CURSO DE ENTRENAMIENTO

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 0

 iPASOLINK SERIES
(System Overview)

March 2011-Second Draft

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 1

iPASOLINK Series
iPasolink is a modular network element that integrates a comprehensive set
of TDM cross connect switching, packet switching and microwave / optical
features, resulting in reduced costs and a long investments lifetime. The
following iPasolink series cover mobile backhaul requirements all the way
from the access tail links through to the metro aggregation network.
iPASOLINK 200

2-way radio

Redundancy

Compact design

iPASOLINK 400

4-way Nodal

Redundancy

Pay as grow architecture

iPASOLINK 1000

12-way Nodal

Redundancy

High Speed INTF

SDH and All IP
with CWDM

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 2

 iPASOLINK
Transmission Specification

Frequency bands: 6 to 38 GHz

Radio Transmission Capacities:
・QPSK/16/32/64/128/256 QAM
・ Hitless-AMR
・ LDPC FEC
・Narrowband transmission 7MHz & 14 MHz
・ MTPC / ATPC
. Any combination of SDH / PDH / LAN traffic
Interface :10/100/1000 Base-T
1000 Base-SX / LX
16 x E1,
Advanced Ethernet Functionalities
2xSTM-1(thru)or 1x Chanallized

VLAN ・ Port-based VLAN Scalability and Flexibility

・ 802.1Q Tag-based VLAN
・ 802.1ad Q in Q Pay as you grow concept
QoS ・ 802.1p CoS / ToS /Diffserv/ - software upgrade
- MPLS EXE Flexible configuration
・ Advanced QoS (for AMR) - 1+0, 1+1 HS/SD/FD,XPIC (1+0)/(1+1)
Synchronous Ethernet / IEEE1588v2 - 168xE1 Cross Connect SW
RSTP, ITU-T G.8031, 8032V2 - PWE (SAToP, CESoPSN)
Ethernet OAM, IEE802.1ag, ITU-T Y1731
TDM Ring Protection (SNCP)

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 3

3
iPASOLINK Radio Transmission Method
1) TDM Radio
TDM(E1) TDM TDM(E1)
Ethernet IP over E1 IP over E1 Ethernet

2) Hybrid Radio (Native Ethernet + Native TDM)

TDM(E1) TDM TDM(E1)

Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet

3) Packet Radio
PWE

SW
TDM(E1) PWE TDM(E1)
SW

Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet

4) Hybrid + Packet Radio iPASOLINK

Ethernet Ethernet TDM(E1)

SW
SW

PWE PWE
Ethernet
TDM(E1) XC XC TDM(E1)
TDM

iPASOLINK Introduction 4
 iPASOLINK Transmission Architecture
Native TDM
TDM based network is the bandwidth-guaranteed and synchronous network. It is free from time and
synchronization issues. However, TDM network can not manage the growth of data traffic efficiently.
Native IP
Unlike Native TDM network, IP based network can accommodate the growth of data traffic efficiently. In
addition, wiring work can be reduced dramatically as a result of shared connections.
However, IP-based network, due to its asynchronous and on-demand nature, does not guarantee synchronous delivery of
data. Therefore, synchronization issue due to fluctuation of delay, latency or jitter must be carefully considered in
transmission of mobile service.
Dual Native (Native TDM and Native IP)
Both packet switching and TDM cross connect are supported natively, which enables flexible transport per
traffic type on a single platform. Without incurring additional latency, delay/jitter sensitive traffic and clock such as 3GPP
Release-99 traffic is transmitted on TDM network directly, and IP based traffic such as LTE traffic is transmitted on IP
network directly without conversion. Moderate packet data growth may be efficiently aggregated by statistical multiplexing
while keeping the quality of delay/jitter sensitive TDM services..
TDM splitting (with PWE)
TDM splitting enables a port of legacy network traffic, such as HSPA data, to be dispensed onto IP network
with Pseudo-Wire Emulation (PWE), keeping only critical and timing-sensitive data on TDM network. With this functionality,
it is possible to streamline legacy network while increasing IP network usage.
PWE should be applied for transmission of jitter and latency relaxed services or where clock synchronization within mobile
RAN has been established by adoption of other synchronization measures.

