UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE FORMOSA

FACULTAD DE ADMINISTRACIÓN ECONOMÍA Y NEGOCIOS

LICENCIATURA EN TICs

INGLÉS

TÉCNICO I

CUADERNILLO TEÓRICO PRÁCTICO

Titular: Trad. Esp. Mónica Melián

Adjunta: Prof. Esp. María del Carmen Rojas
JTP: Lic. Alicia Molina

AÑO: 2016

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Técnicas de comprensión lectora: Prefijos (Negativos)- Sufijos- Formación de palabras. Tipos
de palabras.
SUSTANTIVOS: Formación del plural

1. EI plural de un sustantivo en inglés se forma, como en español, agregando una “s”.

Ejemplos:

Singular + “s”

Plan – Plans Plan - Planes

Day – Days Día – Días

Cylinder – Cilinders Cilindro –Cilindros

Resource – Resources Recurso – Recursos

Sin embargo, hay varias excepciones a esta regla:

2. A los sustantivos terminados en “ss”, “sh”, “ch”, “o”, “x”, “s” se les agrega “es”

Ejemplos: Singular + “es”

Brush – Brushes Cepillo – Cepillos
Glass – Glasses Vaso – Vasos
Box – Boxes Caja - Cajas
Match – Matches Fósforo – Fósforos
Gas – Gasses Gas – Gases
Tomato – Tomatoes Tomate – Tomates

3. Los sustantivos que terminan en consonante + “y”cambian la “y” por “ies”

Ejempbs:
Singular + “ies”

Theory –Theories Teoría – Teorías

Capacity - Capacities Capacidad – Capacidades
Industry - - Industries Industria – Industrias

4. Los sustantivos terminados en “f “o “fe”, cambian estas terminaciones por “ves”.

Ejemplos: Singular + “ves”

Knife – Knives Cuchillo – Cuchillos

Half – Halves Mitad –Mitades
Life – Lives Vida – Vidas

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5. Hay un número de sustantivos en inglés cuyo plural no obedece a ninguna regla en particular.

Ejemplos:

Man – Men
Foot – Feet
Ox – Oxen
Mouse – Mice
Goose – Geese
Child – Children
Hombre – Hombres
Pie – Pies
Buey – Bueyes
Ratón – Ratones
Ganso – Gansos
Niño o Niña – Niños o Niñas

6. Ciertos sustantivos de origen latino o griego conservan el plural derivado de esa lengua
Medium (Medio) Media (Medios)
Stratum (Estrato) Strata (Estratos)
Datum (Dato) Data (Datos)
Criterion (Criterio) Criteria (Criterios)
Genus (Género) Genera (Géneros)
Radius (Radio) Radii (Radios) (geometría)
Bacillus (Bacilo) Bacilli (Bacilos)
Nucleus (Núcleo) Nuclei (Núcleos)

7. Algunos sustantivos presentan una sola forma para el singular y el plural

News Noticia – Noticias
Series Serie – Series
Species Especie –Especies
Especies
8. Algunos sustantivos tienen dos formas en plural cuyos significados son a veces diferentes
Index a) indices índice a) índices (algebraicos)
b) indexes b) índices (alfabéticos)

TABLA DE AFIJOS

PREFIJOS

Prefijo Interpretación Ejemplos

a- negativo amoral= amoral
asymetrical= asimétrico
dis- negativo dismantle= desmontar
disapprove= desaprobar
non- negativo nonconductor= no conductor
non-flammable= no inflamable
un- negativo uncouple= desconectar

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 uncontrolled= no controlado
im- negativo impotent= impotente
immortal= inmortal
in- negativo innumerable= innumerable
insufficient= insuficiente
ill- erróneo - mal illtreat= maltratar
illegible= ilegible
mis- erróneo - mal misreport= informar erróneamente
misfit= ajustar mal

mal- erróneo - mal maladministration= mala administración

malcontent= descontento
over- en exceso overweight= sobrepeso
overpopulation= sobrepoblación
under- insuficiente undervalue= subvaluar
undernourished= desnutrido
de- despojado de devalue=devaluar
descompression= descompresión

PREFIJOS COMUNES EN AMBOS IDIOMAS

Prefijo Ejemplo
mono- monochromatic= monocromático
hyper- hypercritical= hipercrítico
extra- extracharge= recargo
poly- polytechnic= politécnico
mega- megabyte
super- superpower= superpoder
inter- interrelated= interrelacionado
semi- semiprecious= semiprecioso
mini- minicomputer= minicomputadora
multi- multicultural

SUFIJOS

Sufijo Función de la palabra Ejemplos

-ee Sustantivo (el agente realiza la employee= empleado
acción)
-er Sustantivo (el agente realiza la teacher= maestro
acción)
-ist Sustantivo (el agente realiza la typist= mecanógrafo/a
acción)
-or Sustantivo (el agente realiza la autor= autor
acción)
-age Sustantivo storage= almacenamiento
-al Sustantivo removal= remoción
-ance Sustantivo performance= función,
desempeño
-ment Sustantivo management
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 -sion Sustantivo division
-tion Sustantivo solution= solución
-ure Sustantivo failure= falla
-s/es Sustantivo (plural) jobs= trabajos, tomatoes=
tomates
-dom Sustantivo freedom= libertad
-ance Sustantivo protuberance= protuberancia

