PGMEE TEsT sEriEs for

neet & aiims

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 36-SIGN/APPEARANCE, TEST, RULE

sign/app-condition/ds
Amsler-Fuch heterochromic iridocyclitis

in
ANeurysmal-TB ANt spine
antral PAd-ca PAncreas
Asboe Hansen/bulla spread-pemph vulgaris> bullous pemphigoid
Babinski b/l-pontine hge>SAH
Ballance-splenic trauma

s.
bare orbit, button holing-NF1
Battle-#middle cranial fossa
bAyOnetting-POAG
Beevor-lesion at or bel T10
Berry-goitre
Biken-ETEC

Blumer shelf-rectal mass

iim
black dot-Tinea capitis(T tonsurans)
Blumberg-chemical peritonitis, DU perforation

BoCCa-postCriCoid CraCkle
BoxCar-Bacillus, Cl perfringens
BOYCE-larYngOCoEle
Brown(pulsatile), Aquino, rising sun, Phelp-glomus tm
bull eye-Crohns ds
4a
carpet tract-DLE
cartwheel-ASOM
CaRvallo-TR
catch/clutching the ball-lichen nitidus
CHicken wire-CHondroblastoma
Chvostek, Trousseau-latent Tetany(hypoCalcemia), oxalic acid poisoni
coast of MAINE-McCuNE AlbrIght synd
m

CoiMpy-Measles
CollIeR-PaRInaud synd
Coup D'ongle(scraping→↑scaling)-pityriasis versicolor
CULLEn(pEriUmbiLical), Grey Turner(flank), Fox(ing lig)-a/c pancreatitis
cup&saucer-Pneumocystis
Curvoisier-Ca pancr
Ai

Danforth-hemoperitoneum
Darrier-urticaria pigmentosa, xanthoma, xanthogranuloma, histiocytosis
DAwBARn-suBAcRomial bursitis
dilapidated brick wall-Hailey Hailey ds
DiMple-DerMatofibroma
double ring-nontraumatic CSF rhinorrh
drop-infraspinatus, teres minor inj
empty can-supraspinatus inj
false localising-↑ICP compressing CNVI
 fingerprint-hyponatremia
fish in stream-V cholerae
flag, flaky paint-kwashiorkar
Forcheimer spot(palatal petechiae)-rubella, inf mononucleosis, scarlet fever
Fothergill-rectus sheath hematoma
fried egg-oligodendroglioma, hairy cell leukemia
Froment-ulnar n/add policis palsy
Furstenberger-nasopharyngeal cyst communicating intracranially
Gaur-fem hernia

in
Gelle, SChwartz-otoSClerosis
Gower-DMD
Griesinger-lat sinus thrombophlebitis
ground glass-c/c HBV
Groove-sec LGV

s.
Hamman/Hammond-mediast emphysema
hanging curtain-pityriasis rosea
Hartman-implantation blding
Hawkin-retained vasc
Hennebert-cong syphilis, Meneire ds
iim
HerTOghe-aTOpic dermatitis
HITSElberger-vESTIbular schwannoma
HollmAN Miller/ANtral-ANgiofibroma
Holstein Lewis-radial n inj
Homan, MoSeS(Squeezing)-DVT calf
HOOk-suppurative tenOsynOvitis
Hoover-COPD
Howship Romberg-obturator hernia
hot tub folliculitis-Pseudomonas
4a
Indian fiLe-Lobular ca breast
inverted omega-depression
Irwin Moore-c/c tonsillitis
Kanavel-ulnar bursa inf, deQuervain tenosynovitis
KeRVorkian-PM Retinal Vess
Kussmaul-constrictive pericarditis, RVF, RV MI, severe TS
LEmon-TrichinELLa spiraLis
m

lepidic-bronchioalveolar ca lung
lesser trelat-internal malign
LevIne, PArdee-A/c MI
Ludloff-Lesser trochanter avulsion
MacEwan-stage narcosis alcoholism
mahoganY-renal oncocYtoma
Ai