Traffic Offload/Concentration
Traffic offload allows the operator to unload their IP traffic, including emulated legacy traffic, onto other cost
effective IP network. The benefit of traffic offloading is twofold: > Differentiation of services to customers
> Reduction of OPEX by converging voice and data traffic
In contrast to offload, concentration creates an opportunity for wholesale operators and carriers to maximize the utilization of
their networks by converging services and traffic from various customers .

iPASOLINK Introduction 5
Risk free migration to All IP-
IP-1
The migration from TDM based network to All IP network is achieved
by simply adding the MSE (Multi Service Engine) card.

Hybrid Radio

16xE1
16xE1

Migration

(PWE) Packet Radio

MSE

16xE1
Note: Network needs to be synchronized by sync ETH , etc. MSE: Multi Service Engine

iPASOLINK Introduction 6
Flexible PWE configuration
iPASOLINK can configure PWE at both access site and aggregation site.
It allows operator easy configuration of the network.
Initial Configuration
Access Aggregation

core

E1/TDM

1) PWE at Access site

Access Aggregation

core
or PWE

E1/TDM E1/Ethernet

2) PWE at Aggregation site

Access Aggregation

core
PWE

E1/TDM
E1/Ethernet

iPASOLINK Introduction 7
iPASOLINK XPIC (Cross Polarization Interference Canceller)

iPASOLINK can double its transmission capacity up to 880Mbps in 56MHz

bandwidth by adopting NEC’s state of the art XPIC technology.
The additional required components for XPIC are;
Dual polarized antenna,
Additional ODU,
Associated IF cable kit, (iPASO 400 / 1000)
Soft-key upgrade in IDU.
iPASOLINK400 can be configured 2 pair of XPIC links with one IDU.

(In case of iPASOLINK200, no cable connection is required at the front panel for XPIC )

iPASOLINK Introduction 8
iPASOLINK Series Functionalities Summary
iPASOLINK 200 iPASOLINK 400

Radio Nodal capability Two way Four way

16xE1 + 2xFE (2FE+ 2 GbE or 4xGbE)

Main Board 16xE1 + 2xFE(GbE) + 2xGbE(SFP Ports)
+ 2xGbE(SFP Slots)

Interfaces 16xE1 card (Universal Slot)

2 x STM-1/chSTM-1 card (Universal Slot)
16xE1 card
Optional 2xFE(GbE)+`2xGbE(SFP Ports) (Universal Slot)
1x STM-1/chSTM-1 card

Port based & Tag based VLAN, Port based & Tag based VLAN,
Jumbo Frames Jumbo Frames
Ethernet Functionality CoS/ ToS/ Diffserv based Priority Control CoS/ ToS/ Diffserv based Priority Control
Strict priority, D-WRR with Bandwidth Strict priority, D-WRR with Bandwidth
Management Management
Policing with CIR/EIR Policing with CIR/EIR
Excess Information Rate Excess Information Rate

Synchronization TDM / Synchronous Ethernet TDM / Synchronous Ethernet / IEEE 1588v2

TDM Cross-Connect
E1 Cross-Connect with ADM for Radio and E1 Cross-Connect with ADM for Radio and
channelized STM-1 channelized STM-1
TDM SW Capacity E1 x 126ch E1 x 168ch
Radio Protection HS,HS/SD,FD Hot Standby, Space / Frequency Diversity HS,HS/SD,FD Hot Standby, Space / Frequency Diversity

Packet RSTP RSTP / MSTP /ITU-T G.8031 / G.8032v2

Resiliency
TDM E1 SNCP with Radio Ring Sub Network Connection
E1 SNCP with Radio Ring Sub Network Connection Protection
Protection