-ence Sustantivo absence= ausencia

-ity Sustantivo density= densidad
-ness Sustantivo thickness= grosor
-th Sustantivo width= ancho
-ic Adjetivo scientific= científico
-al Adjetivo theoretical= teórico
-ed Adjetivo transmitted= transmitido
-ful Adjetivo beautiful= bello/a
-less Adjetivo (carente de) useless= inútil
-ing Adjetivo demanding=exigente
-ous Adjetivo dangerous= peligroso
-ible Adjetivo responsible= responsable
-ive Adjetivo active= activo
-er Adjetivo (comparativo) bigger= más grande
-ify verbo notify= notificar
-ise/-ize verbo fertilise= fertilizar
-ed verbo (pasado/participio) transmitted= transmitido
-ing verbo (continuo) demanding= exigiendo
-s/-es verbo (3º pers.sing.) works= trabaja/ studies=
estudia
-ly adverbio carefully= cuidadosamente

1. Sufijos- Transformar las palabras dadas entre paréntesis según el tipo de palabra que se
requiera.

Hardware is the 1- (physics)........... computer itself, the keyboard, disk drive, monitor, etc.
Software is made up of the 2- (instruct) .................. that tell the hardware what to do. You 3-
(sure) ......................... know about Microsoft Word. This is a software program that allows the 4-
(create) ................... and 5- (edit) .............. of text documents. Software may also be called an 6-
(apply)...................... To open an application on your computer first click on the start menu
(found in the lower left-hand corner of the 7- (illustrate).................... to the right). In the left hand
column you will see your most 8- (recent)................. 9- (use) .................... applications. The list
at right shows applications from four of the 10- (large)................. vendors, Microsoft,
Macromedia, Adobe and AOL, as well as one from a small independent company (CaptureEze
Pro).

2. Elige la opción correcta.

Basics of the information technology

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Information technology (IT) is a (1) tecnological/ technology which uses computers to gather,
process, store, protect, and transfer information. Today, it is (2) common/commonly to use the
term Information and Communications Technology (ICT) because it is (3) unimagine/
unimaginable to (4) worker/ work on a computer which is not (5) connection /connected to the
network.
The computer consists of:
hardware –(6) physics/ physical computer parts, palpable and visible
software – set of commands that are "understandable" to the (7) computing/computer;
instructions to its palpable parts, giving orders what to do,
Data enters the computer through one or more input devices. The computer then processes the
data and transmits the (8) results/resulting data to output devices. Output devices can be (9)
humanity/human interfaces such as a screen or another (10) electronic/electric device such as a
storage device or computer network.

3. Lee los siguientes textos y transforma las palabras dadas utilizando los prefijos o sufijos
necesarios.

The home computer

Many parents 1) ………………………… (belief) that having a home computer is an 2)

……………………… (invest) in the future of their children and they often pay more than a
thousand pounds for a product they do not 3) ………………………. (full) understand.
According to a recent survey, over two thirds of parents firmly believe in the 4)
……………………………. (education) importance of personal computers. But as the pressure
on parents to buy extremely sophisticated and expensive 5)…………………………….. (equip)
increases, concern is growing in Britain over the real educational value of the computer.
The concern comes as schools are being encouraged by private industry to invest in the 6)
………………………. (late) technology. The 7) …………………………. (govern) also intends
to make access to computers easier in schools as the best way to win what it calls the “8)
……………………………… (know) Race” against other nations.
However, according to some educationalists, parents who think of the computer as some form of
home tutor could be heading for trouble.
Dr. George Hadley, who is a lecturer in educational 9) ……………………. (computer) at
Oxford University, stresses that educational software can never 10) ……………………………
(complete) replace teachers.

Computers that play games

Computers have had the (0) ..ability…(ABLE) to play chess for many years now, and their (1)
……………… (PERFORM) in games against the best players in the world has shown steady (2)
…………………………..(IMPROVE) . However, it will be years before the designers of
computer games machines can beat their (3) ……………………….. (BIG) challenge yet – the
ancient board game called Go. The playing area is (4) …………………………………...
(CONSIDERABLE) larger than in chess and there are far more pieces, so that the (5)
…………………………….. (COMBINE) of moves is almost (6) ……………………… (END) .
The game involves planning so many moves ahead that even the (7) ………………..(IMPRESS)
calculations of the fastest modern computers are (8) ……………………………..
(SUFFICIENT) to deal with the problems of the game.
In a recent (9) …………………………………..(COMPETE) for computer Gomachines, the
best machine beat all its computer rivals, but lost (10) ……………………………….(HEAVY)
to three young schoolchildren, so there is obviously still a lot of work to do!

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4. Elige la opción correcta.

Texto A:

1. Education/Educative/Educational technology can be regarded, as the application of

systematic 2. know/unknown/knowledge about learning and instruction to teaching and training
with the aim of 3. improving/improve/improvement quality and efficiency. For this reason, a
wide range of presentation, control and feedback devices may be employed such as teaching
machines, 4. stimulating/stimulators/stimulate and computers. It should, however, be 5.
emphasis/emphasised/emphasising that techniques such as critical path 6.
analyse/analysing/analysis, curriculum development methods and task analysis are 7.
essence/essential/essentially components as well as the hardware system. In fact, it is 8.
complete/completely/incomplete true that programmed learning co-ordinates these techniques,
it is woven into the fabric of educational technology.

