INCAS BULLETIN Vol 9 Issue 4 Internet First PG

http://bulletin.incas.
ro/
INCAS BULLETIN
(Print) ISSN 2066–8201
(Online) ISSN 2247–4528 Journal website: http://bulletin.incas.ro/
ISSN–L 2066–8201
DOI: 10.13111/2066–8201; https://doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201
Note: Both versions (online and print) are identical.
 INCAS BULLETIN is Open Access (OA).
 The journal is indexed in International Databases (BDI): DOAJ, CrossRef, ProQuest,
Index Copernicus™ - Journals Master List, EBSCOhost, WorldCat, Academic Journals
Database, SCIPIO - Romanian Editorial Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure
(CNKI-SCHOLAR), J-Gate (largest E-Journal Gateway), SHERPA/ROMEO.
 Journal Language: English
 Frequency: Quarterly
 Date of publication: 15 March, 15 June, 15 September, 15 December
 Type of appearance: Full text, online and print
 Article Processing Charges (APCs): NO
 All submission and publication in the scientific journal INCAS BULLETIN is free.
 Year of first publication: 2009
 Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving in SHERPA/RoMEO
 Journal License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Publisher: INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”

B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, 061126 Bucharest, Romania
Phone: +4021 4340083, Fax: +4021 4340082;
E-mail: incas@incas.ro; http://www.incas.ro
Contact person: Elena NEBANCEA
Copyright © INCAS, 2009-2017. All rights reserved.
Registration code: (Online) ISSN 2247-4528 http://bulletin.incas.ro/index.html

(Print) ISSN 2066-8201
ISSN–L 2066-8201
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201
Romanian National Library
ISSN National Center
INCAS – NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH “ELIE CARAFOLI”

Phone: +4021 4340083; Fax: +4021 4340082
INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research under the aegis of The
“Elie Carafoli” Romanian Academy
INCAS BULLETIN
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201
VOLUME 9
ISSUE 4
October – December, 2017
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4
BUCHAREST  ROMANIA
i
INCAS BULLETIN
No part of this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form or by any other means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without prior permission of the publisher.
Author Enquiries
For enquiries relating to the submission of articles please visit our web address:
- http://bulletin.incas.ro/notes_for_authors.html
- http://www.incas.ro (Publications/INCAS BULLETIN)
- All submitted papers are peer-reviewed: http://bulletin.incas.ro/peer_review.html
- Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving in SHERPA/RoMEO
- Journal License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
ii
EDITORIAL BOARD
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
RUXANDRA BOTEZ  University of Quebec, Department of Automated Production
Engineering, H3C 1K3 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
E-mail: Ruxandra.Botez@etsmtl.ca
EXECUTIVE EDITORS
CORNELIU BERBENTE  University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Department of Aerospace
Sciences “Elie Carafoli”, 010737 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: berbente@yahoo.com
VICTOR GIURGIUTIU  University of South Carolina, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
SC 29208 Columbia, USA
E-mail: giurgiut@cec.sc.edu
HONORARY EDITOR
DAN PANTAZOPOL  Aerospace Consulting, 061126 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: pantazopol.dan@incas.ro
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

MIHAI ARGHIR  Institut Pprime, Université de Poitiers, ENSMA, UPR CNRS 3346
SP2MI, 11 Bd. Pierre et Marie Curie, BP 30179
86962 Futuroscope Chasseneuil Cedex, France
E-mail: mihai.arghir@univ-poitiers.fr
HAIM BARUH  Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University
98 Brett Road, Piscataway, N.J. 08854, USA
E-mail: baruh@jove.rutgers.edu
PAUL CIZMAS  Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University
H. R. Bright Bldg., Room 631B, 3141 TAMU,
College Station, TX 77843-3141, USA
E-mail: cizmas@tamu.edu
GEORGE S. DULIKRAVICH  Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida
International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC 3462, Miami,
Florida 33174, USA
E-mail: dulikrav@fiu.edu
HORIA DUMITRESCU  Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Applied Mathematics “Gheorghe
Mihoc  Caius Iacob” of Romanian Academy, 050711 Bucharest,
Romania
E-mail: horiadumitrescu@yahoo.com
VICTOR MANOLIU  Aerospace Consulting, 061126 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: manoliu.victor@incas.ro
JEAN-CHARLES MARÉ  Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse, Institut Clément
Ader (INSA de Toulouse), 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse,
France
E-mail: jean-charles.mare@insa-toulouse.fr
DAN MATEESCU  McGill University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, H3A 2K6
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
E-mail: dan.mateescu@mcgill.ca
ARUN MISRA  McGill University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, H3A 2K6
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
E-mail: arun.misra@mcgill.ca
FLORIN MUNTEANU  Aerospace Consulting, 061126 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: munteanu.florin@incas.ro
iii
EDITORIAL BOARD
CATALIN NAE  INCAS  National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”,
061126 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: nae.catalin@incas.ro
ILINCA NASTASE  Building Services Engineering Faculty, Technical University of Civil
Engineering, 020396 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: ilinca.nastase@gmail.com
PAVEL NEČAS  Vysoká škola bezpeènostného manažérstva v Košiciach/ University of
Security Management in Kosice, Slovakia
E-mail: pavel.necas@vsbm.sk
TITUS PETRILA  Babes-Bolyai University, No.1 Mihail Kogalniceanu, 400084 Cluj-
Napoca, Romania
E-mail: aosrtransilvania@yahoo.com
CRISTIAN POSTOLACHE  Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering,
P.O.B. MG-6, 077125 Magurele, Romania
E-mail: cristip@nipne.ro
DIMITRIS SARAVANOS  University of Patras, Department of Mechanical Engineering &
Aeronautics, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, 26500 Patras, Greece
E-mail: saravanos@mech.upatras.gr
GEORGE SAVU  COMOTI  National Research and Development Institute for Gas
Turbines, 061126 Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: george.savu@comoti.ro
DIETER SCHOLZ  Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), Department of
Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering, Aircraft Design and Systems
Group (AERO), Berliner Tor 9, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
E-mail: info@profscholz.de
TUDOR SIRETEANU  Institute of Solid Mechanics of the Romanian Academy, 10141
Bucharest, Romania
E-mail: siret@imsar.bu.edu.ro
IOAN URSU  INCAS  National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”,
E-mail: ursu.ioan@incas.ro
EDITORIAL OFFICE
ELENA NEBANCEA  Editorial secretary and webmaster
INCAS  National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”,
E-mail: nebancea.elena@incas.ro
LAVINIA BOSILCA  English translation
E-mail: bosilca.lavinia@incas.ro
EMIL COSTEA  Graphic cover
E-mail: costea.emil@incas.ro
iv
INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017
C ONTENTS
F ULL P APERS ………………………………………………………………. 1

