PRELABQUESTI

ONS
1.Br
ief
lyexpl
ainwhyal
dehy
desar
emor
ereact
ivet
hanket
ones

2.Ar
rangethef
oll
owingcarbonyl
compoundsinincr
easingorderofreacy
ivi
ty
wi
ththeSchi
ff’
sreagent
;for
maldehyde,
benzal
dehyde,acet
aldehy
deand
pr
opanal
.Bri
efl
yexplai
nyourorder
.

3.Thetabl
ebelowshowstestperf
ormedonsomecar
bony
lcompounds.
Answerthequest
ionst
hatfol
low.

SAMPLE TESTOBSERVATI
ON

Sodi
um Fer
ri
c Br
omi nei
n Br
ominei
n
water CCl
₄
bicar
bonat
e Chlor
ide
test test

Phenol A

Sal
icy
cli
caci
d B C

Pi
cri
caci
d E

a.Wil
lther
ebediff
erencesi
nobserv
ationsatAandE?Expl
ainy
ouranswer
andifpossi
blewit
hchemical
reacti
ons.

b.Whatobser
vat
ionwoul
dyoumakeatC?

c.Gi
vethechemicalreact
ionresponsi
blefort
heobserv
ati
onatCand
i
ndi
catewhichproductisresponsi
blefort
heobser
vati
on.
 a.Whati
stheobser
vat
ionatD?

b.Givet
hechemical
react
ionandt
hepr
oductr
esponsi
blef
ort
he
obser
vat
ionatD.

f
. St
atet
heobser
vat
ionatB?

4.Youar egi
venasampl eof3-pentenoi
caci
d.Wi
ththeai
dofchemical
react
ions,
descri
beteststhatyoucanperf
ormt
oidenti
fyal
lthef
uncti
onal
groupsinthecompound.

5.Youar egi
venasampl eof3-hexenoi
caci
d.Wit
htheai
dofchemi
cal
react
ions,
descri
beteststhatyoucanper
for
mt oi
dent
if
yal
lthef
unct
ional
groupsinthecompound.

6.Br
ief
lydi
ffer
ent
iatebetweenal
dehy
desandket
onesandgi
veexampl
eseach
wi
ththei
rchemicalst
ructur
es.

7.Youareprovi
dedwithf
ormaldehy
deandbenzophenone(
dipheny
lket
one)t
o
di
ffer
ent
iatewit
hSchif
f’
sreagent
.Gi
vetheobser
vati
onsyouexpectt
omake
wit
hexplanat
ions.

8.Thebelowshowstest
sperfor
medonsomecompounds.Answerhe
quest
ionst
hatfol
l
owont hetabl
e.

SAMPLE TESTOBSVERVATI
ON

Tol
len’
sTest Fehl
ing’
s KMnO4Test I
odof
orm Test
Test

acet
ophenone A

benzal
dehy
de B C

but
anal D E

c.Whatar
ethecomponent
soft
hei
odof
ormr
eagent
?

d.Whatobser
vat
ionwoul
dyoumakeatA?

e.Givethechemicalreact
ionatAandi
ndi
cat
ewhi
chpr
oducti
sresponsi
ble
forthatobser
vati
on.

f
. Whati
stheobser
vat
ionatD?

g.Gi
vet
hechemi
cal
react
ionandt
hepr
oductr
esponsi
blef
ort
he
 obser
vat
ionatD.

h.St
atet
heobser
vat
ionE.

9.Youar erequi
redtotestforcarboxyl
icaci
df unct
ionalgr
oupi
nbutanoi
caci
d.Fort
he
fol
lowingtestsforcar
boxyli
cacid,giv
ey ourobservati
onsandi
ndi
cate/namewhich
productsareresponsi
bleforthoseobservati
ons.

a.Sodi
um car
bonat
etest

b.Est
ert
estusi
nget
hanol
asy
oural
cohol
andsul
phur
icaci
dascat
aly
st

10.Dif
ferenti
atebet
weenanal dehydeandaketonoeandgi
vetwoexampl
eseachwit
h
thei
rstr
uctures.
11.Apartfrom al
dehydesandketones,gi
vethenamesandgener
alf
ormul
asoffour(
4)
otherf
unctionalgr
oupsthatarecarbonyl
s.
12.ThetablebelowisaresultofatestonsampleD.