Texto B: A Webcam

An ordinary homecam or Webcam is a video camera, usually attached directly to a computer,

whose existing or lately/later/latest image is demanded from a Web site. A live cam is one that
is continually providing original images that are transmiting/transmit/transmitted in rapid
succession or, in some cases, in streamed/streamer/streaming video. Sites with live cams
sometimes embed them as Java applets in Web pages. Cams have caught on; there are now
several thousand sites with cams. The first cams were positioned for travel,
promoting/promote/promotion, traffic information, and the remote information of any ongoing
event that's interested/interesting/uninteresting, webcams seem like an exciting
possibly/possibility/possible that will become more common as users get access to more
bandwidth.

Texto C: Technology and its evolution

What does the future hold? In 20 years computers will certainly be much more 1-
powerless/powerful than they are today – perhaps by as much as a thousand times. We can also
expect rapid developments in a range of different areas of technology, from nano-materials with
new properties and new, more efficient ways of producing and 2- storage/storing energy, to
robotics, artificial 3- intelligent/intelligence, medicine and genetics. Research and development
activity is already focusing 4- heavier/heavily on these areas. What is much less certain is how
technological developments will be 5- translated/ translation into applications and products,
and how people will want to use them.

Lectura comprensiva, vocabulario técnico. Presente simple. Adjetivos

1. ¿Cuál es la opción incorrecta?

1. After 6pm, calls cost 20p __________ minute

a. for one b. per c. each
2. You can't use a mobile in a cave because there's no __________.
a. network b. connection c. power
3. I need to charge up my mobile phone battery. Have you seen my __________?
a. charger b. recharger c. charging machine
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4. When you send a text message, the __________ function can help your write it more quickly.
a. predicting text b. predictive text c. text predictor
5. In the car, it's safer to use a __________ phone.
a. handless b. no hands c. hands-free
6. If you don't want to dial a number by mistake, turn on the __________.
a. keypad locker b. keypad lock c. locker of keypad
7. Which network has the lowest __________?
a. call charges b. call costs c. call expenses
8. My pay-as-you-go account __________ is about £7.
a. balance b. level c. amount
9. My average call __________ is about two minutes.
a. time b. length c. duration
10. We're a long way from the nearest __________ …
a. broadcaster b. antenna c. transmitter
11. …so the __________ is very weak.
a. sign b. signal c. transmission
12. I'll call her on my…
a. mobile phone b. cell phone c. moving phone d. cellular phone
13. A mobile phone can't work without a…
a. SIM card b. sim card c. sim chip d. similar card
14. Don't forget to send me…
a. a text message b. a text c. an SMS d. a phone message
15. When I arrive, I'll…
a. text you b. textualise you c. send you an SMS d. send you a text

2. Une los siguientes términos con sus definiciones.

BROWSER / HARDWARE / SOFTWARE / SMART PHONE

 It is an advanced mobile phone that allows you to do more than just make phone
calls and send text messages. A typical smart phone might let you browse the
internet and download apps. The iPhone and the HTC are very well known
examples of smart phones.
 It is a general term for computer programs. It can mean anything you install or
add to your technology that isn't hardware (physical stuff). Some examples of
software are Adobe Reader, Microsoft Word, Internet Explorer and screen readers
like JAWS or Supernova.
 It is the physical parts of your technology. A mobile phone is hardware, as well as
a laptop, a computer, a mouse, a keyboard and so on.
 It is what you use to view websites on the Wide Wide Web. The most common
ones are Internet Explorer and Firefox.

3. Elige el mejor adjetivo.

1. Oh dear. I pressed the __________ button.

a. incorrect b. wrong c. false
2. I can't use my mobile phone. The battery's __________.
a. over b. flat c. exhausted
3. The battery isn't completely flat, but its very __________.
a. down b. short c. low
4. My video camera is very __________.
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a. easy to use b. uncomplicated c. obvious
5. My new computer has a very __________ processor.
a. quick b. high speed c. fast
6. The X19 notebook computer features a very __________ design.
a. compact b. little c. small
7. Keeping files on paper is __________ solution.
a. an old-tech b. a past-tech c. a low-tech
8. Keeping files on a computer database is a __________ solution.
a. new-tech b. now-tech c. high-tech
9. My new PDA is the __________ model.
a. latest b. newest c. most modern
10. In our office, we've set up a __________ network.
a. wire-free b. no wires c. wireless
11. A call from New York to Toyko is __________ distance.
a. far b. long c. faraway
12. I don't think this printer is __________ with my computer.
a. compatible b. connectable c. suitable
13. My laptop is only 3 centimetres ___________.
a. thick b. tall c. wide
14. The screen on my laptop isn't very __________.
a. light b. white c. bright
15. In three or four years, my new computer will probably be __________.
a. old fashioned b. behind the times c. obsolete
16. When you connect this to your computer, it will work immediately. It's __________. a. plug
and go b. plug and play c. plug and use

4. Prefijos (Negativos u Opuestos): Ubicar los adjetivos dados en las columnas correctas.

Accurate- active- authorized- compatible- correct- deleted- direct- formatted- justified- legal-
legible- literate- modulated- protected

-il -in -un

1. 1. inaccurate 1.
2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6.

5. Usar ocho adjetivos de la tabla para completar las oraciones.

1. It is impossible to copy to an ................... disk.

2. The input data was .. ..................., so the output is also incorrect.
3. They tried to link the two systems, but found they were ........................
4. The programming error was ...................... for some time.
5. If the manuscript is ......................, send it back to the author to have it typed.
6. There are still numerous people in this country who are ........................
7. He entered an .....................password.
8. Passwords are used to prevent..................... access to the data.

