Professor Eugene A.

Olevsky

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS

Home Work Assignment I

1. Indicate, by their indices and in a drawing, six directions of the <112> family.
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2. The density of Cu is 8.9 g/cm and its atomic weight (or mass) is 63.546. It has the FCC
structure. Determine the lattice parameter and the radius of atoms.
3. The basic unit (or mer) of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or teflon is C2F4. If the mass of the
PTFE molecule is 45,000 amu, what is the degree of polymerization?
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4. A pitch blend sample has five different molecular species with molecular masses of 0.5 x 10 , 0.5
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x 10 , 1 x 10 , 4 x 10 and 6 x 10 . Compute the number-averaged molecular weight and weight-
averaged molecular weight of the sample.
5. Determine the theoretical cleavage stress for tungsten pulled in tension along [100] if the surface
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energy is 1,650 mJ/m and E[100] = 411 GPa. The atomic radius for tungsten is 0.137 nm.
6. Calculate the theoretical shear strength for tungsten (G = 166 GPa).
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7. Determine the theoretical cleavage strength for α Si3N4 if its surface energy is equal to 30 J/m
and Young’s modulus is equal to 360 GPa; the unit cell dimensions are a = 0.775 nm and c =
5.62 nm.
8. Draw the following direction vectors in a cubic unit cell: a [ ] and [ ], b [ ], c [ 10], d [ ].
9. The rubber specimens, having an initial length of 5 cm, are tested, one in compression and one in
tension. If the engineering strains are -1.5 and +1.5, respectively, what will be the final lengths of
the specimens? What the true strains, and why are they numerically different?
10. Calculate Young’s and shear moduli for monocrystalline iron along [100], [110] and [111].
11. Ultrasonic equipment was used to determine the longitudinal and shear sound velocities of a
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metallic specimen having a density of 7.8 g/cm . The values obtained are VL = 5,300 m/s and VS
= 3,300 m/s. Determine the Young’s and shear moduli and Poisson’s ratio for this material. What
is the material?
12. Using the Mohr circle construction, calculate the principal stresses and maximum shear stresses,
as well as their orientation, for the sheet subjected to the stresses shown in the following figure.

13. A specimen of Al2O3 contains microcracks that are approximately equal to its grain size (20 μm).
One grain in each 10 grains contains cracks. If the uncracked material has E0 = 378 GPa,
determine Young’s modulus for the cracked material using Budiansky and O’Connell and
Salganik equations.

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14. A cylindrical steel specimen (length = 200 mm, diameter = 5 mm) is subjected to a torque equal
to 40 Nm. If one end of the specimen is fixed, what is the deflection of the other end? Take E =
210 GPa and ν = 0.3.
15. A polycrystalline metal has a plastic stress-strain curve that obeys Hollomon’s equation, .
Determine n, knowing that the flow stresses of this material at 2% and 10% plastic deformation
(offset) are equal to 175 and 185 MPa, respectively.
16. You are traveling in an airplane. The engineer who designed it is, casually, on your side. He tells
you that the wings were designed using Von Mises’ criterion. Would you feel safer if he had told
you that Tresca’s criterion had been used? Why?
17. A material is under a state of stress such that . It starts to flow when = 140
MPa.
(a) What is the flow stress under uniaxial tension?
(b) If the material is used under conditions in which and , at which value of will
it flow, according to Tresca’s and Von Mises’ criteria?
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18. A tensile test on a steel specimen having a cross-sectional area of 2 cm and length of 10 cm is
conducted in an Instron universal testing machine with stiffness of 20 MN/m. If the initial strain
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rate is 10 s , determine the slope of the load-extension curve in the elastic range (E = 210
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GN/m ).
19. Determine all the parameters that can be obtained from a stress-strain curve from the loading-
extension curve (for a cylindrical specimen) shown in the following figure, knowing that the initial
cross-sectional area is 4 cm2, the crosshead velocity is 3 mm/s, the gage length is 10 cm, the
final cross-sectional area is 2 cm2, and the radius of curvature of the neck is 1 cm.

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20. Calculate the concentration of monovacancies in gold at 1,000 K, knowing that Hf = 1.4 x 10 J.
If the gold is suddenly quenched to ambient temperature, what will be the excess vacancy
concentration?
21. How many vacancies per cubic centimeter are there in gold, at ambient temperature, assuming a
lattice parameter of 0.408 nm?
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22. 10 and 10 cm are typical values for the dislocation density of annealed and deformed nickel,
respectively. Calculate the average space among dislocation lines (assuming a random
dislocation distribution), as well as the line energy for edge and screw dislocations, in both cases.
In nickel, E = 210 GPa, ν = 0.3, and the lowest distance between atom centers is 0.25 nm.

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