Maxwell Lyon-vernal conjunctivitis

Martel/G-Gout
Melt snow-fungal(Madurell) Mycetoma
Millan ear-erysipelas
mousebeaten VC, turban epiglottis, pseudoedema epiglottis-TB larynx
movie/cinema/theatre-chondomalacia patellae
Murphy, Boas-a/c cholecystitis
naked granuloma-sarcoidosis
Narath vasc-post dislocation hip
 Necklace-ovarian hyperstimulation synd
Neuhauser, soapbubble-meconium ileus
Nicoladini/Branham-AV fistula
Nicolsky-pemph, SSSS, TEN(pseudo), epidermolysis bullosa
nutcracker-lt ren v compress b/n aorta&SMA
oMeGA epiglottis-larynGoMAlacia
onion bulb-CIDP
Pastia line-scarlet fever
Pemberton-retrosternal goitre

in
piano key-distal RU jt dislocation
platysma-ca infiltrating platysma
pointing index, Benediction attitude, clasping, pope-median n/FDP, FDS palsy
pointing, Rovsing(palpating LLQ), obturator(int rotat flexed rt hip), psoas(hyperext rt
hip), DunphY(anY movem), Aaron(pain in epigastric press at McBurney pt),

s.
Tenhorn(Testes Traction)-a/c appendicitis
policeman tip-Erb palsy
Prehn, Angell, Deming-tortion testis
pseudoDarier-cong sm m hematoma
RAcoon-subgaleal hge, infraorbital ecchymosis, #Ant cran fossa
iim
regiment batch-axillary n inj, shoulder dislocation
ReISSer-ScolIoSIS
RogoFF-a/c adRenal insuFFiciency
RomAnA-ChAgAs ds
ROMberg-post cOluMn lesion
Rovsing-horseshoe kidn
Rust-caries spine
sagging roPE-PErthes ds
SaLt&pepper-ScLeroderma
4a
sanDpepper-Darriers ds
scallop sigmoid colon, pipe stem colon, garden hose-UC
school of fish, rail road-H ducreyi
seagull, mercedes benz-GB stone
scratch, Sphagetti&meatball, grape-pityriasis versicolor(Malassezia globossa>
furfur)
sectoral-AVN femur head
m

ShafeR-Rhegmatogenous RD
shawl, V-dermatomyositis
SifferT KaTz-BlounT ds
signe de dance-intussusception
single ring-traumatic CSF rhinorrh
slapped cheek, lacy reticular-erythema infectiosum(parvovirus B19)
Ai

sparrow feet-windshield inj

STALLworthY-Low LYing placenTA
Stankiewick-orbital inj during FESS
Stemmer-Sec lymphoedema
strawberry GB-cholesterosis
string-CHPS, ileocaecalTB
string of bead-SI obstruction, c/c pancreatitis, fibromuscular dysplasia
string of peArL-Linear IgA ds
sulcus-inf shoulder dislocation
 sunburst-transient tachypnoea newborn
sunset-infantile hydrocephalus
T-posT scleriTis
teapot-CSF rhinorrh
teardrop-#orbit floor
telephone handle-donovanosis
tennis racket-Birbeck granule
Thurston Holland-Salter Harris# type II
Tinel-n regenerat

in
treebark scaling-myxedema
Trethowan-SCFE
Troisier-ca esoph
turtle-shoulder dystocia
Uthoff-multiple sclerosis

s.
vas-TB epididymoorchitis
Vermooten/floating prostate-rupture memb urethra
voLCANo-CutANeous LeishmANiasis
Volkmann-ischaemic contraction forearm
Winterbottom-sleeping sickness
iim
Zellballen-carotic body tm

eye sign of hyperthyroidism

Moebius-lack of convergence of eyeball
JoffRoy-absence of wRinkling
STellwag-absent norm blink/STaring look
vonGraefe-lid lag
Dalrymple-upper liD retraction/visible upper sclera
enroth-edema lid
4a
kocher-staring look
jellink-↑lid pigm
rosenbach-tremor of closed lid
gifford-difficulty in everting upper lid
loewi-dilatation of pupil with adrenaline soln
knie-unequal pupil dilatation
cowen-jerky pupillary contriction to consensual light
m

sail-thymic mass

sign in AR
lighthouse-alternate blanch&flush forehead
Landolfi-alternate constrict&dilatat pupil
deMusset-head Movem(cardiac pulse)
Ai

