Duke University TIP Summer Studies Program 2013

Physics of Energy

Duke West, Term II

Instructor: Colleen Lanz (cbl22@tipster.duke.edu)

Teaching Assistant: Dylan Williams (dcw21@tipster.duke.edu)

Required Texts: There are no required texts for this course.

Course Description:

This course will investigate the fundamental principles of energy and energy
transfer including gravitational, elastic, wave, and electrical energy. The course will
use these principles to explore energy generation and recovery. Associated
engineering and civil design concepts and factors will be addressed in this arena to
reinforce the importance of energy for each of us in our lives.

The different concepts of the course will be explored through an integration of

various activities. Design projects, research, and competitions will be used to
introduce students to the many forms and uses of energy. Laboratory experiments
will be conducted to measure important parameters as well as rehearse proper
investigative techniques and practices. A laboratory notebook will be required to
document all material discussed and designed during the course. Also, presentations
will be required to share learned information with classmates.

Since all class time will be devoted to creating a foundation in energy, students will
also receive instruction on important mathematical concepts necessary for success
in Physics/Engineering. These concepts will be shared through short lecture-style
discussions, followed by group practice and homework for study block. Topics
covered may include, but not limited to, Algebra 1, Algebra 2, Trigonometry, and
Calculus 1; with Trig and Calc not required prerequisites.

Course Objectives:

1. Develop a basic understanding of principles of energy and the different forms.

2. Apply energy principles to solve real world problems.
3. Effectively calculate analytical problems involving energy concepts.
4. Accurately assess value between analytical solution and practical solutions.
5. Improve team-working skills.
6. Improve research skills.
7. Improve scientific presentation and writing skills.
Assignments and Evaluation:

The progress of all TIP students will be closely monitored by the instructor and
teaching assistant. The progress of each student will be critiqued on a weekly basis,
and reviewed during the student-teaching meetings on the calendar. Consistent with
TIP's educational philosophy, this course is non-graded, however there will be a
small number of quizzes and tests. Students are encouraged to take intellectual risks
and work cooperatively in order to maximize the learning of every person in the
room. Student performance will be evaluated using the TIP Evaluation Rubric. This
rubric provides an opportunity for students to receive feedback on many aspects of
skills development, conceptual learning, as well as interpersonal behaviors with
other students and instructors.

Energy Source Project:

 Groups of 2 will give 30 minute presentations on an energy source to the class

 Preparation time at the library is built into the class time
 Students will rate other students on their inclusion of the following (ranging
from 5, very good to 1, needs improvement):
 Applications of the energy source
 Pros and cons of using the energy source
 Government policies regarding energy source
 The physics of the energy source
 History of using the energy source (even if recent)
 References (no rating)
 Also rate:
 Explanations of unfamiliar terms
 Clarity
 Thoroughness
 Accuracy
 Organization
 Presentation Aesthetics
 Enthusiasm
 Ability to Keep Audience’s Interest
 Overall Score
 Finally, provide the best thing they did and the thing that needs the most
work (free response)
 Possible Topic Ideas (others allowed, with instructor’s permission)
 Engines (heat, internal combustion)
 Physics of power plants; steam and gas power cycles
 Nuclear fusion, fission, reactor design, safety, operation and fuel cycles
 Solar radiation
 Photovoltaics
 Biological energy sources and fossil fuels
 Wind power; wind turbine dynamics, design; wind farms
 Geothermal power and oceanic thermal energy conversion
 Tidal/wave/hydropower
 Conversion between heat and mechanical energy
 Electromagnetic energy: storage, conversion, transmission and radiation
Tentative Course Outline:

Week 1:

Monday, July 8: Course Overview

 Introductions and Ice Breakers
 Cut out paper questions in a hat:
 IceBreakerQuestions: http://jimhough.com/cf/ibquestions.html
Pick # between 1 and 158
 Fact or Fiction: Ask everyone to write on a piece of paper THREE things
about themselves which may not be known to the others in the group.
Two are true and one is not. Taking turns they read out the three ‘facts’
about themselves and the rest of the group votes which are true and false.
 Review of Syllabus
 Introduce Dylan as authority figure for evening sessions
 Do not give them the schedule
 Class Guidelines, in and out of the classroom
 Come up with classroom rules as a class:
 No disrespectful language
 No talking over other people (instructor/TA/student)
 Respect all classroom materials
 Follow directions
 Keep hands to yourself
 Respect others’ ideas
 No bullying
 Be positive and have fun
 Drinks?
 Academic integrity.
 Post the rules in the classroom.
 Laboratory Safety Guidelines
 TA sets up students’ netIDs
 Idms-sdweb.oit.duke.edu/portal
 Username: tipreset
 Password: Tipt@stic
 Sponsor User ID and password: TA’s own
 Paper Tower Challenge
 Mathematical Review
 Use 205 1-5
 Presentation Workshop
 Scalar versus Vector
 Vectors1
 Vectors2
 Units
 Use 205 1-6
 Pass out equation sheet
 eqnSheet:
http://www.dpi.state.nc.us/docs/accountability/testing/eoc/Physics/20
09physicsref.pdf
 x, v, a relationship
  Use 205 1-7; save one problem as review
 xvaWkst
 xvaWkst2:
http://www.lpscience.com/classes/physics/mickley/worksheets/dvaws.
pdf
 Evening session: x, v, a packet

