Pendahuluan
y Manajemen SDM di dalam proyek didasarkan pada
j p y p
kemampuan :
y Leading
y Communicating
y Negotiating
y Problem solving
y Influencing
y Manajer proyek bertanggung jawa untuk memotovasi
anggota dalam penyelesaian sebuah proyek seoptimal
mingkin.
y Tanggung jawab Manajemen SDM proyek menjadi
tanggung jawab bersama.
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Aktifitas dalam Manajemen SDM Proyek
y Perencanaan SDM dan Organisasi
y Rekruitmen SDM
y Mengembangkan Team SDM
y Mengelola Team SDM
Perencanaan SDM dan Organisasi
y Mengidentifikasi orang‐orang yang terlibat dalam
Mengidentifikasi orang orang yang terlibat dalam
proyek berkaitan dengan aturan proyek, tanggung
jawab dan pelaporan dalam tem proyek
y Perencanaan organisasi berhubungan dengan internal
stakeholder dan juga eksternal stakeholder.
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Perencanaan SDM dan Organisasi
Identifikasi Antarmuka Proyek
y Merupakan orang dan kelompok dimana proyek manajer
d
dan team proyek akan bekerja untuk menyelesaikan proyek
k k b k j k l ik k
y Organizational interfaces These are the folks within the
performing organization that the project team will work with to
complete the project work. For example, a project to install a
centralized, real‐time database for customer orders and
manufacturing will require the Sales, Finance, Manufacturing, and
Information Technology organizational units to be involved.
y Technical interfaces The technical interfaces describe the
relationship between the project and the technical disciplines
relationship between the project and the technical disciplines'
input to the project. Consider a project to create a new building. The
technical interfaces would include architects, mechanical
engineers, structural engineers, and others.
y Interpersonal Interfaces Interpersonal interfaces describe the
reporting relationship among the people working on the project.
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Identifying the Staffing Requirements
y Every project needs people to complete the work.
yp j p p p
y Staffing requirements are the identified roles needed
on a project to complete the assigned work.
y For example, a project to install a new telephone
system throughout a campus would require a
menagerie of workers with varying skill sets: hardware
and software gurus, telephony experts, electricians,
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installers, and others.
Identifying the Project Constraints
y Organizational
structure
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Cont…
y Collective bargaining agreements The contractual agreements between
employee groups, unions, or other labor organizations may serve as a
employee groups unions or other labor organizations may serve as a
constraint on the project.
y Project Management Preferences If a project manager has had success
with the organization and management of a project team in the past, the
project manager will most likely want to re‐create the success by following
the same model.
y Staffing Based on the competencies and talent of the project team, the
assignments to activities are created. Project organization, scheduling, and
workflow are often dependent on the abilities of the project team.
y Procurement When a particular qualification, skill, or specific person is
When a particular qualification skill or specific person is
requested as part of the project requirement, this requirement becomes a
constraint on the project.
Relating to Organizational Theories
y Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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Cont…
y Maslow's five layers of needs, from the bottom‐up, are
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y Physiological The necessities to live: air, water, food,
clothing, and shelter.
y Safety People need safety and security; this can include
stability in life, work, and culture.
y Social People are social creatures and need love, approval,
and friends.
y Esteem People strive for the respect, appreciation, and
approval of others.
approval of others
y Self‐actualization At the pinnacle of needs, people seek
personal growth, knowledge, and fulfillment.
Herzberg's Theory of Motivation
y According to Frederick Herzberg, a psychologist and authority on
the motivation of work, there are two catalysts for success with
people:
y Hygiene agents These elements are the expectations all workers
have: job security, a paycheck, clean and safe working conditions, a
sense of belonging, civil working relationships, and other basic
attributes associated with employment.
y Motivating agents These are the elements that motivate people to
excel. They include responsibility, appreciation of work,
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recognition, the chance to excel, education, and other opportunities
associated with work other than just financial rewards.
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Cont..
McGregor's Theory of X and Y
y McGregor's Theory states that management
b li
believes there are two types of workers, good and
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bad
y X is bad. These people need to be watched all the time,
micromanaged, and distrusted. X people avoid work,
responsibility, and have no ability to achieve.
y Y is good. These people are self‐led, motivated, and can
accomplish new tasks proactively.
li h t k ti l
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Cont..
Examining Organizational Planning Results
y Creating the Role and Responsibility
Assignments
y There are slick definitions for roles and responsibility:
y Role Who does what
y Responsibility Who decides what
y The assignment of the roles and responsibilities determines
what actions the project manager project team member or
what actions the project manager, project team member, or
individual contributor will have in the project.
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Creating a Staffing Management Plan
y The staffing management plan details how project team members
will be brought onto the project and excused from the project.
will be brought onto the project and excused from the project
Cont..
y The staffing management plan should
g g p
y Detail how project team members are brought onto and
released from the project
y Account for employees' time on the project
y Use employees as needed, and when needed
y Remove or reduce worries about employment by
communicating the expected need for resources
i i h d d f
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Creating an Organizational Chart
Managing Staff Acquisitions/Recruitment
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Examining the Staffing Pool
y The project manager should ask questions about:
y Experience What is the experience of the project team member?
Have they done similar work in the past‐and have they done it well?
y Interest level Are the project team members interested in working
on this project?
y Characteristics How will this individual team member work with
other project team members?
y Availability Will the project team members desired for the project
be available? Project managers should confer with functional
managers on the availability of the potential team member.
y Knowledge What is the competency and proficiency of the
available project team members?
Negotiating for Resources
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Assembling the Project Team
y Once the project team is built, a project team directory
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should be assembled. The project team directory
should include:
y The project team members' names
y Phone numbers
y E‐mail addresses
y Mailing addresses if non‐collocated
y Contact information for key stakeholders
y Any other relevant contact information for each team
member, such as photos, web addresses, and so on.
Developing the Project Team
y The project manager will rely on several pieces of
p j g y p
information to prepare for team development:
y Staff assignments The assignments of the project team
members define the skills of the project team members, their
need for development, and their ability to complete the
project work as individuals, and as part of the collective team.
y Project plan The project plan defines the expectations of the
project team, how the team will operate, and how the team
will be expected to communicate, function, and perform.
p , , p
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22/09/2007
Cont…
y Staffing management plan
g g p Recall that the staffing
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management plan details how project team members will be
brought onto the project and excused from the project.
y Performance reports As the project team completes work,
performance reports will reflect on the quality, timeliness,
and success of the project team.
y External Feedback When things are not well with project
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team members, stakeholders are often happy to tell the
b t k h ld ft h t t ll th
project manager.
Leading Project Team Development
y There are five types of powers the project manager
yields:
y Expert The authority of the project manager comes from
experience with the technology the project focuses on.
y Reward The project manager has the authority to reward the
project team.
y Formal The project manager has been assigned by senior
management and is in charge of the project. Also known as
positional power.
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y Coercive The project manager has the authority to discipline
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the project team members. This is also known as “penalty
power.” When the team is afraid of the project manager, it’s
coercive.
y Referent The project team personally knows the project
manager. Referent can also mean the project manager refers
to the person who assigned him the position—for example,
The CEO assigned me to this position so we ll do it this way.
“The CEO assigned me to this position so we’ll do it this way”
Dealing with Team Disagreements
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Training the Project Team
y The project team may require training to complete the
project work, function as a project team, or participate
in management skills such as finance or formal
communications. Training can include:
y Formal education
y Classroom training
y On‐the‐job training
On the job training
y Cross training (shadowing)
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