 1217 Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing single-point bending methods, T 556
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and
572 paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic
Organic matter configuration), T 489
Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type
Oven-dry density tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration),
see Density T 566
Oven-dry volume Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing,
see Volume T 526
Oven-dry weight Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579
see Weight Bulking number, T 500
Oxalate Bursting strength, T 403
Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
horizontal plane method, T 549
_____________P_____________ Color, T 527
Color matching, T 515
Packaging materials Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Colorimetry, T 515
packaging and packaging materials (including Copper number, T 430
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Creasing of flexible packaging material paper
fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 specimens for testing, T 512
Creasing of flexible packaging material paper Curl, T 520
specimens for testing, T 512 Determination of effective residual ink
Grease resistance of, T 507 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance
Odor of, T 483 measurement, T 567
Packaging paper Diffuse opacity, T 519
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Dirt content, T 437
packaging and packaging materials (including Dirt count, T 537
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Dry heat aging affects, T 453
 Element analysis by atomic absorption, T 266
Equilibrium moisture content, T 550
Equilibrium relative humidity, T 502
Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image
analysis, T 563
Fiber analysis, T 401
Fiber length, T 271
Flame resistance, T 461
Folding endurance, T 511
Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester),
T 423
Glue content, T 504
Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559
Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T
507
Hot water extractable acidity or alkalinity, T 428
Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold
extraction method), T 509
Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot
extraction method), T 435
Identification and determination of melamine resin
in paper, T 493
Ink absorbency, T 431
Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type
method), T 414
Light sources for evaluating papers including those
containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212
Liquid penetration resistance, T 530
Machine direction determination, T 409
Moisture content, T 412, T 550
Nitrogen content, T 418
Oil penetration, T 462
Opacity, T 425
pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts
of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252
Pick resistance, T 459
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406
Rosin content, T 408
Roughness, T 555
Roughness, stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575
Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444
Smoothness (Bekk method), T 479
Specimen preparation for cross directional internal
tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related
materials, T 496
Specular gloss, T 480
Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 20
degrees, T 653
Standard conditioning/testing atmospheres for, T
402
Starch in paper, T 419
Static creasing of paper for water vapor
transmission tests, T 465
Surface pH, T 529
Surface strength, T 459
Surface wettability, T 458, T 558
Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
Thickness, T 411, T 551
Titanium dioxide, T 627
Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
papers, T 454
Visual grading, T 515
Water absorbency, T 432
Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper,
paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test),
T 441
Water resistance, T 433
Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at
standard temperature and humidity, T 448
Water-soluble chlorides in, T 256
Water-soluble sulfates in, T 255
Wettability, T 458
Wire side, identification of, T 455
Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span
tensile), T 231
Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438
Paper coating clays
see Clay
Paper properties
Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544
Effect of dry heat on, T 453
Paper machines
Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501
Paper mills
Design engineer decisions tree: paper mill boiler
feedwater, 0416-04
Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp
and paper mills, 0402-37
Paper sheets
Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at
standard temperature and humidity, T 448
Paper shipping sacks
see Shipping sack papers
Paperboard
see also Corrugated board, Fiberboard; see also
specific properties, e.g., Abrasion resistance,
Brightness, etc.
