Permutations and Combinations

6
1. (a) Number of ways = 5P4
= 120

(b) Number of ways = 10P5

= 30 240

(c) Number of ways = 8P4

= 1680

2. (a) 3, 5 or 7
Number of ways to fill the last digit = 3
Number of ways to fill the rest = 4!
Total number of ways = 3 × 4!
= 72

5, 6 or 7 3, 5 or 7 . 50 000
If it starts with ‘5’ or ‘7’, then the number of ways = 2 × 3! × 2 = 24
If it starts with ‘6’, then the number of ways = 3! × 3 = 18
Total number of ways = 24 + 18
= 42

(b) Number of ways = 5!

= 120

(i) Consonants (ii) Number of ways = 4! × 2!
= 48
VCVCV
Vowels

Number of ways = 2! × 3!
= 12

(c) T
(i) Number of ways = 1 × 6!
= 720
(ii)
S T S
Number of ways = 2! × 1 × 4!
= 48

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CD 06_Add Math T5.indd 1 11/10/11 4:54:58 PM

   Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 6  Permutations and Combinations

3. (a) (i) Number of ways = 4! × 3!

= 144
(ii) Number of ways = 3! × 5!
= 720

(b) (i) Number of ways = 6! × 2! × 2! × 2!

= 5760
(ii) Number of ways = 5! × 5!
= 14 400

(c) (i) Number of ways = 6 × 5 × 4

= 120
(ii) Number of ways = 3 × 5 × 4
= 60

4. (a) Number of ways = 30C2

= 435

(b) Number of ways = 10C5

= 252

(c) To make a line, we need 2 points each time.

\ Number of ways = 5C2
= 10

(d) Total number of ways = 5C3 × 6C2

= 10 × 15
= 150

5. (a) A customer can either choose 1 type, 2 types or 3 types of food.

Total number of ways
= 8C1 + 8C2 + 8C3
= 92

(b) To make a quadrilateral, we need 4 points, with 2 from each line.

∴ Number of ways = 4C2 × 5C2
= 60

(c) (i) Number of ways

= 1 × 11C5
= 462

(ii) Number of ways

= 7C3 × 5C3
= 350

(iii) The combination can be 3 parents are chosen, 2 parents are chosen or 1 parent is
chosen.
∴ Total number of ways
= 7C3 × 5C3 + 7C2 × 5C4 + 7C1 × 5C5
= 350 + 105 + 7
= 462

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CD 06_Add Math T5.indd 2 11/10/11 4:54:59 PM