Russian Federation

Ministry of Industry and Trade

Airplane Industry Department
Federal State Unitary Enterprise
«Siberian Aviation Research Institute Named After S.A. Chaplygin»

AN-2 ― NOSTALGIA FOR THE PAST OR

NEW VISION INTO THE FUTURE
Novosibirsk
2017
 FURTHER AMAISING DEVELOPMENT OF AN-2 AIRCRAFT

In March, 1946 a division of the Design Bureau OKB-115 was transformed

into the independent Design Bureau OKB-153 and O.K. Antonov was
appointed as the General Designer. The main task of the new Design
Bureau was to develop a new transport airplane.

On the 31st August, 1947 in favourable weather conditions with light crosswind, the
research pilot P.N. Volodin has conducted a maiden flight of the first plane prototype,
named SKA. The plane has performed two big circles at the altitude of 1200 meters
and after 30 minutes the plane has performed a successful landing.

In December, 1947 at the Air Force Test Base the official tests started, which
continued till March, 1948. In July of the same year the tests of the second prototype
with the engine AS-21 were completed.

On the 23rd August, 1948 the plane named An-2 was introduced to the Air Force
service and for Civil Aviation. Serial production of the plane has started at the plant
No 473 in Kiev.
 AIR MOBILITY

60% of Russian territory are regions of Siberia, Far East and Extreme North
15 territorial rural entities of the RF: air transportation is the main mode of transport
28 thousand rural locations — no access to ground transport

In settlements located on the lines of concentric circles domestic airports have to be built or
restored.

Areas where only air transportation is possible

Areas where there is partial ground transportation

Coefficient of air mobility for domestic airlines

Clarifications:
- On the map only those settlements are shown which have big regional airports (reference settlements);
- Concentric circles show the areas of graded availability of domestic airlines around settlements;
- The coefficient of air mobility shows the degree of domestic airlines use by the population of the indicated area.
 SMALL AIRCRAFT MARKET (2013–2015)

Identification of high-potential market segments for the use of commercial aviation planes with the take-
off weight below 8600 kg
Small aircraft (9–19) „Quasi-small“ aircraft

Planes for 9–19 seats

134 ВС – regular passenger carrying

operations on a commercial basis 46,3%

Lack of regular passenger Average occupancy of passenger

flow in regional aviation seats on the planes for 9-19 seats

Passenger carrying operations by planes for 9-19 seats are

NOT PROFITABLE!

Assessment of the Forecast for the current

current aircraft fleet aircraft fleet performance Profitable carrying operations
performance
(comparison, forecast)
9–19 seats 30–40 seats
cargo-carrying
Analysis of stock- operations cargo-and-passenger carrying
Demand forecast for out/overstock of
aircraft fleet carrying operations
carrying operations
capacity
by groups of aircrafts Partial replacement of helicopter carrying operations 25%
and regions of the RF Carrying of 2,0…2,5 tons of cargo of the market
Aviation works Main task
Forecast of the need in
Analysis of the new aircrafts by Major part of planes is for 9–19 seats
demand response classes and regions of 600
system the RF Replacement of the plane An-2
planes
Aircraft Upgrade WAYS OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM WITH
INCREASING OF THE SMALL AIRCRAFT FLEET

The most effective way for prompt increase of air fleet for domestic lines is
restoration of air worthiness and upgrade of civil and state aviation planes,
first of all An-2

Modification and upgrade of 500-600 An-2 planes will solve the issue with the lack of
carrying capacities and make the problem less serious for the nearest 5 – 7 years

Production of aviation equipment for regional aviation has to be focused on small

and medium private licensed air entities organized on a basis of modern technologies
 SELECTION CRITERIA OF
Aircraft Upgrade
PLANES FOR DEDICATED UPGRADE

Big fleet of aircraft both in service and stored

1
(An-2 ― about 1500 planes)

2 Affordable price

3 Unique takeoff and landing performance and flight characteristics

4 Robust and unique serviceability of the structural system

5 Strong landing gears for any surface airfields, including a softened by melted snow

Availability of the required infrastructure for execution of big number of planes upgrade
6
within a short period of time for further utilization
Sufficient number of pilots in command, pilots and technical crew of preretirement age with
7
experience of An-2 planes operation
Aircraft Upgrade UPGRADE OF THE PLANE An-2

Purpose of the work

 Increase of the commercial efficiency of the plane An-2 with

preservation of long-range capabilities and load-carrying capability;
 Improvement of takeoff and landing performance and operational
characteristics of the plane An-2 ensuring its operations in conditions of
unequipped airdromes, small-scale landing sites selected while in flight.

Upgrade of the Replacement of the reciprocating engine AS-62IR with the jet-
power unit prop engine TRE-331-12 ensures:

Switch from the rare and expensive aviation gasoline to the aviation
kerosene TS-1 widely used in aviation;
Decrease of the fuel flow in comparison with the gasoline reciprocating
engine AS-62IR for 10%;
Reduction of the cost per flight-hour in almost 3 times;
Operations in conditions of the Extreme North including operations
with the wheel-ski landing gear;
Flight height ― to 4 000 meters (with passengers), cruise speed ― 210
km/h;
The price of the upgraded plane TVS-2MS is 1 280 000 dollars.; 7
Conversion of application scenarios.
 Aircraft Upgrade UPGRADE OF THE PLANE An-2

Comparison of the plane TVS-2MS flight characteristics with analogs’ characteristics

An-3 TVS-2MS Сessna 208B Grand Caravan

Сessna 208B
## Flight characteristics An-2 An-3 TVS-2MS Grand
Caravan
1 Empty weight, kg 3 350 3 450 3 050 2 048
2 Maximum payload, kg 1 500 1 800 2 100* 1 404
3 Cruising speed, km/h 180 240 250 320
4 Fuel consumption per hour (cruise speed), l/h 190 260 200 220
5 Flying range with full load, km 780 900 1 400 400
6 Takeoff run/landing run, m 150/170 140/100 50/80 354/218
7 Minimum fuel consumption per hour, l/h 120 180 119 130
8 Time to climb 3 000 m, min. 26 6 7 13
9 Maximum ceiling, m 4 400 4 900 7 300 7 620
*- is currently subject to certification routine
 Aircraft Upgrade UPGRADE OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

Comparison of the plane TVS-2MS flight characteristics with analogs’ characteristics

DHC-6 Twin Otter TVS-2MS Сessna 208B Grand Caravan

An-2 wing surface - 72 sq.m.

for 30 sq.m. less than wing surface of the Boeing-737

Wing surface of Cessna 208B GC - 26 sq.m. – 3 times less!

Wing surface of DHC-6 Twin Otter - 39 sq.m. – 2 time less!
9
Aircraft Upgrade UPGRADE OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

23rd March, 2012

The plane An-2 with the engine TRE331-12

Airdrome “Yeltsovka”
Novosibirsk

Takeoff weight: 4100 kg

Headwind 6…9 m/s
Temperature +3°C
Atm. Pressure P=745 mmHg

10
Aircraft Upgrade UPGRADE OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

11
 Aircraft Upgrade MODIFICATIONS OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

Installation of the new engine because of the weight reduction and CG change required
development of the new engine compartment

The design of the engine compartment

was performed with 3D-modeling
 STATIC STRESS TESTS OF TVS-2MS
Aircraft Upgrade
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM ELEMENTS

✓ Static stress tests of the engine mount and standard

hinge fitting were performed for 25 000 flight hours
(6250 landings)

✓ Tests for fatigue life of the engine mount drawing bars

elements were performed
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL TO OPERATE THE PLANE TVS-2MS (“TYPE CERTIFICATE”)
 Aircraft Upgrade MODIFICATIONS OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

Air propeller’s anti-icing

system

Modern avionics (glass cockpit) installed in TVS-2MS

Extending of the range and operational conditions (performing day and night flights on both VFR
and IFR )
 Aircraft Upgrade FURTHER SERIOUS UPGRADE OF An-2 AIRCRAFT

Installation of the wing anti-icing system

Installation of the weather radar

Installation of additional fuel tanks

Extending of the range and operational conditions (performing day and night flights in
both VFR and IFR)
 Aircraft Upgrade MODIFICATIONS OF THE An-2 DESIGN

Modification of the passengers’ cabin in TVS-2MS for passenger carrying operations

1. Installation of thermal insulation panels and

soundproofing panels
2. Options of configurations for 9-12 seats
3. Comfortable passenger seats
4. Individual lighting and conditioning
5. Installation of the toilet
6. Individual shelves for baggage
 Control and actions on fires

Fire card
For suppression of fires on big areas it is reasonable to use the planes Fire dynamics
Air department Novosibirsk Wind m/s
TVS-2MS for precipitation enhancement from clouds and also: Air department # Fire seats detect.
Suppressed

* identification of forest fires contours and areas; Forestry # Fire seats suppr-d Time

* escorting air base aircraft; # Front. Fall-out State Suppressed

Ownership RF entities’ woods Woods category Protective Type Ground/medium
* display of aircraft routes on the electronic map GIS. Zone Aviation Cover Grass Nature Soft wood

* reception and display of navigational data on the air traffic control Notification time Lands category Natural stand Other Pinetree
Human fault Coverage
center monitor screen and on the monitor screen of the aircraft Suppression start
Forestry
Reason
Way of detection Aer. For-t Fir.Center Incl. surf/undergr.
observer; Forestry area Aircraft lease Non covered area

* data exchange between the air traffic control center and the aircraft Az from air dep. Other costs Non forested area

Quarter
observer’s monitor in the real-time mode via cell communication Dist. from air dep.
Latitude
Forestry exp-s
Costs for restor. Division
channel; Longitude Price of comm. Jumps/descents

* collection of accumulated and saved navigational data in the District Protocol date
Settlement Protocol ref. Cargo delivery, kg
nonvolatile memory of the hardware and software system of a mobile Incl. aviation del, kg
Az to settlement
object (mode “black box”); Dist. To settlement
Note
Cargo taken, kg

* possibility to transfer the prepared navigational data on the Dist. to land. place People
Equipment
(No)
(No)
Dist. to transp. lines
performed flight via electronic communication channels. Aircraft (No)
Dynamics People and eq. Aircraft
 Multitasking ground photography

Remote and thermal-imaging monitoring for needs of

geodesics and map-making

On the plane there will be the following systems and units of

video and aerial photography equipment:
- gyro stabilized platform with prepared cassettes and
installed lens system;
- sighting system;
- global positioning system;
- Equipment control complex;
- Flight navigator’s on-board monitor and the air position
indicator for pilots.
 APPLICATION OF THE SKI LANDING
Aircraft Upgrade
GEAR ON THE PLANE TVS-2MS

Extending range and operational conditions (performing day and night flights in both
VFR and IFR)
 Aircraft Upgrade MEDEVAC VERSION OF TVS-2MS AIRCRAFT

MEDICAL UNIT
Medical unit is assigned for evacuation up to four litter patients in emergency situations and
provision of qualified medical help with the use of various sets of medical equipment
 USE OF THE TVS-2MS FOR
Aircraft Upgrade
AIR DROP OF WATER IN FIRE FIGHTING

Place of fire in
a forested area

Landing site

The set of equipment for

suppression of fire in a forested
area: Source of water
• 2‒3 planes
• 2‒3 water tank trucks
Water drop tank for 2 tons of water Water tank
truck

Filled under pressure

High-potential planes for equipping with control tools on a basis of
plane air spray generators SAG – 26
TVS-2MS
Basic technical characteristics:
• Takeoff weight – 5,5 t.
• Payload weight – 1,5 t.
• Cruising speed– 220 km/h.
• Max flight duration– 7 h.
• Service ceiling (with oxygen dispensing
equipment) – to 7000 m.
Advantage of usage:
• Possibility of operations from soft
surface sites in the area of works
performance
• Ease of operation;
• Low cost of flight hour.
High-potential planes for equipping with control tools on a
basis of plane air spray generators SAG – 26
TVS-2DT
Basic technical characteristics:
• Takeoff weight – 5,7 t.
• Payload weight – 1 t.
• Cruising speed– 280 km/h.
• Max flight duration– 7 h.
• Service ceiling (with oxygen dispensing
equipment) – to 7000 m.
Advantage of usage:
• Keeps takeoff and landing performance
of AN-2;
• Equipped with modern flight and
navigation equipment allowing performance
of flights in clouds;
• Equipped with weather radar;
• Low cost of flight hour.
High-potential planes for equipping with control tools on a
basis of plane air spray generators SAG – 26
TVS-2DT

Weather radar on the left plane of the top wing на

 THE CONCEPT OF PLANES
Aircraft Upgrade
DESIGNED FOR DOMESTIC ROUTES

Plane TVS-2MS
Modern aviation electronics

Upgrade degree.
Switch to advanced composite
materials. Weight efficiency of the
structural system. Low cost of
manufacturing.

Comfortable passenger cabin of TVS-

2MS
 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANE
Aircraft Upgrade
TO REPLACE An-2 (NEW PLANE DESIGN)

Plane is designed with big upgrade margin

✓
✓ plane An-2 (short takeoff and landing runs)
Preservation of takeoff-landing performance of the

✓
Increase of the flight cruising speed to 350 km/h

✓
Increase of the maximum range to 4200 km

✓ Increase of the commercial payload to 3500 kg

✓ Maximum takeoff weight 7300 kg
✓ Installation of APU as an additional thrust power unit
Performing day and night flights under both VFR and
✓ IFR
✓
Possibility of operations at northern latitudes

✓ Shedless storage of the plane

 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANE TO REPLACE An-2
Aircraft Upgrade
(TECHNOLOGIES DEMONSTRATOR)

Flight testing of the demonstrator (configuration is biplane + new horizontal and vertical fins

Flight development testing

(determination of main flight performance data)
 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANE TO REPLACE An-2
Aircraft Upgrade
(TECHNOLOGIES DEMONSTRATOR)

TVS-2DT new bubble shape canopy brings up to 11% fuel economy at cruse speed
Flight development testing
(determination of main flight performance data)
High-potential planes for equipping with control tools on a
basis of plane air spray generators SAG – 26
TVS-2DT

The plane is equipped with modern flight and navigation equipment

 FSUE “SibNIA named after S.A. Chaplygin”
Polzunova st., 21, Novosibirsk, 630051, Russia
e-mail: sibnia@sibnia.ru, www.sibnia.com, www.sibnia.ru