1. Background :
With rapid growth in population providing food security has taken the Govt. as
well as planners in a quandary. The availability of land being limited, increased
production in agriculture front has become a matter of concern for every Government. It
cannot be gainsaid that, agriculture production alone can meet the demand of human
population. In this context production through poultry sector has become centre stage as a
means of alternative source of protein.
2. Scope
Poultry and poultry products constitutes an important component of human diet in
most of the developing countries of the world. This consumption is also increasing at a
rapid rate due to low fat content, easy availability & cost effectiveness.
Poultry is the least cost alternative only next to fish & produces more of animal
protein from the same amount of feed compared to milch cow, sheep, Goat & Pig.
Two eggs provide 160 calories of energy and more than 20% of the daily
requirement of proteins, Vit A, D & B12, Riboflabin, folic acid, Panthothenic acid,
Phosphorus, Iodine along with fat.
According to nutritional Advisory committee of India at least half an egg should
be made available to an average individual which workout to be 180 egg / annum.
Poultry farming require less area with high return than any other animal
husbandry and agriculture activities.
Land topography & soil fertility is never a criteria for poultry like agriculture.
Poultry farming involves high grade sophisticated technology with higher
profitability for which younger generation prefer this activity as their occupation than any
other agriculture & allied activities.
In the primary sector, Agriculture provides about 100 to 120 days employment to
the rural poor. Scanty land holding, land fragmentation and seasonal agriculture are not
able to provide full employment to the work-force which in turn creates disguise
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unemployment. Poultry farming can be a viable option for rural poor to overcome the
issue.
3. National Scenario:
Poultry industry is the fastest growing sector in Indian agriculture. India ranks the
5th largest producer of egg and 9th largest producer of poultry meat of the world producing
over 34 billion eggs and about 600 thousand tones of poultry meat in the year 2004.This
spectacular increase in production has occurred during last 3 decades due to continuous
efforts of our scientists, researchers and pioneers of this field. Many other factors which
include increased adoption of integrated farming system, contact farming, awareness of
people about diet and health, cost effectiveness of poultry meat compared to other meat,
its low fat content, superior protein quality and change of life style of the people are also
responsible for spectacular development of Poultry Sector. Over the past decade the
poultry industry in India has contributed approximately 1150 crores to our Gross National
Product.
An individual averagely need 125 gms. of animal protein everyday where as only
14 gms. is available which stands to 11% of the requirement. This prime shortfall can be
compensated from the growth of poultry industry, which is an important source of animal
protein and can be made available to the population within the shortest possible time.
4. State Scenario:
Being situated in the threshold of West Bengal, Bihar & North Eastern States
where demand of poultry and poultry products has been constantly on the rise, Orissa has
been identified as a suitable destination for setting of poultry units. The Agro climatic
condition of Orissa State is conducive for poultry farming, yet the growth rate is very
slow due to huge investment in this sector. It is the fastest growing sector, which
registered an average growth rate of 15 % per annum in Orissa during last 5 years. The
egg availability per year per head in Orissa is 32 eggs as compared to national average of
42 eggs. Poultry development in the State has taken a quantum leap in the last three
decades but the layer sector in the State is not up to the desired level.
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The Present human population in Orissa is 36.7 million (census 2001). 70% of the
poultry products and eggs are consumed in urban and semi urban areas. With the change
in rearing and feeding practices, the untouchability of poultry meet and eggs got changed
and got wide acceptance. Spread of education is also was responsible for accepting eggs
as a nutritious item in the diet. Poultry products like egg and chicken constitute a primary
source of animal protein. In this context it is desirable to enhance egg production in the
State.
The Govt. of Orissa is now giving more thrust to facilitate egg production through
certain initiatives and policy decisions. The increase in egg production of the State not
only will eradicate the protein hunger of the State but also can create huge employment
opportunities for people. The scope in this industry is enormous. The growth in Poultry
industry will help in development of a number of supporting and allied industries like
compound feed manufacturing, equipment and machinery, pharmaceuticals &
biologicals.
