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A Practical Guide

to Acu-points
Chris Jarmey
and Ilaira Bouratinos

Lotus
Lotus Publishing
Chichester, England
Publishing

Lotus
North Atlantic Books
Publishing
Berkeley, California
 

Copyright © 2008 by Chris Jarmey and Ilaira Bouratinos. All rights reserved. No portion of this book, except for brief

GALLBLADDER CHANNEL
review, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise – without the written permission of the publisher. For information,

Contents
contact Lotus Publishing or North Atlantic Books.

First published in 2008 by


Lotus Publishing
3. Chapel Street, Chichester, PO19 1BU and Introduction 5 Chapter 6 Classification of Points 25
North Atlantic Books How to Use This Book 7 The Top Most Commonly Used Points 25
P O Box 12327 The Back-Shu and Front-Mu Points 26
Berkeley, California 94712 Chapter 1 Needling Considerations 11 The Source-Yuan Points 26
Precautions to be Taken Before Needling 11 The Accumulation Cleft-Xi Points 26
Illustrations John Tyropolis, Michael Evdemon and Ilaira Bouratinos Needling Depth 11 The Connecting-Luo Points 26
Text Design Wendy Craig, Michael Evdemon and Ilaira Bouratinos Needling Angles 12 The Four and Six Command Points 27
Cover Design Jim Wilkie Needle Sizes 12 The Eight Gathering Hui Points 27
Printed and Bound in Singapore by Tien Wah Press Needle Quality 12 The Five Transporting Shu Points 27
Needling Contraindications 12 Five Phase Point Selection 29
Acknowledgements Dangerous Areas for Needling 13 The Window of Heaven Points 30
The authors would like to thank the teaching staff of the European Shiatsu School and the European Institute of Dangerous Points for Puncture 13 The Nine Points for Returning Yang 30
Oriental Medicine, and also the following persons, without whose valuable input and support this project would not Untoward Reactions and Accidents 14 The Thirteen Ghost Points 30
have been possible: Vassilis Basios, Emilios Bouratinos, Katia Boustani, Tew Bunnag, George Dellar, Julie Holland, The Twelve Heavenly Star Points 30
Jonathan Hutchings, Christos Kondis, Christina Kouli, Giorgio Maioletti, Tim Mulvagh, Andrew Parfitt, Vita Revelli, and Chapter 2 Manual Techniques The Points of the Four Seas 30
Peggy Zarrou. Considerations 15 The Eight Extraordinary Vessels 30
Pressure Techniques 15 The Eight Opening and Coupled Points 31
A Practical Guide to Acu-points is sponsored by the Society for the Study of Native Arts and Sciences, a nonprofit Friction Techniques 15 The Six Divisions 32
educational corporation whose goals are to develop an educational and cross-cultural perspective linking various scientific, Stretching and Opening Techniques 15 The Chinese Clock 32
social, and artistic fields; to nurture a holistic view of arts, sciences, humanities, and healing; and to publish and distribute Other Manual Techniques 15
literature on the relationship of mind, body, and nature. Manual Techniques Contraindications 16 Chapter 7 Principles of Point Selection 33
How to Choose Points 33
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Chapter 3 Moxibustion Considerations 17 Selecting Points According to Area
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library General Cautions 17 (Local and Distal Points) 34
ISBN 978 0 9543188 4 0 (Lotus Publishing) Points Contraindicated for Moxibustion 18 Selecting Points According to Syndromes 34
ISBN 978 1 55643 696 3 (North Atlantic Books) First Aid for Burns 18 Selecting Points According to Diseases and
Conditions from Empirical Knowledge
Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Chapter 4 Cupping Considerations 19 and Clinical Practice 34
Functions of Cupping 19
Jarmey, Chris. Guidelines and Precautions 19 Chapter 8 Cun Measurements 41
A practical guide to acu-points / by Chris Jarmey and Ilaira Bouratinos. After Cupping 20 General Guidelines 41
p. ; cm. Methods of Cupping 20 Cun Measurements According to Body Area 42
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-55643-696-3 (pbk. : North Atlantic Books) Chapter 5 Deqi 21 Chapter 9 Considerations, Cautions
ISBN-10: 1-55643-696-3 (pbk. : North Atlantic Books) The Importance of Deqi 21 and Contraindications 45
ISBN-10: 0-9543188-4-6 (pbk. : Lotus Publishing) Specific Therapeutic Deqi 22 General Contraindications 45
1. Acupuncture points. I. Bouratinos, Ilaira. II. Title. Considering Sensitive, Dangerous
[DNLM: 1. Acupuncture Points. 2. Acupressure. 3. Acupuncture Therapy. and Contraindicated Points 46
4. Meridians. WB 369.5.M5 J37c 2006]
RM184.5.J372 2006
615.8’92--dc22
2006031085


