Plumbing 1.

Fast removal of the

waste with a minimum
- The “plumbing” of a probability of leakage
building, as the term is and stoppage of drains.
commonly used, includes 2. To prevent the entry of
the pipes for house vermin and obnoxious
distributing the water gases into the house from
supply,' the fixtures the pipping system.
for using water, and
drainage pipes for Mandatory Requirements for a
removing waste water and Drainage System
sewage, together with
All plumbing Design and
fittings and
installations are governed by
appurtenances of various
a set of rules and
kinds, all within or
limitations prescribed by the
adjacent to the
National Plumbing Code, which
building.
provides that:
“All drainage system must
Objectives of Plumbing:
conform with a set of
Two main objectives of requirements enumerated as
Plumbing follows”:

1. To supply water to 1. That, all pipe joints

different parts of the
building.
2. To remove and discharge
human wastes and other
substances out of the
building into the public
sewer or septic tank.
Conditions for an effective
water supply in Building
1. To provide sufficient
amount of water to
supply each fixture.
2. To prevent back flow of
used water into the
water supply system.
The Drainage system should
have accomplished the
following:
must be well fitted and
tightly connected with
each other to prevent
leakage of gas and
liquid.
2. That, the drainage pipe
should be graded or
inclined properly for a
downward gravity flow of
water towards the main
sewer line or to the
septic tank.
3. That, the drainage pipe
should be provided with
adequate cleanout,
accessible for repair in
case of stoppage
4. The drainage system must
be provided with
ventilation pipe that
will convey gases to the
 atmosphere where it can
do no harm to human
health.
5. That, except for water
closet, each fixture
shall be provided with
suitable trap that will
prevent back flow of
gases.
6. That, the drainage
system must be vented,
to avoid siphonage or
back flow of the water
seal.
THERE ARE THREE DEGREES OR
GRADES OF WASTE WATER
1. Storm Water- from the
rain.
2. Grey Water- wastes from
laundries, wash basins,
sinks, showers, bath tubs).
3. Black Water- water plus
human waste solid and
liquid, urine, that is
flushed out of
toilets and urinals.
PLUMBING CODES
Plumbing codes were created
to prevent illness and
death from unsanitary or
unsafe conditions in supply
of water and gases in
buildings and removal of
wastes in pipes.
Persons involved in the
design and installation of
plumbing systems should
check with all local code
authorities to determine
which code is in effect
prior to beginning a
project. Also, local
governmental authorities
should be contacted about
special regulations
relating to sewer and water
systems.
Those involved in the
design of plumbing systems
should also be familiar
with ANSI A117.1 and the
Americans with Disabilities
Act (ADA), which require
that provision be made in
buildings for accessibility
and usability of facilities
by the physically
handicapped.
Plumbing designers and
architects should work
together to assure strict
compliance
with these requirements.
General Regulation:
SECTION 164. GRADES OF HORIZONTAL
PIPING
All horizontal piping shall
be run in practical
alignment and at a uniform
grade of not less
than two 12%, 1 percent 20
mm rise per meter length,
and shall be supported or
anchored at intervals not
exceeding 3.00 m 110 feet).
All stacks shall be
properly supported at ·
 their bases and all pipes
shall be rigidly secured.
Two (2 inches) rise per
every one hundred (100
inches) length.
A soil branch having a pitch of more than 2%
has the tendency of waste separation.
The water flow faster and the heavy suspended
materials are left and deposited at the
bottom of the pipe.
SECTION 157. CHANGE IN DIRECTIONS
All changes in direction shall be made by the
appropriate use of forty-five (45°) degree
wyes, half wyes, long sweep quarter bends,
except that single sanitary tees may be used on
vertical stacks, and short quarter bends may be
used in $Oil and waste lines where
the change in the direction of flow is from the
horizontal to the vertical. Tees and
crosses may be used in vent pipes.
SECTION 158. PROHIBITED FITIINGS
No double hub, double T branch shall be
used on horizontal soil or waste line. The
drilling and tapJ)ing of house drains, soil
waste, or vent pipes and the use of saddle
hubs
and bends are prohibited
SECTION '\59. DEAD ENDS AVOIDED on
all drainage system installation
SECTION 1/3. LEAD PIPE
Joints in lead pipes between lead pipes and
brass or copper pipes, ferrules, soldering
nipples, bushings or traps, in all cases on
the sewer side of tne trap and in concealed
joints or the inlet side of the trap, shall be full
wiped joints, with an exposed surface of
the solder to _each side of the thickness at
the thickest ;>art of the joint of not less than
one
fourth( Y. " ) of an inch.
SECTION 174. LEAD TO CAST IRON,
STEEL OR W.l.
(Wrought Iron) - The joints shall be made
water tight by the use of copper, lead, or
galvanized iron plates on flashings.
SECTION 175. ROOF JOINTS -
The joints of protruding pipes thru roofs shall be
made water tight by the use of copper,
lead or glavanized iron plates or flashings.
connect with a single one and one hatf (l
1/ 21 inches trap. In no case shall the waste
from a bath tub or other fixtufJ discharge into a
wat8f closet trap. No fixture shall be double
trapped.