Tuesday, July 9: Kinematics

 Review Problem
 Projectile Motion in 1D and 2D
 KinematicsLesson&Questions:
http://www.clarkson.edu/highschool/k12/project/documents/Lesson4
%20-%20Kinematics.pdf
 KinematicsExample:
http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester1/c3_projectile.html
 1D Motion
 1DProblemSet:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/calcpad/1dkin/problems.cfm
 1DProblemSetwAns:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/calcpad/1dkin/problems.cfm
 Marble Lab
 Marble2:
http://www.ravenna.portage.k12.oh.us/staffwebpages/Jay_Newcome/do
cuments/Motion/CalculatingSpeed-MarbleLab.pdf
 Marble3 (this is better than Marble2):
http://www.pittsfordschools.org/webpages/jcimbalo/resources.cfm?
subpage=42471
 2D Projectile Motion Example
 Projectile Packet
 ProjectileProblems
 ProjectileProblemswAns:
http://serdartakimoglu.wikispaces.com/file/view/PROJECTILE+MOTION
+-+PRACTICE+QUESTIONS.pdf
 Human Reaction Time Lab
 ReactionTimeLab: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CC0QFjAA&url=http
%3A%2F%2Fmorganparkcps.enschool.org%2Fourpages%2Fauto
%2F2010%2F10%2F31%2F47186281%2FReaction%2520Time
%2520Lab.doc&ei=3wvXUYKaGYbW9ATE0oCQDQ&usg=AFQjCNHleMsO
WtFG0Dyz0U2_GLU30QenRw&sig2=lGPSmwyXdHod6k4j9z1oZw
 ReactionTimeLab2:
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/visionawards/petrosino/Media/Members/J
FR344/Worksheets/Meter%20Stick%20Drop%20Challenge%20WS.pdf
 ReactionTimeLab3: http://www.frontiernet.net/~jlkeefer/humanrx.htm
 Newton’s Second Law Lesson
 Free Body Diagram Worksheet
 FBDWkst: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDYQFjAB&url=http
%3A%2F%2Fphysics2013.cmswiki.wikispaces.net%2Ffile%2Fview
 %2FFBD
%2BWorksheet.doc&ei=cYLbUc7RL5SI9QSG8IC4Dg&usg=AFQjCNEpPiY2
CCf8p4WXgiHVIWE_NtDFyQ&sig2=3_ShdWh3SmE5nixq8-
zbkA&bvm=bv.48705608,d.eWU
 FreeBodyWkst: (not as good)
http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/butlers/physics%2011/Dynamics/free
%20body%20diagram%20worksheet.pdf
 Incline Plane Lesson
 InclinedPlanesLessonPlan:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/vectors/u3l3e.cfm
 Incline Problems
 InclinedPlanesProblems:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/curriculum/force2D/forces5.pdf
 Evening Session: Projectile Motion packet (2 documents)

Wednesday, July 10: Applications

 Target Practice Lab
 TargetPracticeLab:
http://batesvilleinschools.com/physics/phynet/mechanics/Projectiles/L
abs/ProMoLab.html
 Softball Toss Lab
 SoftballThrow:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/SoftballThrow.doc
 Vectors and Vector Addition Problem Solving
 VectorAddition:
http://www.physics.oregonstate.edu/~walshke/COURSES/ph201/Vector
%20Worksheet%202.pdf
 Evening session: actually, we changed this to additional projectile motion
problems from the previous evening’s packet.
 vector addition – can be done later

