5-Touzi Wetland PolinSAR13

Canada Centre for Remote Sensing • Earth Sciences Sector
Investigation of
Polarimetric L-band ALOS and C-band Radarsat2
for peatland subsurface water flow monitoring
R. Touzi1, G. Gosselin1, and R. Brooks2 Acknowledgment

1Canada Centre for Remote Sensing CSA for support (GRIP)
2 University of Saskatchewan Shimada and JAXA for ALOS
Data + Summer acquisitions
1
R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti, Jan. 31
Background
 Wetland in Canada: 148 millions ha (25% of the World)

 Peatlands globally cover 3% of the land, they store 30% of the
terrestrial carbon (11.3 Gtonnes)
 Maintain peatlands => reduce greenhouse gases
 Wetland are under threat  Canadian Wetland Inventory
(CWI)
 EO CWI in collaboration with Env. Canada
 Park Canada: park integrity monitoring and CC effect
 Wapusk National Park: Polar bear habitat
 Alberta ESDR: Boreal peatland change monitoring and

identification of the source of stress (CC or oil sand exploration)
2
WAPUSK:
SubarcticOne of the Under
Peatland LargestThreat
Known!!!
Polar BearWapusk
DenningNational
Areas in Park
the World
Climate Change effect:

 Bogs transformed to Fen
 Affect polar bear denning
habitat which is entirely within bogs
with thick peat deposits
ALOS => Peatland monitoring
3
Why Polarimetric SAR for Subarctic wetland

monitoring?
 HH-Radarsat-1 of Limited Capability for vegetation-
type discrimination
 Radarsat-1 combined with clear-sky-dependent Landsat
for wetland classification
 Radarsat/Landsat approach not suitable for wetland
monitoring
 Polarimetric SAR  Scattering mechanisms and target
structure  Enhanced vegetation discrimination
 Touzi decomposition using polarimetric C-band
Convair SAR:
 Enhanced wetland classification
 Scattering phase sensitive to peatland subsurface water
flow  discrimination of poor fen and bogs
 Cost effective => ALOS, Radarsat2, 4TerraSAR
OUTLINE
 Touzi Decomposition for High-resolution and roll invariant

incoherent target scattering decomposition
 Complex entity (s , s ) for unambiguous description of
target scattering type
 High-resolution scattering classification in contrast to
conventional methods: Cloude-Pottier |H, Freeman ,
Yamagushi and Van Zyl  coarse resolution classif.
 Results obtained with polarimetric Convair580 SAR
– Enhanced wetland classification
– Scattering phase sensitive to peatland subsurface water
flow discrimination of poor fen and bogs
 Polarimetric ALOS & Radarsat2 for peatland subsurface
water flow monitoring
5
TGRS Jan. 2007 Canada Centre for Remote Sensing • Earth Sciences Sector
TGRS Sep. 2009
Touzi Decomposition for

High Resolution
Characterization of Wetland
Scattering
6
The Touzi Decomposition for Roll invariant

Incoherent Target Scattering Decomposition
 50 years R&D (Kennaugh 51, Huynen 65, Cloude-Pottier 96)
[T ]  1 T1   2 T2   3 T3 [T ]  k  k *T 

p p
 New coherent Target Scattering Vector Model (TSVM):
1 0 0   cos  s cos 2 m 
 0 cos 2  sin 2   sin  s e  s 
  j
e SVM  m e SVM  e j s 
m
0 sin 2 cos 2   j cos  s sin 2 m 
 Solves for Cloude-Pottier target scattering type () ambiguities
 A complex entity (s , s )
 Helicity ()  Local asymmetry  Forest structure

7
Two Poincarré spheres for representation of

Single Scattering Parameters
Scattering type (s , s ) js 1   2

tan( s )e 
HV=0 => s = Pauli phase | 1   2 |
 
  
4 4

0  s 
2
 (s,s ,)  unambiguous description

8 of target scattering
Dominant scattering Type Phase s1

for Wetland Classification
Tree Bog
Fen
Shrub Bog
Marsh
Upland forest
s1 (June 95)

Color aerial photographs(2002) overlaid with a wetland classification based
on the NCC the forest cover inventory.
 Scattering Type Phase s1 Discriminates bog from fen

9
s1 For Wetland Seasonal Changes
June95 Oct 95
10
Touzi phase sensitive to
peatland subsurface water Flow
fen shrub bog treed bog
forest
agriculture Treed bog

(larch)
June 1995 October 1995
 Sedge-dominated fens and shrub-bog well separated

 Treed bog: Larch seasonal needle loss detected
11
Scattering Phase Sensitivity to
Subsurface Water Flow
 Two sublayers: Acrotelm (high hydraulic conductivity) and

Catotelm (low hydraulic conductivity)
 Fen: water level 20 cm below the peat surface
 Bog: water level 50 cm below the peat surface
 Radiometry (HH, VV, VH, Cloude ) not sensitive to
subsurface water
 s detects fen run-off water
Fen Bog
12
Mer Bleue Wetland seasonal change Detection