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 Lectura comprensiva. Vocabulario especifico. Frases

1. Unir los siguientes términos (1 – 20) con sus definiciones (a – t)

search engine a. process of copying files from an online source to your computer

motherboard b. process of copying files from your computer to an online or

network location
workstation c. word used to specify particular file or record
application d. a system to protect a private network from outside access
cache e. main circuit board of a computer
database f. a group of computers linked together
upload g. a representation in rows and columns of dots of an image in
computer memory
server h. stored and organized information that is easily retrievable
firewall i. information stored in a Web browser and sent to a server when the
browser contacts that server
bandwidth j. translation of information into a secret code
cursor k. program used to search for websites or documents containing a
given keyword
Ethernet l. a high-speed computer used in work environments
plug-in m. protocol used to connect two or more computers to each other

network n. a module that adds a specific feature to a larger system

information technology o. subject of anything concerning processing or managing information

bitmap p. the capacity for data transfer at a given time

cookie q. a program that performs a certain task on a computer
download r. a computer on a network that manages all of the network resources
encryption s. a high-speed storage mechanism used to store frequently accessed
information

keyword t. blinking line on computer screen

2. Define si estas oraciones son verdaderas o falsas.

1. ___When I want to put a picture on my blog, I download it from my computer onto the
Internet.
2. ___A cookie is a high-speed storage mechanism that allows my computer to store
information I frequently use.
3. ___I used a server to do research on my new car by typing in the model and year. It then
gave me a list of websites relating to my car.
4. ___I just installed this new application on my computer that enables me to balance my
checkbook and keep track of my expenses on my computer.
5. ___Our office recently added five more computers to our network.

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 6. ___Our computers are all connected via encryption so my computer can communicate
with all of the others in the office.
7. ___When you upload a file, you transmit it from your computer to an online bulletin
board or network.
8. ___The database is the main circuit board of the computer.
9. ___At work, I can download files from the Internet much faster than at home because I
have more bitmap.
10. ___A firewall is used to protect a private network from unauthorized access.

3. Lee el párrafo y completa los espacios con las palabras o frases.

Technology - interconnected system - two words - hardware applications - representation of

knowledge

Information Techology (IT) : Information Technology consists of 1)............................

Information and Technology. The term Information refers to any communication or
2)................................................... such as facts, data or opinions in any medium or for, including
textual, numerical, graphic Cartographic, narrative or audiovisual forms. 3) ................................
is the practical form of scientific knowledge or the science of application of knowledge to
practical. Information Technology is any equipment or 4) ...............................................or sub
system of equipments that is used in the acquistion, storage manipulation, management
transmission or reception of data or information. In other words, Information technology refers
to the information processing of the software application on operating systems or
5) ...................................that includes computers, videos, telephones and related equipments of
telecommunications, tapes, CDs, etc.

4. Leer y unir los siguientes términos con sus respectivas definiciones.

a. E- learning 1. a place where people can exchange opinions and ideas on a particular
issue; a meeting organized for this purpose.
b. Interactive 2. the way in which data is stored or held to be worked on by a computer.
c. Feedback 3. a group of people who participate and share information
about a particular topic by using a computer software, for example on the
Internet.
d. Virtual board 4. that allows information to be passed continuously and in both
directions between a computer and the person who uses it.
e. Forum 5. advice, criticism or information about how good or useful something or
somebody's work.
f. Status report 6. the progressive process of acquiring new information or knowlegde by
the involvement of an electronic device.
g. Format 7. a written description containing information about the situation at a
particular time during a process.

5. Completar las oraciones con el vocabulario del ejercicio nº 4.

The images are stored in a digital ..................... within the database.

Universities believe in ..................... teaching methods.
The teacher gave you ........................... on the practice test about Inglés Técnico I.
New technology has enabled development of an online .............................

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There is an Internet ..................to express your opinion about E-Learning.
........................ is the use of electronic media and information and communication
technologies (ICT) in education.
When finishing the activities, press the red arrow to get your .................... in class Nº1.

Lectura comprensiva. Preposiciones- determinadores y conjunciones.

1. Lee la siguiente oración y subraya preposiciones, determinadores y conjunciones.

Many people are afraid of new technology, and, with the increasing presence of the

Internet and computers, the term technophobe refers to those of us who may be wary of

these new developments.

2. Lee el siguiente texto.

ICT

ICT (Information and Communications Technology - or technologies) is an umbrella term that

includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular
phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the
various services and applications associated with them, such as videoconferencing and distance
learning. ICTs are often spoken of in a particular context, such as ICTs in education, health care,
or libraries. According to the European Commission, the importance of ICTs lies less in the
technology itself than in its ability to create greater access to information and communication in
underserved populations. Many countries around the world have established organizations for the
promotion of ICTs, because it is feared that unless less technologically advanced areas have a
chance to catch up, the increasing technological advances in developed nations will only serve to
exacerbate the already-existing economic gap between technological "have" and "have not"
areas. Internationally, the United Nations actively promotes ICTs for Development (ICT4D) as a
means of bridging the digital divide.

a) Define con tus palabras TICs.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………

b) Decide si los enunciados son verdaderos o falsos.

 Las TICs son herramientas tecnológicas de transmisión de información a cualquier sitio.

 El impulso de las TICs en países subdesarrollados incrementa sus niveles económicos
frente a otros países.
 Las Naciones Unidas no están a favor de la utilización de las TICs.
 La Comisión Europea propone la incorporación de las TICs a nivel mundial.

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3. Lee el siguiente párrafo.

‘APP’ is the abbreviation for 'application' and it describes a small program that is onto a mobile
phone or a tablet device. It can be anything from a word processor to a colour detector. In the
Play Store of Android, there are more than 800.000 applications for smart phones. Some of the
most popular are WhatsApp, Instagram or Dubsmash.

Elige la opción correcta y justifica.

El párrafo describe:
a) las funciones de un celular / b) Describe qué es una aplicación. /
c) Menciona las aplicaciones para Android / d) Compara las utilidades de una tablet con un
celular.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
…….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Lee las siguientes oraciones y completa con el término correcto.

Digital immigrants – technophobe – digital native – technogeeks

a. Many people are afraid of new technology, and, with the increasing presence of the
Internet and computers, the term …………………………………….refers to those of us
who can be wary of these new developments.

b. The term …………………………………..refers to someone who grows up using

technology, and, who thus feels comfortable and confident with it – typically today´s
children.

c. Their parents, on the other hand, tend to be …………………………………………, who

enters later in the world of technology. In many cases, teachers are the digital immigrants
and our younger students are the digital natives.

d. Although there is a tendency to call computer users either technophobes or

……………………………………….(a term for a technology enthusiast), the truth is
that most of us probably fall somewhere between the two extremes.

5. Lee el siguiente párrafo con atención y responde el cuestionario.

Information Technology (IT) is a broad term that includes all aspects of managing and
processing information and related technologies. Information technology professionals are
responsible for the design, development, support and management computer hardware, computer
software, and information networks, including the Internet. IT is likely already a part of your life
in ways you may not even be aware. Some examples of real world application of information
technology include computer software used to manage basic computer applications, computer
generated animation in popular movies, networks and programs that allow you to purchase
online, and satellites and systems that enable NASA to perform remote space exploration.
 Con tus palabras, define tecnología de información.
 Da ejemplos de ámbitos en los que se encuentra la tecnología de la información.
 ¿Por qué el texto se refiere a TI como ‘a broad term’?
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  ¿De qué se encargan los especialistas en TI?

Frases sustantivas- Sustantivos Adjetivados

1. Lee el texto.
Concept of Information Technology

Today‘s world is a world of information explosion. This information explosion is taking place in
such a fast speed that even a literate person is feeling as if he or she is illiterate being not able to
cope up with such an information explosion. Here the question arises how is one to cope up with
it? The answer is, information technology (IT) that can help in coping with the information
explosion. So, we can say that Information Technology is nothing but coping up with explosion
of Information.

Information technology (IT) is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal,
pictorial, textual and numerical information by a micro-electronics - based combination of
computing and telecommunication. The term in its modern sense first appeared in a 1958 article
published in the Harvard Bussiness Review, in which authors Leavitt and Whisler commented
that the new technology does not yet have a single established name. We shall call it information
technology.

It spans a wide variety of areas that include but are not limited to things such as processes,
computer software, computer hardware, Programming Languages and data constructs. In short,
anything that renders data, information or perceived knowledge in any visual format whatsoever,
via any multimedia distribution mechanism, is considered part of the domains space known as
Information Technology.

 Defina Tecnología de la información con sus palabras.

 Mencione sus características. (4 como mínimo)

 Brinde ejemplos de formas de utilización.

2. Extraer del texto ejemplo de Frases sustantivas- Transcribirlas e interpretarlas.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

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3. Unir las descripciones con sus aplicaciones.

1. word processor a. Adobe Photoshop

2. spread sheet b. Internet Explorer

3. virus protection c. Microsoft Word

4. browser d. Microsoft Excel

5. image editor e. Microsoft PowerPoint

6. media player f. Norton AntiVirus

7. email software g. Outlook Express

8. presentation software h. Adobe PageMaker

9. graphic design software i. RealPlayer

4. Completa los espacios en blanco con las palabras o frases sugeridas. Hay una palabra extra.

chips - dual core - megabytes – megahertz - motherboard –

environment- processor - speed - upgraded –

The "brain" of a computer is the 1____PROCESSOR___________. Most of these are made by

Intel and AMD, and are sometimes referred to as "2____CHIPS___________". The fastest
processors are ___DUAL CORE___________, which means that there are two processors
working together. The 4 ____SPEED___________ of a processor is measured in
5_____MEGAHERTS__________, which is usually written as MHz.
A computer's memory is measured in 6_______MEGABYTES________. If a computer has
1,024 megabytes of memory, and the memory type is SDRAM, this is written as 1,024 MB
SDRAM, and is pronounced "a thousand and twenty-four megabytes ess-dee-dram".
The processor and memory modules are located on the 7_______MOTHERBOARD________.
Changing a computer's processor is not generally practical, but the memory can usually be
8_________UPGRADED______.

5. Unir las descripciones de la columna B con sus nombres en la columna A. Escribe el número
correcto entre los paréntesis. Hay una opción extra en la columna A.

Column A Column B
PC ( ) 1. It is a lightweight, handheld computer.
It is small enough to fit in the palm of
your hand.
Desktop ( ) 2. It is a personal and portable computer.
It has a flat LCD screen and uses
batteries for mobile use.
Laptop ( ) 3. It has a very powerful processor and
extra memory capacity due to the kind
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 of work people employed it for.
PDA ( ) 4. It is for one person use only. Formerly it
was named microcomputer because of
Workstation ( ) its size: being smaller than the ones
employed in businesses.

Lectura comprensiva. Voabulario técnico.

1. Lee el texto.

Humans were the first "computers", and then machines appeared to carry out the computational
tasks. Now these machines are a new form of information technology. Information is accessible
from anywhere. It deals with the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal,
pictorial, textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of
computing and telecommunications.

Thanks to the continuous development of computers, the original computing systems became
minicomputers and later personal computers took the lead. Nowadays, mobile phones are
dethroning the personal computer and computing is evolving faster to become disembodied more
like a cloud, becoming accessible more easily whenever needed. Information technology in this
sense, transforms people and companies and allows digital technology to influence society and
economy alike.

2. Responde las siguientes preguntas.

¿Cuál es la principal causa del cambio en la tecnología de la información?

¿Qué factores influyen en la evolución en la tecnología de información?
¿Cómo interpreta la frase ‘… computing is evolving faster to become disembodied more like a
cloud...’ (renglones 9 y 10)?

3. Elige la opción correcta.

 At work, I have a(n) (application, workstation) that is much faster than my computer at
home.
 I saved the image I created in my design program as a (bitmap, cookie) so I could open it
again in a different program.
 When my mother first used a computer, she had difficulty seeing the (cache, cursor), but
now that she is used to it, she knows to look for a blinking line.
 He studied (encryption, information technology) and became an expert at deciphering
secret codes used to protect hidden information.
 When doing research, it is useful to come up with several (keywords, plug-ins) you can
use to find articles and websites about your topic
 I wasn't able to view the video on the website because I didn't have the necessary (plug-
in, bitmap) on my computer.
 My boss asked me to create a (server, database) of all of our business contacts and
clients so all of the contact information would be organized and easy to retrieve.
 My friend sent me a funny animated cartoon, but when I opened it, a window popped up
on the screen. It said I didn't have the right (plug-in, cookie) to play the cartoon, but that
I could download it for free from another website.

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  My sister got a job in the (Ethernet, information technology) department at a financial
services company, so now she helps fix computer problems in the office and helps people
use their computers more effectively for their work.
 The (motherboard, server) is the computer at work that manages all of our network
resources, so when there is a problem with it, we can't share files with other computers or
work on the website.

4. Elige la opción correcta. Términos de la Internet

1. "The website gets a thousand hits a week" means the website has a thousand _________ a
week.
a. sales b. visits c. search engine matches
2. The words, images and other material that make up a website are called __________.
a. the contents b. the content c. the filling
3. Designs and drawings in websites are usually called __________.
a. web pictures b. web graphics c. web illustrations
4. Moving pictures in websites are usually called __________.
a. cartoons b. movies c. animations
5. Websites with sounds and/or video clips and/or animations have __________ content.
a. multimedia b. many-media c. mixed-media
6. A space in a website where you enter information (address, password etc.) is called a
__________.
a. box b. strip c. field
7. A hyperlink is often called just __________. a. a link b. a hyper c. an HL
8. In real time (see 3.4) means __________.
a. during working hours b. instantly c. in British Standard Time
9. A place with computers for public internet use is usually called an internet café or __________
even if they don't serve coffee.
a. web café b. computer café c. cyber café
10. A program that adds functions to a browser (eg Shockwave) is called a __________.
a. plug b. plugged-in c. plug-in

Voz Pasiva: Presente Simple. Preposiciones. Frases verbales.

WORKSTATION- SWITCH- LOCAL DRIVE- NETWORK DRIVE

-BACKED UP- ROUTER- - FIREWALL- SERVER- ETHERNET CABLE

1- Completar las oraciones con palabras de la caja. Hay una palabra extra.

1. When a copy of all the data and files of a computer is saved/stored on a different computer, it
is .........................................

2. A powerful computer that is used on a computer network to store/save other computers' data
and files, is called a .......................................

3. A device/machine on a computer network that is used to move data between the different
computers and servers, is a .....................................

4. A 'hard drive' or place on a computer where applications or files are stored/saved, is also
called a ............................................
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5. When a person's files and applications are stored on the computer network and not on their
local drive/computer, they are on a .....................................

6. The name of the software that stops viruses from entering into a computer network, is called
a .......................................

7. The 'computers' on computer network are often named .................................

8. A device/machine where all the data entering a computer network goes through, is
called a .........................................

2. Lee el texto y responde.

An ordinary homecam or Webcam is a video camera, which is usually attached

directly to a computer, whose existing or latest image is demanded from a Web site. A
live cam is one that is continually providing original images that are transmitted in
rapid succession or, in some cases, in streaming video. Sites with live cams sometimes
embed them as Java applets in Web pages. There are several thousand sites with cams,
mainly for travel promotion, traffic information, and the remote information of any
ongoing event that's interesting. Webcams are considered an exciting possibility that
will become more common as users get access to more bandwidth.

¿Cuál es el tipo de cámaras que hace referencia el texto?

¿Cuál es el uso comercial de las cámaras?

¿Cómo podría ampliarse el número de usuarios que las utilicen?

3. Elija la opción correcta.

1. The printer has _____ of ink. a. finished b. ended up c. run out
2. The secretary has to______ twenty pages from this document. a. extract b. print out c. take
out
3. The projector isn't working because it isn't ______. a. plugged b. plugged in c. plugged into
4. I have to ______ a computer screen for eight hours a day. a. see b. look at c. watch on
5. ______ your computer, and unplug it from the wall socket. a. switch on b. Switch of
c.switch off
6. I turned off the photocopier and _____ the plug. a. pulled out b. extracted c. took away
7. When I've finished using my computer, I always ____.
a. close it down b. shut it down c. shut it off
8. If I leave my computer on without using it, after a while it goes into _____ mode.
a. stand down b. waiting c. standby

4. Subraye la opción correcta.

Problemas con software

1. The operating system in / on my computer doesn't support the latest version of / from this
application.
2. My computer says it hasn't got enough memory for / to run this program.
3. I think there's a bug in / inside this software.
4. There doesn't seem to be an icon for the program in /on the desktop.
5. I can't use this program. It's all in / with French!
6. I can't get the driver for my new printer to /at work.
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7. I haven't got a media player in / on my computer.
8. You can download one for free to / from the internet.
9. Why don't you close off / down all those other applications you've got open?
10. Go to / on the "start" menu, and click at / on "All Programs".

