LEVENT COLLEGE

1. A bag contains three 1p coins and seven 2p coins. Coins are removed at random one at a
time, without replacement, until the total value of the coins removed is at least 3p. Then no
more coins are removed. (i) Complete the probability tree diagram.
[5]

Find the probability that

(ii) exactly two coins are removed, [3]

(iii) the total value of the coins removed is 4p. [3]

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2. Each child in class 3A was given a packet of seeds to plant. The stem and leaf diagram below
shows how many seedlings were visible in each child’s tray one week after planting.

Number of seedlings (21 means 21) Totals

0 0 2 (2)
0 (0)
1 1 (1)
1 5 7 (2)
2 0 1 (5)
2 5 7 (7)
3 0 0 (7)
3 5 6 (4)
4 1 3 (3)

(a) Find the median and interquartile range for these data. (5 marks)

(b) Use the quartiles to describe the skewness of the data. Show your method clearly.

(3 marks)

The mean and standard deviation for these data were 27.2 and 10.3 respectively.

(c) Explaining your answer, state whether you would recommend using these values or
your answers to part (a) to summarise these data.
(2 marks)

Outliers are defined to be values outside of the limits Q1 – 2s and Q3 + 2s where s is the
standard deviation given above.

(d) Represent these data with a boxplot identifying clearly any outliers. (6 marks)

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0 10 20 30 40 50

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3. A midwife records the weights, in kg, of a sample of 50 babies born at a hospital. Her
results are given in the table below.

Weight (w kg) Frequency (f) Weight midpoint (x)

0-w2 1 1

2-w3 8 2.5

3 - w  3.5 17 3.25

3.5 - w  4 17 3.75

4-w5 7 4.5

[You may use ™ Ix 2 = 611.375]

A histogram has been drawn to represent these data.

The bar representing the weight 2 - w  3 has a width of 1 cm and a height of 4 cm.

(a) Calculate the width and height of the bar representing a weight of 3 - w  3.5
(3)

(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median weight of these babies.
(2)

(c) (i) Show that an estimate of the mean weight of these babies is 3.43 kg.

(ii) Find an estimate of the standard deviation of the weights of these babies.
(3)

A newborn baby weighing 3.43 kg is born at the hospital.

(d) Without carrying out any further calculations, state, giving a reason, what effect the
addition of this newborn baby to the sample would have on your estimate of the

(i) mean,

(ii) standard deviation.

(3)

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4. The stem and leaf diagram gives the blood pressure, x mmHg, for a random sample of 19
female patients.

10 1 2 (2)
11 2 7 7 8 8 (5)
12 0 2 2 3 4 4 5 5 7 (9)
13 1 2 9 (3)

Key: 10 | 1 means blood pressure of 101mmHg

(a) Find the median and the quartiles for these data.
(3)

(b) Find the interquartile range (Q3 – Q1)

(1)

An outlier is a value that is greater than Q3 + 1.5 × (Q3 – Q1) or less than
Q1 – 1.5 × (Q3 – Q1)

(c) Showing your working clearly, identify any outliers for these data.
(3)

(d) On the grid on page 9 draw a box and whisker plot to represent these data.
Show any outliers clearly.
(4)

The above data can be summarised by

∑ x = 2299 and ∑x 2
= 279709

(e) Calculate the mean and the standard deviation for these data.

(3)
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–

90 100 110 120 130 140 150

Turn over for a spare diagram if you need to redraw your plot.

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5. Before going on holiday to Seapron, Tania records the weekly rainfall (x mm) at Seapron
for 8 weeks during the summer. Her results are summarised as

™x ™x2 = 985.88

(a) Find the standard deviation, ıx, for these data.

(3)

Tania also records the number of hours of sunshine (y hours) per week at Seapron for these
8 weeks and obtains the following

y– = 58 ıy FRUUHFWWRVLJQLILFDQWILJXUHV™xy = 4900.5

(b) Show that Syy = 716 (correct to 3 significant figures)

(1)

(c) Find Sxy

(2)

(d) Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient, r, for these data.
(2)

During Tania’s week-long holiday at Seapron there are 14 mm of rain and 70 hours of
sunshine.

(e) State, giving a reason, what the effect of adding this information to the above data
would be on the value of the product moment correlation coefficient.
(2)
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6. At the start of a course, an instructor asked a group of 80 apprentices to estimate the length
of a piece of pipe. The error (true length – estimated length) was recorded in centimetres.
The results are summarised in the box plot below.

–40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30

(a) Find the range for these data.

(1)

(b) Find the interquartile range for these data.

(1)

One month later, the instructor asked the 80 apprentices to estimate the length of a
different piece of pipe and recorded their errors. The results are summarised in the table
below.

Error (e cm) Number of apprentices

–40  e - –16 2
–16  e - –8 18
–8  e - 0 33
0e-8 14
8  e - 16 10
16  e - 40 3

(c) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median error for these data.
(2)

(d) Show that the upper quartile for these data, to the nearest centimetre, is 4.
(1)

For these data, the lower quartile is –8 and the five worst errors were –25, –21, 18, 23, 28

An outlier is a value that falls either

more than 1.5 × (interquartile range) above the upper quartile or
more than 1.5 × (interquartile range) below the lower quartile.

(e) (i) Show that there are only 2 outliers for these data.

(ii) Draw a box plot for these data on the grid on page 3.
(6)

(f) State, giving reasons, whether or not the apprentices’ ability to estimate the length of
a piece of pipe has improved over the first month of the course.
(3)

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Only use this diagram if you need to redraw your plot.

–40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30

Q1

(Total 14 marks)

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7. Events A and B are independent.

Given also that

3 1
P(A) = 4 and P(A ∩ B ′ ) = 4 ,

Find

(a) P(A ∩ B), (2 marks)

(b) P(B), (3 marks)

(c) P(A′ ∩ B ′ ). (3 marks)

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8. (a) State in words the relationship between two events R and S when P( R ∩ S) = 0
(2)
1 2
The events A and B are independent with P(A) = and P( A ∪ B) =
4 3
Find

(b) P(B)
(4)

(c) P($ƍ ∩ B)
(2)

(d) P(%ƍ| A)
(2)
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9. A bag contains 5 red discs and 1 black disc. Tina takes two discs from the bag at random without replacement.

(i) The diagram shows part of a tree diagram to illustrate this situation.
First disc Second disc

5 Red
6

1
6 Black

Complete the tree diagram in your Answer Book showing all the probabilities. [2]

(ii) Find the probability that exactly one of the two discs is red. [3]

All the discs are replaced in the bag. Tony now takes three discs from the bag at random without replacement.

(iii) Given that the first disc Tony takes is red, find the probability that the third disc Tony takes is also red.
[2]

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10. Events A and B are defined in the sample space S.

The events A and B are independent.

Given that P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.4 and P(A È B) = 0.65, find:
a P(B)
b P(A B)
A and C are mutually exclusive and P(C) = 0.5.
c Find P(A È C).

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11. A software company sets exams for programmers who wish to qualify to use their packages.
Past records show that 55% of candidates taking the exam for the first time will pass, 60% of
those taking it for the second time will pass, but only 40% of those taking the exam for the
third time will pass. Candidates are not allowed to sit the exam more than three times.

A programmer decides to keep taking the exam until he passes or is allowed no further
attempts. Find the probability that he will

(a) pass the exam on his second attempt, (2 marks)

(b) pass the exam. (3 marks)

Another programmer already has the qualification.

(c) Find, correct to 3 significant figures, the probability that she passed first time.
(3 marks)

At a particular sitting of the exam there are 400 candidates.

The ratio of those sitting the exam for the first time to those sitting it for the second time to
those sitting it for the third time is 5 : 3 : 2

(d) How many of the 400 candidates would be expected to pass? (4 marks)

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12. Joel buys a box of second-hand Jazz and Blues CDs at a car boot sale.

In the box there are 30 CDs, 8 of which were recorded live. 16 of the CDs are predominantly
Jazz and 13 of these were recorded in the studio. This information is shown in the following
table.

Studio Live Total

Jazz 13 16
Blues
Total 8 30

(a) Copy and complete the table above. (2 marks)

Joel picks a CD at random to play first.

Find the probability that it is

(b) a Blues CD that was recorded live, (1 mark)

(c) a Jazz CD, given that it was recorded in the studio. (2 marks)

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13. A golfer enters two tournaments. He estimates the probability that he wins the first tournament is 0.6,
that he wins the second tournament is 0.4 and that he wins them both is 0.35.

a Find the probability that he does not win either tournament.

b Show, by calculation, that winning the first tournament and winning the second tournament are not
independent events.

c The tournaments are played in successive weeks.

Explain why it would be surprising if these were independent events.

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14. The Venn diagram shows three events A, B and C, where p, q, r, s and t are probabilities.

B
C
t
p
q
s

A
r
0.08

P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.6 and P(C) = 0.25 and the events B and C are independent.

(a) Find the value of p and the value of q.

(2)

(b) Find the value of r.

(2)

(c) Hence write down the value of s and the value of t.

(2)

(d) State, giving a reason, whether or not the events A and B are independent.
(2)

(e) Find P(B | A ‰ C ).

(3)
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15. The Venn diagram shows the probabilities of customer bookings at Harry’s hotel.

R is the event that a customer books a room

B is the event that a customer books breakfast

D is the event that a customer books dinner

u and t are probabilities.

0
R
u
B
0.33
0.27

0.15
t
D

(a) Write down the probability that a customer books breakfast but does not book a room.
(1)

Given that the events B and D are independent

(b) find the value of t

(4)

(c) hence find the value of u

(2)

(d) Find

(i) P(Dµ R ∩ B)

(ii) P(Dµ R ∩ Ba)

(4)

A coach load of 77 customers arrive at Harry’s hotel.

Of these 77 customers

40 have booked a room and breakfast

37 have booked a room without breakfast

(e) Estimate how many of these 77 customers will book dinner.

(2)
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(Total 13 marks)

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16. A shop recorded the number of pairs of gloves, n, that it sold and the average daytime
temperature, T °C, for each month over a 12-month period.

The data was then summarised as follows:

Σ T = 124, Σ n = 384, Σ T 2 = 1802, Σ n2 = 18 518, Σ Tn = 2583.

(a) Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient for these data. (5 marks)

(b) Comment on what your value shows and suggest a reason for this. (2 marks)

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17. A company manufactures soap powder. They give a number of identical blouses to some
customers and ask them to keep a record of how often the blouses are washed. After 3 months,
the company goes back to the customers and notes how many times the blouse had been
washed, and the strength of colour in the blouse.

Number of washes, n. 5 7 9 4 10 13 8 7
Colour strength, s. 17 144 9 6 11 8 10 9

The data in the table can be summarised as follows.

∑n = 63, ∑s = 94, ∑n2 = 553, ∑s2 = 1188, ∑ns = 685

(a) Explain why n is the explanatory variable in this situation. (1)

(b) Draw a scatter diagram for the data. (3)

(c) Calculate exact values of Sns and Snn (4)
(d) Calculate the equation for the regression line of colour strength on the number
of washes. Draw the regression line on your scatter diagram. (4)

(e) Give an interpretation of the slope and intercept of the regression line. (2)

(f) One of the customers who was given a blouse had washed it 8 times, but her
daughter was wearing it when the company rep called so he could not get the
colour strength. Estimate what the colour strength would be, and comment on
the reliability of your estimate. (3)

(g) Explain why the equation in part (d) should not be used to predict the colour
strength when one of the blouses has been washed 25 times. (2)

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15

10

0 n
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

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18. The table shows the price of a bottle of milk, m pence, and the price of a loaf of bread,
b pence, for 8 different years.

m 29 29 35 39 41 43 44 46
b 75 83 91 121 120 126 119 126

(You may use Sbb = 3083.875 and Smm = 305.5)

 D )LQGWKHH[DFWYDOXHRI™bm
(1)

(b) Find Sbm

(3)

(c) Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient between b and m

(2)

(d) Interpret the value of the correlation coefficient.

(1)

A ninth year is added to the data set. In this year the price of the bottle of milk
is 46 pence and the price of a loaf of bread is 175 pence.

(e) Without further calculation, state whether the value of the product moment correlation
coefficient will increase, decrease or stay the same when all nine years are used.
Give a reason for your answer.
(2)
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