 A Practical Guide to Acu-points 

Chapter 10 Points of the Lung Channel 47

GALLBLADDER CHANNEL
Chapter 11 Points of the

Introduction
Large Intestine Channel 59

Chapter 12 Points of the Stomach Channel 77

Chapter 13 Points of the Spleen Channel 115


Stimulation of specific points on the body surface with the intention of obtaining particular/specific therapeutic effects has
Chapter 14 Points of the Heart Channel 135 been used for thousands of years in many traditional healing systems. There are numerous ancient and modern techniques
that have been applied to these points for the purpose of influencing the functional capacity of the body to correct physical
Chapter 15 Points of the and energetic dysfunctions. The application of physical pressure (acupressure), the insertion of needles (acupuncture) and
Small Intestine Channel 145 the use of suction cups, magnets, or special herbs and oils, are all traditional methods commonly employed in Eastern
therapeutic systems. This text presents clinically useful, practical information for a wide range of specialists including
Chapter 16 Points of the Bladder Channel 159 acupuncturists, shiatsu practitioners, physiotherapists and massage therapists.

Chapter 17 Points of the Kidney Channel 201 It describes the common techniques that can be applied to the major acu-points, such as acupuncture, moxibustion,
guasha, cupping, magnet therapy and manually applied techniques, as well as describing the different therapeutic effects
Chapter 18 Points of the that can be achieved via those treatment methods.
Pericardium Channel 215
The various techniques are clearly delineated in headed subsections. It is recommended that all the sections on the
Chapter 19 Points of the Sanjiao different modes of treatment are studied, even if the intention is to use some, but not all, of those methods. This will
(Triple Burner) Channel 225 facilitate a deeper understanding of each point. For example, shiatsu practitioners, tuina practitioners and other bodywork
therapists will improve their understanding of the different layers and depths associated with pressure by studying the
Chapter 20 Points of the needling section. Acupuncturists will greatly benefit from using manual techniques, either in the clinic or as self-treatment
Gallbladder Channel 239 recommendations for their patients. Most practitioners of Eastern healing systems will benefit from the moxibustion,
cupping, guasha and magnet therapy guidelines offered in the text. Furthermore, physiotherapists, nurses and many
Chapter 21 Points of the Liver Channel 271 medical specialists will benefit from the manual techniques section.

Chapter 22 Points of the Ren Mai Chris Jarmey and Ilaira Bouratinos, 2008
(Conception Vessel) Channel 287

Chapter 23 Points of the Du Mai


(Governing Vessel) Channel 303

Chapter 24 Extraordinary
(Miscellaneous) Non-channel Points 321

Resources 345
Index of Points 347

 
How to Use This Book
Introduction to the Text Format Main Text Format

The text for each point begins with a clear title giving its Classification
name and number, followed by a calligraphic image of Classification terms are given in English, followed by
the Chinese ideogram. Below the title, the classification the Chinese term. For example, Source-Yuan point. For
of the point is mentioned (where relevant). The main text more details, see Chapter 6. For points of the Five Phase
outlines a comprehensive description of the location of categories, the Tonification, Sedation and Horary nature
the point. is mentioned in brackets.