 Viorel ANGHEL, Integral Method for Static, Dynamic, Stability and
Aeroelastic Analysis of Beam-like Structure Configurations ………………... 3
 Corneliu BERBENTE, Sorin BERBENTE, Possible Simple Structures of the

Universe to Include General Relativity Effects ……………………………….. 11
 Ana-Maria BORDEI, Andrei HALANAY, Stability analysis for an UAV
model in a longitudinal flight …………………………………………………... 21
 Yamina BOUGHARI, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ, Florian THEEL, Georges

GHAZI, Cessna Citation X Business Aircraft Eigenvalue Stability– Part 1: a
New GUI for the LFRs Generation ……………………………………………. 31
 Yamina BOUGHARI, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ, Florian THEEL, Georges

GHAZI, Cessna Citation X Business Aircraft Eigenvalue Stability – Part2:
Flight Envelope Analysis ……………………………………………………….. 45
 Ion DIMA, Mihaela NASTASE, Stefan HOTHAZIE, Ionut-Cosmin ONCESCU,

Camelia Elena MUNTEANU, Alexandru-Mihai CISMILIANU, Comparative
Analysis Program for Experimental and Calculated Data …………………… 59
 Horia DUMITRESCU, Vladimir CARDOS, The Origin of Shear Turbulence .. 75
 Thien Van NGUYEN, Dan N. DUMITRIU, Ion STROE, Controlling the
Motion of a Planar 3-DOF Manipulator Using PID Controllers …………….. 91
 Claudiu PATRASCU, Eugen CHIRIAC, Corneliu BALAN, Drop dispensing in
a viscous outer liquid ……………………………………………………………. 101
T ECHNICAL -S CIENTIFIC N OTES AND R EPORTS ………………..... 111

 Alexandru Marius PANAIT, Supersonic and transonic Mach probe for
calibration control in the Trisonic Wind Tunnel ……………………………... 113
I N D E X ….…………………………………………..…………………… ……. 123
I N S T RU CT I O NS AND E D I T I N G M O D E L ……………………………… ….. 127
P UBLICATION E THICS A ND P UBLICATION M ALPRACTICE S TATEMENT 132
v
Contents
vi
1 Full Papers
F ULL P APERS
INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017, pp. 1 – 2 (P) ISSN 2066-8201, (E) ISSN 2247-4528
Full Papers 2

Integral Method for Static, Dynamic, Stability and
Aeroelastic Analysis of Beam-like Structure Configurations
Viorel ANGHEL*
*Corresponding author
“POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Strength of Materials Department,
Splaiul Independenţei 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania,
vanghel10@gmail.com
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.1
Received: 23 October 2017/ Accepted: 31 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Copyright©2017. Published by INCAS. This is an “open access” article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: This work presents a synthesis of the use of an integral approximate method based on
structural influence functions (Green’s functions) concerning the behavior of beam-like structures.
This integral method is used in the areas of static, dynamic, aeroelasticity and stability analysis. The
method starts from the differential equations governing the bending or/and torsional behavior of a
beam. These equations are put in integral form by using appropriate Green’s functions, according to
the boundary conditions. Choosing a number of n collocation points on the beam axis, each integral
are then computed by a summation using weighting numbers. This approach is suitable for
conventional Euler-Bernoulli beams and also for the thin-walled open or closed cross-section beams
which can have bending-torsion coupling. Generally, for a static analysis this approach leads to a
linear system of equations (the case of the lift aeroelastic distribution analysis) or to an eigenvalues
and eigenvectors problem in the case of dynamic, stability or divergence analysis.
Key Words: Integral Method, Green Functions, Collocation, Static, Dynamic, Stability, Aeroelasticity 
1. INTRODUCTION
The use of the structural influence functions (Green’s functions) in the structural and
aeroelastic analysis are presented in [1]. In Romania this approach is widely used by
Professor A. Petre in his works on aeroelasticity in fixed wing aircraft [2, 3]. In the case of
the rotating beams and blades the method using Green’ s functions was presented for simple
configurations in order to obtain the natural frequencies for the bending and bending-torsion
vibration analysis [4, 5]. The coupled bending vibration analysis in the case of pretwisted
blades was presented in [6]. Then, a general case of the coupled bending-bending-torsion
vibration analysis of straight beams and blades was described in [7]. The papers [8, 9]
concern the dynamic analysis of rotating beams with tip mass. Other works related to the
dynamic analysis of rotating beams and blades are [10, 11]. The method of Green’s functions
was then applied for composite beams both for dynamic analysis [12] and static analysis
[13]. Other applications are then presented in [14, 15]. In [15] a short application concerning
the buckling analysis of a straight uniform beam was also performed. Aspects concerning the
aeroelastic analysis of wings are presented in work [16]. New developments of the methods
based on Green’s functions in dynamic analysis of beams and blades are recently reported in
[17, 18].
Possible Simple Structures of the Universe to Include
General Relativity Effects
Corneliu BERBENTE*,1, Sorin BERBENTE1,2
1
“POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering,
Polizu no.1-6, RO-011061, Bucharest, Romania,
berbente@yahoo.com*, sun_so@yahoo.com
2
INCAS ‒ National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”,
B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, Sector 6, Bucharest 061126, Romania
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.2
Received: 23 October 2017/ Accepted: 13 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Abstract: The general relativity describes the universe properties, the gravity playing a fundamental
role. One uses a metric tensor in a Riemann space, g  , which should be in agreement with a mass
(or energy) tensor in order to satisfy the Einstein equation of the general relativity [1]. This equation
contains the Ricci curvature as well. In general, applications are done considering that a chosen
metric is valid without region limits. In fact, the density of the energy whose distribution is however
unknown is variable in universe; therefore, the metrics need to be adapted to different regions. For
this reason one suggests to start with a simple, average mass-energy distribution that could represent
in a first step the actual universe. This suggestion is in agreement with the symmetrical distribution of
equal spheres existing in a model of the early universe given by one of the authors. Two kinds of
distribution are given. The possibility of black holes formation is studied and a criterion is given.
Key Words: metrics, photon, refraction index, black hole
1. INTRODUCTION
In the followings the universe is considered a sphere in expansion from a center CU , the
location of the initial singularity called BIG FLASH, the speed of the frontier being cv a c ,
speed of light in vacuum. One allows a linear velocity distribution from center to the frontier,
this being established as equilibrium between the initial momentum at explosion (BIG
FLASH) and the gravity forces. There are some reasons to preserve on average a spherical
symmetry in the mass-energy distribution in universe. These reasons are related to the
spherical symmetry in the early universe formation according to the model proposed by one
of the authors [2]. The system of coordinates with center CU is considered at rest. Other
models of universe are given in [3].
2. PROPOSED MODELS
2.1 A model of similar regions.
Let EU be the admitted total energy of the universe and M U the corresponding mass. Then:
Stability analysis for an UAV model in a longitudinal flight
Ana-Maria BORDEI*,1, Andrei HALANAY1
1
“POLITEHNICA” University Bucharest,
bordei_ana_maria@yahoo.com*, halanay@mathem.pub.ro
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.3

