BS 4346-3

BRITISH STANDARD BS 4346-3:
1982
Incorporating
Amendment No. 1
Joints and fittings for

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use with unplasticized

PVC pressure pipes —
Part 3: Specification for solvent cement
UDC 621.643.41.06-987:678.743.22-462:621.643.44:666.968.8
Copyright British Standards Institution

Reproduced by IHS under license with BSI - Uncontrolled Copy Licensee=University of Hong Kong/5910986001
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 06/16/2005 01:50:27 MDT
BS 4346-3:1982
Cooperating organizations
The Plastics Standards Committee, under whose direction this British

Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following:
British Plastics Federation* Engineering Equipment Users’ Association*

British Resin Manufacturers’ Association Era Technology Ltd.
Chemical Industries Association Institution of Production Engineers
Department of Industry (Chemicals and Ministry of Defence
Textiles) Plastics and Rubber Institute*
Department of the Environment (PSA)* Post Office
Department of the Environment (Building Royal Institute of British Architects*
Research Establishment) Rubber and Plastics Research Association of
Department of Trade (Metrology, Quality Great Britain
Assurance, Safety and Standards Division) Society of Chemical Industry
Electrical and Electronic Insulation Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders
Association (BEAMA) Limited
Electrical Installation Equipment
Manufacturers’ Association (BEAMA)
The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the
following, were directly represented on the Technical Committee entrusted
with the preparation of this British Standard:
British Chemical and Dyestuffs Traders’ Institute of Plumbing

Association Institution of Civil Engineers
British Gas Corporation Institution of Municipal Engineers
British Valve Manufacturers’ Association Institution of Public Health Engineers
Ltd. Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists
Copper Tube Fittings Manufacturers’ National Association of Plumbing, Heating
Association and Mechanical Services Contractors
Department of the Environment (Housing and National Water Council
Construction) Oil Companies Materials Association
Electricity Supply Industry in England and Water Companies Association
Wales Water Research Centre
This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Plastics
Standards Committee, was
published under the authority
of the Board of BSI and comes
into effect on
31 August 1982
© BSI 03-1999 Amendments issued since publication

First published July 1974
First revision August 1982
Amd. No. Date of issue Comments
5338 July 1987 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference PLM/9
Draft for comment 80/53455 DC
ISBN 0 580 12673 0
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BS 4346-3:1982
Contents
Page
Cooperating organizations Inside front cover
Foreword ii
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1 Scope 1
2 References 1
3 Materials 1
4 Testing requirements 1
5 Requirements for physical tests 2
6 Marking 2
Appendix A Method of test for the determination of shear strength 3
Appendix B Method of test for the determination of film properties 3
Appendix C Method of test for the determination of the long-term
hydrostatic pressure requirements 3
Appendix D Preparation of test joints 4
Figure 1 — Jig arrangement for the shear strength test 5
Figure 2 — Solvent cement spreader 6
Table 1 — Tests 2
Table 2 — Long-term hydrostatic pressure requirements 2
Publications referred to Inside back cover

© BSI 03-1999 i
BS 4346-3:1982
Foreword
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This revision of this Part of this British Standard has been prepared under the
direction of the Plastics Standards Committee. When revising this Part
consideration has been given to the discussions on solvent cements being held
within Technical Committee TC 138 of the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in which the UK has taken an active part. However, the
international standard has not yet been published.
This Part was first published in 1974 and specified the requirements for solvent
cement for use with joints and fittings for use with unplasticized polyvinyl
chloride pressure pipes and gravity sewer pipes.
The main changes from the 1974 edition are as follows:
a) the scope has been enlarged to include the suitability of use with
non-pressure pipes and gravity sewer pipes;
b) the solvent cement shall be thixotropic;
c) the requirements for the effects of materials on water quality are included
(by Amendment No. 1) in a form to enable solvent cements complying with this
British Standard to be acceptable to UK water undertakings; and
d) the marking requirements of the containers have been amended.
Part 1 of this standard specifies requirements for injection moulded unplasticized
PVC fittings for solvent welding for use with pressure pipes including potable
water supply and Part 2 specifies requirements for mechanical joints and fittings
principally of unplasticized PVC. No other parts are at present under
consideration.
Attention is also drawn to BS 6209 which specifies the requirements of solvent