The remaining text is presented in different sections, Location description


discussing the treatment and applications. They include Classical Chinese locations have been used throughout
the following: the text. Where there are in effect two or more locations
for a point, this is clearly described in the text. Variations
• Best treatment positions
of location according to other systems and the authors’
• Needling
own experiences are also mentioned where relevant.
• Manual techniques and shiatsu
• Moxibustion
This section also mentions useful tips for locating the
• Cupping
point. Every effort has been made to be as anatomically
• Guasha
precise as possible and thus resolve the contradictions
• Magnets
sometimes found in existing point location descriptions.
• Stimulation sensation
• Actions and indications
The described locations mention the relevant bones,
• Synopsis of the main functions and areas affected muscles and soft tissues, as well as the superficial
anatomical landmarks. The major blood vessels and
nerves are mentioned in the needling cautions section
Title Format
(marked with an exclamation mark [!]).
Point name-numbers
The Standard International Acupuncture Nomenclature is The precision of anatomical description does not,
used throughout the text. Each point’s name consists of however, relieve the practitioner of the responsibility for
the name of the channel and the number of the point from careful observation and palpation of the area to be treated,
the beginning of the channel, e.g. Lu-9. so that underlying structures such as blood vessels are
protected and the most therapeutically reactive sites are
Chinese point names located precisely. The fundamental importance of the role
The Chinese point names are written in Pinyin, e.g. of palpation in point location must not be neglected.
Taiyuan.
Best treatment positions
Chinese characters This section discusses the best choice of treatment
E.g. . The traditional ideograms have been chosen. positions to ensure that the point is effectively accessed.
Furthermore, it gives special tips in relation to the
English translation above.
These ‘interpretations’ of the Chinese point names are
those the authors understand as most representative of At the end of this section, the general sensitivity levels
their meaning, e.g. Great Deep Pool. of the point are specified, plus general cautions and
contraindications in relation to all treatment methods,
where relevant. For more information, see the section on
sensitive, dangerous and contraindicated points, page 13.


A Practical Guide to Acu-points How to Use This Book

Cautionary notes are marked with an exclamation mark [!]. Magnets About the Illustrations
Text marked with a double exclamation mark [!!] denotes This section mentions basic usage of magnets and certain Main Areas: Mentions the main body areas,
potentially dangerous techniques and contraindications. point combinations. These illustrations aim to be as anatomically precise as
tissues, organs, systems and Zangfu affected by
possible and to show the relevant structures.
the point.
Needling Although there are many different points of view on the
This section details the main needling techniques, subject of magnet usage, it is important to understand Main Functions: Mentions the main functions of The needle insertion site is illustrated with a dot. A broader
including the minimum and maximum depths, angles and that the mechanism via which they work is still not fully the point to complement and re-emphasise the area around this dot is illustrated with light blue shading.
directions for insertion. understood. italicised functions in the actions and indications This area displays the site where manual techniques,
section.
moxibustion, guasha and cupping can be applied (where
The text marked with an exclamation mark [!] cautions Although there are differing opinions on which pole of relevant). Most of the point illustrations have the shaded
the acupuncturist to avoid the blood vessels, nerves and the magnet is more tonifying or sedating, it is taken in area, except where, for reasons of clarity, it was excluded.
other sensitive structures found at the needling site. this text that the North Pole is more tonifying and the The main functions listed in the synopsis text box are Also, where there is more than one illustration for any
Furthermore, text marked with a double exclamation mark South more dispersing, when in the Earth’s Northern often the same as the major functions that are italicised given point, the shaded area is not always repeated.
[!!] denotes dangerous techniques and contraindications. Hemisphere (the opposite applies in the Southern in the section on actions and indications. This means that
For more details, see Chapter 1. Hemisphere). Throughout the text, it is taken that the these repeated functions are of most clinical relevance. These shaded areas may also illustrate other possible sites
treatment is applied in the Northern Hemisphere. In some cases, the synopsis of functions differs from the for needling, acupressure and other treatment methods.
Manual techniques and shiatsu italicised text. This means that those functions mentioned Possible reasons for treating outside the main point as
Most points can be treated by manual techniques, whether Stimulation sensation in the text box are the most clinically relevant. The reason illustrated with the dot include:
it is sustained or moving pressure, superficial or deep This section discusses the most common manifestations for this is that the italicised functions in the main text are
friction, oil massage or other useful physical manipulation of deqi acquired from stimulating the point. It details the • I f deqi cannot be achieved at the specified point, the
mostly major traditional Chinese functions. For example,
methods such as stretching and mobilisation. quality, intensity, direction and areas the sensation should practitioner must palpate this area carefully to ascertain
regulating qi and Blood is a traditional function, whereas
reach depending on the required therapeutic results. It a more reactive location to insert the needle or apply the
lowering blood pressure is not (see St-9). Therefore, the
This section details the most effective ways to apply also mentions other manifestations of deqi such as pressure, magnet, moxibustion, etc.
italicised functions in the main text and synopsis box
a choice of manual techniques to points where these changes in the pulse, or breathing rate. must be compared.
methods are applicable. Variations and different • I f there is distortion of the main needling site (for
techniques are discussed in relation to their therapeutic Although deqi is mostly relevant to the application of example: swelling, skin eruptions, scar tissue, extreme
The reader must note, however, that because Eastern
effect and the desired outcome. acupuncture and manual techniques such as massage tightness, distended blood vessels), then the practitioner
medicine is an ‘art’ rather than a precise ‘science’, there
and shiatsu, it may also apply to magnet therapy must insert the needle at a different site.
is immense variation in the actions of the points, both in
The text marked with an exclamation mark [!] mentions and moxibustion. This section is based on the major terms of the different traditional schools of thought and
the relevant cautions, whereas a double exclamation mark acupuncture texts as well as the authors’ experience. For Also, the shaded area may illustrate the area the needle
the individual practitioner. Therefore, the synopsis of
[!!] indicates dangerous techniques and contraindications, more details, see Chapter 5. shaft may reach at a deeper level, particularly when
main functions and italicised text serves as a general guide
accordingly. For more details, see Chapter 2. applying oblique or transverse needling. For example,
only. Furthermore, the functions that are emphasised,
Actions and indications the large shaded area between the middle and anterior
have been chosen as those deemed most clinically
Moxibustion This section discusses the applications for each point. fibres of the deltoid muscle for the point LI-15 not only
applicable according to the authors’ own experience
This section details the points indicated for moxibustion It requires that the reader have an understanding of illustrates the manual techniques region, but also the area
and understanding. In this sense, they can be altered or
and those contraindicated. As a general rule, where there Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis and where the needle will be located when using the second
substituted by each practitioner, as he/she considers most
is no mention of it at all, moxibustion should not be differentiation of syndromes. The main actions (functions) needling method mentioned (i.e. needle up to 2 cun at a
appropriate. Every effort has been made to include the
used. The times, quantities and types of moxa mentioned are clearly presented and accompanied by the relevant transverse angle distally, between the anterior and medial
most accurate information from principal traditional and
are based mainly on Chinese recommendations. Where indications (including signs, symptoms and diseases). fibres of the muscle).
contemporary sources.
‘indirect’ moxa is mentioned, both traditional moxa poles The major functions are emphasised in italic text. They
and other more modern methods of moxa application are are based mainly, but not exclusively, on classical The reader may also notice that some of the dots
For example, the synopsis for point Lu-9:
intended for use. For more details, see Chapter 3. Chinese medical theory. Furthermore, there are numerous illustrating a point appear to be slightly smaller (or larger)
comments mentioning various interesting and important than others. This is because points do vary somewhat in
Cupping facts relating to the point. size. For example, the Well-Jing points at the tips of the
Main Areas: Chest. Lungs. Blood vessels. fingers are smaller than large fleshy points such as Sp-6
Cupping is mentioned only where applicable. Where it
is not mentioned, it should not be used. For more details, At the end of the text for each point* there is a quick or GB-30.
Main Functions: Tonifies chest qi. Strengthens
see Chapter 4. reference section (synopsis), clearly defined in a text box, the breath and voice. Nourishes Lung yin.
highlighting the body areas, organs and functions that are Transforms phlegm. Benefits the vessels and
Guasha deemed of most use in the clinic. improves circulation.
The basic guasha method is mentioned where considered
most useful and applicable. Where it is not mentioned, it
should not generally be used.

* Except for a small number of less commonly used points.

 
A Practical Guide to Acu-points Points of the Gallbladder Channel

GB-25 Jingmen Manual techniques and shiatsu GB-26 Daimai


Gently applied sustained perpendicular pressure can be
Capital Gate Girdle Vessel
applied with the fingertips onto the tip of the twelfth rib,
and directly below it.

Alarm Mu point of the Kidney Intersection of the Dai Mai and Gallbladder

Mid-axillary line
! Only apply very gentle pressure to the false ribs. This
location is very sensitive and can be very painful if
On the lower back, at the free end of the twelfth rib. pressed carelessly. On the lateral aspect of the abdomen, level with the
umbilicus, below the free end of the eleventh rib,
To aid location, it is usually tender on light palpation approximately on the mid-axillary line.
Moxibustion
because it is a very sensitive location.
Cones: 3–10. Pole: 10–30 minutes.
Best treatment positions
Alternative location This location is best treated with the patient in a supine
At the inferior border of the free end of the twelfth rib. Cupping
Cupping with medium or light suction or empty cupping or side-lying position. However, prone or sitting up may
can be very beneficial for kidney disorders and lumbar also be employed.
Best treatment positions
This location is best treated with the patient in a prone or pain. Use a medium or large cup size. Umbilicus
Needling
side position. However, manual techniques can also be • 0.5 to 1 cun perpendicular insertion.
applied with the patient sitting up. Guasha GB-26
Gently applied guasha is applicable.
!! Do not needle deeply. Do not puncture the peritoneum.
Needling Deep needling may puncture the colon, liver, spleen
• 0.3 to 1 cun oblique or transverse insertion, medially
Magnets
Stick-on magnets are helpful for kidney disorders. Apply or kidney.
along lower border of twelfth rib.
• 0.3 to 0.5 cun perpendicular insertion.
south pole to GB-25 and north to Bl-23 for lumbar pain
and kidney disorders including colic and haematuria. Moxibustion
Cones: 3–5. Pole: 10–20 minutes. Rice-grain moxa is
!! Do not needle deeply. Do not puncture the peritoneum. also useful.
Deep needling may puncture the colon, liver, spleen Stimulation sensation
Actions and indications
or kidney. Local ache, distension, tingling or numbness radiating
Magnets GB-26 is an important point to activate qi and Blood
across the lumbar area, possibly extending toward the
Small stick-on magnets can be effective. For weight loss circulation in the lower jiao and regulate the Dai Mai
groin or into the kidneys.
and harmonising or tonifying the abdomen, alternate (Girdle Vessel), from which it takes its name.
Actions and indications north and south poles on points level with the umbilicus
It is useful to clear dampness and heat from the abdomen,
Although GB-25 is not as commonly used as other including GB-26, Sp-15, St-25, Ren-8, Bl-23 and Du-4.
harmonise the lower jiao and regulate menstruation.
Alarm-Mu points, it can be effective to tonify the Kidneys Indications include pain, distension, swelling or flaccidity
and strengthen the lumbar area, dispel dampness from Manual techniques and shiatsu
of the abdomen, lumbus and girdle area, lower abdominal
the lower jiao and open the water passages as well as It is generally not so easy to stimulate this location
pain in women, irregular menstruation, amenorrhoea,
regulate the intestines. It also activates qi and Blood by pressure and massage because of the soft nature of
chronic leucorrhoea, blood-stained discharge, hernia,
circulation and alleviates pain. the underlying tissues. However, it can be effective to
diarrhoea and abdominal rumbling.
press both sides simultaneously (this is not so easy to
Indications include acute or chronic lumbar pain, renal achieve on overweight patients) or one side only in a Treatment at GB-26 is useful in weight loss programmes
colic, frequent urination, dysuria, haematuria, lumbar side-lying position. because it helps tonify the intestines and strengthen
pain, cold lower back, hip pain, abdominal rumbling, the abdominal wall, helping to lose inches around the
diarrhoea, vomiting, intercostal neuralgia, hypochondrial An effective shiatsu technique is to open this area by waist. In such cases it is most effective to combine
or abdominal distension and pain. stretching the space between the pelvis and rib cage. This treatment with embedding needles or stick-on magnets.
is achieved either in a side-lying position (grasp the iliac Furthermore, self-moxibustion, applied daily for a few
Spontaneous pain at this location on one or both sides crest and stretch the pelvis down toward the feet, or apply minutes, is helpful to tonify the Kidneys and Spleen in
may be a diagnostic indication of kidney disease. crossed arm diagonal stretch with one palm resting on such cases.
the pelvis and the other on the lower ribs), or, in a sitting
position (side flex the torso toward the opposite side,
Main Areas: Kidneys. Lumbar area. Flank. while stabilising the pelvis).
Main Areas: Abdomen. Sides. Lumbar area.
Main Functions: Benefits the Kidneys. Uterus. Girdle Vessel.
! Only apply very light pressure to the floating ribs.
GB-25 Transforms dampness and heat. Regulates qi
and blood. Alleviates pain. Main Functions: Clears dampness and heat.
Stimulation sensation
Benefits the lower jiao. Regulates menstruation.
Local distension, dull ache or tingling spreading across
the abdomen and lower back, or down toward the hip on
the side that is being treated.

256 GALLBLADDER CHANNEL GALLBLADDER CHANNEL 257

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