Acid-insoluble ash in, T 244
Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434
Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544
Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
method), T 547
Ash content, T 211, T 413
Bacteria content, T 449
Bending number of paperboard, T495
Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and
paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic
configuration), T 489
Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T
543
Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper,
single-point bending methods T 556 paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test),
Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, T 441
T 526 Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491
Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579 Water vapor transmission rate of paper and
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of paperboard at 23°C and 50% RH, T 448
packaging and packaging materials (including Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid tensile), T 231
fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Papermaking fibers
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 see Fibers
Colorimetry, T 527 Papers, impregnated
Copper number, T 430 see Impregnated papers
Dirt, T 437, T 537 Parchment papers
Dry heat, effect of, T 453 Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T
Equilibrium moisture in pulp, paper and paperboard 507
for chemical analysis, T 550 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
Equilibrium relative humidity, T 502 papers, T 454
Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible Paste size
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image see Rosin size
analysis, T 563 Pastes
Fiber analysis of, T 401 see Pigments
Flame resistance, T 461 Penetration
Gloss, T 653 Castor-oil test for paper, T 462
Grease resistance test for paper and paperboard, T Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type
559 method), T 530
Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Pentosans
tensile), T 541 Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223
Machine direction, T 409 Permeability
Moisture content, T 412 see also Air permeability
Organic nitrogen, T 418 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at
pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts normal temperature, T 448
of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Permeance
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see Permeability
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Permanence
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing
Ring crush, T 818, T 822 paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T
Rosin, T 408 572
Roughness, T 555 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and
Roughness, stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575 writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T
Sampling and accepting a single lot of, T 400 573
Score bend test, T 577 Personnel
Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444 Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501
Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type Petroleum wax
method), T 530 see Paraffin wax
Specimen preparation for cross directional internal PFI mills
tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T
materials, T 496 248
Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 75°, T pH
480 Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts
Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for, (cold extraction method), T 509
T 402 Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts
Stiffness, T 836 (hot extraction method), T 435
Surface strength of paper (wax pick test), T 459 pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts
Surface wettability, T 458, T 558 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252
Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Surface pH measurement of paper, T 529
and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 Phenol red
Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using see Indicators, preparation of
constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Phenolphthalein
Thickness, T 411, T 551 see Indicators, preparation of
Photochemistry Polychromatic illumination
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing see Spectral reflectance
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Polyethylene adhesion
Photometers see Adhesion, Polyethylene
Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Polymelamines
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Identification and determination of melamine resin
Photometry in paper, T 493
Photometric linearity of optical properties Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
instruments, T 1217 Polyolefin film
Physical properties see Films
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Polysulfides
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green
572 liquors, T 624
Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406
writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Polythionates
573 Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406
Physical tests Polyureas
Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220 Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and
Phytosterols of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600
Determination of in wood and pulp, T 204 Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418
Pick resistance Porosity
Surface strength of paper, T 459 Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
Picking method), T 547
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460
Pigments Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462
see also Fillers Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure
Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Gurley method), T 536
combustion at 900°C, T 413 Porous substrates
Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments see Substrates
(45/0), T 646 Potassium dichromate
Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
diffuse), T 534 610
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Potassium hydroxide
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Sampling, T 657 610
Titanium dioxide in, T 627 Potassium permanganate
Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Pin adhesion tests 610
Corrugated board by selective separation, T 821 Potassium thiocyanate
Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
separation, T 845 610
Pitch Potassium titanate
Wood pulp, T 204 see Pigments
Plant fibers Precision
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to
259 determine, T 1200
