Root Cause Analysis and New Practical Schemes for better Accessing and
Establishing of Dedicated Control Channel in Cellular Networks
Mohammad Rasoul Tanhatalab1, Ali Azarshad2, Mehrzad Olfat3, Mojtaba Shakerifard4
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
access problems and SDCCH Mean Holding Time further classified as: “Broadcast”, “Common” and
for improving on SDCCH Drops. It should be “Dedicated” control channels. In figure 2, all
highlighted that this topic, in other papers and logical channels in GSM networks are shown.
vendor documents has been touched very briefly
without much explanations; however, this paper
elaborates on the details and practical schemes for
increasing the signaling access. Moreover, from
another point of view, there is also more subtle
point for dealing with TCH and SDCCH
congestion. Finally, it should be brought to your
attention that each scheme and result presented in
this paper has been carried out in a real condition
and in an existing network [8].
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
The SDCCH Access Success has both direct and 5. Degradation of SDCCH Access
indirect effects on certain KPIs. These effects and Success
relations have been studied over a period of one
month and the results are shown in Figures 5, 6 and When some RACHs, spurious emissions
7. In figure 5 and figure 6 we can see these (sometimes referred to as phantom RACHs)
relations for one BSC; and figure 7shows the resembling RACHs, received and decoded by the
relation for one cell. These figures demonstrate that BSS from a distant mobile request, they will lead to
we can find correlations between these indicators. a SDCCH request, which cannot be successfully
accessed. After the expiry of BSS timer, the
SDCCH resources are de-allocated and returned to
the radio resource pool; however, excessive
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
16 Timing Advance
17 Base Station Identity code 21 Link Access Protocol on the D-channel
18 Random Access 22 Vertical polarization
19 Traffic Channel 23 Maximum Number of Retransmissions
20 Short Message 24 Packet Data Channel
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
Adding Cell Reselect Hysteresis problem of Low SDCCH Access Success rate.
parameter to the edge border cells Figure 10 clearly shows how SDCCH Access
Modifying of Periodic Location Update success rate has increased after this adjustment.
Solving the UNSOLICITED DATA LINK
RE-ESTABLISHMENT Alarm
Removing Extra SDCCHs
Moving SDCCHs to good Quality TRXs
All these finding with results will be
demonstrated in below respectively.
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
Another important condition that affects SDCCH cell, RXLEV ACCESS MIN is set to -98 dBm for
Access Success is interference on TCH and BCCH 900Mz band and to-95dBm for 1800MZ band.
carriers. When a cell involves with noisy Already by default, this parameter for all cells is set
environment, almost all KPIs of that cell will be at-102 dBm which means that any UE with -
affected. The following incident was observed 102dBm RX-level would be allowed to reach the
during a drive-test: in idle mode, the UE received network.
sufficient signal strength, while in dedicated mode,
the signal strength decreased tremendously with Increasing the Cell Output Power
poor RX quality, as well as, poor bit error rate and The RX-Level will increase by increasing the
signal per noise ratio. This is a typical case of signal power. If the RX-Level in a coverage area is
interference issue. Changing the TCH frequencies sufficient, the signal strength will not be poor; and
or even a complete RF re-planning can take care of this factor can help the cellular network to have a
this problem. decent rate of SDCCH Access Success.
Figure 13: Changing the frequency for coping Figure 15: Increasing the Cell Output Power
with the interference
Figure 15 shows the improvement of SDCCH
Changing of RXLEV ACCESS MIN access success rate after increasing the power level
Parameter of all the cells. It must be mentioned that in this
This parameter specifies the minimum received RX case study, at first, only 46% of the cells work
level of a UE for accessing the BSS. By setting this under maximum power definition. We must note
parameter to an appropriate value, the SDCCH that after enhancing the power, overshoot maybe
Drop can be reduced. It goes without saying that, experienced in some cells, and this can cause
by this parameter the coverage and accessing the degradation in other KPIs. The signal of such cells
network may become limited. Generally, it is better should be controlled by down-tilt, reducing the
to set this parameter for urban areas greater that height of antennas and/or changing the azimuth.
rural or road areas. This means that, in the cities
and urban areas the UE must have a good signal Increase the Number of SDCCH
level to access the network; this will not cause any Sometimes the lack of sufficient number of
issues, because of the density of sites in urban SDCCH is due to cells with bad performance. In
areas. that case, this condition has utmost effect on
SDCCH congestion. As mentioned already, the
SDCCH Congestion leads to low SDCCH Access
Success rate.
As we can see in figure 14, the SDCCH Access Figure 16: Increasing the number of SDCCH for
Success is improved by tuning this parameter. the particular cell
Please note that this case is for a BSC that covers a
city located near the sea and majority of its Figure 16 shows that by increasing the number of
buildings have no basement. Therefore, for each SDCCH for a particular cell with SDCCH
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
Migrating the MSC from Classical Figure 23: Setting MAXTA and TALIM
Switch to the Soft Switch
It is rather interesting that, after transition from Frequency re-planning
Classical-Switch to the Soft-Switch, tremendous For coping with the interference in a network, it is
SDCCH Access Success improvement has been better to re-plan the BCCH and TCH frequencies in
observed. every few months; the figure 24 is shown how to
improve SDCCH Access Success by setting proper
frequencies.
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
26 Installation Database
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
7. Conclusion
After pondering deeply, we can see some indicators
in KPIs have both direct and indirect relationship
with each other. If one indicator is enhanced, other
parameters will improve accordingly. These
interactions can be considered as clues, which will
help us achieve certain approaches. It is obvious
that sites with poor performance affect all the
neighboring cells. Consequently, the neighboring
cells must compensate this defect. Therefore, most
of the cells in one BSC should work properly in all
aspects and avoid faulty software and hardware,
Figure 32: SDCCH Access Success Rate overshooting, TCH or SDCCH drops and
compare with Count of alarm congestion on TCH or SDCCH. Moreover, all
cells must be planned well and be able to cover
Removing Extra SDCCHs their areas with sufficient signal strength. The
According ERLANG B SDCCH Dimensioning, attempt of this paper was to demonstrate all aspects
when the SDCCH cannels defined more than the of each issue, which has never been considered
traffic on it, the SDCCH Success Access is so before, and to present all practical solutions for
affected, the figure 33 shows that after removing solving problems related to SDCCH accessing.
extra SDCCH channels, the accessing to this These schemes, not only have increased the
logical channels is successful. SDCCH Access Success rate, but also, contributed
to the improvements on the SDCCH Drop, SDCCH
Mean Holding Time and SDCCH Establishment
Success; and overall the network QoS is
ameliorated. Moreover, most of the schemes
mentioned for GSM can be simulated for any other
existing cellular network as well as for the future
generations to come.
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International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970)
Volume-3 Number-4 Issue-13 December-2013
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