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Installation of Parquet Floors

1. Job Site Inspection
2. Storage and Handling
3. Subfloor Requirements
4. General Information on Adhesives
5. Spreading the Adhesive
6. Installing the Parquet Flooring
7. Completing the Installation
8. Sanding
9. Stain and Finish
10. Maintenance
11. Installer/Owner Responsibility

Back to main F.A.Q.

PRE-INSTALLATION

Job Site Inspection

The building should be closed in with all outside doors and windows in place. All concrete, masonry,
framing members, drywall, paint and other "wet" work should be thoroughly dry.
The wall coverings should be in place and the painting completed except for the final coat on the base
molding. When possible, delay installation of base molding until flooring installation is complete.
Exterior grading should be complete with surface drainage directing water away from the building. All
gutters and downspouts should be in place.
Solid oak parquet may be installed on or above grade level only. Do not install in full bathrooms.
Basements and crawl spaces must be dry and well ventilated.
Crawl space must be a minimum of 24" (600 mm) from the ground to underside of joists. A ground cover of
6-8 mil black polyethylene film is essential as a vapor barrier with joints lapped six inches and taped. The
crawl space should have perimeter venting equal to a minimum of 1.5% of the crawl space square footage.
These vents should be properly located to foster cross ventilation.
Subfloor must be checked for moisture content using the appropriate testing method. Wooden subfloor
moisture reading must not exceed 12% and differential between the flooring and subfloor must be less
than 4%.
Permanent air conditioning and heating systems should be in place and operational. The installation
site should have a consistent room temperature of 65-75° F and humidity of 40-60% for 14 days prior,
during and until occupied, to allow for proper acclimation.

Storage and Handling

Handle and unload with care. Store in a dry place being sure to provide at least a four-inch air space under cartons
which are stored upon "on-grade" concrete floors. Flooring should not be delivered until the building has been
closed in with windows and doors in place and until cement work, plastering and all other "wet" work is completed
and dry. Concrete should be at least 60 days old. Solid oak parquet flooring should be stored in the environment in
which it is expected to perform. Air conditioning/heating systems should be in place and in operation at least 14
days prior, during and after installation of the flooring. Check adhesive label for storage limitations.
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Subfloors
If installing over inadequate, existing plywood subfloor consider installing plywood underlayment over existing
subfloor. Standard 4 X 8 plywood sheet should be cut in four pieces and screwed to subfloor leaving small gap
between the sheets to allow for expansion.

Subfloor must be:

CLEAN - Scrape, broom clean, and smooth. Free of wax, paint, oil, sealers, adhesives, curing agents and
other debris.
LEVEL/FLAT - Within 3/16" in 10' and/or 1/8" in 6'. Sand high areas or joints, fill low areas (no more than
1/8" at a time) with a cementitous leveling compound or milk additive latex patch of 3,000 PSI minimum
compressive strength. Follow the instructions of the leveling compound manufacturer. Leveling compounds
must be tested for moisture to ensure they are properly cured and within the manufacturer's specified
requirements for proper installation.
STRUCTURALLY SOUND - Nail or screw any loose areas that squeak. Replace any water-damaged,
swollen or delaminated subflooring or underlayment. Avoid subfloor with excessive vertical movement
unless they have been properly stiffened prior to the installation of the wood flooring.
DRY - Check moisture content of the subfloor with a reliable moisture meter.

Recommended subfloor surfaces

PREFERRED: 23/32" AdvanTech® flooring

PREFERRED: 3/4" (19 mm) CDX grade plywood
3/4" (23/32") OSB PS2 rated underlayment
MINIMUM: 5/8" CDX grade plywood
Concrete slabs
Ceramic, terrazzo, slate and marble
Acoustic concrete
Cork (Acoustic)
Vinyl, resilient tile, cork flooring
Metal
Existing solid wood flooring
3/4" chip, waferboard, particle board

Concrete Slabs

Solid parquet flooring can be glued directly to concrete. If using Concrete sealer - it has to be from the same
manufacturer as the adhesive. The concrete must be of high compressive strength. All concrete subfloors should be
tested for moisture content. Visual checks are not reliable. Acceptable test methods for subfloor moisture content
include:

NOTE: Test several areas, especially near exterior walls and walls containing plumbing.

