Exercises for Lecture 4

For items 1 – 3 and 5, do the following tasks: a. Identify the appropriate statistical test to be used;
b. Perform hypothesis testing; and
c. Interpret the results.
1. A researcher wanted to determine and compare the effectiveness of various treatments on glucose
levels of diabetic rats. He randomly assigned diabetic albino rats into four treatment groups. Group 1
rats served as a control group and were fed a regular diet. Group 2 rats were served a regular diet
supplemented with fenugreek herb. Group 3 rats were served a regular diet supplemented with garlic. Group 4
rats were served a regular diet supplemented with onion. The basis for the study is that Persian folklore states
that diets supplemented with fenugreek, garlic, or onion help to treat diabetes. After 15 days of treatment, the
blood glucose was measured in mg/dL. The following data were gathered:
Treatment group Blood glucose (mg/dL)
Control 228 297 268 257 292 260 284 283
Fenugreek 229 241 239 208 226 231 207 213
Garlic 117 202 163 185 198 165 194 158
Onion 300 258 286 244 267 250 297 265
The file Exercise 4 no1.dta contains the data above.
2. A study was conducted to examine those variables thought to be related to the job satisfaction of
nonprofessional hospital employees. A random sample of 15 employees gave the following results:
Employee 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Score on Job
54 37 30 48 37 37 31 49 43 12 30 37 61 31 31
Satisfaction Test
Coded intelligence
15 13 15 15 10 14 8 12 1 3 15 14 14 9 4
score
Index of personal
8 1 1 7 4 2 3 7 9 1 1 2 10 1 5
adjustment
Use the data set Exercise 4 no2.dta.
3. A group of researchers examined gallbladder function before and after fundoplication -- a surgery used to stop
stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus (reflux)—in patients with gastroesophageal reflux
disease. The authors measured gallbladder functionality by calculating the gallbladder ejection fraction
(GBEF) before and after fundoplication. The goal of fundoplication is to increase GBEF, which is measured
as a percent. The data are shown in the table below. We wish to know if these data provide sufficient evidence
to allow us to conclude that fundoplication increases GBEF functioning.
Patient 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Preop (%) 22 63.3 96 9.2 3.1 50 33 69 64 18.8 0 34
Postop (%) 63.5 91.5 59 37.8 10.1 19.6 41 87.8 86 55 88 40
Use the data set Exercise 4 no3.dta.
4. Estimate the average number of heartbeats per minute for a certain population. The average number
of heartbeats per minute for a sample of 49 participants was found to be 90 with standard deviation
of 10.
5. Students in a statistics class gave information on their height and weight and also reported their
perception of their weight (about right, underweight, overweight). The body mass index (BMI) was
calculated for each combination of sex and perception of weight category (BMI = Weight/Height 2).
The table below gives the BMI of the students per category.
Perception of Weight
Sex
Underweight About Right Overweight
Female 20.2 20.6 18.1 21.4 22.5 23.1 20.9 24.5 26.0 22.7 24.6
Male 23.8 20.5 23.4 26.5 22.2 24.0 28.1 26.4 27.7

Using level of significance of 0.05, determine if sex and perception of weight have an effect on BMI
and if there is an interaction between sex and perception of weight. Use the data set Exercise 4
no5.dta.

Statistical Methods for Health Professionals using STATA Lecture 04, 20 April 2016