Plastics Preconditioning
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T see Conditioning
278 Preparation
Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T see Sample preparation
275 Preparation of solutions
Ply separation see Standard solutions
Solid and corrugated fiberboard, T 812 Preservation of paper
Polarography see Permanence
Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Print quality
Polarized light see Printability
Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated optical Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
analyzer using polarized light, T 271 method), T 538
Printability Element analysis by atomic absorption, T 266
Roughness of paper and paperboard (Print-Surf Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible
method), T 555 dirt in pulp, T 213
Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method Fiber coarseness, T 234
(Emveco-type), T 575 Fiber length (automated optical analyzer), T 271
Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Fiber length (classification), T 233
method), T 458 Fiber length (projection), T 232
Printing Freeness, T 227
Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Kappa number of pulp, T 236
T 526 Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T
Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted 248
materials using an automated contact angle tester, Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method),
T 558 T 200
Printing ink Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type
see Ink instrument), T 274
Printing opacity Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up”
see Opacity method, T 277
Printing paper Microbiological enumeration, T 631
see also Paper Moisture content, T 210, T 412, T 550
Blister resistance of coated, T 526 Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223
Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts
uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252
horizontal plane method, T 549 Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper
Print-Surf method and paperboard by image analysis, T 568
see Smoothness Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220
Probability sampling plan Physical tests, T 262
see Sampling Reflectance, T 218, T 272
Process water Silicate/silica content, T 245
Microbiological enumeration of, T 631 Sodium hydroxide (1%) solubility, T 212
Processing of pulp Solvent extractives determination, T 204
see Laboratory beating Specific external surface, T 226
Profile Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604
Cross-machine grammage profile measurement Viscosity, T 230, T 254
(gravimetric method), T 545 Water solubility, T 207
Machine direction grammage variation Water soluble chlorides in, T 256
measurement (gravimetric method), T 546 Water soluble sulfates in, T 255
Projection Zero-span breaking strength, T 231
Fiber length of pulp, T 232 Pulp bales
Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact see Baled pulp
method), T 458 Pulp dispersion apparatus
Propionate see Pulp
Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Pulp fibers
chromatography, T 699 see Fibers
Pulp Pulp handsheets
Acid-insoluble ash content, T 244 see Handsheets
Acid-insoluble lignin content, T 222 Pulp properties
Alkali solubility at 25°C, T 235 Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T
Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose fraction 205
determination, T 203 Pulp mills
Ash content, T 211, T 413 Energy checklist, 0422-01
Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579 Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp
Carbohydrate composition, T 249 and paper mills, 0402-37
Carboxyl group content, T 237 Pulp quality
Consistency concentration, T 240 see Pulp
Copper number, T 430 Pulp slush stock
Dirt in pulp, T 213 see Slush pulps
Dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Pulp suspensions
analysis, T 563 see Pulp
Drainage time, T 221
Pulp tests Reclaimed fibers
Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up”
205 method, T 277
Pulp yields Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T
Compression wood identification in pulpwood, T 275
267 Recycling
Pulping Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T 278
278 Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T
Pulping liquors 275
see Liquors, or see specific liquor, e.g., White Reducible sulfur
liquor, Black liquor, etc. Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406
Pulpwood Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444
see also Wood Reeds
Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
Pulpwood chips 259
see Chips Refining
Pulpwood fibers see Laboratory beating
see Fibers Reflectance
Puncture resistance see also Brightness
Container board, T 803 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
Puncture tests paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
Puncture test of containerboard, T 803 Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments
Purified calfskin gelatin (45/0), T 646
Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard
determination), T 504 (directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452
Calibration of reflectance standards for
hemispherical geometry, T 1218
_____________Q_____________ Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524
Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527
Qualitative analysis Determination of effective residual ink
Starch in paper, T 419 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance
Quality control measurement, T 567
Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper, Diffuse opacity of paper (d/0 paper backing), T 519
paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437
400 Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp,
Quantitative analysis T 218
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and
Starch in paper, T 419 luminous reflectance factor, T 1216
Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R∞;
TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption,
_____________R_____________ k, T 1214
Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2°,
Radiation effects 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 method), T 530
Ramie Testing of pulp handsheets for, T 272
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Reflectance factor
259 see Reflectance
Raspail test Reflectometry
see Rosin see Reflectance
Rate of elongation Reflectivity
see Tensile strength Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R∞;
Reagents TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption,
Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T k, T 1214
610 Relative humidity
Ream weight see Humidity