A 3% Phenolphthalein in Anhydrous alcohol solution. Chip the concrete at least 3/4" deep (do
not apply directly to the concrete surface) and apply several drops of the solution to the chipped
area. If any color change occurs, further testing is required.
Calcium Chloride test. The maximum moisture transfer must not exceed 3 lbs./1000 square feet
with this test.
Tramex Concrete Moisture Encounter meter. Moisture readings should not exceed 4.5 on the
upper scale.

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NOTE: A "DRY" SLAB, AS DEFINED BY THESE TESTS CAN BE WET AT OTHER TIMES OF
THE YEAR. THESE TESTS DO NOT GUARANTEE A DRY SLAB. ALL CONCRETE SLABS
SHOULD HAVE A MINIMUM OF 6 MIL POLY FILM MOISTURE BARRIER BETWEEN THE
GROUND AND THE CONCRETE

Concrete treatment and installation of hardwood floors over concrete by Sika®

Wood Subfloors

Plywood: Must be APA grade rated sheathing or CDX minimum.

Oriented Strand Board (OSB): Must be PS2 rated installed sealed side down.
Particleboard: Must be a minimum 40-LB density, stamped underlayment grade and 3/4" thick.
Make sure existing floor or subfloor is dry and well nailed or screwed down every 6" along each joist to
avoid squeaking or popping before the floor is installed. The wood subfloor must not exceed 12% moisture
content. Measure moisture content of both subfloor and wood flooring to determine proper moisture content
with a reliable wood moisture meter. The difference between the moisture content of the wood subfloor and
the wood flooring must not exceed 4%. Optimum performance of hardwood floor covering products occurs
when there is no horizontal or vertical movement of the subfloor.
All underlayment panels should be spaced 1/8" - 1/4" apart to insure adequate expansion space. This can be
achieved by using a circular saw set at the depth of the underlayment and cutting around the perimeter of the
panel. Do not install over existing glue-down wood floors. Do not install over nailed floors that exceed 3-4"
in width. Wide width floors must be overlaid with plywood. When installing over existing wood floors
parallel with the flooring, it may be necessary to install an additional 1/4" layer of plywood to stabilize the
flooring or install the wood floor at right angles.

Radiant Heated Floors

System must be operational and heated for at least 7 days prior to beginning installation.
Turn off heat and let subfloor cool down to room temperature 3-4 hours prior to starting the job.
Radiant heated floors must be temperature controlled or engineered for the R-rating of the floor covering
product installed upon them. BEFORE installation begins, ascertain that the system is designed and
controlled for wood flooring. Failure to do so may cause excessive heat damage and shrinkage. Install floor
per the application instructions.
Make sure you have at least 3/4" plywood subfloor on top of hydro pipes used for radiant heat. Preferably
install two layers of plywood: 1/2" in in one direction and another 1/2" in cross grain direction. Floor should
be installed again in cross grain direction to the plywood below.
After installation, turn system back on immediately to its normal room temperature setting. The subfloor
surface must not exceed 85° F throughout the life of the floor.
It is recommended to use Rift/Quarter sawn material for the radiant heat applications for the best
results. It offers better dimensional stability. Learn more about Rift/Quartered sawn wood.

General

NOTE: When installing UNFINISHED SOLID WOOD PARQUET flooring, allow a minimum of 36 hours
adhesive curing time before applying seals, stains and finishes to unfinished flooring. Trowel filling and fillers are
required to reduce the possibility of panalization caused by the finish "gluing" the slats together. Test the moisture
content of the wood in accordance with the stain/finish manufacturer's recommendations. Avoid installing from the
surface of the flooring. If necessary distribute weight using a kneeler board.