Sampl
e Schi
ff
’s Toll
en’
s Fehl
i
ng’
s KMnO4 I
odofor
m
Test Test Test Test Test

D +v
e +v
e
+v
e +v
e -
ve

a.Wi
thbr
iefexpl
anat
ions,
giv
ethei
dent
it
yoft
hesampl
eD.

b.Gi
vet
henamesandst
ruct
ureofanexampl
eofD.

13.Givethestr
uct
ureandmai
nconst
it
uentoft
heBrady’
sreagent
.
14.YouchancedontwoUNLABELEDcompoundsbeli
evedt
obe2-pent
anoneand2-
butanoneinyourl
ab.

a.Gi
vet
hecommonnamesof2-pent
anoneand2-but
anone.

b.Wi t
ht heaidofchemi calreacti
ons, br
iefl
ydescr
ibehowy ouwouldestabli
sh
theidenti
ti
esoft het wocompounds.
15.Youar egi v
en3- hexenoicacidtoi denti
fybyy ourdemonst r
ator.Wit
houtchemical
reacti
ons,briefl
ydescr i
besi mpletestsyoucanper f
ormtoi denti
fythetwofuncti
onal
groupspresenti nthecompound.
16.Whati s/arethedifference(s)bet weenanal dehydeandaket one?Gi v
ethename
andst r
uctureofanexampl eeachofanal dehy deandaket one.
17.Wouldt herebeanydi fferencesinobser vati
oniffor
maldehy deandbenzaldehyde
weresubj ectedt otheSchi f
f’
st est
?Expl ai
nbr i
eflyyouranswer.
18.Bri
eflyexpl ainATLEASTTWOdi f
ferencesbet weentheTollen’
sTestandt
he
Fehl
ing’s Test.
19.Explainthedi fferencesinobservation(ifany)if2–pr opanolandacet
oneare
subj
ectedt ot hei odoformtest.Givethechemi calequat
ions.
20.Givethenameoft hemai ncompoundi ntheBr ady’
sreagent.
21.Thet ablebel owi stheresultoftestsper f
ormedonsomecompounds.

SAMPLE TESTOBSERVATI
ON

Fer
ri
c Sodi
um Br
omi
ne i
n Br
omi
nei
n

Chl
ori
deTest bi
car
bonat
e wat
ert
est CCl
₄test

t
est

m-Cr
esol A B

Sal
icy
li
caci
d C D E

Vi
negar F

a.Gi
vet
hest
ruct
ureofsal
i
cycl
i
caci
dandm-cr
esol
.

b.Whatobser
vat
ioni
slabel
l
ed‘
C’?

c.Whatwi
l
lbet
heobser
vat
ion‘
F’
?Pr
ovi
det
hechemi
cal
equat
ion.

d.Gi
vetheobser
vat
ion‘
E’andt
hechemi
cal
react
ionr
esponsi
blef
or
t
hatobser
vati
on.

22.Whati
s/ar
ethedi
ff
erence(
s)betweenanamineandanamide?
23.Pr
ovi
dethenamesandstruct
uresoftwoexampl
eseachofthefol
l
owi
ng:

a.Ter
ti
aryami
ne

b.Secondar
yami
ne

c.Pr
imar
yami
ne

24.Youar
eprovi
dedwithbenzanamine(ani
line)
,concent
rat
edhydr
ochl
ori
cacid,i
ce,
star
chpot
assi
um iodi
depaper,sodi
um ni
tri
te,ot
herreagent
sadsomeglassware.

a.Wit
htheaidofchemi
calreact
ions,
descr
ibei
ndet
ail
howy
oucansy
nthesi
zeor
pr
oduceyourdi
azoni
um salt
.
 b.Usi
ngyourdi
azonium sal
tpr
oducedabov
ein‘24a’
,showbyachemi cal
react
ion
howyoucanproducephenolemploy
ingt
heri
ghtreacti
oncondi
ti
ons.