see Basis weight Remoistening adhesives
Curl of flat gummed papers, T 520
Repeatability Rotating spindle viscometer
Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to see Viscosity
determine, T 1200 Roughness
Repellance see also Smoothness
Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
Reproducibility method), T 538
Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to Stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575
determine, T 1200 Ruling quality
Repulping see Printability
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Rupture work
278 Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
Resin constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
see also Wood resin, Rosin Rutile titanium dioxide
Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and see Pigments
of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600 Rye straw
Identification and determination of melamine resin Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
in paper, T 493 259
Resistance
Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type
tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration), _____________S_____________
T 566
Resistance to bending Salt cake
Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and Analysis of, T 619
paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Sample preparation
configuration), T 489 Creasing of flexible packaging material paper
Resistivity specimens for testing, T 512
see Conductivity Specimen preparation for cross directional internal
Resonance length method tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related
see Stiffness materials, T 496
Revolutions Wood for analysis, T 257
Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T Wood for chemical analysis, T 264
248 Samples
Revolving hexagonal drum Storage of paper samples for optical measurements
see Impact tests and color matching, T 1219
Rheology Sampling
Rheological measurements for characterization of Fillers and pigments, T 657
polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for Pulp for moisture, T 210
extrusion coating, T 702 Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007
Rice straw Single lot of paper and paperboard, T 400
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI
259 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance,
Rigid support method stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006
see Flat crush resistance Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268
Rigidity White waters, T 656
see Stiffness Wood for analysis, T 257
Ring crush tests Sand
Paperboard (flexible beam method), T 818 Analysis of rosin, T 621
Paperboard (rigid support method), T 822 Sanitary tissues
Roese-Gottlieb method see Tissue papers
see Casein, analysis of Saponification number
Rolls (paperboard) Analysis of rosin, T 621
see Wound rolls Saturation
Rosin Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
Analysis of, T 621 and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Sawdust
In paper and paperboard, T 408 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257
Rosin size Scattering
Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Determination of effective residual ink
concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance
 measurement, T 567 Sheet machines (laboratory)
Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R∞; see Handsheet formers
TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Sheet materials
k, T 1214 see Sheets
Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2°, Sheets
89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at
Scattering coefficient standard temperature and humidity, T 448
see Optical scattering Sheffield method
Schopper-type tester see Smoothness, Air permeability
see Folding endurance Sheffield smoothness
Score bend efficiency Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
Score bend test, T 577 method), T 538
Score-line rupture Shipping containers
see Scores see also Containers
Scores Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of
Score bend test, T 577 packaging and packaging materials (including
Quality test, T 829 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid
Scoring fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815
Bending number of paperboard, T495 Shives
Scott bond Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type
see Internal bond instrument), T 274
Screen residue Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T
see Mesh residue 278
Screening Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T
Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type 275
instrument), T 274 Shock
Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800
method, T 277 Short column test
Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T see Edge crush resistance
278 SI units
Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T see Units of measurement
275 Sides
Screens Identification of wire side of paper, T 455
Fiber length of pulp by classification, T 233 Silica
Seal adhesion Acid-insoluble ash in pulp, T 244
see Sealants Analysis of limestone, T 618
Sealants Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Analysis of sodium silicate, T 632
516 Analysis of talc, T 665
Seals In pulp (wet ash method), T 245
see Window envelopes Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Seams of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
see Window envelopes Silicate pigments
Sedimentation method see Pigments
see Particle size distribution Silicates
Selleger's stain Acid-insoluble ash in pulp, T 244
see Fiber analysis, Staining In pulp (wet ash method), T 245
Sensitivity Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Moisture sensitivity of fiber glass mats, T 1014 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Separation Silicon dioxide
Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type see Silica
instrument), T 274 Silver nitrate
Of liner from medium (pin adhesion test), T 821 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T 610
275 Silver tarnish tests
Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444
separation, T 845 Silvering method
Sheet formation see Specific surface
see Formation
Sisal Sodium bicarbonate
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Analysis of salt cake, T 619
259 Sodium chloride
Size Analysis of salt cake, T 619
Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Sodium hydrosulfite
Size emulsion Analysis of sodium hydrosulfite, T 622
see Rosin size Sodium hydroxide
Sized papers Analysis of caustic soda, T 613
Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood
method), T 530 and pulp, T 212
Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
method), T 458 610