INSTALLATION

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Spreading Adhesive

Apply glue using trowel.

NOTE: Clean adhesive from the surface of the floor frequently using the recommended adhesive cleaner. Use
clean towel, changed frequently, to prevent haze and adhesive residue. Maximum Adhesive Working Times:

Urethane Adhesive - 60 minutes (Always read container label before proceeding)

Polymeric Resin Adhesive - 90 minutes (Always read container label before proceeding)
Open times and curing times of ALL adhesives vary dependant upon subfloor porosity, air movement,
humidity and room temperature. Urethane adhesive has a shortened work time in high humidity
environments whereas polymeric resin adhesive working time will be lengthened. In areas of low humidity,
open time will be longer with urethanes and shorter with polymeric resins. Adjust the amount of adhesive
spread accordingly. The adhesive should not be applied if subfloor or room temperature is below 65° F (20°
C).
Spread sufficient amounts of recommended adhesive with the recommended trowel (figure below) in an area
that can be covered in 60-90 minutes.

Hold the trowel at a minimum 45° angle (figure below) firmly against the subfloor to obtain a 50-60 sq. ft. per
gallon spread rate.

When not in use, keep the adhesive container tightly closed to prevent thickening. Thickening of the
adhesive will cause difficulty in spreading the adhesive.
Proper ventilation within the room must be provided. An electric fan is helpful.

Please follow technical specification for working time for adhesive.

Czar Floors recommends Bostik's Best or Sika SikaBond adhesive. Bostik Ultra-Set SingleStep
combines hardwood adhesive with moisture vapor and sound reduction membrane - an excellent choice
for installation on concrete.

Listed adhesives are the only adhesives tested and certified by Czar Floors. Use other adhesives at your own
risk. Czar Floors does not provide warranty on subfloor separation for other adhesives. Those adhesives are
available at the specialized flooring distributors or can be purchased through Czar Floors.

Adhesive products and installation Video by Sika®

Installing parquet modules

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It may help to dry lay the section of the floor first to get an idea. This is especially helpful with artistic
parquet. Use drawings as your reference.
Immediately lay the floor tiles on the newly spread adhesive. DO NOT lay the floor tiles on dry adhesive
(Always lay the floor tiles on wet adhesive). If the adhesive becomes too dry, scrape up the old adhesive and
spread more. Installing on wet adhesive eliminates rolling the floor with a heavy roller. The working time for
the adhesive is 60-90 minutes. Working time will vary depending on the job site conditions. IMPORTANT:
Stand or kneel on the subfloor during the installation to avoid shifting the tiles. TIP: Slightly slide tile
diagonally about 1" back and forth to insure good adhesive spread. Tile can be temporarily secured with
finishing nails.
PROPER PLACEMENT OF THE FIRST FLOOR TILE IS THE KEY TO THE ENTIRE INSTALLATION.
Carefully place a parquet tile at the intersection of the two chalk lines. Straight plank boards can be used to
align and secure the tiles as shown in the picture below. Start at the center of the room in one of the
quadrants using chalk lines and temporary boards as a guide.
Continue laying the balance of the floor tiles along the starting quadrant. Align each floor tile squarely.
Do not push or shove the floor tiles too strenuously as this could cause the first and second floor tiles to
move. Simply realign them and proceed with the installation. Use pieces of wide blue masking tape to
temporarily hold the tiles in place to avoid "floating" of the tile in still wet adhesive. This tape can removed
after glue is cured or sanded off. Alternatively you can secure the parquet module by two-three staples (not
nails) shot at the side of the tile.
Avoid hammering or forcing the floor tiles together as this will destroy the built-in expansion spaces and
may destroy the squareness of the floor tile. You may use a rubber mallet to tap the tiles.
After laying the floor tiles across the first starting area, trim the last floor tiles as needed to obtain the proper
1/2" expansion space next to the walls. Use a small band or saber saw for final trimming. Firmly secure each
floor tile when cutting with a saber saw.
During the installation, occasionally remove a piece of flooring from the subfloor and inspect the back for
proper adhesive transfer. Adequate adhesive transfer is necessary to ensure sufficient holding strength. DO
NOT REMOVE PROTECTIVE PLASTIC TAPE ON THE TILE SURFACE. It will be removed during first
pass sanding.