Abstract: The paper presents the stability analysis of the equilibria in a longitudinal flight of an
unmanned aircraft with constant forward velocity. The motion of the aircraft is described using delay
differential equations with constant delays, the delay being considered in flight control compartment.
The goal is to study the effects of the delays for the stability of the equilibrium points. It is eventually
proved that a Hopf bifurcation appears.
Key Words: equilibrium point, Hopf bifurcation, delay-differential equations, stability
1. INTRODUCTION
Due to various domains of application, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the subject of
intense research. One of the active areas for this type of aircraft, refers to the longitudinal
flight with constant velocity. Since a human factor to react in real time for this type of
vehicle is missing, a special attention is given to the landing phase and the final approach of
the UAV, controlled by an automatic flight control system (AFCS). Due to the fact that the
velocity variation of the state variables depends on their past and present values, the
differential equations associated with this model are differential equations with time-lag
argument. The mathematical modeling of delayed processes is relatively recent and has
become necessary with increasing interest in the development of complex automated systems
in some areas such as aerospace, robotics and telecommunications. It has also been used to
understand complex phenomena in areas such as biology, medicine, ecology and economics
[1]. In aerospace, the cause of these delays results from the high order system complexity
and in case of digital systems, from the inherent sampling time. Digital control systems are
attractive due to the high computing power, which enhances the complexity of the flight
control system. The delays have a significant effect on the longitudinal and lateral-
directional flight [1].
2. THE MODEL
Automatic Landing Flight Experiment (ALFLEX) is an unmanned aircraft built by
NASDAQ, Japan.
This vehicle is a reduced scale model of an unmanned reusable orbiting spacecraft, H-II
Orbiting Plane (HOPE) [2]. The existence of equilibrium points for the unmanned ALFLEX
Cessna Citation X Business Aircraft Eigenvalue Stability–
Part 1: a New GUI for the LFRs Generation
Yamina BOUGHARI1, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ*,1, Florian THEEL1,

Georges GHAZI1
1
ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE,
1100 Notre Dame West, Montreal, Que., Canada, H3C-1K3,
yamina.boughari.1@ens.etsmtl.ca, Ruxandra.Botez@etsmtl.ca*, f.theel@gmail.com,
georges.ghazi.1@ens.etsmtl.ca
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.4

Abstract: The aim of “Robustness Analysis” is to assess aircraft stability in the presence of all
admissible uncertainties. Models that are able to describe the aircraft dynamics by taking into
account all uncertainties over a region inside the flight envelope have therefore been developed, using
Linear Fractional Representation (LFR). In this paper Part 1 a friendly Graphical User Interface is
developed to facilitate the generation of Linear Fractional Representation uncertainty models for the
Cessna Citation X aircraft using 12 weight and Xcg configurations; thus, 26 regions of the flight
envelope are developed for different Weight/ Xcg configurations to study the aircraft’s longitudinal
motion. In the aim to analyzed the robustness stability of Cessna Citation X in Part 2 using the
Graphical User Interface developed in the Clearance Of Flight Control Laws Using Optimization
(COFCLUO) project. This project aimed to boost the aircraft safety using computer computation.
Key Words: Linear Fractional Representation; Flight Control Clearance; Stability Analysis
Robustness Analysis
NOMENCLATURE
X, Z = Aircraft aerodynamic forces
x(t) = State space parameter of the system
𝜃 = Pitch angle
u, w = Speeds along the Ox, Oz axes
q = Angular speed along the Ox axes
V = Total Aircraft Speed
𝛿𝑒 = Elevator deflections
∆ = Block uncertainties
V(x) = System energy
A, B, C, D =State space matrices
Cessna Citation X Business Aircraft Eigenvalue Stability –
Part2: Flight Envelope Analysis
Yamina BOUGHARI1, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ*,1, Florian THEEL1,

Georges GHAZI1
1
ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and AeroServoElasticity LARCASE,
1100 Notre Dame West, Montreal, Que., Canada, H3C-1K3,
yamina.boughari.1@ens.etsmtl.ca, Ruxandra.Botez@etsmtl.ca*, f.theel@gmail.com,
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.5

Abstract: Civil aircraft flight control clearance is a time consuming, thus an expensive process in the
aerospace industry. This process has to be investigated and proved to be safe for thousands of
combinations in terms of speeds, altitudes, gross weights, Xcg / weight configurations and angles of
attack. Even in this case, a worst-case condition that could lead to a critical situation might be
missed. To address this problem, models that are able to describe an aircraft’s dynamics by taking
into account all uncertainties over a region within a flight envelope have been developed using Linear
Fractional Representation. In order to investigate the Cessna Citation X aircraft Eigenvalue Stability
envelope, the Linear Fractional Representation models are implemented using the speeds and the
altitudes as varying parameters. In this paper Part 2, the aircraft longitudinal eigenvalue stability is
analyzed in a continuous range of flight envelope with varying parameter of True airspeed and
altitude, instead of a single point, like classical methods. This is known as the aeroelastic stability
envelope, required for civil aircraft certification as given by the Circular Advisory “Aeroelastic
Stability Substantiation of Transport Category Airplanes AC No: 25.629-18”. In this new
methodology the analysis is performed in time domain based on Lyapunov stability and solved by
convex optimization algorithms by using the linear matrix inequalities to evaluate the eigenvalue
stability, which is reduced to search for the negative eigenvalues in a region of flight envelope. It can
also be used to study the stability of a system during an arbitrary motion from one point to another in
the flight envelope. A whole aircraft analysis results’ for its entire envelope are presented in the form
of graphs, thus offering good readability, and making them easily exploitable.
Key Words: Eigenvalue Stability, Aeroelastic Stability, Flight Control Clearance, Robustness
Analysis
NOMENCLATURE
A, B, C, D = State space matrices
P = Positive Definite Matrix
ℝ = Real number field
ℂ = Complex number field
ℕ = Integer number field
Comparative Analysis Program for Experimental and
Calculated Data
Ion DIMA*,1, Mihaela NASTASE1, Stefan HOTHAZIE1,