Water absorptiveness of (Cobb test), T 441 Use of in determining alkali solubility of pulp, T
Water resistance of, T 433 235
Sizing Sodium oxide
Degree of in paper by ink resistance, T 530 Analysis of salt cake, T 619
Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 831 Analysis of sodium silicate, T 632
Water absorptiveness of sized paper, paperboard, Sodium silicate
and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), T 441 Analysis of, T 632
Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 Sodium sulfate
Water resistance of size paper and paperboard (dry Analysis of salt cake, T 619
indicator method), T 433 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
Slide angle Sodium sulfide
Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
packaging and packaging materials (including Sodium sulfite
shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Sodium thiosulfate
Slide resistance Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
see Friction, Slide angle 610
Slowness of pulp/stock Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
see Freeness Softwoods
Slurry Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401
Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Wood/fiber identification method for, T 263
slurries, T 697 Solid fiberboard
Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648 see Fiberboard
Slush pulps Solids content
Microbiological enumeration of process water and Analysis of rosin size, T 628
slush pulp, T 631 Black liquor, T 650
Smelt Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T
Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion 656
chromatography, T 699 Suspended solids in kraft green and black liquor, T
Smoothness 692
Paper (Bekk method), T 479 Solubility
Paper and paperboard (Print-Surf method), T 555 Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235
Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method Analysis of limestone, T 618
(Emveco-type), T 575 Analysis of rosin, T 621
Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood
method), T 538 and pulp, T 212
Soda ash Soluble material
see Sodium carbonate see Solubility
Soda pulping Solutions
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and
Soda pulps of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600
see Pulps Solvent extractives
Sodium see Solvents
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Solvents
In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Extractives of wood and pulp, T 204
spectroscopy, T 266
Soxhlet apparatus Starch
see Extraction, Rosin Starch in paper, T 419
Species identification Viscosity of, T 676
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207
259 Starch indicator
Specific gravity see Indicators, preparation of
see Density Static creasing
Specific handling stiffness see Creasing
see Stiffness Static friction
Specific surface see Friction
Of pulp, T 226 Static tests
Specific volume Static creasing of paper for water vapor
see Bulk transmission tests, T 465
Spectrometers Stickies
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type
Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 instrument), T 274
Spectrophotometry Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up”
see Spectroscopy method, T 277
Spectroscopy Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T
Determination of sodium, calcium, copper, iron, and 278
manganese in pulp and paper by atomic absorption Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T
spectroscopy, T 266 275
Identification and determination of melamine resin Stiffness
in paper, T 493 Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by
Specular gloss single-point bending methods, T 556
see Gloss Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type
Splitting tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration),
see Ply separation T 566
Spore-cloud method Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and
see Fungi paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic
Spore-mycelial method configuration), T 489
see Fungi Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T
Stability 836
see also Permanence Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI
writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T procedures for sampling and lot acceptance,
573 stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006
Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Stokes' Law
slurries, T 697 see Particle size distribution
Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Storage
paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Storage of paper samples for optical measurements
572 and color matching, T 1219
Effect of dry heat on properties of paper, T 453 Straw
Staining Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401
Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
516 259
Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Strength tests
Standard practice see Bond strength, Burst strength, Compression
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing tests, Tear strength,Tensile strength, Impact tests
reference materials, T 1211 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing
Standard solutions paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T
Preparation of, T 610 572
Standards Accelerated temperature aging of printing and
Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T
reference materials, T 1211 573
Calibration of reflectance standards for Stretch
hemispherical geometry, T 1218 Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Sulfuric acid
Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Analysis of, T 602
glass mats, T 1009 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T
Strip method 610
see Baled pulp Sunn hemp
Stripping strength Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
see Peel strength 259
Structural fiber insulating board Surface area
see Insulating board see Specific surface
Sub-visible contraries Surface pH
Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see pH
and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Surface roughness
Submersion Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield
Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 method), T 538
Substance Surface strength
see Basis weight Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type
Sugar cane method), T 476
Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Of paper (wax pick test), T 459
259 Surface wettability
Sugars see Wettability
Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207 Surfaces
Sulfate liquors Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437
see Kraft liquors Suspect test determinations
Sulfate soap see Test determinations
see Tall oil soap Suspended solids