cement for non-pressure thermoplastics pipe systems but which is not suitable for
pressure pipes or gravity sewer pipes complying with BS 5481.
Reference should be made to CP 312 for further information on the use of
thermoplastics pressure pipes.
Certification. Attention is drawn to the certification facilities described on the
inside back cover of this Part.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii © BSI 03-1999
BS 4346-3:1982
1 Scope Concentrations of substances, chemicals and

biological agents leached from materials in contact
This Part of this British Standard specifies the
with potable water, and measurements of the
requirements for solvent cement, supplied in cans or
relevant organoleptic/physical parameters shall not
tubes for jointing unplasticized PVC pressure pipes
exceed the maximum values recommended by the
complying with the requirements of BS 3505 and World Health Organization in its publication
BS 3506, unplasticized PVC fittings complying with “Guidelines for drinking water quality Vol. 1
the requirements of Part 1 of this standard and
Recommendations” (WHO, Geneva, 1984)1) or as
unplasticized PVC pipes and fittings complying
required by the EEC Council Directive
with the requirements of BS 5481.
of 15 July 1980 relating to the quality of water
The solvent cement is also suitable, along with intended for human consumption (Official Journal
solvent cement complying with the requirements of of the European Communities L229, pp 11–29)1),
BS 6209, for jointing products complying with the whichever in each case is the more stringent.
requirements of BS 4514, BS 4576 and BS 4660. NOTE 1 Requirements for the testing of non-metallic materials
NOTE This Part of this British Standard does not specify the in these respects are set out in the UK Water Fittings Byelaws
type of can used for solvent cement, but it recommends a colour Scheme Information and Guidance Note No. 5-01-02,
for the cans. ISSN 0267-0313, obtainable from the Water Research Centre,
Water Byelaws Advisory Service, 660 Ajax Avenue, Slough,
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Berkshire SL1 4BG.
2 References NOTE 2 Pending the determination of suitable means of
The titles of standards publications referred to in characterizing the toxicity of leachates from materials in contact
with potable water, materials approved by the Department of the
this standard are listed on the inside back cover. Environment Committee on Chemicals and Materials of
Construction for use in Public Water Supply and Swimming
3 Materials Pools are considered free from toxic hazard for the purposes of
compliance with this subclause. A list of approved chemicals and
3.1 The solvent cement shall be thixotropic and materials is available from the Technical Secretary of that
consist substantially of solvents that will swell committee at the Department of the Environment, Water
unplasticized PVC, polymers and stabilizers. Division, Romney House, 43 Marsham Street, London
SW1P 3PY.
NOTE Fillers may be incorporated. NOTE 3 Products manufactured for installation and use in the
3.2 The solvent cement shall be capable of United Kingdom which are verified and listed under the UK
Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme, administered by the Water
application by a brush and shall contain no lumps or Research Centre (address as in note 1), are deemed to satisfy the
foreign matter. requirements detailed in this subclause.
3.3 The manufacturer shall indicate by suitable
marking [see clause 6 g)] that the solvent cement, in 4 Testing requirements
unopened containers, has a shelf life of 12 months 4.1 Type tests. Type tests, as given in Table 1, are
when stored according to the manufacturer’s intended to prove the suitability of a formulation
instructions, and will meet the physical and and method of manufacture. They shall be applied
material requirements of the standard at least to at least once each year of manufacture, or whenever
that date. a change is made to the formulation or method of
3.4 When used under the conditions for which they manufacture.
are designed, non-metallic materials in contact with 4.2 Batch tests. Batch testing shall be carried out
or likely to come into contact with potable water to control the quality of the solvent cement.
shall not constitute a toxic hazard, shall not support NOTE A batch is defined as one production lot from a single
microbial growth and shall not give rise to mix, which may be despatched in a number of smaller cans.
unpleasant taste or odour, cloudiness or The tests to be carried out on a batch shall be as
discoloration of the water. given in Table 1.
1)
Available from HMSO.
© BSI 03-1999
1
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BS 4346-3:1982
Table 1 — Tests Table 2 — Long-term hydrostatic pressure