Ethernet OAM
IEEE 802.1ag Service OAM and IEEE 802.1ag Service OAM and
ITU-T Y.1731 PM ITU-T Y.1731 PM
Other Functions XPIC, Traffic Aggregation XPIC, Traffic Aggregation

iPASOLINK Introduction 9
iPasolink 200/400 Radio Configurations
VERSATILE PLATFORM CONFIGURATION
• 1U Single IDU provide the following radio configuration
• Redundancy Configurations in one IDU
(1+0) No Protection ( up to 4 )
(1+1) Hot Standby (up to two groups ) (1+0)
(1+1) Hot Standby with Space Diversity
(1+1) Twin Path (Frequency Diversity) (two groups)
• Other Configurations in one IDU

(1+0) x 4 Nodal (1+1) HS

400 (2+0) x Dual Polarization with XPIC (1+0) up to two groups

400 (2+0) x Dual Polarization with XPIC (1+1) one group

(1+1) HS / SD

(1+0) x 2 (2+0) CCDP (XPIC) (1+1) Twin Path

iPASOLINK Introduction 10
 Radio Configurations (Redundancy)
iPaso 400

iPaso 400

iPASOLINK Introduction 11
Radio Configurations - Nodal

Site-F

Site-C
2 way Nodal
Configurations
Site-A in one IDU
Site-B iPaso 200 iPASOLINK 200)

Site-D
iPaso 400
iPaso 400

iPaso 400
Site-E

NEO/c
Optional Modem NEO/c mode

4 way Nodal Configurations in

one IDU (iPASOLINK 400)

iPASOLINK 400 modem : standard operate with iPASOLINK

: Optional modem operate with NEO/c (compatible with NEO/c radio frame)

iPASOLINK Introduction 12
Baseband Configurations
STM-1

2 x STM1 2 x STM-1

STM-1

All IP

MSC (PWE) card MSC (PWE) card

16 x E1

PWE
E1 + Ether (Dual Native) GbE GbE
16 x E1 16 x E1
FE 16 x E1

79 E1

Native TDM + Native Ether

STM-1 (63E1) STM-1 (63E1)

16 x E1

FE 16 x E1 Super PDH 16 x E1
16 x E1

iPASOLINK Introduction 13
Dual Ring Protection in iPasolink
• Ethernet Ring protection • TDM Ring protection
- Protection Switching Time - E1 SNCP
- Protection Switching Time
<2s (RSTP)
<50ms
< 50 ms (ITU-T G.8032v2)

Ethernet Ring

TDM Ring

63 x E1 63 x E1 63 x E1 63 x E1
E1

63xE1(400)
Channelized STM-1
(200/400) 32xE1(200)

iPASOLINK Introduction 14
14
ODU Compatibility

NHG2 (Existing only)

iPASOLINK 200

IHG
(Supplied with iPaso)

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 15

PERFORMANCE - ODU
ITEM OUT DOOR UNIT
iPASOLINK High Grade (IHG) type ODU
Power Consumption (1+0) (1+1)
6 – 11 GHz 30W Hot standby: 450W, Twin path: 60W
13 -26, 28, 32,and 38 GHz 23 W Hot standby: 38W, Twin path: 46W
Mechanical Dimensions
6-11 GHz 237(W), 237(H), 101 (D), 3.5 Kg
239(W), 247(H), 68 (D), 3 Kg
13-38GHz

EMC Conforms to EN301 489-4

Safety Conforms to EN60950-1
Environmental Condition Operation: -33 to +50deg.C, (ETSI EN301019-1-4 class 4.1), Humidity: 100% (IP66)
Workable: -40 to +55 deg.C
Transportation ETSI EN301019-1-2 class 2.3
Storage ETSI 201019-1-1 class 1.2

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 16

Enhanced Radio Performances with new ODU (IHG)

100
Enhanced System Gain
90 (256QAM/56MHz)

S y s te m G a in (d B )
High System Gain
•High System Gain achieved by Low Density Parity
Check (LDPC) Forward Error Correction (FEC) 80
technology and distortion canceling technique
called linearizer allowing smaller antennas and
70
reducing platform cost.