Ionut-Cosmin ONCESCU1, Camelia Elena MUNTEANU1,
Alexandru-Mihai CISMILIANU1
1
INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”,
B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, Bucharest 061126, Romania,
dima.ion@incas.ro*, nastase.mihaela@incas.ro, hothazie.stefan@incas.ro,
oncescu.cosmin@incas.ro, munteanu.camelia@incas.ro,
cismilianu.alexandru@incas.ro
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.6

Abstract: This article aims to provide an interactive in-house tool to quickly asses the stress in the
critical points of the aeronautical structures. The software compares the results between the stress
values obtained from the experimental tests using the resistive electrical tensometry technique (RET)
and the stress values calculated with FEM software. RET refers to the stress and strains measured by
strain gauges applied to the critical points of the structures. The finite element analysis was carried-
out with MSC. PATRAN/ NASTRAN using shell and solid elements in order to identify the critical
points based on the stress and strain results. The validation of the results obtained by the finite
element modelling has been made experimentally using the resistive electrical tensometry method. The
results from these two methods have been compared with the in-house software developed in Visual
Basic with Excel interface. The program evaluates the relative error between the experimental and
calculated data at critical points.
Key Works: finite element method, resistive electrical tensometry method, strain gauge, critical points
of structures, Visual Basic, in-house software, comparative analysis, RET
1. INTRODUCTION
The finite element method is one of the efficient and well-known numerical methods for
various engineering problems. Over the past 30 years it has been used to solve many types of
problems. Finite element results are validated with either analytical solution or experimental
studies. FEM method is satisfactory when the component loads are known both qualitatively
and quantitatively.
Problems arise particularly where the loads are unknown or where they can only be
roughly approximated. Formerly the risk of overloading was countered by using safety
margins, i.e. through over dimensioning. However, modern design strategies demand savings
in material, partly for reasons of cost and partly to save weight; this is clearly illustrated in
aeronautics. In order to satisfy the safety requirements and to provide an adequate
The Origin of Shear Turbulence
Horia DUMITRESCU1, Vladimir CARDOS*,1
1
“Gheorghe Mihoc – Caius Iacob” Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Applied
Mathematics of the Romanian Academy,
Calea 13 Septembrie no. 13, 050711 Bucharest, Romania,
dumitrescu.horia@yahoo.com, v_cardos@yahoo.ca*
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.7
Received: 02 October 2017/ Accepted: 23 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Abstract: Previously, the turbulent flows were studied as they have been disregarding their origin,
and without looking into some of the details of the mechanism of turbulence production and
sustainment. This approach focusing its attention particularly on the details of the fluctuating motion
superimposed on the main motion led to most of controversial and misunderstood results from which
the law of equal action and reaction, and the circulation-conserving were excluded. The paper is
aiming at removing these drawbacks and presenting the turbulence phenomenon as a mechanical
process triggered off at the beginning of motion. The fluid as deformable continuum without a definite
shape must be guided by some physical surfaces, where the rotor-translational motion approximation
is more suited than the no-acceleration parallel flow approximation. The main features of shear
turbulence are described by means of the mechanical prototype of a perturbed rotor-translational
motion continuously self-accelerating at wall and conserving the mass and angular momentum .
Key Words: Laminar-turbulent transition, Shear turbulence, Rotor-translational flow model.
1. INTRODUCTION
Any motion, both of solids and fluids that starts from rest is the result of an impact process
occurring during the momentum exchange between two colliding bodies within a short time
of contact. This kind of collision will be called starting impact in the sequel. With respect to
a single impacted body or structure, the loading in such a process acts with high intensity
during this short period of time. As a result, the initial velocity distribution is rapidly
changed inducing locally pressure wave loadings. Such rapid loading in the contacting area
is a source where waves are emitted and that propagate with finite speeds through the body.
In the case of sufficiently small amplitudes (in the far field), linear elastic body waves
propagate with the speed of sound waves. In the near field, if the body force is absent/
unimportant or has the analogous representation by means of the Helmholtz force potentials
k  grad b  curl B , the local perturbation propagates as a wave packet/group at the interface
of bodies containing the fast longitudinal L-waves and the slower transverse T-waves [1].
However, a further complication arises when the impact is a ballistic type one that acts on
the micro structural change with non-Gaussian behavior of the molecular thermal
agitation/energy [2]. In the near field large deformations with non-linear material behavior
occurred that may even render fracturing of solid material and turbulence of fluids. The
Controlling the Motion of a Planar 3-DOF Manipulator
Using PID Controllers
Thien Van NGUYEN*,1, Dan N. DUMITRIU1,2, Ion STROE1
*,1“POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Department of Mechanics,
313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest 060042, Romania,
bangden33468@gmail.com*, ion.stroe@gmail.com
2
Institute of Solid Mechanics of the Romanian Academy,
15 Constantin Mille, Bucharest 010141, Romania,
dumitriu@imsar.bu.edu.ro
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.8
Received: 24 April 2017/ Accepted: 17 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Abstract: This paper mainly presents a method to model the 3-DOF manipulator with PID controller
in Matlab-SimMechanics and the way to find out optimal parameters in the PID controller including:
proportional gain, integral gain and derivative gain using the genetic algorithm (GA). For that aim,
the 3-DOF manipulator will be simulated in order to perform a given task. The results achieved from
the model show that difficulties in tuning parameters of PID controller can be solved using GA, while
SimMechanics is considered as a good virtual experiment tool for simulating an arbitrary mechanism.
Key Words: Manipulator, GA, SimMechanics, parameters, PID controller
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the role of robots is more and more important thanks to their application in
replacing people in hard and hazardous works. Therefore the study of manipulators modeling
and control is very important. In recent years, the control of manipulators has attracted
increased attention. For instance, Hossein Sadegh Lafmejani and Hassan Zarabadipour used
a PID controller [4], which was linearized by feedback linearization to control the position of
a 3-DOF articulated manipulator. Meanwhile, based on the approach proposed by Sciavicco
and Siciliano [3], Le Tien Dung, Hee-Jun Kang, Young-Shick Ro ([2]) used a PD controller
with online Gravity compensation to control the position of a 2-DOF manipulator.
The control methods can be classified into three main categories: Traditional feedback
controls (PD and PID controls) [6,7]; Adaptive control [8,9]; Iterative learning control (ILC)
[15,16]. Besides, there are some other control methods: robust control, inverse dynamics
control and switching control. Among those, the PID controllers are widely used thanks to
their simplicity and transparence. However, one of the most common difficulties when using
the PID controllers is to determine the optimal parameters, i.e: the proportional gain K p , the
integral gain K i , and the derivative gain K d because of the constantly changing of the
system parameters in almost all processes. Thus, GA is one of the well-known approaches
Drop dispensing in a viscous outer liquid
Claudiu PATRASCU*,1, Eugen CHIRIAC1, Corneliu BALAN1
1
“POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, REOROM Group,
claudiu.t.patrascu@gmail.com*, eugencchiriac@gmail.com, corneliu.balan@upb.ro
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.9