Diagonal Parquet Tile Installation

A diagonal pattern is recommended in corridors and in rooms where the length is more than one and half times the
width. This diagonal placement minimizes expansion under high humidity conditions but does not change the
requirements for expansion at the wall lines. It takes a bit longer to fit trim, but gives your customer diamonds
instead of squares, and is worthy of a labor up-charge.

1. Mark on the subfloor along the longer walls at the middle point of the room. Snap a chalk line between these
two points to establish a primary line.
2. Mark on the subfloor along the shorter wall at the middle point of the room. Snap a chalk line between these
two points at center of room to establish the secondary or perpendicular line. Adjust secondary line using the
3-4-5 Pythagorean Theorem. The two lines you have just drawn are the most important. All other lines will
be measured from these lines.
3. To establish two 45º lines, measure a 1/2 from the center of the room, along longest wall and place a mark on
each line in both directions. Use trammel points or beam compass to make this step easy and accurate. Using
the same measurement, draw an arc from each of the points established in Step 3 on the subfloor where 45º
line will cross, showing four bisected arcs. Snap chalk lines between these points. These new lines should go
directly through the center of the room as shown. First four parquets should be meeting at the dead center of
the room.
4. Install using a pyramid or stair-step pattern. Wood parquet “squares” are not always square. They are
not “die cut” or stamped out. They are cut on saws and the wood is affected by moisture changes.
They will not be perfect and therefore must be installed in the pyramid pattern — not row by row.
5. Place the parquet unit carefully at the intersection of your two lines. Lay the next units ahead and to the right
of the one, along the lines. Then continue the stair-step sequence, watching carefully the corner alignment of
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new units with those already in place. Each unit, as it is placed, should be adjusted to keep the corners true,
or “on point” and if necessary, give up a tight fit along the sides. Install in a quadrant of the room, leaving
trimming at the walls until later. Then return to the base lines and lay another quadrant, repeating the stair-
step sequence. Install the last quadrant from the base line to the door. A reducer strip may be required at the
doorway, if transitioning to another floor. To lay row-by-row and tight guarantees that after five or six rows
the variations continue to compound themselves and will produce disaster.
6. Build the field by maintaining the pyramid and enlarging it, with constant reference to the working lines. Be
sure to “seat” each unit in the adhesive. Adjust the units as you go and stay within the limits of the adhesive.

For medallion installation follow this link: Medallion Installation Instructions

If installing flooring medallion, install parquet tiles without glue in this area. The medallion shape can be outlined
first on the subfloor and then marked on the parquet using the template.

Completing Installation

When the starting area has been completed, including cutting to the wall, proceed to the second laying area.
The second laying area is quite simple as you now have sufficient floor tiles installed to resist floor tile
movement.
Again, cut the last floor tiles to allow a 1/2" expansion space from the end wall.
Proceed by laying other areas, repeating the installation procedure of the starting area. Trim out each laying
area before proceeding to the next area.
Maintain the 1/2" expansion space around the perimeter of the room and around all fixed objects.
Avoid pressing heavily or stepping on the recently laid floor tile as this may destroy the ridging of the
adhesive and positioning of the tile.
It is normal to have some gaps between tiles and wood pieces after this phase. Use quality wood patches and
Full-Trowel Fillers to cover those gaps. Full-Trowel Filler is thinner than Wood Patch, and designed to
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spread across the surface of the wood floor. Just pour a workable puddle and trowel the floor, going back and
forth across the cracks and voids to ensure deep penetration, removing excess filler as you go. 3 1/2-gallon
pail fills up to 3,000 square feet. Bona makes excellent line of wood fillers.
Allow a minimum of 36 hours drying time before moving furniture or walking on the newly laid parquet
floor.

Sanding of wood parquet

When sanding a hardwood floor where grain pattern differ such as parquet or inlay cut at a 45-degree angle to the
floor in two directions. Third cut along the room's longest side. Possibly a fourth pass, using a floor polisher and
hard plate. Extra hand-sanding work may be required.

Use a drum sander to remove a transparent plastic tape from the surface of the face-taped parquet. Three sandings
with progressively finer paper is recommended. Pay attention if several different woods used in the parquet as
softer woods may sand faster then harder species and may develop uneven surface. Small areas with medallions or
borders are better sanded with the floor polisher and sandpaper on a hard plate.

When using mixed media such as stone and parquet consider using plywood blanks inserted in place of marble or
stone during the sanding phase.

For in-depth instructions read excellent Floor Sanding manual by Lägler - leading floor sander manufacturer.

Sanding and finishing of solid hardwood floors Video by NWFA

Stain and Finish

Stains are not recommended for the parquet that used various wood species. Many species accept stain differently.
Clear coat Polyurethane or wax finish can be applied.

One-Two coats of fast drying sealer can be applied. To enhance the appearance and deepen the color of the wooden
floors consider using Bona Prime Amberseal sealer.

Consider water-based finishes made by Bona such as Bona Traffic . Always use sealer and finish from
the same manufacturer. For very best consider Bona Traffic HD line.

Parquet Floor Maintenance

Vacuum as often as you would your carpet. Don't use rotating brushes - turn it off of possible. If wax used for
finish, periodically buff the floor using paste wax.

It is very important to maintain humidity level in the 40 to 60% range. Use portable or HVAC built-in humidifiers
during the heating season.

Use cleaning products specifically formulated for the hardwood floors such as Bona Pro

Download Czar Floors Parquet Care Note

Download NWFA Floor Maintenance Guide

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For general hardwood floor question,s please check the excellent NWFA (National Wood Flooring Association)
website. Czar Floors is a proud member of this organization.

Installer/Owner Responsibility
Beautiful hardwood floors are a product of nature and therefore, not perfect. Our wood floors are manufactured in
accordance with accepted industry standards, which permit a defect tolerance not to exceed 5%. The defects may
be of a manufacturing or natural type.

The installer assumes all responsibility for final inspection of product quality. This inspection of all flooring
should be done before installation. Carefully examine flooring for color, finish and quality before installing
it. If material is not acceptable, do not install it and contact us immediately.
Prior to installation of any hardwood-flooring product, the installer must determine that the job-site
environment and the sub-surfaces involved meet or exceed all applicable standards and recommendations of
the construction and materials industries. These instructions recommend that the construction and subfloor
be dry, stiff and flat. The manufacturer declines any responsibility for job failure resulting from or associated
with sub-surface or job-site environment deficiencies.
Prior to installation, the installer/owner has final inspection responsibility as to grade, manufacture and
factory finish. The installer must use reasonable selectivity and hold out or cut off pieces with defects,
whatever the cause.
Use of stain, filler or putty stick for defect correction during installation should be accepted as normal
procedure.
When flooring is ordered, at least 10% must be added to the actual square footage needed for cutting and
grading allowance.
Should an individual piece be doubtful as to grade, manufacture or factory finish, the installer should not use
the piece.
Use of appropriate products for correcting subfloor voids should be accepted as a normal industry practice.

E-mail | Phone: 800-577-2927 | Fax: 866.631.0423 |

© 2015 Czar Floors Inc. All rights reserved. All designs are subject to the Copyright Law.

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