OVERALL MARKING = 16/20

GOOD: Keep working hard. If you feel any kind of trouble while doing the assignments,
kindly seek guidance from your Tutor. We are always here for your help. I wish you good
luck for your studies!

Assignment No. 2
(12/15)
3+3+4+2
Part 1:
Role of women in agriculture sector (Punjab):
As Punjab is one of the most fertile provinces of Pakistan, having adequate water resources,
developed infrastructure and soil capable of producing abundant variety of vegetation and crops,
resultantly a large amount of wheat, rice, cotton and other are produced there annually. Due to
this increased dependence on agriculture, a large part of workforce include women. Women take
part in nearly all the stages of agricultural production. This includes sowing, harvesting,
threshing and storing various crops. The sowing of paddy and picking of ripe cotton is
traditionally attributed to women in the culture of sub-continent and Pakistan is no exception.
However activities like irrigation, marketing and sales have low involvement of women due to
the cultural and social factors. Irrigation is tiresome and hectic procedure and men are expected
to be more adept and capable of hard work. Secondly, the marketing and sales usually requires
an interaction with male counterparts which reduces the involvement of women due to cultural
and religious reasons.
Constraints that women face in agricultural sector:
1. Discouragement in acquiring agricultural land (even by inheritance) due to local customs
and patriarchal mindset.
2. As most of the land is owned by landlords, a great deal of financial exploitation occurs for
women.
3. Most of women working in fields have deficiencies related to food, nutrition and access to
health facilities due to a lack of education and awareness.
4. Lack of modern agricultural equipment also poses a difficulty for women as it decreases the
efficiency of the procedures.
Suggestions to improve the role of women in agriculture:
1. Women agriculture experts should be appointed to address issues and bridge new
information to women.
2. Institutional biases should be diminished by giving protection to women against violence at
home and work.
3. Women should be given basic training at institutions about the functioning of agricultural
sector and related economics.
4. Interest free micro loans should be given to women for enterprise development.
5. Women should be included in policy making activities towards agriculture and climate
change.

References:
1. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28758/11/11_chapter%206.pdf
2. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/28758/10/10_chapter%205.pdf
3. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4330e.pdf

(4/5)
Part 2:
Influence of technology on daily interaction of youth:
The advent of technology like television, internet and mobile phones has made one of the
strongest impacts on society in history of mankind. On one hand there has been an efficient
communication, greater access to information and more prospects of entertainment while on the
other hand the human society (particularly youth) has also been influenced by many dark facts.
1. With so many entertainment facilities, the delay in gratification process has markedly been
decreased. The impulse control requires a significant amount of practice which is not present
now a days because of the availability of many devices. This in turn has made the youth
short tempered and impatient in achieving their targets.
2. An access to lascivious media has corrupted the minds of youth where the objectification of
the opposite gender has become a norm. Due to the open communication among youth this
increased sexualization in talks, various immoral activities are being done.
3. Due to social media, youth have shifted into a virtual world rather than facing reality. Their
interaction remain confined to few phrases, emoticons and abbreviations which greatly
retards their creativity in language.
4. Youth have become increasingly expressive in depicting their minute achievements, which
makes them satisfied or dissatisfied as their self esteem is influenced by number of reactions
as “likes” etc.
5. The boundary between the formal and informal communication have been blurred due to the
use of social media, which greatly decreases the professionalism in young graduates who are
hunting jobs