Created by:
Minarti (14141011)
Faiza Laela Rakhmi (15141012)
Rima Kusuma Dewi (15141017)
Solids means:
Objects whose having fixed shape and size, and occupying fixed space are called
solids. Solids determined in various geometrical shapes. These shapes are known as
three-dimensional figures.
Sides, Point, and Edges of a three-dimensional Figure:
Sides: Each flat part of a solid is called its face.
Point: Each corner where three sides of a solid meet is called its vertex. The
plural of vertex is points.
Edges: The two sides of a solid meet in a line, called an edge.
1. CUBOID
A cuboid is a box-shaped object. It has six flat sides and all angles are right
angles . A box, a matchbox, a book, a brick, a tile, and many others are all in the
shape of a cuboid.
Descriptions:
Component Volume Formula Surface Area
Formula
Sides of a Cuboid: 𝑙𝑤ℎ 2(𝑙𝑤 + 𝑙ℎ + 𝑤ℎ)
A cuboid has 6 sides. Where l = length
In the given figure, the 6 w= width
sides of the cuboid h= height
are: ABCD, EFGH, ADHE,
BCGF, ABFE and DCGH.
Points of a Cuboid:
A cuboid has 8 points.
In the given figure, the 8
points of the cuboid are: A,
B, C, D, E, F, G, H.
Edges of a Cuboid:
A cuboid has 12 edges.
In the given figure, the 12
edges of the cuboid are: AB,
BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH,
HE, AE, DH, BF, CG.
2. CUBE
A cuboid whose length, width and height are equal is called a cube.
Descriptions :
Component Volume Formula Surface Area
Formula
Sides of a Cube: 𝑠3 6𝑠 2
A cube has 6 sides. Where s = length of the Where s = length of
In the given figure, the 6 side the side
sides of the cube
are: ABCD, EFGH, ADHE,
BCGF, ABFE and DCGH
Points of a Cube:
A cube has 8 points.
In the given figure, the 8
points of the cube are: A, B,
C, D, E, F, G, H
Edges of a Cube:
A cube has 12 edges.
In the given figure, the 12
edges of the cube are: AB,
BC, CD, DA, EF, FG, GH,
HE, AE, DH, BF, CG.
3. PRISM
A solid whose two sides are parallel plane of polygons and the sides are rectangles
is called a prism.
Triangular Prism:
A triangular prism is consist of two parallel end-sides each one of which is a
triangle and three lateral sides each one of which is a rectangle.
Descriptions:
Component Volume Formula Surface Area Formula
4. PYRAMID
A pyramid is a solid whose base is a plane rectilinear figure and the sides are
triangles.
Square Pyramid:
It is a solid whose base is a square and the side sides are triangles.
Descriptions:
Component Volume Formula Surface Area Formula
Points of a Square Pyramid: 1 𝑏 2 + 2𝑏𝑡
𝐵ℎ
A square pyramid has 5 3 Where b = length of the
Where B = area of
points. base
base
In the given figure, OABCD is t= altitide
h= height
a square pyramid having O, A,
B, C, D as its points.
Sides of a Square Pyramid:
A square pyramid has sides
one of which is a square face
and the rest four are
triangular sides.
In the given figure, OABCD is
a square pyramid having
ABCD as its square face and
OAD, OCD, OBC and OAB as
its triangular sides
Edges of a Square Pyramid:
A square pyramid has 8
edges.
In the given figure, the square
pyramid OABCD has 8 edges,
namely, AB, BC, CD, DA,
OA, OB, OC and OD.
A square pyramid has length of the base 5 and height is 6 cm. find volume of
the square pyramid!
Solution:
1
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑥 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
3
1
= 𝑥 52 𝑥 6
3
1
= 𝑥 25 𝑥 6
3
1
= 𝑥 150
3
= 50 𝑐𝑚3
So, volume of the square pyramid is 50 𝑐𝑚3
EXERCISE
1) The length of cuboid is 6 cm, width 8 cm and volumn of cuboid is 480 cm³ , find
the surface of area!
Solution:
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑙𝑤ℎ
480 =6𝑥8𝑥ℎ
480 = 48ℎ
480
ℎ=
48
ℎ = 10 cm
2) The edge of square pyramid is 14 cm and the slant length is 25 cm. Find the
volumn of square pyramid!
Solutions:
We can draw
The volumn of square pyramid can be solve with formula:
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 1.3 𝑥 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
Find the high of square pyramid can be solve with Phytagoras theoremn
𝐸𝑇 = √𝐹𝑇 2 − 𝐸𝐹 2
1
Where ET = 2 𝐴𝐵 = 7 𝑐𝑚, so:
𝐸𝑇 = √252 − 72
𝐸𝑇 = √625 − 49
𝐸𝑇 = 576
𝐸𝑇 = 24
Now we can find the volume of square pyramid
1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝑥 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
3
1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = (14𝑥14)𝑥 24
3
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 1568 𝑐𝑚3
So, volume of the square pyramid is 1568 𝑐𝑚3
Sources:
www.shmoop.com accesed on 16th October 2017 at 11.16 AM
www.mathisfun.com accesed on 29th Noveber 2017 at 10.00 AM
www.member.belajar-matematika.com accesed on 5th November 2017 at 12.15 PM