25.Whatis/ar
ethedi
ff
erence(s)betweenanamineandanamide?
26.Prov
idethenamesandst r
ucturesoftwoexampleseachoft
hefol
l
owi
ng:

a.Ter
ti
aryami
ne

b.Secondar
yami
ne

c.Pr
imar
yami
ne

27.Youar
eprovi
dedwithbenzanamine(ani
line)
,concent
rat
edhydr
ochl
ori
cacid,i
ce,
star
chpot
assi
um iodi
depaper,sodi
um ni
tri
te,ot
herreagent
sadsomeglassware.

a.Wit
htheaidofchemicalr
eact
ions,
descri
beindet
ail
howy
oucan
sy
nthesi
zeorproduceyourdi
azoni
um sal
t.

b.Underwhatcondi
ti
onisconcent
rat
edsulphuri
caci
dpreferr
edto
concent
rat
edhydrochl
ori
cacidi
nthesynthesi
sofdi
azonium sal
ts?

28.Whatareprimary,secondaryandterti
aryamines?Giv
eanamedaexampl eofeach
andtheirst
ructur
es.
29.Withtheaidofchemi calequati
ons,explai
nthedif
fer
encesinreact
ionwhena
pri
maryami neandasecondar yaminearereactedwit
hnitr
ousacid.
30.Youar egivenadiazonium sal
tatO°C.Selectappropr
iat
ereagent
sand
condi
ti
onsf orsynthesi
zingthefoll
owing:

a.Benez
ene

b.I
odobenzene

c.Benzoni
tr
il
e(cy
anobenzene)

d.Di
azoami
ne

31.Giv et
woappl i
cat i
onsofdi azotizat i
onreactios.
32.Giv et
her eactionr esponsiblefort heproduct i
onofnitr
ousacid.
33.Briefl
yexpl ainwhyt hestarchpot assium iodidepapertur
nsblueonreacti
onwi t
h
excessnitrousaci dint hediazonium sal tsoluti
on.
34.Whati st hedi fferencebet weenanami neandammoni a?
35.Primaryami nescanunder godi azotizati
onr eact
ionsandcoupli
ngreact
ionscall
ed
diazocoupling.Wi tht heai dofexampl es,explai
nbr i
efl
ythedif
fer
encesbetweenazo
couplinganddi azot i
zation.
Insynthesizingdi azoni um salt
s,ani l
i
nei sdissolvedinexcessconcent
ratedsulphuri
c
acidfoll
owedbyt headdi
tionofsodi um ni
tri
teandt her
eact ionmi xt
urekeptat0°Cwi th
i
ce. 36.Pr ovi
det her eact
ionforthedissoluti
on
ofanili
neint heconcentr
at edsulphuri
cacid. 37.Give
thereacti
onr esponsi
blefort heformati
onofni tr
ousaci d.
38.Whatt estcanbeper formedt oensurethatenoughni trousacidhasbeenpr oduced
i
nt heformat i
onofdiazonium salts?
39.Explai
nbr i
efl
ywhathappenswheni nsuffi
cientacidisusedi nsynthesizi
ngy our
diazoni
um sal tfr
om ani
li
ne.Pr ovidethechemical equations.
40.Wi t
hachemi calr
eaction,explai
nwhathappenswhenasol uti
onoft hediazonium
salti
sheat ed.
41.Whatt estcanbeper formedt oensurethatenoughni trousacidhasbeenpr oduced
i
nt heformat i
onofdiazonium salts?

a.