iPASOLINK 400
4-way Nodal
Redundancy
Pay as grow architecture
iPASOLINK 1000
12-way Nodal
Redundancy
High Speed INTF
SDH and All IP
with CWDM
3) Packet Radio
PWE
SW
TDM(E1) PWE TDM(E1)
SW
Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet
SW
SW
PWE PWE
Ethernet
TDM(E1) XC XC TDM(E1)
TDM
iPASOLINK Introduction 4
iPASOLINK Transmission Architecture
Native TDM
TDM based network is the bandwidth-guaranteed and synchronous network. It is free from time and
synchronization issues. However, TDM network can not manage the growth of data traffic efficiently.
Native IP
Unlike Native TDM network, IP based network can accommodate the growth of data traffic efficiently. In
addition, wiring work can be reduced dramatically as a result of shared connections.
However, IP-based network, due to its asynchronous and on-demand nature, does not guarantee synchronous delivery of
data. Therefore, synchronization issue due to fluctuation of delay, latency or jitter must be carefully considered in
transmission of mobile service.
Dual Native (Native TDM and Native IP)
Both packet switching and TDM cross connect are supported natively, which enables flexible transport per
traffic type on a single platform. Without incurring additional latency, delay/jitter sensitive traffic and clock such as 3GPP
Release-99 traffic is transmitted on TDM network directly, and IP based traffic such as LTE traffic is transmitted on IP
network directly without conversion. Moderate packet data growth may be efficiently aggregated by statistical multiplexing
while keeping the quality of delay/jitter sensitive TDM services..
TDM splitting (with PWE)
TDM splitting enables a port of legacy network traffic, such as HSPA data, to be dispensed onto IP network
with Pseudo-Wire Emulation (PWE), keeping only critical and timing-sensitive data on TDM network. With this functionality,
it is possible to streamline legacy network while increasing IP network usage.
PWE should be applied for transmission of jitter and latency relaxed services or where clock synchronization within mobile
RAN has been established by adoption of other synchronization measures.
Traffic Offload/Concentration
Traffic offload allows the operator to unload their IP traffic, including emulated legacy traffic, onto other cost
effective IP network. The benefit of traffic offloading is twofold: > Differentiation of services to customers
> Reduction of OPEX by converging voice and data traffic
In contrast to offload, concentration creates an opportunity for wholesale operators and carriers to maximize the utilization of
their networks by converging services and traffic from various customers .
iPASOLINK Introduction 5
Risk free migration to All IP-
IP-1
The migration from TDM based network to All IP network is achieved
by simply adding the MSE (Multi Service Engine) card.
Hybrid Radio
16xE1
16xE1
Migration
16xE1
Note: Network needs to be synchronized by sync ETH , etc. MSE: Multi Service Engine
iPASOLINK Introduction 6
Flexible PWE configuration
iPASOLINK can configure PWE at both access site and aggregation site.
It allows operator easy configuration of the network.
