ABSTRACT

Background: Women’s sleep quality has been reported to change during

pregnancy; prevalence estimates of poor sleep quality during pregnancy vary
widely. This disorder can affect the health of mothers and children in the womb.
The purpose of this study is to determine the description of the quality of sleep
and the characteristics of pregnant women and the factors that affect the quality of
sleep in pregnant women in Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
(BEmONC) Health Center of Jambi City in 2017.
Method: The type of study is cross sectional by using technique of quota
sampling. The research was conducted at Puskesmas Putri Ayu, Pakuan Baru, and
Olak Kemang with 196 pregnant women, by using interview. The data collection
tools were characteristic data form, PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), ZSAS
(Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale), and physical change questionnaires.
Result: In this study, more than half of pregnant women (63,3%) had poor sleep
quality, regarding the maternal age there were 79,1% pregnant women included in
non-risk category, regarding the gestational age there were 50% pregnant women
categorized in third trimester, regarding the gravidity there were 57,1% pregnant
women categorized in multigravida, regarding the employment status there were
70,9% pregnant women categorized as unemployee. Regarding the educational
level there were 50.5% including high school category. Maternal age (p-value =
0,027), gestational age (p-value = 0,001), educational level (p-value = 0,043),
anxiety level (p-value = 0,001) and physical changes (p-value = 0.001 ) were
associated with PSQI scores in pregnant women.
Conclusion: Most pregnant women have poor sleep quality. Factors that
associated with sleep quality in pregnant women at BemONC Health Center of
Jambi were age, gestational age, educational level, anxiety level, and physical
changes during pregnancy.
Keywords: Pregnancy, Sleep Quality, PSQI, ZSAS, Physical Changes

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 ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Penurunan kualitas tidur merupakan salah satu keluhan umum
selama kehamilan. Gangguan ini dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan ibu maupun
anak yang dikandungnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran
kualitas tidur beserta karakteristik ibu hamil dan faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi kualitas tidur pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas PONED (Pelayanan
Obstetri Neonatal Emergensi Dasar) Kota Jambi tahun 2017.
Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Teknik sampel yang
digunakan adalah quota sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 196 ibu
hamil yang melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan di Pukesmas PONED Kota Jambi
yaitu Puskesmas Putri Ayu, Puskesmas Pakuan Baru, dan Puskesmas Olak
Kemang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara. Alat pengumpulan data
berupa kuesioner PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), ZSAS (Zung Self-rating
Anxiety Scale), dan kuesioner perubahan fisik.
Hasil: Terdapat lebih dari setengah ibu hamil (63,3%) memiliki kualitas tidur
yang buruk, karakteristik ibu hamil berdasarkan umur sebesar 79,1% termasuk
kategori tidak beresiko, usia kehamilan responden sebesar 50% termasuk
katergori trimester III, graviditas responden sebesar 57,1% termasuk kategori
multigravida, pekerjaan responden sebesar 70,9% termasuk kategori tidak bekerja.
tingkat pendidikan terakhir responden sebesar 50,5% termasuk kategori SMA.
Terdapat hubungan antara umur (p-value=0,027), usia kehamilan (p-value=0,001),
tingkat pendidikan (p-value=0,043), tingkat kecemasan (p-value=0,001) dan
perubahan fisik (p-value=0,001) dengan kualitas tidur ibu hamil.
Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar ibu hamil memiliki kualitas tidur yang buruk.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas tidur pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas
PONED Kota Jambi adalah umur, usia kehamilan, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat
kecemasan, dan perubahan fisik.
Kata Kunci: Kehamilan, Kualitas Tidur, PSQI, ZSAS, Perubahan Fisik