2/7/2018 Beam Summary

A Beginner's Guide to the Steel Construction Manual, 13th ed. (old)

Chapter 8 - Bending Members

© 2006, 2007, 2008 T. Bartlett Quimby
Introduction
Section 8.7
Flexure

Flexural Limit
Bending Member Summary
State Behavior Beam strength is limited by flexural yielding, lateral torsional buckling, flange
Determining local buckling, shear, and deflection. Local details of connections are subject
Applicable Limit to the limit states of web local yielding and web crippling.
States
Flexural Yielding Limit States:
Limit State
Lateral Torsional Limit
Buckling Limit SCM Section f; W Equation(s)
State
State
Flange Local
Strong Axis
Buckling Limit Flexure Chapter F 0.9; 1.67 Req'd Mnx = Mux/f or WMax < Mnx
State
Y: F2.1 ------ Mnx = Mpx = FyZx
If Lb < Lp, Mnx = Mpx
Shear
If Lp < Lb < Lr, Mnx= [Mpx-
Shear Behavior (Mpx-Mr)(Lb-Lp)/(Lr-Lp)]Cb <
F2.2, F3.1,
Shear Strength LTB: ------ Mpx
Limit State
F4.2, F5.2
If Lr < Lb, Mnx = min[FcrSx,
Mpx]
Deflection
If lb < lp, Mnx = Mpx
Deflection
Behavior If lp < lb < lr, Mnx= [Mpx-
Deflection Limit F3.2, F4.3, (Mpx-Mr)(lb-lp)/(lr-lp)] <
State FLB: F5.3, F7.2, ------ Mpx
F9.3 If lr < lb, Mnx = min[FcrSx,
Misc. Limit States Mpx]

Web Local
Shear Chapter G 0.9; 1.67 Req'd Vnx = Vux/f or WVax < Vnx
Yielding
Web Crippling Vnx = Mpx = 0.6FyAwCv
Nominal Where Cv equation depends of web
G2, G4, G5 ------
Strength
Beam Design slenderness, h/tw
DLLx < DLLx,Allow and DTLx <
Selecting Sections
DTLx,Allow
Cover Plates Deflection None N/A
Transverse Other criteria as the project
Stiffeners for requires.
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Shear Weak Axis

Bearing Plates Req'd Mny = Muy/f or WMay < Mny
Flexure Chapter F 0.9; 1.67
Transverse
Stiffeners for F6.1, F7.1, Mny = Mpy = min[FyZy, 1.6FySy]
Y: ------
Concentrated F8.1
Loads If lb < lp, Mny = Mpy
Continuous
If lp < lb < lr, Mny= [Mpy-
Beams
(Mpy-Mr)(lb-lp)/(lr-lp)] <
FLB: F6.2, F7.2 ------
Mpy
Chapter Summary If lr < lb, Mny = FcrSy < Mpy

Shear Chapter G 0.9; 1.67 Req'd Vny = Vuy/f or WVay < Vny
Example Problems
Nominal Vnx = Mpx = 0.6FyAvCv
G7 ------
Strength Where Av = S(bftf)
Homework
DLLy < DLLy,Allow and DTLy <
Problems
DTLy,Allow
Deflection None N/A
References Other criteria as the project
requires.
Local Considerations
Report Errors or Web Local
Make Suggestions J10.2 1.0; 1.50 Req'd Rn = Ru/f or WRa < Rn
Yielding
Ends: J10.2 ------ Rn = SCM eq. J10-2
Purchase Hard Copy Rn = SCM eq. J10-3
Mid: J10.2 ------
Make Donation Web Req'd Rn = Ru/f or WRa < Rn
J10.3 0.75; 2.00
Crippling
Ends: J10.3 ------ Rn = SCM eq. J10-4
Mid: J10.3 ------ Rn = SCM eq. J10-5

Selecting Sections:

Find the best section that satisfies all the applicable general limit states:

Req'd Mnx < Mnx and/or Req'd Mny < Mny

Req'd Vnx < Vnx and/or Req'd Vny < Vny
DLLx < DLLx,Allow, DTLx < DTLx,Allow, DLLy < DLLy,Allow and/or DTLy <
DTLy,Allow

Search methods include: Use of sorted section property tables, the hunt &
peck method, and the brute force method.

Cover Plates

Cover plates increase the plastic section modulus, Z, of a section.

If the cover plates are symmetrically applied:

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2/7/2018 Beam Summary

Ztotal = Zbeam + Zplates = Zbeam + bt(d+t)

If the cover plates are not symmetrically applied:

Locate centroidal axis of section with cover plate
Locate the centroids of each half of the total section above and
below the centroidal axis.
Compute Ztotal = [Atotal /2] [distance between centroids of each
half]

In addition, cover plates

must be compact (SCM Table B4.1 case 12)

need to extend beyond the point where they are no longer needed.
Need to be attached sufficient to transfer horizontal shear forces
induced by bending. The spacing of fasteners can be computed by:

s < minimum [ 2 rn / q , p t sqrt( E / (3 Fy)) ]

Bearing Plate: Beams support by concrete

The general procedure for designing a base plate is as follows:

1. Select the plate width, N, based on the limits of available space, web
local yielding, and web crippling.
2. Select the plate length, B, based on the limit state of bearing strength
of concrete. If N2 can be determined, then B can be determined by:

B > Req'd Pp / (f'c min[0.85 N2, 1.7 N1])

3. Select t based on the plate's flexural strength

Note that the values for f and W vary with limit state so the values or req'd
strength (Req'd Rn = (Ru/f or RaW) and Req'd Pp = (Ru/f or RaW)) will vary
with f and W.

Final dimensions should be chosen that are easy to measure in whatever unit
system the design is being created in.

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