Initial Configuration
Access Aggregation
core
E1/TDM
core
or PWE
E1/TDM E1/Ethernet
core
PWE
E1/TDM
E1/Ethernet
iPASOLINK Introduction 7
iPASOLINK XPIC (Cross Polarization Interference Canceller)
(In case of iPASOLINK200, no cable connection is required at the front panel for XPIC )
iPASOLINK Introduction 8
iPASOLINK Series Functionalities Summary
iPASOLINK 200 iPASOLINK 400
Port based & Tag based VLAN, Port based & Tag based VLAN,
Jumbo Frames Jumbo Frames
Ethernet Functionality CoS/ ToS/ Diffserv based Priority Control CoS/ ToS/ Diffserv based Priority Control
Strict priority, D-WRR with Bandwidth Strict priority, D-WRR with Bandwidth
Management Management
Policing with CIR/EIR Policing with CIR/EIR
Excess Information Rate Excess Information Rate
TDM Cross-Connect
E1 Cross-Connect with ADM for Radio and E1 Cross-Connect with ADM for Radio and
channelized STM-1 channelized STM-1
TDM SW Capacity E1 x 126ch E1 x 168ch
Radio Protection HS,HS/SD,FD Hot Standby, Space / Frequency Diversity HS,HS/SD,FD Hot Standby, Space / Frequency Diversity
Ethernet OAM
IEEE 802.1ag Service OAM and IEEE 802.1ag Service OAM and
ITU-T Y.1731 PM ITU-T Y.1731 PM
Other Functions XPIC, Traffic Aggregation XPIC, Traffic Aggregation
iPASOLINK Introduction 9
iPasolink 200/400 Radio Configurations
VERSATILE PLATFORM CONFIGURATION
• 1U Single IDU provide the following radio configuration
• Redundancy Configurations in one IDU
(1+0) No Protection ( up to 4 )
(1+1) Hot Standby (up to two groups ) (1+0)
(1+1) Hot Standby with Space Diversity
(1+1) Twin Path (Frequency Diversity) (two groups)
• Other Configurations in one IDU
(1+1) HS / SD
iPASOLINK Introduction 10
Radio Configurations (Redundancy)
iPaso 400
iPaso 400
iPASOLINK Introduction 11
Radio Configurations - Nodal
Site-F
Site-C
2 way Nodal
Configurations
Site-A in one IDU
Site-B iPaso 200 iPASOLINK 200)
Site-D
iPaso 400
iPaso 400
iPaso 400
Site-E
NEO/c
Optional Modem NEO/c mode
: Optional modem operate with NEO/c (compatible with NEO/c radio frame)
iPASOLINK Introduction 12
Baseband Configurations
STM-1
2 x STM1 2 x STM-1
STM-1
All IP
PWE
E1 + Ether (Dual Native) GbE GbE
16 x E1 16 x E1
FE 16 x E1
79 E1
FE 16 x E1 Super PDH 16 x E1
16 x E1
iPASOLINK Introduction 13
Dual Ring Protection in iPasolink
• Ethernet Ring protection • TDM Ring protection
- Protection Switching Time - E1 SNCP
- Protection Switching Time
<2s (RSTP)
<50ms
< 50 ms (ITU-T G.8032v2)
Ethernet Ring
TDM Ring
63 x E1 63 x E1 63 x E1 63 x E1
E1
63xE1(400)
Channelized STM-1
(200/400) 32xE1(200)
iPASOLINK Introduction 14
14
ODU Compatibility
iPASOLINK 200
IHG
(Supplied with iPaso)
100
Enhanced System Gain
90 (256QAM/56MHz)
S y s te m G a in (d B )
High System Gain
•High System Gain achieved by Low Density Parity
Check (LDPC) Forward Error Correction (FEC) 80
technology and distortion canceling technique
called linearizer allowing smaller antennas and
70
reducing platform cost.
60
50
6 7 10 13 15 18 23 26 32 38
Frequncy(GHz)
iPASOLINK Introduction 18
iPASOLINK – Adaptive Modulation Radio
Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet
Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput
capacity capacity capacity capacity
QPSK 10 Mbps 14 Mbps 21 Mbps 28 Mbps 44 Mbps 57 Mbps 90 Mbps 114 Mbps
16 QAM 21 Mbps 28 Mbps 44Mbps 56 Mbps 89 Mbps 114 Mbps 181 Mbps 229 Mbps
32 QAM 27 Mbps 35 Mbps 55 Mbps 71 Mbps 111 Mbps 143 Mbps 226 Mbps 287 Mbps
64 QAM 33 Mbps 42 Mbps 66 Mbps 85 Mbps 134 Mbps 172 Mbps 271 Mbps 345 Mbps
128 QAM 38 Mbps 49 Mbps 77 Mbps 99 Mbps 160 Mbps 200 Mbps 316 Mbps 402 Mbps
256 QAM - - 89 Mbps 114 Mbps 180 Mbps 229 Mbps 361 Mbps 460 Mbps
Note: Maximum throughput at 64 byte VLAN tagged frame passed rate base
On the fine day, the operator can get the 229Mbps throughput over the link which is designed
for 57Mbps throughput as illustrated in the figure.
iPASOLINK support hitless modulation switchover from 256QAM to QPSK as shown in table.