Frases: orden de las palabras. Adjetivos –ing. Adjetivos –ed. Frases verbales.

FUNCIÓN DE LAS PALABRAS: “ING” ¿Adjetivo, Sustantivo o Verbo?

Una palabra terminada en “ing” puede estar en función sustantiva, función adjetiva o función verbal.
Adjetivos
Inglés Español
We know the directors meeting in this room. Conocemos a los directores que se reúnen en esta
sala.
The meeting room is opposite the conference La sala de reunión está enfrente de la sala de
room. conferencia.

Sustantivos
Inglés Español
The manager wiil be directing a meeting at 5 El gerente estará dirigiendo una reunión mañana a las
tomorrow. 5.

Verbo
Inglés Español
We are meeting a new manager. Estamos conociendo al nuevo gerente.

ADJETIVOS “ED”

Estas palabras también derivan de verbos y se forman agregando “ed”. Para buscarlas en el
diccionario, se sacan estas terminaciones, se busca la palabra con función verbal y se coloca
como corresponde, con función adjetiva. Los adjetivos “ed” son los adjetivos, que en Español,
terminan en “ado/ido”.

Ejemplos:
Inglés Español

reduced speed velocidad reducida

imported products productos importados
contaminated area área contaminada
limited range serie limitada
specialized technicians técnicos especializados

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1. Completa los espacios en blanco con las frases o palabras dadas.
essential components- feedback devices –improving their quality –
systematic knowledge- computers
Educational technology can be regarded, as the application of ………………………………..
about learning and instruction to teaching and training with the aim of …………………………..
and efficiency. For this reason, a wide range of presentation, control and
………………………… may be employed such as teaching machines, stimulators and
............................................. It should, however, be emphasised that techniques such as critical
path analysis, curriculum development methods and task analysis are …………………………..
as well as the hardware system. In fact, it is completely true that programmed learning co-
ordinates these techniques, it is woven into the fabric of educational technology.
b- Lea el texto nuevamente y responda.
¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la incorporación de la tecnología en el ámbito educativo?
¿Cómo definiría a la tecnología educativa?
¿Qué recursos se utilizan para su implementación?

2. a- Lee el texto, observa las palabras en negrita e indica la función que cumplen en cada frase.
The very purpose of educational technology is to facilitate and improve the quality of human
learning. It is concerned with achieving the goals of maintaining internal discipline,
adapting to its environment, etc. For solving the varied problems of education successfully,
educational technology consisting of various media of mass communication, suitable child
learning processes, and modern testing and evaluation techniques are essential. Especially
in developing countries, it has to be mastered and utilised by educationists if they are to
keep pace with each other and catch up with the developed nations. As such both
quantitative expansion and qualitative improvement of education can be facilitated and
accelerated with the help of educational technology.

b- Lee el texto nuevamente y responda.

¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la incorporación de la tecnología en el ámbito educativo?
¿Qué recursos se utilizan para su implementación?
¿Qué países se ven beneficiados por el uso de las TICs en la educación?

3- Elija la opción correcta.

1. Before you can start shopping, you usually have to ____ to the site. (If you don't already have
an account, you have to create one.) a. close in b. sign in c. fill in
2. You can _____space on your hard drive by uninstalling applications you never use.
a. free down b. free up c. take away
3. To have access to plenty of information, you have to ___ a wireless network in your own
home or office. a. set up b. set in c. set down
4. The words, images and other material that __ a website are called the content.
a. make out b. make off c. make up

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5. You can often find the answer to a question by __ on the internet.
a.looking at it b. looking for it c. looking it up
6. Why don't you close ____all those other applications you've got open? a. off b. down c. up
7. That image is distorted, you have to _____. a. touch it on b. touch it upon c. touch it up
8. Turn on your computer. It will usually take a few minutes to __. a. boot on b. boot up c.boot
off

Lectura comprensiva.

1 - Completa el siguiente texto con los términos correctos.

Advances – computer – have – influence – influenced by – information technology – on –

online – technological

As we move into the twenty-first century, it is clear to see that we have become more and more
dependent on computers and 1)........................... This technology now reaches into almost every
area of our lives and it is easy to predict that this phenomenon is only going to grow. My
personal belief is that this presents a variety of dangers.
It is highly likely that in the future there will be comparatively few aspects of our lives that will
not be 2)................. computer technology. The probability is that it will 3)..................an
impact 4).................. more and more forms of communication, transforming fields such as
education and business when video-conferencing platforms become more stable.
It might even affect romance with more people forming relationships 5)...................
While there may be benefits to this 6)................. revolution, there are also a number of potential
dangers. Perhaps the most serious of these would be that if people rely on computers too much
for communication, they could in fact begin to communicate less well. For example, if every
member of a family had their own 7)................... screen and smart phone, they might speak less
and less often to one another and simply look at a screen. This would be serious because our
ability to communicate is an essential part of our humanity.
My conclusion is that the further 8).................. in computer technology are inevitable, but that
this may not be entirely positive. Just one area in which it is possible to foresee dangers is
communication, and if we are going to ensure that computers do not become a
negative 9)............., we need to think carefully how we use them.