Using Radarsat 2 (FQ12, HH-HV-VV in RGB)
July08 (dry conditions) Oct 27, 08 (wet conditions)

13
Radarsat 2 Scattering Phase s
July 2008 Oct 2008
 Scattering Phase Not Sensitive to peatland subsurface water flow

Seasonal changes
14
fen shrub bog
agriculture Treed
bog
(larch)
CV-580 Oct. 1995

June 1995
Phis, July08 Phis, Oct08
Radarsat-2
 RS2 Phase not sensitive to subsurface water

15
Noise floor (-35 dB) R.not sufficiently
Touzi, PolinSAR13,low (CV580
Frasccatti, : NESZ=-48 dB)
Jan. 31
L-Band PALSAR for Wetland Characterization
Lac Saint Pierre (Canada)
Peatland
Swamp
PALSAR, Nov. 10, 2007 PALSAR, May 13, 2007

16
Lac St Pierre Peatland Canada Centre for Remote Sensing • Earth Sciences Sector
Characterization
Using Polarimetric ALOS
17
Source : Google maps, 2009 R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti, Jan. 31
Peatland: PoorCanada
fen + Bog
Centre for Remote Sensing • Earth Sciences Sector
 Cannot be discriminated with Optic Sensors
• Bog:
 Ombrotrophic: . precipitations, fog and
snow are the primary water sources
• Poor Fen:
Test  Minerotrophic: fens are connected to
site small streams and may also receive water
from surrounding uplands.
 As such, poor fens of high water
retention are continuously irrigated
with subsurface water even under no
Open Bog rainy conditions.
Treed Bog
Swamp 18
Upland Forest R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti, Jan. 31
Shrub Bog Shrub Fen
Peat Thinkness larger than 3m
Ledum groenladicum
(Labrador Tea) Herbs
19
Weather & Precipitations
Precipitations (mm)
T. max (°C)
T. mean (°C)
T. min (°C)
20
 HH-HV-VV not sensitive to water flow
variations beneath the peat surface
Open peatland
Treed Bog
Swamp
Upland Forest
21
Freeman Coarse Scattering Classification
not sensitive to water flow variations

beneath the peat surface
Open peatland
Treed Bog
Swamp
Upland Forest R:DOUBLE
Nov22 G:VOLUME May
R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti,
B:ODDJan. 31
 s (Cloude ) not sensitive to water flow
variations beneath the peat surface
Open peatland
Treed Bog
Swamp
Upland Forest
23
 Touzi phase detects water flow variations beneath
the peat surface
 Pink  subsurface
water (less then 20
cm)
 Fen: subsurface run
off water
 Bleue  deep
underground water
 Bog: water level at the
catotelm (40-50 cm)
 Essential information for

monitoring Bog-Fen
Transformations in the North
due to climate change stress
24
Detection
of Poor
fens in
Open Bog Fen
Open Bog
Treed Bog
Swamp
Upland Forest
Water
Surface runoff direction

Stream
Elevation contour line (m)
25
Pauli Phase arg(HH-VV,HH+VV) not sensitive
to subsurface water flow variations
Open peatland
Treed Bog
Swamp
Upland Forest
26
C-band-Radarsat2 not sensitive to peatland subsurface water

flow (C-band + HV S/N not sufficiently low)
Jul-10 Aug-10 Nov-10

27
Polarimetric L-band PALSAR for Monitoring
of peatland subsurface water flow

 Bog-fen transformations
Climate Change effect:
 Bogs transformed to Fen
 Affect polar bear denning habitat
which is entirely within bogs with
thick peat deposits
 Polar Bear under threat
 Alos => Bog & Fen monitoring
Larry Dyke 2009 GSC

28
Wapusk National Park
RADARSAT-2 and
ALOS Acquisitions
Nunavut
Fletcher
Lake
HUDSON BAY
a
On nitob
io
a
tar
M
Québec
Hudson Bay Lowlands

Wapusk National Park
Churchill Wildlife Management Area
Natural Resources Ressources Naturelles 29 Ryan Brook’s Classification

Canada Canada R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti,(Landsat-TM5,
Jan. 31 Canada
July, 27th, 1996)
Subsurface Water Flow Change Jun 8: Active layer 13 cm
Sedge bulrush Fen & Litchen melt pond bog Jul 24: Active layer 27 cm
Sedge bulrush Fen
ALOS HH, HV, VV (Descending, Jun 8, 2010) ALOS HH, HV, VV (Descending, Jul 24, 2010)
dge bulrush Fen
30
1 Touzi scattering Phase Detects Subsurface Water Flow Change
Site
Sedge bulrush Fen & Litchen melt pond bog
Sedge bulrush Fen
June 8, 2010: Active layer 13 cm July 24, 2010: Active layer 30cm
Sedge bulrush Fen
31
Validated July 6, 2012

Litchen melt pond bog
 No water under
peat bog surface
Active layer
(20cm)
32
Sedge bulrush Fen
 Water 13 cm
under peat fen
surface
Active layer
thickness (20cm)
33
Radarsat2 Not sensitive to peatland subsurface water
ALOS Touzi Decomposition- Phis1 (Jun. 2010) ALOS Touzi Decomposition- Phis1 (Jul. 2010)
RS-2 Touzi Decomposition- Phis1 (Jun. 2010) RS-2 Touzi Decomposition- Phis1 (Jul. 2010)
34
Investigation of Polarimetric ALOS and RS2

for peatland monitoring in
the Athabasca Oil Sands Region
35
 Landsat=> Treed Fen confused with black Spruce Bog !!!