Abstract: The formation and detachment of Newtonian drops in viscous external liquids is
investigated. A global analysis of two necking processes is presented in order to highlight the
behavior of such thinning phenomena, when controlled either by inertia or by viscous effects. Moving
detached droplets in an immiscible outer liquid were studied in terms of velocity and drop-travel
distance. Theoretical predictions are proposed and compared with experimental data for the volume
of the drop and for the subsequent dynamics that follow after detachment. Our investigations point out
that the drop rapidly achieves constant velocity, the value of it being in a satisfactory agreement with
the model. Both the influence of the flow rate and that of the material properties on drop volume are
pursued.
Key Words: capillarity, drop formation, filament thinning, drop detachment
1. INTRODUCTION
Controlled drop generation is a subject of high practical impact with direct applications in
pharmaceutical industry, ink-jet printing and food processing. In all cases precise dosing is
required. This results in a need of knowledge regarding drop volumes and drop breakup
times. Furthermore, drop generation in a viscous outer liquid is a subject that needs both
theoretical and experimental attention.
Depending on the relative balance between inertia and interfacial tension, dispensing a
liquid through a nozzle can take place in the form of a dripping or a jetting regime [1]. In
both cases drops are created, the drop size distributions having different theoretical
backgrounds. We can physically describe a pendant drop (Fig.1-a) by the magnitude of the
buoyancy reduced force of gravity relative to interfacial tension [2]. These are incorporated
into a non-dimensional parameter called Worthington number, which can be seen as the
well-known Bond number, having as characteristic length scale lc:
Wo  (i  e ) gVD / 2R0 , Bo  (i  e ) glc  , with lc  VD 2R0
2
(1)
where the symbols represent: the density of the inner and outer liquid  i ,  e , the volume of
the drop VD , the inner radius of the nozzle R0 , and  the interfacial tension. When the
buoyancy reduced force of gravity overcomes the interfacial tension that holds the drop to
the capillary tip, the drop will start to detach (Fig. 1-b). The breakup process is driven by
111 T E C H N I C A L -S C I E N T I F I C N O T E S a n d R E P O R T S
T ECHNICAL -S CIENTIFIC N OTES and R EPORTS
Supersonic and transonic Mach probe for calibration control in
the Trisonic Wind Tunnel
Alexandru Marius PANAIT*
INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”, Flow Physics
Department, Trisonic Wind Tunnel Unit,
B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, Bucharest 061126, Romania,
panait.marius@incas.ro
DOI: 10.13111/2066-8201.2017.9.4.10

Abstract: A supersonic and high speed transonic Pitot Prandtl is described as it can be implemented
in the Trisonic Wind Tunnel for calibration and verification of Mach number precision. A new
calculation method for arbitrary precision Mach numbers is proposed and explained. The probe is
specially designed for the Trisonic wind tunnel and would greatly simplify obtaining a precise Mach
calibration in the critical high transonic and low supersonic regimes, where typically wind tunnels
exhibit poor performance. The supersonic Pitot Prandtl combined probe is well known in the
aerospace industry, however the proposed probe is a derivative of the standard configuration,
combining a stout cone-cylinder probe with a supersonic Pitot static port which allows this
configuration to validate the Mach number by three methods: conical flow method – using the
pressure ports on a cone generatrix, the Schlieren-optical method of shock wave angle
photogrammetry and the Rayleigh supersonic Pitot equation, while having an aerodynamic blockage
similar to that of a scaled rocket model commonly used in testing. The proposed probe uses an
existing cone-cylinder probe forebody and support, adding only an afterbody with a support for a
static port.
Key Words: Supersonic Pitot Prandtl, transonic Mach number measurement, Mach calibration and
validation in transonic regimes, calculation method, numeric method
1. INTRODUCTION
The supersonic Pitot Prandtl tube appeared as a necessary adaptation to circumvent the
limitations of the method of speed measurement for gas flows in the high-speed regimes
where Bernoulli’s equations do no longer apply. The classic theory of compressible subsonic
flows works for flow speeds up to the establishment of the first shock wave when the
isentropic principle is violated. For supersonic speeds, any type of body that exhibits a sharp
edge, point or slope causes a complex of expansion and simple waves that culminate in a
shock wave. The shock wave is a discontinuity point in the flow where energy is lost to
thermal processes as flow parameters jump from the free flow to the post-shock values. This
regime where shock waves appear is governed by a different set of laws but is by no means
sudden and uniform but partial and complicated, where subsonic flow co-exists with
transient phenomena of flow separation and re-attachment etc. and, in consequence, as the
122