Test Clauses
requirements
Temperature Pressure Test period
Type test Batch test
°C bar h
Shear strength 5.1 5.1.2
5.1.3 20 ± 2 47 25
Film properties 5.2 5.2.1 a) 20 ± 2 40 1 000
Long-term hydrostatic 5.3 — 60 ± 2 18 25
pressure 60 ± 2 13.5 1 000
NOTE 1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.
5 Requirements for physical tests
5.1 Shear strength 6 Marking
5.1.1 When tested by the method described Each container of solvent cement shall be clearly
in Appendix A, taking measurements at 1 h, 24 h labelled with the following information as
and 366 h after assembly, the individual values of applicable:
five test pieces at each period shall be not less a) the manufacturer’s identification;
than 0.6 MPa, 2.0 MPa or 5.0 MPa respectively. b) the number of this British Standard,
5.1.2 When tested by the method described i.e. BS 4346-32);
in Appendix A, taking measurements at 24 h after c) the nominal content by mass or volume;
assembly, the shear strength of a test piece from
d) if a can the batch number from which the can
each batch shall not be less than 2.0 MPa.
was filled;
5.1.3 The 95 % lower confidence limit of the
e) a list of the thermoplastics pipe standards for
latest 25 batch test results, as a maximum,
which the cement is suitable (see clause 1);
determined by the method described in BS 2846-2,
shall be not less than 0.2 MPa below the f) any safety precautions relating to use and
average 24 h result determined in 5.1.1. storage.
5.2 Film properties g) the month and year in which the batch was
manufactured, and a statement to the effect that
5.2.1 When tested in accordance with the method the solvent cement has a shelf life of 12 months
described in Appendix B the solvent cement shall when stored in unopened containers in
comply with the following requirements. accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
a) The film produced shall be even, continuous The following additional information shall be
and free from lumps and foreign matter. included in the labelling, if space permits, or in the
Entrapped air shall not constitute failure. product literature or on a carton holding containers:
b) The film from a) shall be sufficiently flexible to h) directions of use including:
be wrapped around a 25 mm diameter mandrel
1) joint preparation (a recommended procedure
without developing cracks or splits and shall be
is given in Appendix D);
not less than 0.2 mm thick at any point.
2) the instruction “do not decant or dilute”;
c) The film shall not flow or drip when held in a
vertical position for 5 min. 3) the instruction “the joint shall not be
5.3 Long-term hydrostatic pressure. When disturbed for at least 10 min after assembly”;
tested in accordance with the method described i) the statement “the useful life of the solvent
in Appendix C the joints shall not leak at each of the cement can be conserved by replacing the lid or
set of conditions given in Table 2. cap, as applicable, immediately after each time
of use”.
For type test purposes, one of four test pieces shall
be tested at each of the four test conditions given NOTE It is recommended that containers be coloured blue to
assist in identification. Solvent cement is available in containers
in Table 2 respectively. in a variety of sizes which allow for a range in the number and
size of joints being made during a short period.
2) Marking BS 4346-3 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in
accordance with the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturer’s
responsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification should be addressed to the appropriate certification
body.
2 © BSI 03-1999
BS 4346-3:1982
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Appendix A Method of test for the Appendix B Method of test for the
determination of shear strength determination of film properties
A.1 Apparatus NOTE This test is often referred to as the SAFFT test (spread,
appearance, flexibility, flow and thickness).
A.1.1 A tensile testing machine, complying with the
requirements of BS 5214-1. B.1 Apparatus
B.1.1 A spreading jig as illustrated in Figure 2 with
A.1.2 A jig, to connect the test assembly to the
the spreader blade clearance set
machine (a suitable arrangement is illustrated
at 2.0 + 0.1, – 0 mm.
in Figure 1).
B.1.2 A metal mandrel, 25 mm in diameter.
A.2 Test pieces. The test pieces shall be assemblies
of a 75 mm length of pipe complying with the B.2 Test conditions. The test shall be carried out
requirements of BS 3505, nominal size 1 and of at 23 ± 2 °C.
suitable wall thickness to withstand the force B.3 Procedure
applied during the test, and an unplasticized PVC B.3.1 Place the apparatus with the blade preset to
socket with a parallel bore 20 + 5, – 0 mm in length the required clearance on a supported horizontal
and of a diameter to give a diametral clearance sheet of glass or other material unaffected by the
between the socket inside diameter and the mean solvent cement.
outside diameter of the pipe of 0.8 + 0, – 0.05 mm.
B.3.2 Fill the D-shaped space with the solvent
A.3 Procedure cement under test and firmly slide the apparatus to
A.3.1 Prepare the number of test pieces, appropriate produce a film at least 100 mm long and leave to dry
to the number of tests being carried out, in for 24 h.
accordance with the procedure described B.3.3 Repeat the above procedure but use a flat
in Appendix D. sheet of unplasticized PVC in place of the glass.
A.3.2 Condition the test pieces at 23 ± 2 °C Immediately after forming the film hold the sheet in
and 50 ± 5 % r.h. for at least 30 min prior to the test a vertical position for 5 min.
which may be part of the 1 h, 24 h or 336 h between B.4 Evaluation
assembly and testing.
B.4.1 After 24 h examine the film formed in B.3.2
A.3.3 Place the test piece in the jig, 1 h, 24 h for continuity and lumps or foreign matter.
or 336 h after assembly, as appropriate, and apply a
force by separation of the jaws at a rate B.4.2 After 336 h remove the film formed in B.3.2
of 5 ± 0.5 mm/min. from the backing sheet and check its thickness.
Then wrap it around the mandrel and examine for
A.3.4 Note the maximum force required to cause cracks or splits.
failure.
B.4.3 After 5 min examine the film formed in B.3.3
A.4 Calculation. Calculate the shear strength, S, for flow or dripping.
of each test piece from the following equation:
B.5 Report. The report shall include the following:
F
S = -------------- a) the batch number and identification of the
Ï d l solvent cement tested;
where b) a description of the film including the presence,
F is the force required to cause failure (in MPa), if any, of lumps or foreign matter;
d is the internal diameter of the socket ( in mm), c) the amount of flow, as appropriate;
l is the length of the joint (in mm). d) the presence of cracks or splits and the film
A.5 Report. The report shall include the following: thickness, as appropriate;
a) the batch number and identification of the e) the date of the test.
solvent cement tested;
b) the shear strength of the individual tests at
Appendix C Method of test for the
either or both periods between assembly and determination of the long-term
testing; hydrostatic pressure requirements
c) the average of the results of the type test; C.1 Apparatus
d) the value of the 95 % confidence limits of the C.1.1 A water bath or air space, maintained
batch tests at the date of the test, when at 20 ± 2 °C or 60 ± 20 °C, as appropriate.
appropriate; C.1.2 A pressure source, to maintain an internal
e) the date of the test. hydrostatic pressure as required ± 2 %.