 Touzi ALOS phase  better class discrimination
Landsat Classification Wetland Inventory
36
RS2_RGB (R:HH, G:HV, B:VV) R. Touzi, PolinSAR13,
ALOS_RGB Frasccatti,
(R:HH, G:HV, B:VV) Jan. 31  s1
Complementarity with the X-band

High resolution TerraSAR (6.6mx1.18m)
ALOS RADARSAT-2
TerraSAR-X
2010-05-10
37
R. Touzi, PolinSAR13, Frasccatti,
R:HH, G:HV, B=VV Jan. 31
Calibration of Polarimetric
TerraSAR
 Significant return at HV: -25dB X-talk should be removed
 Touzi calibration method validated with ALOS and
Radarsat2 => IEEE TGRS 2009, and TGRS 2013
38
Conclusion
 Polarimetric L-band PALSAR very promising for
monitoring subarctic peatland & hydrology
 Touzi s sensitive to the water flow underneath peat
 Peat thickness monitoring  polar bear habitat
 Monitoring of Bog-Fen transformation due to CC
 X-C-L band complementarities is being investigated
using polarimetric PALSAR and Radarsat2 and
TerraSAR
 Peatand Classification using optic sensors (Landsat)
and polarimetric SAR for accurate peatland
classification and bog-fen transformation monitoring
 ALOS2 and Radarsat2: With Operational
polarimetric capabilities and large swath (50 km)
 Future L-band TerraSAR TDX with Digital Antenna
Beaming  500 km swath
 Future missions L, C, and P band with
Digital Antenna Beaming  large 39
swath

5-Touzi Wetland PolinSAR13

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

5-Touzi Wetland PolinSAR13

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Canada Centre for Remote Sensing • Earth Sciences Sector

R. Touzi1, G. Gosselin1, and R. Brooks2 Acknowledgment

 Wetland in Canada: 148 millions ha (25% of the World)

 Park Canada: park integrity monitoring and CC effect

 Wapusk National Park: Polar bear habitat

 Alberta ESDR: Boreal peatland change monitoring and

Climate Change effect:

Why Polarimetric SAR for Subarctic wetland

 Touzi Decomposition for High-resolution and roll invariant

Touzi Decomposition for

The Touzi Decomposition for Roll invariant

 50 years R&D (Kennaugh 51, Huynen 65, Cloude-Pottier 96)

[T ]  1 T1   2 T2   3 T3 [T ]  k  k *T 

 New coherent Target Scattering Vector Model (TSVM):

 Solves for Cloude-Pottier target scattering type () ambiguities

 A complex entity (s , s )

 Helicity ()  Local asymmetry  Forest structure

Two Poincarré spheres for representation of

Scattering type (s , s ) js 1   2

 (s,s ,)  unambiguous description

Dominant scattering Type Phase s1

s1 (June 95)

 Scattering Type Phase s1 Discriminates bog from fen

s1 For Wetland Seasonal Changes

fen shrub bog treed bog

agriculture Treed bog

June 1995 October 1995

 Sedge-dominated fens and shrub-bog well separated

 Two sublayers: Acrotelm (high hydraulic conductivity) and

Mer Bleue Wetland seasonal change Detection

July08 (dry conditions) Oct 27, 08 (wet conditions)

Radarsat 2 Scattering Phase s

July 2008 Oct 2008

 Scattering Phase Not Sensitive to peatland subsurface water flow

CV-580 Oct. 1995

 RS2 Phase not sensitive to subsurface water

Lac Saint Pierre (Canada)

PALSAR, Nov. 10, 2007 PALSAR, May 13, 2007

 Cannot be discriminated with Optic Sensors

Peat Thinkness larger than 3m

Weather & Precipitations

not sensitive to water flow variations

 Essential information for

Surface runoff direction

C-band-Radarsat2 not sensitive to peatland subsurface water

Jul-10 Aug-10 Nov-10

of peatland subsurface water flow

 Alos => Bog & Fen monitoring

Larry Dyke 2009 GSC

Hudson Bay Lowlands

Natural Resources Ressources Naturelles 29 Ryan Brook’s Classification

Sedge bulrush Fen

dge bulrush Fen

Sedge bulrush Fen

Sedge bulrush Fen

Validated July 6, 2012

Sedge bulrush Fen

Investigation of Polarimetric ALOS and RS2

 Landsat=> Treed Fen confused with black Spruce Bog !!!

Landsat Classification Wetland Inventory

Complementarity with the X-band

Anda mungkin juga menyukai