123 INDEX
I NDEX
A
ANGHEL Viorel, p. 3 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Strength of
Materials Department, Splaiul Independenţei 313, 060042,
Bucharest, Romania, vanghel10@gmail.com
B
BALAN Corneliu, p. 101 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, REOROM
Group, Splaiul Independenţei 313, 060042, Bucharest,
Romania, corneliu.balan@upb.ro
BERBENTE Corneliu, p. 11 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Faculty of
Aerospace Engineering, Polizu no.1-6, RO-011061,
Bucharest, Romania, berbente@yahoo.com
BERBENTE Sorin, p. 11 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Faculty of
Aerospace Engineering, Polizu no.1-6, RO-011061,
Bucharest, Romania and INCAS – National Institute for
Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”, Iuliu Maniu Blvd 220,
Bucharest 061126, Romania, sun_so@yahoo.com
BORDEI Ana-Maria, p. 21 – “POLITEHNICA” University Bucharest, Splaiul
Independenţei 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania,
bordei_ana_maria@yahoo.com
BOTEZ Ruxandra Mihaela, p. 31, 45 – ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and
AeroServoElasticity LARCASE, 1100 Notre Dame West,
Montreal, Que., Canada, H3C-1K3,
Ruxandra.Botez@etsmtl.ca
BOUGHARI Yamina, p. 31, 45 – ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and
yamina.boughari.1@ens.etsmtl.ca
C
CARDOS Vladimir, p. 75 – “Gheorghe Mihoc – Caius Iacob” Institute of Mathematical
Statistics and Applied Mathematics of the Romanian
Academy, Calea 13 Septembrie no. 13, 050711 Bucharest,
Romania, v_cardos@yahoo.ca
CHIRIAC Eugen, p. 101 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, REOROM
Romania, eugencchiriac@gmail.com
CISMILIANU Alexandru-Mihai, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Carafoli”, B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, Bucharest 061126,
Romania, cismilianu.alexandru@incas.ro
D
DIMA Ion, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Romania, dima.ion@incas.ro

INDEX 124
DUMITRESCU Horia, p. 75 – “Gheorghe Mihoc – Caius Iacob” Institute of Mathematical

Statistics and Applied Mathematics of the Romanian
Academy, Calea 13 Septembrie no. 13, 050711 Bucharest,
Romania, dumitrescu.horia@yahoo.com
DUMITRIU N. Dan, p. 91 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Department of
Mechanics, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest 060042,
Romania and Institute of Solid Mechanics of the Romanian
Academy, 15 Constantin Mille, Bucharest 010141, Romania,
dumitriu@imsar.bu.edu.ro
G
GHAZI Georges, p. 31, 45 – ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and
H
HALANAY Andrei, p. 21 – “POLITEHNICA” University Bucharest, Splaiul
Independenţei 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania,
halanay@mathem.pub.ro
HOTHAZIE Stefan, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Romania, hothazie.stefan@incas.ro
M
MUNTEANU Camelia Elena, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Carafoli”, Iuliu Maniu Blvd 220, Bucharest 061126,
Romania, munteanu.camelia@incas.ro
N
NASTASE Mihaela, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Romania, nastase.mihaela@incas.ro
NGUYEN Thien Van, p. 91 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Department of
Romania, bangden33468@gmail.com
O
ONCESCU Ionut-Cosmin, p. 59 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Romania, oncescu.ionut@incas.ro
P
PANAIT Alexandru Marius, p. 113 – INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Carafoli”, Flow Physics Department, Trisonic Wind Tunnel
Unit, B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, Bucharest 061126, Romania,
panait.marius@incas.ro
PATRASCU Claudiu, p. 101 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, REOROM
Romania, claudiu.t.patrascu@gmail.com

125 INDEX
S
STROE Ion, p. 91 – “POLITEHNICA” University of Bucharest, Department of
Romania, ion.stroe@gmail.com
T
THEEL Florian, p. 31, 45 – ETS, Laboratory of Active Controls, Avionics and
Montreal, Que., Canada, H3C-1K3, f.theel@gmail.com

126

INCAS BULLETIN
Instructions and editing model
The INCAS BULLETIN of the INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie
Carafoli” publishes:
1) FULL PAPERS. Presentation of significant researches, developments, or
applications in the aerospace field, namely:
■ Fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, theory of flight, gas dynamics,

aerothermodynamics, combustion, hydromechanics.
■ Rarefied atmosphere flight, optimization of space path, computing of orbits,

optimization of interorbital transfer, impact of space vehicles with meteorites,
astrorelativity.
■ Strength of materials, elasticity, plasticity, aeroelasticity, static and dynamic

analysis of structures, vibrations and impact.
■ Systems, mechatronics and control in aerospace.
■ Materials and tribology.
■ Kinematics and dynamics of mechanisms, friction, lubrication.
■ Measurement technique.
■ Aeroacoustics, ventilation, wind motors.
■ Management in Aerospace Activities.
2) TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC NOTES and REPORTS. Includes: case studies, technical-

scientific notes and reports on published areas (max. 16 pages, min. 4 pages in
the journal format).
3) INCAS NEWS. Promote and emphasise INCAS technical base and achievements.
4) BOOK REVIEWS.
INCAS BULLETIN
1. PAGE FORMAT
Page setup: Margins: Top – 2 cm, Bottom – 2 cm, Left – 1.5 cm, Right – 1.5 cm, apply to
whole document; Paper size: 17.525.5 cm; Orientation: Portrait; Layout: Section:
Continuous, Header and Footer: 1.27 cm, Different odd and even pages, Different first page,
Vertical Alignment: Top.
128
INCAS BULLETIN
2. MAIN TITLE
Font: Times New Roman, 16, bold, centred, spacing before: none.
3. THE AUTHORS
Names, style. Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt, regular, centred; first name − regular, family
name − all caps; alignment: centred; spacing: before − 18 pt, after − 12 pt. A comma
separates the names.
Affiliation with addresses, style. For a single affiliation, no superscript number is
necessary. In case of different authors, from different institutions, one marks every name by
a number of asterisks (like exponents). The legends of these asterisks (the affiliations with
addresses), will be indicated under authors lines. When there are several authors, note the
Corresponding author (affiliation, address, e-mail) under the author lines. Use the style:
Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt, regular, centred.
4. ABSTRACT AND KEYWORDS