MULLeR-UvULaR pulsation
Corrigan-dancing Carotid
Quincke-↑capillary pulsation nailbed
Mayer-diastolic drop on raising arm
Rosenbach-liveR pulsation
Gerhard-spleen pulsation
Traube-pistol shot sound over fem a
Durozies-Diastolic murmur over fem a
Hill-femoral>brachial pressure gradient(>20mmHg)
 Lincoln-puLsating popLiteaL

TEST
absorption elution, Lattes crust-bld grp in bld stain
AcID DIgesTIOn-DIATOm
acidP, Barberio(picric acid), creatineP, ELISA, florence(dark brown)-semen stain
Adam-scoliosis
Adson-cervic rib
Alder benzidine(old bld stain), Teichman haemin crystal, spectroscopic, Kastle Mayer

in
phenolphthalein, Takayama hemochromogen crystal, leucomalachite green, guaicum,
Kohn orthotoludine, aminoprine, luminal spray-bld stain
Allen-integrity of palmar circulation
ALp AmyLASe-SALivA
ant drawer(hip=45°, knee=90°), Lachman(knee flex=15-20°), pivot-ACL

s.
AnTon-LisTeriA
Anvil-spine tenderness
Apprehension, Dugas, Hamilton ruler, Callaway, Bryant-ant shoulder dislocation
Ascoli thermoprecipitin-Anthrax
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic(AAS), dermal NO3/paraffin wax, flameless
iim
AAS(best), Harrison&Gilroy, neutron activation analysis-recent firearm
ballotement-wrist dislocation
Barlow(displace→reduce), Ortolani(reduce), telescopy, Alli, Gallaeazi-DDH
Bethesda-anti factorVIIIAb
bounce home knee(springy, bony, firm)-knee extension
Bradshaw-BJ prot
BreSlau 2nd life-presence of air in Stom Stillborn
caloric, modif Kobrak cold caloric, Fitzgerald Hallpike bithermal caloric, Dundas
Grant cold air caloric, fistula, Romberg, positional(Hallpike manoevre), optokinetic,
4a
rotation, Galvanic-vestibular system
Caramel/thick-cx mucus at ovulation
coin, Nagffzigger-TL TB spine
Cope psoas, obturator-a/c appendicitis
Cottle-DNS
Cozen, Maudsley, Mill-tennis elbow
decay-ear fatiguability
m

dial, pivot shift-knee instability(ACL,PCL)

Diaphanus-PM finger web loose lustre
dithionate-HbS
Durkan direct n compression, Phalen, Oschner clasp-median n inj
Elek gel ppt-diphtheria toxin
Epley-bn paroxysm vertigo
Ai

feather, mirror-stoppage resp in dead

Fe(Cl)3-alkaptonuria, phenol poisoni, salicylate poisoni
fluoroscope sniff-phrenic n/diaphr palsy
Finkelstein-deQuervain tenosynovitis
Foder-compare wt of lung to body
Fooere/STatic-wt of lung STillborn
Frei-LGV
GaenSlen-SI jt
glycerol(improve), reverse glycerol(worse)-Meneire ds
 Godfrey/Post sag, Post drawer-PCL
GrEiss NO3-E coli
Guttzman-puberphonia
Gutzeit, Marsh, Reinsch-As poisoni
HalsteD-HyperabDuct/pectoralis minor synd
handkerchief/ts/filter paper, Queckenstedt-CSF rhinorrhea
Hawkin Kennedy, Neer-impingement/painful arc synd/subacromial bursitis
head impulse/thrust-vestibular n inj
Hoover-malinger LL palsy

in
Hoppe Seyler(10%NaOH), Kunkel tannic acid-CO poisoni
hydrostatic/Raygat/1st life-Residual air lung stillborn
jerk-post shoulder dislocation
Kocher-goitre
LASEgue, passive straight leg raising-IVD proLApSE

s.
lat buttock traction-passive agent sodomy
lift off, belly press-subscapularis inj
LudLOff-iLiOpsoas tendinitis
Magnus, Icard-PM circulat
MANcoPff-MAliNger Pain
MarqUIs-opIUM poisoni
iim
McBride-Malinger Backpain
McMurray, Apley grinding-Meniscal inj
milk ring, methylene blue-quality control milk
milk ring, rapid plate agglutination, rose Bengal card, whey agglutination-Brucella
MPN(Most Probable No.), multiple tube/coliform count, Eijkman-quality control H2O
Neil Mooser(tunica vaginalis)-R typhi
NitroBlue Tetrazolium(NBT), DiHydroRhodamine(DHR)-phagocytosis, c/c granulomat
ds
4a
OBer-tight iliOtiBial band(poliO)
Obermeyer-Hartnup ds
1-2-3-airway assessm
oxytocin sensitivity-uterine response for induction
Paul Bunnel, diffusion Ab adsorption-EBV
pen-median n/AbdPL palsy
perforation-Trichophyton
m

Perthes-distinguish b/n varicose v&DVT

Phalen(most sensitive), Tinel, tourniquet, Durkan-carpal tunnel synd
Phe deaminase, PPA-Proteus
Plocquet-ratio lung wt:body wt stillborn
Sabin&FelDman Dye(IgG)-T GonDi
Schaefer-palmaris longus
Ai

SChick-SusCeptibility to diphtheria
secretin, Lundh, NBTPABA(bentiromide)-pancr fn
Simmond Thompson-Tendoachilles rupture
Speed&Yergasson-biceps tendinitis
Stenger, Lee speech delay, Lombard-pseudohypacusis
Stinchfield/active straight leg raising-nonunion #transcervic neck femur
Thomas-hip flex deformity
tibial external rotation(dial)-postlat corner(LCL, popliteus tend, fabellofibular lig,
arcuate lig, poplitealfibulal lig, short lat lig)
 Tobey Ayer/Queckenstedt(CSF press↑), CRowe Beck(Ret v engorgement)-lat sinus
thrombophlebitis
Trendelenburg-unstable hip
2ME(MercaptoEthanol) agglutination-diff b/n active&inactive brucellosis
valgus stress-MCL
valsalva, Politzer, catheterisation, methylene blue, Toynbee, inflation deflation,
sonotubometry, Frenzel-Eustachian tube patency
varus stress-LCL
Wasserman-syphilis

in
Weid Reiner-abruptio placenta
Wilson-osteochondritis dessicans
Wredin-air in middle ear stillborn

RULE

s.
Currens, Durhan, McNaughten-criminal responsibility insane
Goodsall(ext opening in ant½-direct, post½-indirect/curved)-anal fistula
Haase(Hess)-age of fetus
Madea Puppe-multiple impact inj(seq of shot in bullet inj)
Nysten-cadaveric rigidity

Abbreviations
iim
a-artery, AA-amino acid, abtc-antibiotic, AI-autoimmune
bef-before, bel-below, b/l-bilateral, bld-blood, b/n-between, bn-benign, br-branch,
Bx-biopsy
ca-carcinoma, carb-carbohydrate, c/i-contraindication, c/l-contralateral,
conc-concentration, cong-congenital, Cx-cervix
d-day, def-deficient, ds-disease, d/t-due to, Dx-diagnosis
E-estrogen
4a
fem-female, fr-from
gld-gland, glu-glucose
h-hormone
idiop-idiopathic, i/l-ipsilateral, inf-infection, inj-injury
lig-ligament, LL-lower limb, l/t-leading to
m-muscle, maj-major, mal-male, MC-most common, met-metastasis, min-minor,
mtx-methotrexate, Mx-management
m

n-nerve, norm-normal
P-progesterone, pl-plasma, prot-protein, pt-patient
Rx-treatment
SCC-squamous cell carcinoma, sr-serum, Sx-surgery, sz-seizure
tm-tumour, ts-tissue
UL-upper limb, u/l-unilateral
Ai

vag-vagina, VC-vocal cord, vel-velocity, vert-vertebra, vit-vitamin, vol-volume

w-week, wt-weight
Xr-X ray
y-year
#-fracture
°-degree

THESE NOTES ARE ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE AND HELP TO PG
ASPIRANTS, NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR OTHER PURPOSE. REFERENCE
 HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM VARIOUS STANDARD TEXTBOOKS.

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