SECTION 176. SliP JOINTS AND UNIONS

Sltp Joints will be permitted only in tJap seats,or in
the inlet side of the trap. Unions on
the sewerside ofme trap shall be ground faced,
and shall not be concealed or enclosed.

SECTION 182. TRAPS WHERE REQUIRED

Following Traps required:
Each fixture shall be separately trapped by a
water-seal trap placed as near to the fixture Trap Clean outs, Pipe
as possible except that a set of similar fixtures
cleanouts, Grease traps,
consisting of not more than three (3)
wash basins, or a set of three 131 sinks may Garage Traps
Section 218: Roof Extensions
All roof extension of soul
and waste stacks shall be
run full size at least one
foot above the roof: if the
roof is used for purpose
other than weather
protection, such extension
shall not be less than (8)
feet above the roof level.
-Architectural utilities
plumbing and sanitary
The basic goal of the 1999 National
Plumbing Code of the Philippines is to
ensure the unqualified observance of the
latest provisions of the plumbing and
environmental laws.
Principle No. 1 A11
premises intended for human
habitation, occupancy or
use shall be provided with
a supply of pure and
wholesome water, neither
connected with unsafe water
supplies nor subject to
hazards of backflow or
back-siphonage
Principle No. 2 Plumbing
fixtures, devices and
appurtenances shall be
supplied with water in
sufficient volume and at
pressure adequate to enable
them to function
satisfactorily and without
undue noise under all
nonnal conditions ofuse.
Principle No.3 Plumbing
shall be designed and
adjusted to use the minimum
quantity of water
consistent with proper
performance and cleaning.
Principle No. 4 Devices for
heating and storing water
shall be so designed and
installed as to prevent
dangers from explosion
through overheating.
Principle No. 5 Every
building having plumbing
fixtures installed and
intended for human
habitation, occupancy or
usc on premises abutting on
a street, alley or easement
where there is a public
sewer, shall be connected
to the sewer system.
Principle No.6 Each frunily
dwelling unit on premises
abutting on a sewer or with
a private sewage-disposal
system shall have at least
one water closet and one
kitchen type sink. Further,
a lavatory and bathtub or
shower shall be installed
to meet the basic
requirements of sanitation
and personal hygiene.
Principle No.7 Plumbing
fixtures shall be made of
smooth nonabsorbent
material, free from
concealed fouling surfaces
and shall be located in
ventilated enclosures.
Principle No. 8 - The
drainage system shall be
designed, constructed and
maintained to safeguard
against fouling, deposit of
solids, clogging and with
adequate cleanouts so
arranged that the pipes may
be readily cleaned.
Principle No. 9 – All
piping of plumbing systems
shall be of durable
NAMPAPAPPROVED materials,
free form defective
workmanship, designed and
constructed by Registered
Master Plumbers to ensure
satisfactory service.
Principle No. 10 - Each
fixture directly connected
to the drainage system
shall be equipped with a
water-sealed trap
Section 108- PLUMBING
FIXTURES REQUIRED
Each building shall be
provided with sanitary
facilities in accordance
with best practice for
mobility of disabled
persons as provided in the
National Building Code of
the Philippines or by other
government departments
having jurisdiction.
PLUMBING FIXTURES
• Section 401 - MATERIALS-
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Quality of Fixture8 -
plumbing fixtures shall be
manufactured of dense,
durable, non-absorbent
materials and must have
smoot~ impervious surfaces,
free from
unnecessary concealed
fouling surfaces. Except as
permitted elsewhere in this
Code. all fixtures shall
conform in quality and
design to nationally
recognized applicable
standards or to other
approved standards
acceptable to the
Administrative Authority.
All porcelain enamel
surfaces on plumbi.ng
fixtures shall be acid
resistant (for the
convenience of users of
this Code, a list of
generally accepted Plumbing
Fixtures is included in
Table 14-4 Plumbing
Material Referenced
Standards.)
• Water closet bowls for