60

50
6 7 10 13 15 18 23 26 32 38
Frequncy(GHz)

NEO HP with NHG2 iPASOLINK with IHG

Page 17 iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 17

 iPASOLINK SERIES
（Other Features)

June 25, 2010

iPASOLINK Introduction 18
 iPASOLINK – Adaptive Modulation Radio

CS Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4

Modulation 7 MHz 14 MHz 28 MHz 56 MHz

Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet Radio Max Packet
Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput Transmission Throughput
capacity capacity capacity capacity

QPSK 10 Mbps 14 Mbps 21 Mbps 28 Mbps 44 Mbps 57 Mbps 90 Mbps 114 Mbps

16 QAM 21 Mbps 28 Mbps 44Mbps 56 Mbps 89 Mbps 114 Mbps 181 Mbps 229 Mbps

32 QAM 27 Mbps 35 Mbps 55 Mbps 71 Mbps 111 Mbps 143 Mbps 226 Mbps 287 Mbps
64 QAM 33 Mbps 42 Mbps 66 Mbps 85 Mbps 134 Mbps 172 Mbps 271 Mbps 345 Mbps

128 QAM 38 Mbps 49 Mbps 77 Mbps 99 Mbps 160 Mbps 200 Mbps 316 Mbps 402 Mbps

256 QAM - - 89 Mbps 114 Mbps 180 Mbps 229 Mbps 361 Mbps 460 Mbps

Note: Maximum throughput at 64 byte VLAN tagged frame passed rate base

AMR is a technology to improve robustness mainly in the packet transmission environment by

utilizing thermal threshold difference between modulation hierarchy such as QPSK and 256
QAM.

On the fine day, the operator can get the 229Mbps throughput over the link which is designed
for 57Mbps throughput as illustrated in the figure.

iPASOLINK support hitless modulation switchover from 256QAM to QPSK as shown in table.

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 19

 iPASOLINK – Adaptive Modulation Radio

256QAM

C/N 30 dB (256Q) 128QAM

C/N 27 dB (128Q)
64QAM

C/N 24 dB (64Q) 32QAM

16QAM
C/N 21 dB (32Q)

C/N18 dB (16Q) QPSK

Modulation switching is done at BER=10-10.

Equivalent C/N is shown

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 20

Traffic Type Combinations

Traffic type convergence fixed modulation Traffic type convergence AMR modulation

STM-1 LAN OH STM-1 LAN OH

STM-1 LAN OH STM-1 LAN OH

E1 LAN OH E1 LAN OH

E1 OH E1 OH

STM-1 E1 LAN OH STM-1 E1 LAN OH

Priority traffic

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 21

Monitor & Control
Monitor & Control

200

Back to back 400

400
400

LAN cable

WEB
browser Back to back

Local and remote monitor & control NEO

Cannot Monitor from Web LCT

PNMTj Cannot Monitor

iPASOLINK

iPASOLINK Introduction 22
 iPASOLINK SERIES
（Synchronization)

June 25, 2010

iPASOLINK Introduction 23
Network Synchronization

Mobile Network is synchronized by the primary clock.

If there is no synchronization, BS BS
1) Data Buffer slip
2) Bit error
3) Signal hand-off failure between BTS , etc.

PRC
Synchronization by clock relay

Clock Distribution

E1 PDH Core
TDM Backhaul
(Sync Network)

Node-B/
BTS
RNC

PRC; Primary Reference Clock

or Synchronization by GPS receiver
( like WiMAX system , because of packet backhaul network)

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 24

Synchronization method
iPASOLINK can utilize multiple clock sources.
Synchronous Ethernet
Modem-1
Modem-2 SDHLine Transmit Clk
S Timing Source 1 S
PLL
E1 Line CLK E E PDHLine Transmit Clk
Timing Source 2
Option Line CLK(STM1) L L
Timing Source 3 Radio Clk Output
GbE Line CLK
G.703 External Clk Output