Thursday, July 11: Newton’s Laws

 Newton’s Laws Lecture
 (didn’t save): http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louviere/Newton/
 Trivia Game of Newton’s Laws
 NewtonsLawsTriviaQuestions:
http://physics.sierracollege.edu/People/dcalabrese/P4A/Conceptual
%20questions/Chapters%205-6%20conceptual%20questions.pdf
 NewtonsChoices
 Free Body Diagrams
 FreeBodyDiagrams:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/newtlaws/u2l2c.cfm
 FreeBodyExample: http://www2.cose.isu.edu/~hackmart/spl1kfbd.pdf
 Force/Work/Power
 WorkEnergyPower: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/calcpad/energy/
 WEPProblems:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/calcpad/energy/problems.cfm
 WEPProblemswAns:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/calcpad/energy/problems.cfm
 Play around with Algodoo
  Tutorials: crash course
 Tutorials: friction of a sliding object
 Friction Lecture:
 FrictionSlides: http://www.urminsky.ca/wp-
content/CP12011/forces_part3Post4up.pdf
 Friction Lab
 FrictionLab:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/FrictionLab.doc
 Friction Worksheet
 FrictionWkst:
http://tuhsphysics.ttsd.k12.or.us/Tutorial/NewIBPS/Friction/Friction.ht
m
 FrictionWkstwAns
 T-Shirt Design
 Tomorrow we’ll have a quiz! …. Review material!
 2D kinematics projectile problems
 unit conversions (know how to do them; you will be given the actual
conversion factors)
 energy (potential, kinetic and TME)
 free body diagram for inclined plane problems (F fr, and .)
 Evening session: free body diagram and friction worksheets (friction may be
better!)

Friday, July 12: Energy Principles

 Atwood’s Machine
 Atwood'sMachineLectureandProblem:
http://www.ux1.eiu.edu/~cfadd/1150-05/06Applications/atwoods.html
 Introduce Project and ask for preferred topics
 Groups (of 2 or 3) will give 20 min presentations on an energy source to
rest of class (and us as teachers!)
(60 min * 5.5 hr)/(7 groups) = 47 min
 Rate other students on their inclusion of the following: (5 very good to 1
needs improvement);
 Applications
 Pros and cons of using the energy source
 Government policies regarding energy source
 The physics of the energy source
 History of using the energy source (even if recent)
 References (no rating)
 Also rate:
 Explanations of unfamiliar terms
 Clarity
 Thoroughness
 Accuracy
 Organization
 Presentation Aesthetics
 Enthusiasm
 Ability to Keep Your Interest
 Overall Score
  Finally, provide the best thing they did and the thing that needs the
most work (free response)
 Possible Topic Ideas (others allowed, with teacher’s permission)
 Engines (heat, internal combustion)
 Physics of power plants; steam and gas power cycles
 Nuclear fusion, fission, reactor design, safety, operation and fuel
cycles
 Solar radiation
 Photovoltaics
 Biological energy sources and fossil fuels
 Wind power; wind turbine dynamics, design; wind farms
 Geothermal power and oceanic thermal energy conversion
 Tidal/wave/hydropower
 Conversion between heat and mechanical energy
 E&M energy: storage, conversion, transmission and radiation
 QM: energy quantization
 Energy in chemical systems and process, flow of CO2
 Station Rotation
 Elevator Lab
 ElevatorLab: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CC0QFjAA&url=http
%3A%2F%2Fww2.bfafairfax.com%2Fpfeiffer%2FPhysics
%2FUnit_05_Dynamics_II_Constant_Force_Particle_Model%2FLabs
%2520and%2520Activities
%2FELEV.DOC&ei=mB_XUfqMD5Ds8gSDrYGIDQ&usg=AFQjCNGSS49qAM
4Jg_nh3owsBQPvlzvQFg&sig2=NYMpKPBNZTpT4FmbHK5mVQ&bvm=bv.
48705608,d.eWU
 Physics Riddles
 PhysicsRiddles: http://physicsbuzz.physicscentral.com/2010/04/riddle-
me-physics.html
 PhysicsRiddleswoAns
 Problems, Problems, Practice
 ProbsProbsProbswAns: http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-01sc-
physics-i-classical-mechanics-fall-2010/translational-kinematics/two-
dimensional-kinematics/MIT8_01SC_problems06_soln.pdf
 ProbsProbsProbs
 Spring Lecture
 Work, Energy and Springs Worksheet
 WE&Springs:
http://www.erhsnyc.org/ourpages/auto/2012/1/16/43379601/Physics
%20Worksheet%20Work%20and%20Energy.pdf
 Hooke’s Law Lab
 Hooke’sLaw:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/Hooke'sLaw.doc
 Lecture: Energy Conservation
 WELesson: http://www2.cose.isu.edu/~hackmart/workenergyII.pdf
 Conservation in Circus Performers (not saved):
http://www.pbs.org/opb/circus/classroom/circus-
physics/conservation-energy/
 Quiz
 QuizKey
 Work/Energy problems
 WEProblems:
http://www.crashwhite.com/apphysics/materials/practicetests/practice
_test-4-work-energy.pdf
 WEProblemswAns2:
http://www2.sd35.bc.ca/teachers/aklassen/klassens_Science_Page/Phys
ics_11_files/Ch%2011%20Answers.pdf
 Go over solutions.

Saturday, July 13: Wrap-Up of Week 1 Activities

 Finish Station Rotation
 Student-Teacher Meetings

Week 2:
Monday, July 15: Energy Application
 Mass on Spring/Energy Lab
 Sconstantlab: http://www.utc.edu/Faculty/Harold-
Climer/sconstantlab.pdf
 EnergyMassSpringLab:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/EnergyMassSpring.doc
 Spring Problems
 SpringLecture:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/waves/u10l0d.cfm
 SpringProblems:
http://www.odonel.k12.nf.ca/physics/physics/2204work/3-
3_springs.pdf
 Library Research for Project
 Simple Harmonic Motion
 SHMLectureandProblems:
http://www.cscamm.umd.edu/people/faculty/tiglio/reviewch14-15.pdf
 Solving Dynamics with Energy
 Energy&KinematicsQuestion:
http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=160938
 Pendulum Lab
 PendulumLab: will conclude tomorrow; https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=9&sqi=2&ved=0CFoQFjAI&url=
http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncsec.org
%2Fteam2%2FPLab.doc&ei=ej7XUZqgG4rO9QTk_oGQDQ&usg=AFQjCNE
kdeB5OVMY0OHvQZf_AZRlVeHTvA&sig2=ltYtKsjQVEfOjje7ThPIVA
 SHM Worksheet
 SHMWkstwoAns
 Evening session: energy conservation packet

Tuesday, July 16: Dynamics

 Assign Project Topics and Groups

 Groups (of 2 or 3)
 Library Research for Project: 10-11AM, Bostock 023
 Spring Problems from yesterday
 Pendulum Lecture
 Finish Pendulum Lab
 Energy and Momentum
 IntroMomentum0:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/momentum/u4l1a.cfm
 IntroMomentum:
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/momentum/u4l2b.cfm
 Evening session: first few pages of pendulum packet

Wednesday, July 17: Waves and Nuclear Power

 Finish Energy and Momentum
 Energy and Momentum Packet
 MomentumProblems:
http://sctritonscience.com/Proodian/PhysicsCh8MomentumConservatio
n.pdf
 Wave Math
 Wavenotes: http://www2.cose.isu.edu/~hackmart/waves100.PDF
 Waves: http://www.finneytown.org/Downloads/te_ch11.pdf
 Slinky Demo with Worksheet
 PulsesOnACoilSpring:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/PulsesOnACoilSpring.doc
 Wave Problem-Solving
 Wavepacket-w&woans: http://lv-
staff.francisparker.org/RGriggs/courses/physics_2012_2013/uploads/L1
0.1%20Waves%20Intro%20with%20solutions.pdf
 Look at grades from lab
 Nuclear Power
 Lecture
 NuclearYT: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SZcMn_oQ-I
 NuclearNotes:
http://physics.doane.edu/hpp/Resources/Fuller3/pdf/F3Chapter_31.pdf
 Discussion/Debate Research
 ProsAndCons: http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/curiosity/topics/10-
pros-cons-nuclear-power.htm
 ProsAndCons2:
http://www.naturaledgeproject.net/TheGreatSustainabilityDebates-
NuclearPower.aspx
 Debate Rules:
 At a debate, one team will argue in favor (pro) and the other will argue
in opposition (con). Sometimes each team member speaks, and
sometimes the team selects one member to speak for the entire team.
 A judge or a panel of judges will assign points based on the strength of
the arguments and the professionalism of the teams. One team is
usually declared the winner and that team will advance to a new
round.
 A typical debate includes:
 Students hear the topic and take positions (pro and con)
 Teams discuss their topics and come up with statements
 Teams deliver their statements and offer main points
  Students discuss the opposition's argument and come up with
rebuttals
 Rebuttals delivered
 Closing statements made
 Each of these sessions is timed. For instance, teams may have only 3
minutes to come up with their rebuttal.
 Evening session: wave packet (2 documents)
 Evening session: Problems (without a “dagger”) at the end of the chapter used
for lecture prep:
http://physics.doane.edu/hpp/Resources/Fuller3/pdf/F3Chapter_31.pdf

Thursday, July 18: Fun Applications

 Hold Nuclear Debate!!!
 Anonymous Survey on looseleaf paper
 How do you feel about the class?
 What could Dylan or I do to improve the class for you personally?
 Circular Motion
 CircularMotionNotes (ar, banked turns, moving tangent to curve):
http://iws.collin.edu/mbrooks/documents/2425_lectures/Lecture
%20Ch5.pdf
 CircularMotionNotes2 (θ, ω, α, torque):
http://iws.collin.edu/mbrooks/documents/2425_lectures/Lecture
%20Ch10.pdf
 Vtan = 2*pi*r/T
 Circular Motion Worksheet
 CircularMotionWorksheet: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCwQFjAA&url=http
%3A%2F%2Fblogs.harrisonhigh.org%2Fkaren_spaeth%2FCircular
%2520Motion
%2520Worksheet.doc&ei=q97nUZjnEKvD4AODwYHIDA&usg=AFQjCNGB
PZiNd--Bfqhk27YGUkK2sELCDA&bvm=bv.49478099,d.dmg
 Circular Motion Virtual Lab
 CircMotionVirtualLab: http://vip.vast.org/Circ_Lab/Student_handout.pdf
 Stations (not downloaded): http://vip.vast.org/Circ_Lab/
 60 Symbols Video and Discussion (based on student interests)
 http://www.sixtysymbols.com/
 evening session: momentum

Friday, July 19: Review

 Research time for project
 Circular Motion Physical Lab
 CircularMotionLab:
http://sctritonscience.com/Wilson/physics/worksheets/Circular
%20Motion%20Lab.pdf
 Marble Drop Activity
 Marble:
http://www.bpa.gov/PublicInvolvement/CommunityEducation/Curricul
umActivities/Pages/The-Great-Marble-Drop.aspx
 Videos of Chernobyl and Three Mile Island:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETx6FRYKAGc
 Review Problems/Cheat Sheet Preparation
 Physics Midterm Review:
http://stusiakphys11.wikispaces.com/file/view/Physics+Midterm+Revie
w.pdf
 Breathing Exercise with Bethani

Saturday, July 20: Test

 Review
 Midterm

Week 3:
Monday, July 22: Energy Project and Quantum Mechanics
 Library research time
 QM presentation
 Qm_talk: http://www.bu.edu/gk12/marc/Lessons/qm/qm_talk.pdf
 QM:
http://www.teachers.yale.edu/curriculum/viewer/initiative_10.05.04_u#
c
 Doubleslitdemo:
http://web.centre.edu/jason.neiser/Classes/Phy230Files/Young's
%20double%20slit.pdf
 Doubleslitdemo2:
http://intro.phys.psu.edu/class/251Labs/10_Interference_&_Diffraction/
Single_and_Double-Slit_Interference.pdf
 QMWkst and with answers
 Evening session: circular motion

Tuesday July 23: Energy Project

 Energy Project Presentations
 ProjectRubric
 Evening session: work and energy worksheet, inclined plane worksheet

Wednesday, July 24: Astrophysics, Air Resistance and the Beginning of Circuits
 Astro presentation
 Dylan
 Air Resistance Discussion
 (Page 1 of) CoffeeFilters:
http://www.asdk12.org/staff/souza_david/HOMEWORK/199241_Coffee
Filters.pdf
 Coffee Filter Lab
 (Rest of pages of) CoffeeFilters:
http://www.asdk12.org/staff/souza_david/HOMEWORK/199241_CoffeeFilters.
pdf
 Evening Session: Look up a topic of your interest and present it to the class for 3-
5 minutes.

Thursday, July 25: Circuits and Energy Cost

 Electrical Energy Cost Worksheet
 EnergyCosts:
http://jabryan.iweb.bsu.edu/lowcostphysics/EnergyCosts.doc
 10-11:30 tour of chilled water plant
 circuits
 Einstein and Relativity
 RelativityQuestions: http://roberta.tevlin.ca/12U
%20Course/5)%20Relativity/5.1)%20Galilean%20relativity.doc
 RelativityQuestionswAns: http://roberta.tevlin.ca/12U
%20Course/5)%20Relativity/5.1)%20Galilean%20relativity
%20Teacher.doc
 Evening Session: Air Resistance Packet (2 documents)—on 08ws, ignore page 1

Friday, July 26: Class Closure, Electricity – class ends at three.

 Circuits, Resistors and Current
 Circuit Labs (from 208 Lab Manual)
 1-EConservation
 2-Caps
 3-MacroDC
 CurrentInaCircuit
 “An Open Circuit” (not saved; see printout)
 Student Teacher Meetings
 Course Review
 Course Evaluations

Saturday, July 27: Parent Conferences