Font: Times New Roman, 10 pt, italic. Paragraph: justify; spacing: before − 24 pt, line
spacing: single.
The Abstract is followed by the Key Words, the distance between them is 6 pt, and the
distance between Key Words and the first chapter is 18 pt.
5. CHAPTERS TITLES
The chapters are countered beginning with: 1. XXXX, using the style: font: Times New
Roman, 12 pt, bold, all caps; paragraph: alignment: centered; spacing: before − 18 pt, after −
6 pt.
6. PAPER’S TEXT
Font: Times New Roman, 11 pt. Paragraph: alignment: justified. The first paragraph in the
chapter is non indented. Indentation for the following paragraphs: first line 0,7 cm. Line
spacing: single.
Original and high-standard scientific papers shall be drawn up in a concise style,
avoiding any oversized introduction.
7. FIGURES, TABLES
Figures and Tables shall be introduced at their appropriate place in the text and shall not be
larger than a page width (17.5 cm) each. The legend of figures is included bellow the figure
(centered) and for tables before, both with the style: Font: Times New Roman, 9 pt, regular;
paragraph: spacing: before − 6 pt, after − 6 pt, alignment: centered.
Landscape tables are not accepted.
129
INCAS BULLETIN
8. EQUATIONS AND FORMULAS
Table 1 – For formulas and equation, use only a Microsoft Equation Editor 3.0 with these settings:
Variable quantities and universal constants italic: x, y, z, c, h,
Variable Greek quantities regular: , , , , α, β, η, ω
Variable indexes italic: i, j, k, p, q, m, n
Numerical indexes regular: 1, 2, ...
Indexes arising from physical quantities italic: r, v, t, p, x, y, z
Indexes arising from the text regular: ext, int, e, i
Variable greek indexes regular
italic: c, k, …
Latin constants
regular: 0, 10, const., e, i =  1
Greek constants regular: π, ε, μ, σ, τ, α, β, η, ω
regular: div, grad, curl, log, exp, sin, cos, ln, lg, tan,
cotan; or, regular + italic, such as: J n  x  , K  k 
Well-known operators and functions
Generic functions italic: f(x), g(z)

Spatial vectors, matrices, tensors italic + bold: u, M
Transpose matrices italic + bold + regular: AT
dx
Differential regular: dx, dV,
dt
Partial derivative regular: 
It is strongly recommended to use a table with one row and two columns: in the first
column, one writes the equation and in the second, the equation’s number. Table: Insert
table: number of columns: 2; number of rows: 1; space between column s: 0 cm, alignment:
Centered; Width of Column 2: 1 cm. Spacing before: 6 pt; spacing after: 6 pt, format border:
none.
Table 2 –The following Setup instructions are recommended:
Line spacing 150%
Matrix row spacing 150%
Matrix column spacing 50%
Superscript height 35%
Format + Spacing Subscript height 25%
Limit height 25%
Limit depth 100%
Spacing adjustment 150%
Embellishment gap 1.5 pt
Text Times New Roman
Function Times New Roman
Style + Define Variable Times New Roman italic
LC. Greek Symbol
UC. Greek Symbol
130
INCAS BULLETIN
Symbol Symbol
Matrix + Vector Times New Roman bold + italic
Number Times New Roman
Full 11
Sub + Superscript 7
Size + Define Sub-Sub + Superscript 6
Symbol 18
Sub-Symbol 12
9. REFERENCES LIST
The title, REFERENCES, will be printed as chapter title. Style: font: Times New Roman,
regular, 9 pt; paragraph: alignment: justified, special: hanging 1 cm; line spacing: single.
Numbered.
Inside the text, the books or the revues from REFERENCES List are referred between
square brackets: [1], [23].
The formats for references without authors and for referencing articles in journals,
books, articles in books and proceedings are:
[1] *** European Aviation Safety Agency. CS-25, Airworthiness codes for large aero-planes, October 2003.
Available at www.easa.eu.int.
[2] C. Ohtar, A. Fujita, P. N. Nikiforov and M. K. Santa, Active flutter suppression for two-dimensional airfoils,
Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 283-293, 1991.
[3] T. R. Nail, A disturbance-rejection problem for a 3-D airfoil exhibiting flutter, Thesis, Virginia Tech., 2000.
[4] J. J. Black and H. Rilliatt, Active control of a structure, AIAA Paper 99-0036.
[5] R. Sind and M. Krenner, Robust aeroservoelastic stability analysis, Springer, London, 2000.
[6] P. Santorini, Nonlinear Control Systems, London, UK, Springer-Verlag, 3rd ed., 2005.
[7] R. Ceaikovski and P. Soznovski, Neural approximation: a control perspective, in Neural Network
Engineering in Dynamic Control Systems, K. Runt, G. Irwin and F. Warwick (Eds.), Springer, 1995.
[8] F. Rudin, The method of statistical linearization for nonlinear stochastic vibration, in F. Ziegler and G. I.
Schuller (Eds), Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamic Engineering Systems, pp. 45-56, IUTAM Symposium on
Nonlinear stochastic dynamic engineering, Innsbruck, Austria, June 21-26, 1987, Springer Verlag, 1988.
10. RECEIVING DATE

It will be placed at the end of the article with the following style: Font: Times New Roman,
9 pt, italic; paragraph: alignment: right, line spacing: before: 12 pt.
11. THE FORWARDING

The whole responsibility for the accuracy of calculations, experimental data and scientific
interpretation belongs entirely to the authors.
The author declares on his own responsibility that the paper has not been previously
published elsewhere.
The manuscripts (at most 16 pages), edited using Microsoft Office Word 2010 and
Microsoft Equation Editor 3.0 or 3.1, must be sending by e-mail to the editorial secretary,
Elena NEBANCEA, e-mail: nebancea.elena@incas.ro / eneba@incas.ro
A model of paper editing can be found at the following web address:
http://bulletin.incas.ro/notes_for_authors.html (online) ISSN 2247-4528 or
http://www.incas.ro (Publications / INCAS BULLETIN)
131
http://bulletin.incas.ro/
PUBLICATION ETHICS AND PUBLICATION MALPRACTICE STATEMENT
INCAS BULLETIN is dedicated to the dissemination of the results of original and innovative
research concerning the aerospace sciences.
INCAS BULLETIN subscribes to the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice for Scholarly
Publications of the Committee on Publication Ethics, the Directory of Open Access Journals, the
Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.
This is an academic journal addressed to the local and international community and is committed to
the highest standards of publication ethics and quality of articles in publication. INCAS BULLETIN
takes all possible measures against any publication malpractices.
Thus, it is important to ensure that all parties involved in the act of publishing agree upon standards of
expected ethical behavior.
Responsibilities for the Authors:

