School of Civil, Environmental and Design for axial compression (Clause 6.

1)
Mining Engineering
A concentrically loaded member subjected to a design
axial compression (N*) shall satisfy both:

C&ENVENG 3007 / 7007 N * ≤ φN s and N * ≤ φN c

STRUCTURAL DESIGN III (STEEL) N s : nominal section capacity (Clause 6.2)
Semester – I, 2015
N c : nominal member capacity (Clause 6.3)
φ : capacity reduction factor = 0.9 (Table 3.4)

MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO AXIAL COMPRESSION Nominal section capacity (Clause 6.2): N s = k f An f y

(SECTION 6: AS4100) An : net cross - sectional area (deduct area for unfilled holes/penetrations)

- ignore if the area reduction is less than 100(1 − [ f y /(0.85 f u )]) %

Dr.Mohamed Ali
f y , f u : yield stress, tensile strength (Table 2.1) k f : form factor (Clause 6.2.2)
Office: N234 (Engineering North)
Ae - Effective cross-sectional area based on local buckling of plate elements
ali.mohamed@adelaide.edu.au kf =
1 Ag - Gross cross-sectional area 2

slenderness of flat plate element (Clause 6.2.3):

b fy
λe =
t 250
be b
Effective width of flat plate element (Clause 6.2.4):

λ  t
be = b ey  ≤ b t
 λe 
be b

Effective cross-sectional area :

Ae = Ag − ∑ ({b − be }t )i
n

i =1
- ineffective area
n : number of plate elements

Ae
kf =
Nominal section capacity (Clause 6.2): N s = k f An f y Ag
3 4
Nominal Member Capacity (Clause 6.3):

Nominal member capacity – constant cross-section (Clause 6.3.3):

Nc = α c N s ≤ N s - Based on global buckling of the member

  2

 90 
Member slenderness reduction factor: α c = ξ 1 − 1 −   
   ξλ   

λ 
2

  +1+η
ξ = 
90 λ = λn + α aα b η = 0.00326(λ − 13.5) ≥ 0
λ 
2

2 
 90 

l   fy  2100(λn − 13.5)
λn =  e  k f   αa =
r λ − 13.5λn + 2050
2
 250  n

αb - Compression member section constant -Table 6.33 (1) or (2)

5 6

Alternatively, the member slenderness reduction factor (αc) can be directly

obtained from Table 6.3.3 (3) using modified member slenderness (λn) and
member section constant(αb)

7 The table covers a wide rage of value (0 to 600 with and interval of 5 ) of λn 8
 Different boundary conditions – Effective length concept Member Buckling Analysis (Clause 4.6)
π 2 EI
Elastic buckling load of a member (Clause 4.6.2): N om =
(kel )2

2π 2 EI 4π 2 EI
π 2 EI P cr = P cr =
P cr = L2 L2
L2
π EI
2
P cr =
4 L2 π 2 EI Figure 4.6.3.2 Effective length factors (ke) of members with idealized
Generalized buckling load: P cr = L e : Effective length 9 10
L2e conditions of end restraints (Clause 4.6.3.2)

10
Example 1: Calculate the nominal member capacity of a column having the Ag = An = 10160 mm2
cross-section as shown. The column has a length of 6 m and its two end are
strongly encased within solid concrete slabs. 150 150
Compression flange: be = 126.3 mm
8 8
10
Gross cross-sectional area: x x
500
Web plate : λe = 79 λey = 45
150 150 Ag = 2 × [(150 × 2 + 8) × 10] + 500 × 8 f y = 400 MPa
λ  45
= 10160 mm2 be = b ey  = 500 × = 284.8 mm
8 8 λ
 e 79
Net cross-sectional area:
500
An = Ag (as there are no holes due to bolts etc) 10
f y = 400 MPa
n
Compression flange: Effective cross-sectional area: Ae = Ag − ∑ ({b − be }t )i
i =1
b f y 150 400
10 λe = = = 19 Ae = 10160 − 4 × [(150 − 126.3) × 10 − (500 − 284.8) × 8 = 7490.4 mm2
t 250 10 250
Web plate :
λey = 16 λe > λey Ae 7490.4
b f y 500 400 Table 6.2.4: Form factor: k f = = = 0.737
λe = = = 79 Ag 10160
t 250 8 250
λ  16
λe > λey be = b ey  = 150 × = 126.3 mm Nominal section capacity: N s = k f An f y = 0.737 × 10160 × 400 / 1000 = 2995 kN
Table 6.2.4: λey = 45  λe  19 11 12
 y k f = 0.737 λn = 65.86 α b = 0 .5 N s = 2995 kN
10

150 150
Ag = An = 10160 mm2 2100(λn − 13.5) 2100 × (65.86 − 13.5)
αa = = = 20
10 × (150 × 2 + 8)3 λ2n − 13.5λn + 2050 (65.86) 2 − 13.5 × 65.86 + 2050
8 8 Iy = 2×
12
x x 500 6m
500 × (8)3 λ = λn + α aα b = 65.86 + 20 × 0.5 = 75.86
+ = 4872 × 104 mm 4
12
f y = 400 MPa
η = 0.00326(λ − 13.5) = 0.00326 × (75.86 − 13.5) = 0.2 ≥ 0 (OK)
Iy 4872 × 104
ry = =
λ 
A 10160 2 2
 75.86  From Table 6.3.3(3)
  +1+η 
10
y = 69.25 mm  + 1 + 0.2
ξ=  90  =  90 
= 1.35 α c = 0.714
Nominal member capacity: N c = α c N s ≤ N s λ 
2
 75.86 
2

From Figure 4.6.3.2: 2  2×  (λn = 65, α b = 0.5)

 90   90 
l   fy  4200  400  (Fixed at both ends)
λn =  e  k f   = 0.737  
r  250  69.25  250  ke = 0.7       2 
 
2
 90  90
α c = ξ 1 − 1 −     = 1.35 × 1 − 1 −    = 0.706
= 65.86 le = kel = 0.7 × 6 = 4.2 m    ξλ    
   1.35 × 75.86   

From Table 6.33 (2): α b = 0 .5
13 Nominal member capacity: N c = α c N s = 0.706 × 2995 = 2114 kN ≤ N s (OK) 14