SEL

External CLK IN External CLK OUT

iPASOLINK Introduction 25
REDUNDANCY SYSTEM
CONFIGURATIONS

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 26

Possible Configurations – Hot Standby
Single Antenna HS System

Two Antenna HS System

Space Diversity

iPASOLINK Introduction 27
Possible Configurations- Twin Path
Single Antenna Twin Path System

Two Antenna Twin Path System

Frequency Diversity

iPASOLINK Introduction 28
Possible Configurations
Hybrid Diversity System

(2+0) System using OMT

iPASOLINK Introduction 29
AUTOMATIC TX POWER CONTROL
Automatic Transmit Power Control Operation
The Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) function automatically varies the TX output power
according to path conditions. Fading exerts heavy influences on propagation, causing the receive signal
level at the opposite station to vary. The ATPC function operates by controlling the transmit output
power of the opposite station according to the variation of the received signal level at the local station.
The receive signal level variation at the opposite station is informed to the local station using the ATPC
bits in the overhead. To implement ATPC, the receiving level (RX IN LEV) is detected by the receiver
and passed on to the CPU in the CTRL circuit of the MODEM module. The CPU then determines
whether the transmit output power needs to be controlled. This is based on the transmit output power,
the minimum and maximum values of the output control range, and the receiving threshold level that
were previously specified using the LCT or PNMT.
The function of the control signal (POWER CONT), is to maintain the RX signal level by lowering or
raising the TX output power of the opposite station. This control signal is based on the result of
comparison between the current receiver input level and the preset receiving threshold level.
Transmission level control can be used not only for setting the same operation (ATPC-ATPC) between
own station and opposite station but also for operation in combination of stations with different
operation (MTPC-ATPC, ATPC-MTPC) between own station and opposite station. The station set in
MTPC mode is not controlled by the information from opposite station but is fixed in its transmitting
output level.
Even if the station is set in the MTPC mode, the opposite station is likely to be set in the ATPC mode.
Therefore setting of the RX Threshold (Receiving threshold level) is required for controlling the
transmission level of the opposite station. Between the stations that are respectively set in the MTPC
mode, however, the setting is disabled.

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 30

 ATPC Operation

STN - A STN - B Station - A

ATPC MTPC ATPC TX MAX
RX Threshold = -60dBm

TX OUT
When RSL reaches -60dBm at STN –B STN-
ATPC TX MIN
A starts to increase the TX power in 1 dB
steps, this process continues until the ATPC deep shallow
TX MAX level is reached. Any RSL drop
below this point is not compensated. In the
UP Mode ATPC operation starts at -55dBm

RX Level
because of the fixed 5dB hysteresis. Up Mode
-55dBm

(5dB Fixed)
Hysteresis
The ATPC Control transmits the information
on the receiving level to the opposite station
and controls the transmission level of its RX Threshold
(-60dBm)
own station in accordance with the receiving Down Mode
level of the opposite station.
The ATPC Control can be used in several configurations:
Station - B
ATPC - ATPC
MTPC - ATPC Fading depth
deep shallow
ATPC - MTPC

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 31

 LOOPBACK Function

IF LOOP-BACK

STM-1 NEAR-END LOOP-BACK

STM-1 FAR-END LOOP-BACK

E1 NEAR-END LOOP-BACK

E1 FAR-END LOOP-BACK

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 32

AUTOMATIC LASER SHUTDOWN FUNCTION (ALS)

Automatic Reset
Manual
Reset
The STM-1 OPT Interface is provided with Automatic Laser Shutdown Function (ALS), if disable the laser
output is always ON even if the optical cable to RX2 is disconnected. When ALS function is set to enable the
OPT INTFC observe the loss of signal and start a timer (550ms) and generate a control signal to interrupt
the optical output from the TX2 to RX1 subsequently the ALS function in the MUX equipment will switch OFF
the laser output from TX1. When the fault at A is cleared the system can be retorted by controlling the laser
output from TX2 through one of the following methods.
 Automatic Control
 Manual Restart Short on time (2 sec) Control
 Manual Restart Long on time (90 sec) Control

iPASOLINK 400 Introduction (Draft) 33