 the Author(s) warrant that the article submitted is an original work and that has not been
published previously;
 the Authors(s) should ensure that the manuscript meets the terms of the Guidelines for Authors
regarding appropriate academic citation and transliteration and that no copyright infringement
occurs;
 the Authors(s) should inform the editors about any errors they subsequently discover in their
manuscript.
Responsibilities for the Editors and the Editorial Board:

 the Editors, together with the Editorial Board, are responsible for deciding upon the publication or
rejection of the submitted manuscripts based only on their originality, significance and relevance
to the domains of the journal;
 the Editors evaluate the manuscripts' compliance with academic criteria, the domains of the
journal and the guidelines (see Instruction and editing model for INCAS BULLETIN)
 the Editors must at all times respect the confidentiality of any information pertaining to the
submitted manuscripts;
 the Editors assign the review of each manuscript to two anonymous reviewers who are chosen
according to their domains of expertise;
 the Editors must take into account any conflict of interest reported by the authors and the
reviewers.
Responsibilities for the Reviewers:

 the Reviewers must objectively evaluate the manuscripts based only on their originality,
significance and relevance to the domains of the journal;
 the Reviewers must in due time supply clear, objective and relevant comments and
recommendations meant to improve the content of the submitted manuscript;
 the Reviewers must at all times respect the confidentiality of any information pertaining to the
submitted manuscripts;
 the Reviewers should inform the Editors about any conflict of interests.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017, pp. 132 (P) ISSN 2066-8201, (E) ISSN 2247-4528
http://bulletin.incas.ro/
 INCAS BULLETIN is Open Access (OA).
 INCAS BULLETIN is indexed in International Databases (BDI):
‒ Index Copernicus™ - Journals Master List
‒ ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Journals,

‒ ProQuest Illustrata: Technology, ProQuest SciTech Journals, and
‒ ProQuest Technology Journals databases
Database WorldCat Library
 Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving in SHERPA/RoMEO

 Journal License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Visit the Journal webpage to:

 Find out more about the Journal
 Read the Instruction for Authors
 All submitted papers are peer-reviewed
 Submit your latest research to INCAS BULLETIN at:
http://bulletin.incas.ro/index.html
Contact Details
Editor –in –chief: Full Professor, PhD, Eng. BOTEZ Mihaela Ruxandra
University of Quebec, Department of Automated production Engineering,
H3C 1K3 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
E-mail: Ruxandra.Botez@etsmtl.ca
Canada
Publisher: INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”
B-dul Iuliu Maniu 220, 061126 Bucharest,
Romania
Phone: +4021 4340083, Fax: +4021 4340082
Contact person: NEBANCEA Elena
Editorial office: NEBANCEA Elena
Editorial secretary and webmaster
INCAS  National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”
Phone: +4021 4340083, Fax: +4021 4340082
E-mail: nebancea.elena@incas.ro

INCAS BULLETIN Vol 9 Issue 4 Internet First PG

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

INCAS BULLETIN Vol 9 Issue 4 Internet First PG

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

http://bulletin.incas.

 Journal License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Publisher: INCAS – National Institute for Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”

Registration code: (Online) ISSN 2247-4528 http://bulletin.incas.ro/index.html

INCAS – NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH “ELIE CARAFOLI”

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

F ULL P APERS ………………………………………………………………. 1

 Corneliu BERBENTE, Sorin BERBENTE, Possible Simple Structures of the

 Yamina BOUGHARI, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ, Florian THEEL, Georges

 Yamina BOUGHARI, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ, Florian THEEL, Georges

 Ion DIMA, Mihaela NASTASE, Stefan HOTHAZIE, Ionut-Cosmin ONCESCU,

T ECHNICAL -S CIENTIFIC N OTES AND R EPORTS ………………..... 111

I N D E X ….…………………………………………..…………………… ……. 123

I N S T RU CT I O NS AND E D I T I N G M O D E L ……………………………… ….. 127

P UBLICATION E THICS A ND P UBLICATION M ALPRACTICE S TATEMENT 132

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

Received: 23 October 2017/ Accepted: 31 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Corneliu BERBENTE*,1, Sorin BERBENTE1,2

Received: 23 October 2017/ Accepted: 13 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Ana-Maria BORDEI*,1, Andrei HALANAY1

Received: 21 October 2017/ Accepted: 20 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Yamina BOUGHARI1, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ*,1, Florian THEEL1,

Received: 21 October 2017/ Accepted: 07 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Yamina BOUGHARI1, Ruxandra Mihaela BOTEZ*,1, Florian THEEL1,

Received: 21 October 2017/ Accepted: 07 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Ion DIMA*,1, Mihaela NASTASE1, Stefan HOTHAZIE1,

Received: 18 October 2017/ Accepted: 14 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

Horia DUMITRESCU1, Vladimir CARDOS*,1

Received: 02 October 2017/ Accepted: 23 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Thien Van NGUYEN*,1, Dan N. DUMITRIU1,2, Ion STROE1

Received: 24 April 2017/ Accepted: 17 October 2017/ Published: December 2017

Claudiu PATRASCU*,1, Eugen CHIRIAC1, Corneliu BALAN1

Received: 18 October 2017/ Accepted: 17 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

T ECHNICAL -S CIENTIFIC N OTES and R EPORTS

Alexandru Marius PANAIT*

Received: 23 October 2017/ Accepted: 15 November 2017/ Published: December 2017

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

DUMITRESCU Horia, p. 75 – “Gheorghe Mihoc – Caius Iacob” Institute of Mathematical

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

INCAS BULLETIN, Volume 9, Issue 4/ 2017

■ Fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, theory of flight, gas dynamics,

■ Rarefied atmosphere flight, optimization of space path, computing of orbits,

■ Strength of materials, elasticity, plasticity, aeroelasticity, static and dynamic

■ Systems, mechatronics and control in aerospace.

■ Materials and tribology.

■ Kinematics and dynamics of mechanisms, friction, lubrication.

■ Aeroacoustics, ventilation, wind motors.

■ Management in Aerospace Activities.

2) TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC NOTES and REPORTS. Includes: case studies, technical-

4. ABSTRACT AND KEYWORDS

Generic functions italic: f(x), g(z)

10. RECEIVING DATE

11. THE FORWARDING

Responsibilities for the Authors:

Responsibilities for the Editors and the Editorial Board:

Responsibilities for the Reviewers:

‒ Index Copernicus™ - Journals Master List

‒ ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Journals,

Database WorldCat Library

 Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving in SHERPA/RoMEO

Visit the Journal webpage to: