Tutorial I
“Drawing 2D representation in the form of Lines Plan”
2. In the units dialog box be sure to select decimal in the length type,
0.000 in the precision, then press ok
3. Notice the mouse counter at the most left bottom of the CAD screen, it’s
now have the new precision
Hint: you can also display the Units dialog box by typing units in the
command line
5. A prompt at the command line asks you to specify the lower left
corner, type 0,0 in the command line and then press ENTER.
6. Another prompt for the upper right corner; here the maximum length
we have to deal with for ship lines is about 150 m. and the height of the
drawing is the sum of the ship’s depth and half breath plan in addition
to some empty spaces so we type in 200, 90 as our answer to the
command prompt.
1/10 Eng. Mohamed Salah Ebeida
March 2001
AutoCad Tutorials Representation of a Ship Hull Surface
Hints:
1. You can also display the Drawing limits Command by typing
limits in the command line
2. We simply chosen 90 as height because if we plot our drawing
using 1 drawing units = 10 mm this 90 would be equivalent to
90 cm “the width of the paper roll and so the drawing scale
would be 1:100 – to see the boundaries of your drawing space
draw a rectangle with lower left corner 0,0 and upper right
one 200,90
7. Finally in order to see your drawing limits, press the zoom all button
in the zoom fly out located in the standard toolbar, or simply you can
type zoom then all in the command line
3. Start DRAWING:
1. Once you have set up your environment for drawing, you
can start by
i. Drawing the molded base line of the profile using the line
command and specifying the starting and ending points (let’s
say 0, 50 & 200, 50
ii. Drawing the Center Line of the half breadth plan using the line
command and specifying the starting and ending points (let’s
say 0, 20 & 200, 20
Hints:
a. As you sure noticed the two lines are drawn with the same line type
and color, to deal with this problems we have to learn about layers
As you see there is only one layer named “O” with white color and
continuous line type
By pressing the New button a new layer appears with its default name
highlighted waiting for you to change it, try to make the name
expressive; ship center for example.
By pressing enter AutoCAD accepts the new layer’s name and then
give you a chance to make another action (either adding anew layer
or changing a property of any other layer)
Before you exit the select line type dialog box be sure that the center
line type is Highlighted to assign it to the ship center layer
Now select the center line you have drawn latest and assign it to the
ship center layer by clicking on the O in the layers toolbar shown
above and selecting the required layer then press Esc twice to clear
your selection, notice the changes!
The type line has changed to center but it’s still has to be adjusted, to
do this select the required center line and then type properties – in the
properties dialog box set the line type scale to 0.4 – it’s adjusted now
so close the properties dialog box
iii. Drawing the Center Line of the Body plan using the line
command and specifying the starting and ending points (let’s
say 100, 45 & 100, 70 – as we did before adjust the layer for this
new line as well as the line type scale “I think 0.1 would be good
this time”.
ii. Now you’re going to work with a small area in your drawing “The
right half of the body plan area to draw the forward station
curves” so using the ZOOM command magnify this area to fill
your ACAD screen:
Type zoom in the command line then press Enter
ACAD prompts you for a zoom option, type win
Specify the first corner as –20, -7
Specify the other corner as 20, 25
WL O 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Offset .0956 .4348 .6 .7217 .7652 .7913 .8 .8261 .8609 .9043 .9739
Y (m.) O .79 1.58 3.16 4.74 6.32 7.9 9.48 11.06 12.64 14.22
X (m.) 1.1 5.0 6.9 8.3 8.8 9.1 9.2 9.5 9.9 10.4 11.2
ACAD prompts for the end tangent for this curve and
since we haven’t got a specified one we can simply press
enter to finish the SPLINE command
6. Repeat Steps 4&5 for the rest of the stations with negative x-
values for the aft stations to be drawn to the left of the body
plan centerline and thus your body plan is completed.
WL O 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Offset (m.) 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.4 1.3 -3.1 -4.9 -5.4 -5.9 -6.1
10. Repeat the last step using the data of the bow contour
ST O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Offset .3304 .6957 .8870 .9739 1.0 1.0 .9652 .8272 .5706 .2957 .0348
Y (m.) 3.8 8.0 10.2 11.2 11.5 11.5 11.1 9.513 6.562 3.4 .4
X (m.) 0 12.55 25.1 37.65 50.2 62.75 75.3 87.85 100.4 112.95 125.5
Hint: have to find out the end points of each water line using the stern
and bow contours before drawing them.
12. Now work on the Body Plan to find out the offset value of
any desired buttock to be drawn in the profile the distance
command will be helpful in this case
13. Finally finish your drawing using leaders, text tools after
adjusting the drawing boundaries. Prepare for plotting by
adjusting the pen assignment for each color used in your
drawing.
Tutorial II
“Drawing 3D representation for the hull surface”
1. Pre-drawing preparation:
Assume that we have the following data for the amidships station:
WL O 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Offset .0956 .4348 .6 .7217 .7652 .7913 .8 .8261 .8609 .9043 .9739
Z (m.) O .79 1.58 3.16 4.74 6.32 7.9 9.48 11.06 12.64 14.22
Y (m.) 1.1 5.0 6.9 8.3 8.8 9.1 9.2 9.5 9.9 10.4 11.2
X (m.) L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2
2. Start Modeling:
In order to represent the Hull surface of a ship we shall use here the
3dmesh command there’s so many techniques used in modeling but I’ll
try here to discuss the simplest one.
frames; it gives us an idea of how does the hull look like. But in order
to have better effect, we have to deal with surfaces or 3d mesh
command.
3. Working with surface modeling:
Using the 3d command start to load 3d objects in ACAD and prompts you for the
type of objects you want to create; type mesh and then press Enter
ACAD asks for the Mesh size in the M direction > Type the no of waterlines you
have in the offset table, also type the no of stations for the Mesh size in the N-
direction press enter to end this command
To recognize the difference between surfaces and wire frames type Shade in the
command and see what happens – the mesh you have created are now acting like
a plate sheet while the wire frames didn’t change. Press undo to cancel this
shading
So we now have a surface but it’s still a plane one while our hull surface is curved,
to attain this curvature we have make some deformation to our mesh – this is
done by selecting the mesh.
Once the mesh is selected its internal nodes are highlighted by small boxes when
any of them is selected its color turns red and then this node ask you where to
move – specify the right location for each point from your prepared offset table
and when you are done the surface will take the same form as the hull surface for
have of the ship.
By using 3dmirror command you can have a complete ship hull “without the
bottom and the aft most BKHD” a little bit finishing and you should have
something like this.