The Department of Fisheries & ARD has embarked upon an ambitious
programme to produce 59 lakh commercial eggs per day from 73.6 lakh layer birds
during the next 10 years period. Different Govt. Departments working on poverty
alleviation programme have been facilitated with different schemes and projects for
implementation.
Year-wise Production and Per capita Availability of Milk, Meat and Eggs in Orissa
Production of eggs Per capita availability of eggs
Year
(in millions) (nos/annum)
1998-99 762.79 22
1999-00 648.31 18
2000-01 730.10 20
2001-02 858.02 24
2002-03 909.49 25
2003-04 931.06 25
2004-05 12159.61 33
2005-06 1278.70 34
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The backyard poultry also play a vital role in the livelihood of millions of poor
people particularly tribals. As per 2003 Livestock Census, the total poultry population
including duckery in the State was 189.94 lakhs.
The present demand for table eggs is 64 lakh per day (including the requirement
for Mid Day Meal programme) vis-à-vis availability of 22 lakh eggs from commercial
layer units.
Presently, about 41 numbers Commercial Layer farms having 28.6 lakh birds are
running in the State. The size of these Commercial layer farms are ranging from 15,000
birds to 1, 50,000 birds. The total table egg production assuming 80 % production comes
to 22 lakhs per day.
The Govt. of Orissa has taken the following initiatives:
The Govt. of Orissa has been declared Poultry as Agriculture in 2005. This
step has enabled our poultry farmers to avail various incentives as being offered
to agriculture.
Finance Department has already issued VAT exemptions on poultry feed,
feed supplements and additives.
Government land can be alienated under Orissa Government Land
Settlement Act vide schedule-II of OGLS Rules.
Financing Institutions treating poultry as priority sector.
Capital Investment Subsidy @ 25% of the capital investment in case of the
general male entrepreneurs and @33% in case of SC/ST/Women/Graduates in
Agriculture & Allied discipline excluding cost of land maximum upto 25 lakhs is
being granted under Agriculture Policy 2008 by APICOL for promotion of
poultry sector.
State Level Apex Committee on poultry development constituted to ensure
better co-ordination.
Venture capital fund introduced by Govt. of India for poultry sector.
Additional increase in demand of egg through introduction of MDM
programme.
Strengthening of Department Poultry Farms - As a measure for promotion
of backyard poultry in the State, ARD Department has taken all steps for
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strengthening of departmental poultry & duck farms under the CSS programme “
Assistance to State Poultry / Duck farms”..
OERC has reduced the power tariff for poultry farms from Rs.4/- per unit
to Rs.1.10 /unit.
STATUS OF GOVT POULTRY / DUCK FARMS IN THE STATE UNDER THE CENTRALLY
SPONSORED SCHEME “ASSISTANCE TO STATE POULTRY/DUCK FARMS”:
Eight nos. of State Poultry Farms and two nos. of Duck breeding farms have been
strengthened at the cost of Rs 85.00 lakhs each under CSP assistance on 80:20 basis. The
objective of the scheme is to produce low input technology birds specified by Govt. of
India, which can be suitable for backyard poultry and having better survival at the
farmer’s door. It has been proposed to maintain 4000 parent layer bird stock out of which
2000 birds in lay through out the year at each of the farms with an aim to produce 3.65
lakhs hatching eggs to have 2.2 lakhs Day-Old-Chicks per annum to cater the need of
farmers of the area. This is intended to generate extra supplementary income for their
livelihood. A provision has also been made for Rs. 15.00 lakhs as a revolving fund and
placed with the concerned DLRDS/ Joint Director, Chipilima account for purchase of
hatching eggs, day old parent chicks, feed, medicine and transportation charges etc. The
revolving fund should effectively be utilized to make this operation as self sustaining. All
the Farm Managers have been delegated with them sufficient financial and administrative
powers to implement the scheme.
Sl. Name of the Farm Year of Area Approved Enhanced Present Bird Status at Present
no. Estb. (In Acres) strength Strength with Strength
CSP assistance
1 RPF Sundargarh 1938 32.94 1500 4000 823 Functioning
2 DPF Bolangir 1966 5.00 1000 4000 881 Functioning
3 IPDP BBSR 1964 18.00 1500 4000 1128 Functioning
4 DBF Cuttack 1977 3.05 1000 4000 1873 Functioning
5 DPF Semiliguda 1966 5.00 1000 4000 1083 Functioning
6 RPF Koraput 1957 9.00 500 4000 - Not Functioning
7 PBF Angul 1942 48.60 3000 4000 2400 Functioning
8 DPF Bhanjnagar 1961 3.00 500 4000 1620 Functioning
9 SPU Chipilima 1966 2.00 500 4000 954 Functioning
10 DBF Chipilima 1990 6.00 250 4000 - Functioning
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INFORMATION ON DEPARTMENTAL POULTRY FARMS FROM 2004-05 TO 2008-09
A Project proposal for establishment of a layer poultry Estate in the State has been
accordingly prepared.
5.1.1 The Govt. of India’s scheme to establish a Layer Poultry Estate will attract the
small/marginal farmers to set up commercial layer in the estate to enhance egg
production in the State.
5.1.2 Orissa to emerge as a role model for others in Poultry farming under Poultry
Estate through scientific management and adoption of modern technologies.
5.2. STRATEGY
5.2.1 Running all the 10 Government Poultry Farms with optimum capacity utilization.
5.2.3 Promoting backyard dual purpose small poultry units along with Chick rearing
Unit for rearing of chicks for initial 4 weeks.
5.2.4. Training of Poultry Estate members on poultry management, feeding practices &
particularly vaccination.
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5.3. GOAL:
Increase commercial egg production from 22 lakh to 59 lakh eggs per day
5.4.1. Strength:
5.4.2. Opportunity:
Increasing demand of egg.
Availability of land at an affordable price.
5.4.3. Weakness:
Price fluctuation.
Highly capital intensive.
Slow adoption of automation in production system.
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5.5.4. Threat:
Outbreak of disease like “Bird Flu”.
WTO: exposing the local industry to open competition.
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keeping in view factors like distance from water bodies, away from existing farms,
migratory birds flying route, etc.
6.3. The necessary steps will be taken by the State Government to constitute a State
Level Sanction and Monitoring Committee (SLSMC) headed by Principal Secretary,
Fisheries & Animal Resources Development Department of the State and keeping
representative from DADF, NABARD, leading bank, State Animal Husbandry
Department and APICOL.
6.4. Fencing:
The part of land meant for poultry sheds will be provided with fencing with 5 line
barbed wire. The length of fencing will have to cover the sides which are vulnerable for
animal and human entry. Since the forest lands are nearby, it is essential to prevent stray
animals from coming in. Entry of persons has to be restricted. In the entrance a provision
for foot bath for farmers and visitors should be a must. There should be only one entrance
gate made of iron. Every vehicle bringing feed and medicine has to be disinfected before
entering into the estate.
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Govt. of India & the expenditure made for electricity connection inside the Estate will be
provisioned in the Project Report.
6.9. Store rooms for vaccines, medicines & disease Investigation Lab.:
A store room for medicines and vaccines has been provisioned in the project
Report. The help of the District Diagnostic Laboratory functioning at the District Hqr.
Veterinary Dispensary will be availed at the time of the need of the proposed Layer
Poultry Estate.
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7. IMPLEMENTATION:
7.1. Identification and allotment of land for Estate:
At the initial stage 25 Acres of Govt. land has to be identified in Mayurbhanj District
and is to be allotted to the Layer Poultry Estate on lease basis.
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DETAIL PROJECT PROPOSAL
FOR
ESTABLISHMENT
OF
“LAYER POULTRY ESTATE”
IN
ORISSA
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DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES & ANIMAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT,
GOVERNMENT OF ORISSA.
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