Sulfated ash Determination of in kraft green and white liquor, T
see Ash content 692
Sulfates Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters,
Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 T 656
Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Suspensions (pulp)
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis see Dispersions
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Sutherland test
Water-soluble sulfates in pulp and paper, T 255 see Ink rub resistance
Sulfide
Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 _____________T_____________
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Taber stiffness
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and
Sulfide-free reducing compounds paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic
Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green configuration), T 489
liquors, T 624 Talc
Sulfite Analysis of, T 665
Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Tall oil rosin
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 see Rosin
Sulfite liquors Tear factor
Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 see Tear strength
Sulfite pulps Tear strength
Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type
Sulfur method), T 414
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance,
Sulfur dioxide stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006
Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 Tearing resistance
Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 See also Tear strength
Sulfur trioxide Specimen preparation for cross directional internal
Analysis of salt cake, T 619 tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related
materials, T 496
Temperature control
Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products,
T 402
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T
1008
Tensile breaking strength
see also Tensile strength
Tensile energy absorption (TEA)
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
Tensile index
see Tensile strength
Tensile properties
Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type
method), T 414
Tensile strength
Elongation at break for fiber glass mats, T 1009
Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction
tensile), T 541
Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
Tensile stress
Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
Tensile tests
Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using
constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494
Terminology
Optical measurement terminology (related to
appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500
Test conditions
Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products,
T 402
Test facilities
Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for
paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products,
T 402
Test sheets
see Handsheets
Test methods
Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations,
T 1205
Testing
Compression wood identification in pulping, T 267
Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations,
T 1205
Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods used with
paper and paper products, T 1200
Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T
1008
Testing atmospheres
see Atmospheres, Test conditions
Thickness
Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500
Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T
516
Paper and paperboard (soft platen method), T 551
Paper, paperboard, and combined board, T 411
Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI
procedures for sampling and lot acceptance,
stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006
Towel, tissue, napkin and facial products, T 580
Thiosulfate
Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699
Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406
Thymol blue
see Indicators, preparation of
Tinting
CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard
(45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562
CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0
geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560
Tissue papers
see also Absorptivity, Paper products
Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and
facial products, T 580
Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432
Tissues
see Absorptivity, Paper products, Tissue papers
Titanium
Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
Titanium dioxide
see also Fillers, Pigments
Determination of, T 627
Titratable alkali
Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite
bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611
Toluene
Analysis of rosin, T 621
Total alkali
Caustic soda, T 613
Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625
Total alkalinity
see Total alkali
Total reducing compounds
Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green
liquors, T 624
Total solids
see Solids content
Total suspended solids
see Suspended solids
Toweling
see Absorptivity
Toweling papers
Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and
facial products, T 580
Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432
Training Viscosity stability
Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Viscosity
Transmission rate Viscosity-velocity product
see Water vapor transmission rate see Printing
Treated paper and paperboard Vision
see Flameproof papers, Fungi Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015
Tristimulus values Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515
Color of paper and paperboard, T 527 Visual defects
Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Fiber glass mat uniformity, T 1015
Tub-sized starch Visual efficiency
see Starch Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and
Turpentine tests luminous reflectance factor, T 1216
see Grease resistance, Oil penetration tests Visual grading
Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515
Voids
_____________U_____________ Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof
papers, T 454
Ultraviolet radiation Volatile suspended solids
Light sources for evaluating papers including those see Suspended solids
containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 Volatiles content
Ultraviolet spectroscopy Analysis of rosin size, T 628
Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Volatility
Ultraviolet-containing daylight illuminant Solvent extractives in wood and pulp, T 204
see Illumination Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602
Uniformity Volume
Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T
Units of measurement 258
Measurement and conversion factors, T 1210 Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T