public use shall be the
elongated bowl types
equipped with
open-front seats. Water
closet seats shall be of
smooth nonabsorbent
material and properly sized
for the water closet bowl
used.
Section 404- STRAINERS AND
CONNEL"TTONS
404.1 Strainers -all
plumbing fixtures other
than water closets and
siphon action washdown or
blowout urinals, shall be
equipped with approved
strainers having an
approved waterway area. The
strainers serving shower
drains shall have waterway
equivalent to the area of
the tailpiece~ (meaning,
the sum of all the areas of
the perforations of the
strainer is equivalent to
the outlet area) .
404.2 Connections -
Fixtures having concealed
slip joint connections
shall be provided with an
access panel or utility at
least 0.3 meter in its
least dimension and
arranged so that the
connections are readily
accessible for inspection
and repair.
Section 406- SPECIAL FIXTURES
AND SPECIALTIES
406.1 Water Connections –
baptistries, ornamental and lily ponds,
aquaria, ornamental fountain basins and
similar constructions when provided
with water supplies connected to potable
water supply lines shall be protected
from back-siphonage.
406.2 Wastewater Drain - for
“sacrarium" cupsink at
church altar and
Baptistries font outlet
shall discharge direct to
the ground and not
connected
to the sanitary drainage
system.
Section 407- INSTALLATION
407.1 Cleaning - plumbing
fixture shall be installed
in a manner to provide easy
access for repair and
cleaning. Where practical,
all pipes from fixtures
shall be run parallel and
dose to the nearest wall or
building line.
407.2 Joints - where a fixture
comes in contact with the
wall or floor, the joint
between the fixture and
wall or floor shall be made
watertight.
407.3 Securing Fixtures - floor
outlet or floor mounted
fixtures shall be rigidly
secured on the drainage
connection and floor when
so designed with the use of
adequately-sized screws or
expansion bolts of copper,
brass or other equally
corrosion resistant
material.
 Section 411- WHIRLPOOL
BATHTUBS
Unless otherwise listed, all whirlpool
bathtubs shall comply with the
following requirements:
a) A removable panel of
sufficient dimension
shall be provided for
access to the pump;
b) The circulation pump
shall be located above
the crown weir of the
Trap.
c) The pump and the
circulation piping shall
be self-draining to
minimize water
retention.
Section 120l - SEWER REQUIRED
Every building in which plumbing are
installed and every premise having
drainage piping thereon, shall have a
connection to a public or private
excreta sewerage syste111., except as
provided in Subsections 1201.2 and
1201.4
By NSCP
Section 607 Wall Framing
The framing g of
exterior and interior walls
shall be in accordance with
provisions specified in
Section 620 unless a specific
design is furnished.
Wood studs walls and
bearing partitions shall not
support more than two floors
and a roof unless an analysis
satisfactory to the building
official shows the shrinkage
of wood framing will not have
adverse effect upon the
structure nor any plumbing,
electrical, mechanical
systems
nor other equipment installed
therein due to the excessive
shrinkage or differential
movements caused by
shrinkage. The analysis shall
also show that the roof
drainage system and the
foregoing systems or
equipment will not be
adversely affected or, as an
alternate, such systems shall
be designed to accommodate
the differential shrinkage or
movements.
620.10,7 Pipes in Walls
Stud partitions containing
plumbing, heating, or other
pipes shall be so framed and
the joists underneath so
spaced as to give proper
clearance for the piping.
Where a partition containing
such piping runs parallel to
the floor joists, the joists
underneath such partitions
shall be doubled and spaced
to permit the passage of such
pipes and shall be bridged.
Where plumbing, heating or
other pipes are placed in Or
partly in a partition,
necessitating the cutting of
the soles or plates, a metal
tie not less than 1.47 mm (16
galvanized gage) and 38 mm
wide shall be fastened to
each plate across and to each
side of' the opening with not
less than six 16 d nails.