256QAM
C/N 27 dB (128Q)
64QAM
16QAM
C/N 21 dB (32Q)
Traffic type convergence fixed modulation Traffic type convergence AMR modulation
E1 LAN OH E1 LAN OH
E1 OH E1 OH
Priority traffic
200
400
400
LAN cable
WEB
browser Back to back
iPASOLINK Introduction 22
iPASOLINK SERIES
(Synchronization)
iPASOLINK Introduction 23
Network Synchronization
PRC
Synchronization by clock relay
Clock Distribution
E1 PDH Core
TDM Backhaul
(Sync Network)
Node-B/
BTS
RNC
SEL
iPASOLINK Introduction 25
REDUNDANCY SYSTEM
CONFIGURATIONS
Space Diversity
iPASOLINK Introduction 27
Possible Configurations- Twin Path
Single Antenna Twin Path System
Frequency Diversity
iPASOLINK Introduction 28
Possible Configurations
Hybrid Diversity System
iPASOLINK Introduction 29
AUTOMATIC TX POWER CONTROL
Automatic Transmit Power Control Operation
The Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) function automatically varies the TX output power
according to path conditions. Fading exerts heavy influences on propagation, causing the receive signal
level at the opposite station to vary. The ATPC function operates by controlling the transmit output
power of the opposite station according to the variation of the received signal level at the local station.
The receive signal level variation at the opposite station is informed to the local station using the ATPC
bits in the overhead. To implement ATPC, the receiving level (RX IN LEV) is detected by the receiver
and passed on to the CPU in the CTRL circuit of the MODEM module. The CPU then determines
whether the transmit output power needs to be controlled. This is based on the transmit output power,
the minimum and maximum values of the output control range, and the receiving threshold level that
were previously specified using the LCT or PNMT.
The function of the control signal (POWER CONT), is to maintain the RX signal level by lowering or
raising the TX output power of the opposite station. This control signal is based on the result of
comparison between the current receiver input level and the preset receiving threshold level.
Transmission level control can be used not only for setting the same operation (ATPC-ATPC) between
own station and opposite station but also for operation in combination of stations with different
operation (MTPC-ATPC, ATPC-MTPC) between own station and opposite station. The station set in
MTPC mode is not controlled by the information from opposite station but is fixed in its transmitting
output level.
Even if the station is set in the MTPC mode, the opposite station is likely to be set in the ATPC mode.
Therefore setting of the RX Threshold (Receiving threshold level) is required for controlling the
transmission level of the opposite station. Between the stations that are respectively set in the MTPC
mode, however, the setting is disabled.
TX OUT
When RSL reaches -60dBm at STN –B STN-
ATPC TX MIN
A starts to increase the TX power in 1 dB
steps, this process continues until the ATPC deep shallow
TX MAX level is reached. Any RSL drop
below this point is not compensated. In the
UP Mode ATPC operation starts at -55dBm
RX Level
because of the fixed 5dB hysteresis. Up Mode
-55dBm
(5dB Fixed)
Hysteresis
The ATPC Control transmits the information
on the receiving level to the opposite station
and controls the transmission level of its RX Threshold
(-60dBm)
own station in accordance with the receiving Down Mode
level of the opposite station.
The ATPC Control can be used in several configurations:
Station - B
ATPC - ATPC
MTPC - ATPC Fading depth
deep shallow
ATPC - MTPC
IF LOOP-BACK
E1 NEAR-END LOOP-BACK
E1 FAR-END LOOP-BACK
Automatic Reset
Manual
Reset
The STM-1 OPT Interface is provided with Automatic Laser Shutdown Function (ALS), if disable the laser
output is always ON even if the optical cable to RX2 is disconnected. When ALS function is set to enable the
OPT INTFC observe the loss of signal and start a timer (550ms) and generate a control signal to interrupt
the optical output from the TX2 to RX1 subsequently the ALS function in the MUX equipment will switch OFF
the laser output from TX1. When the fault at A is cleared the system can be retorted by controlling the laser
output from TX2 through one of the following methods.
Automatic Control
Manual Restart Short on time (2 sec) Control
Manual Restart Long on time (90 sec) Control