© BSI 03-1999 3
BS 4346-3:1982
C.2 Test piece. The test piece shall be assemblies b) the temperature, pressure and period of test,
of a 250 mm length of pipe complying with the as appropriate;
requirements of BS 3505, nominal size 1 and of c) the condition of the test joint after the test;
suitable wall thickness to withstand the force
d) the date of the test.
applied during the test, and an unplastitized PVC
socket with a parallel bore 20 + 5, – 0 mm in length
and of a diameter to give a diametral clearance
Appendix D Preparation of test joints
between the socket inside diameter and the mean The following recommended procedure is known to
outside diameter of the pipe of 0.8 + 0, – 0.05 mm. be suitable:
The ends shall be closed with suitable connections to a) check that the solvent cement complies with
contain the applied pressure. the requirements of clause 3;
C.3 Procedure b) ensure the end of the pipe or fitting to form the
C.3.1 Prepare the solvent cement joint between the spigot is cut at right angles to its axis;
pipe and socket by the method described c) remove any swarf and other debris from the
in Appendix D using the solvent cement under test. joining surfaces of the socket and spigot;
C.3.2 Close the ends with suitable connections for d) for the tests other than the shear strength test,
pressurization and condition the test piece cut a chamfer of 15° to 20° with a length of 1 mm
at 23 ± 2 °C for at least 14 days. to 2 mm round the outside of the spigot;
C.3.3 Fill the test piece with water taking care to e) uniformly roughen the mating surfaces by
expel all air and mount it in the temperature abrading with clean grade no. 1 emery cloth or
controlled apparatus, at the appropriate grade F2 glass paper complying with the
temperature for the test being carried out requirements of BS 871;
(see Table 2), in a way which will ensure full end f) clean the mating surfaces with absorbent paper
thrust is applied when pressurized. soaked in acetone or cleaning fluid recommended
C.3.4 Apply the appropriate test pressure to the test by the solvent cement manufacturer;
piece and maintain for the appropriate test period g) apply one coat of solvent cement evenly to the
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(see Table 2). mating surfaces using a clean brush and stroking
C.3.5 Examine the test piece for evidence of leakage the solvent cement along and not round the
at the prepared joint. surfaces;
C.4 Report. The report shall include the following: h) immediately push the joint together without
a) the batch number and identification of the twisting until the full length of the socket is
solvent cement tested; reached. Hold for 20 s to 30 s and remove any
surplus solvent cement from the mouth of the
socket.
4 © BSI 03-1999
BS 4346-3:1982
Figure 1 — Jig arrangement for the shear strength test

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© BSI 03-1999 5
BS 4346-3:1982
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Figure 2 — Solvent cement spreader
6 © BSI 03-1999
BS 4346-3:1982
Publications referred to
BS 871, Abrasive papers and cloths for general purposes.

BS 2846, Guide to statistical interpretation of data.
BS 2846-2, Estimation of the mean-confidence interval.
BS 3505, Unplasticized PVC pipe for cold water services.
BS 3506, Unplasticized PVC pipe for industrial purposes.
BS 4346, Joints and fittings for use with unplasticized PVC pressure pipes.
BS 4346-1, Injection moulded unplasticized PVC fittings for solvent welding for use with pressure pipes,
including potable water supply.
BS 4346-2, Mechanical joints and fittings principally of unplasticized PVC3).
BS 4514, Unplasticized PVC soil and ventilating pipe, fittings and accessories.
BS 4576, Unplasticized PVC rainwater goods.
BS 4660, Unplasticized PVC underground drain pipe and fittings.
BS 5214, Testing machines for rubbers and plastics.
BS 5214-1, Tensile, flexural and compression machines.
BS 5481, Specification for unplasticized PVC pipe and fittings for gravity sewers.
BS 6209, Solvent cement for non-pressure thermoplastics pipe systems.
CP 312, Plastics pipework (thermoplastics materials)3).
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3) Referred to in foreword only.
© BSI 03-1999
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BRITISH STANDARD BS 4346-3:

Joints and fittings for

use with unplasticized

Copyright British Standards Institution

The Plastics Standards Committee, under whose direction this British

British Plastics Federation* Engineering Equipment Users’ Association*

British Chemical and Dyestuffs Traders’ Institute of Plumbing

This British Standard, having

© BSI 03-1999 Amendments issued since publication

5338 July 1987 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

ISBN 0 580 12673 0

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

Attention is also drawn to BS 6209 which specifies the requirements of solvent

1 Scope Concentrations of substances, chemicals and

Table 1 — Tests Table 2 — Long-term hydrostatic pressure

Copyright British Standards Institution

Figure 1 — Jig arrangement for the shear strength test

Copyright British Standards Institution

Figure 2 — Solvent cement spreader

BS 871, Abrasive papers and cloths for general purposes.

3) Referred to in foreword only.

Copyright British Standards Institution

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