Unsaponifiable materials 656
see Saponification number Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268
Urea-formaldehyde resins Volumetric reagent solutions
see Polyureas see Standard solutions
Useful fiber Volumetry
see Fiber Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438

_____________W_____________
_____________V_____________
Washer
Valley beater Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281
Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Water absorbency/absorption/absorptivity
T 200 see Absorptivity
Variation Water absorption
Cross-machine grammage profile measurement, T Water absorption of corrugating medium: float curl
545 method, T 832
Machine direction grammage variation Water absorption of corrugating medium: water
measurement (gravimetric method), T 546 drop absorption test, T 835
Vegetable parchment Water absorption of corrugating medium: water
see Parchment papers drop penetration test, T 831
Viewing device Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491
see Compression wood Water content
Viscosity see Moisture content
Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Water drop tests
slurries, T 697 Water absorption of corrugating medium
Coating clay slurry, T 648 (absorption test), T 835
Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp Water absorption of corrugating medium
(falling ball method), T 254 (penetration test), T 831
Pulp (capillary viscometer method), T 230 Water immersion
Sodium silicate, T 632 see Submersion
Starch and starch products, T 676
Water immersion tests Wet ply separation
see Water resistance see Ply separation
Water resistance Wet screening
Sized paper and paperboard, T 433 see also Screening
Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet
Water saturation screening, T 261
see Saturation Wet strength
Water solubility Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper
see Water solubles and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456
Water solubles Wet tensile breaking strength
Chloride in pulp and paper, T 256 see Tensile strength
In pulp and paper, T 255 Wettability
Wood and pulp, T 207 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact
Water vapor permeability method), T 458
Static creasing of paper for water vapor Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted
transmission tests, T 465 materials using an automated contact angle tester,
Water vapor transfer rate T 558
see Water vapor transmission rate Wetting
Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted
Sheet materials at normal temperature, T 448 materials using an automated contact angle tester,
Water vapor transmission rate of paper and T 558
paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T 464 Wetting resistance
Water-soluble acidity see Wettability
see Acidity Wheat straw
Water-soluble alkalinity Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T
see Alkalinity 259
Wax White liquors
Determination in wood and pulp, T 204 Analysis of by suppressed ion chromatography, T
Wax pick tests 699
Surface strength of paper, T 459 Suspended solids in, T 692
Wax strength number White waters
see Wax pick tests Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627
Wedge method Measuring, sampling, and analyzing, T 656
see Baled pulp Whiteness
Weight Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0
Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T diffuse), T 534
258 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard
Weight/volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562
Weight fraction fines CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0
Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560
screening, T 261 Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and
Weight percent fines luminous reflectance factor, T 1216
Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet Wilson's stain
screening, T 261 see Fiber analysis, Staining
Weight/area measurement Window envelopes
see Grammage Seal, seam, and window patch testing in, T 516
Weight/volume measurement Wire side
see Volume, Weight Identification of in paper, T 455
Weighted average fiber length Wood
see Fiber length Acid-insoluble ash in, T 244
Wet abrasion test Acid-soluble lignin in, T 222
see Abrasion Alcohol-benzene and dichloromethane solubles in,
Wet ash method T 204
Silica and silicates in pulp, T 245 Ash determination, T 211, T 413
Wet curl Basic density and moisture content of, T 258
see Curl Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood
Wet density and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T
see Density 249
 Compression wood identification in pulpwood, T Young's modulus
267 see Elastic strength
Identification of from conifers, T 263
Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 _____________Z_____________
One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of, T 212
Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Z-direction
Preparation of for chemical analysis, T 264 Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569
Sampling and preparing for analysis, T 257 Z-directional tensile strength
Water solubility of, T 207 see Tensile strength
Wood chips Zero-span breaking strength
see Chips see Tensile strength
Wood extractives Zero-span tensile strength
see Extractives see also Tensile strength
Wood fibers Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span
see Fibers tensile), T 231
Wood flour Zinc
Specific external surface of pulp, T 226 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis
Wood pulp of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421
see Pulp Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438
Wood resins Zinc oxide
Solvent extractives in wood and pulp, T 204 see Pigments
Wound rolls Zinc sulfide
Paperboard roll hardness, T 834 see Pigments
Writing paper
Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of
uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the
horizontal plane method, T 549
Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact
method), T 458
Writing quality
see Feathering
WVTR
see Water vapor transmission rate

_____________X_____________

Xenon lamps
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
X-ray diffraction
Analysis of talc, T 665
Xylan
Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood
and wood pulp chromatography, T 249

____________Y_____________
Y reflectance
Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible
dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image
analysis, T 563
Yellowness coefficient
Accelerated light aging of printing and writing
paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578
Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and
luminous reflectance factor, T 1216