2 - Define si las siguientes oraciones son verdaderas o falsas con respecto al texto:

1. En este nuevo siglo nos hemos vuelto más dependientes de las nuevas tecnologías.
2. Este nuevo fenómeno no se seguirá desarrollando ni evolucionando.
3. La tecnología de la información no representa ningún riesgo para la humanidad.
4. Las formas en las que nos comunicamos como así también diversos campos de
conocimiento se verán afectadas e influenciadas por las Tics.
5. Todos los avances tecnológicos son positivos.
6. El autor del texto alienta a un uso consiente y responsable de las computadoras.

3. Leer el artículo y responder las preguntas.

Technology in the workplace allows businesses to expand quickly and efficiently. Business
technology such as video conferencing, social networks and virtual office technology has
removed workplace boundaries that previously limited business expansion. With business
technology, companies can target a wider customer base and grow to higher levels. It is
important because it improves communication in the workplace. Office workers are not limited
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to phone calls or inter-office mail to interact with one another anymore. Electronic mail allows
workers to send messages instantly without interrupting the recipient. Business technology also
improves communication with clients and business partners because information can be passed
through multiple channels almost instantly. In addition, technology in the workplace improves
the efficiency of screening, recruiting and hiring potential candidates. Businesses utilize the
Internet to spread the word about the organization and advertise job openings. Hiring managers
can target candidates by using digital advertising technology that tracks the websites they visit.

a- ¿Cuáles son los beneficios de incorporar la tecnología en ámbitos laborales? Nombrar cuatro.
b- ¿Quiénes se ven beneficiados por la introducción de la tecnología?
c- ¿Cuál es el tema del texto? a) las innovaciones tecnológicas, b) la influencia de la tecnología
en la sociedad, c) la tecnología de negocios.

4. Sustituir la frase/ oración resaltada con el vocabulario correcto.

a- browser b- website c- Internet (w.w.w) d- pop-up

e- chatrooms f- log on g- provider (ISP) h- download
i- search engine j- newsgroups

In my opinion, the best thing about modern information technology is the 1. network that links
millions of computers from around the world........ Once you've got yourself a 2. company
that allows you access ..........and a 3. program that finds information you can start using
this......... It's especially useful if you want to get information about something, go shopping or 4.
transfer information, games, music, etc, onto your own computer....... You can even 'talk' to
other computer users in 5. special places where you can leave messages and get instant
replies....... If you have a particular interest in something, you can also visit 6. places on the
computer where you can 'talk' to other people with the same interest.......... Most companies
have their own 7. special computer pages which you can look at......... Let me 8. turn the
computer on, enter my code and access the computer system........., and I'll show you ours.
OK, here we go. Oh no, another 9. advertisement that suddenly appears on the computer
screen.......... How annoying. I can never remember the exact address of our company, so first of
all I'll type it into the10.program that helps you find the information you want.........

5. Actividad de Integración.

a) Lee el texto y extrae ejemplos de sustantivos plurales, frases sustantivas, sustantivos

adjetivados, adjetivos –ed/-ing.
b) Responde
¿Cuál es el tema central del texto?
¿Qué representa el siguiente porcentaje.. 58%?
¿Cuáles son las formas de interacción entre los actores involucrados en este proceso de
aprendizaje?
¿Por qué describe al aprendizaje virtual como un desafío?

E-learning in the e-World

After hearing about the Digital Age in the 90’s, e-Commerce, e-Business, e-Shopping and other
terms beginning with the letter ‘e’ to refer to the electronic world and the Internet, when we talk
today about e-Learning, we think of a site in the Internet or Intranet that is available to
everybody, an illustrated encyclopedia in electronic format, or even a multimedia-based
presentation. In fact, all these ideas are far beyond an e-Learning definition.
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Electronic learning is a kind of virtual or distance education to deliver content by electronic
means through the use of the Internet, Intranet, or CD-ROM, and is aimed at effective learning in
real time. Studies have shown that the average learning retention rate resulting from traditional
approaches is about 58%; however, this is improved with e-Learning and resulted in a learning
retention of about 72.5 or 92.8%, which is quite high.

This e-Learning capacity to deliver content is due to a combination of several factors, among
them: it delivers relevant information in a dynamic and module-like way, is highly interactive not
only with the program but also with other people (in the case of online e-Learning or web-based
training), exposes the individual to ordinary experiences and decisions, is a safe and controlled
approach based on the trial and error method, and rewards success with positive feedback.
Moreover, it provides status reports and allows men and women to be trained any time and
anywhere.

E-Learning is increasingly oriented to real-time learning, that is, activities facilitating

simultaneous interaction between learners and instructors. What we mean is the use of tools such
as Internet chatting, teleconference, videoconference (together with power-point presentations),
virtual boards to share content, discussion forums or newsgroups, and other tools that can be
shared.

To this regard, it is important to analyze people’s needs and the groups that will require an e-
Learning solution to find the best technology for different learning objectives. These objectives
are aimed at students who are able to comprehend the contents by analyzing information in a
more productive way and through the use of the most suitable tools. E-learning has become daily
news and a new challenge in people’s lives.

In short, e-Learning is a new delivery system of old training programs though the use of the
Internet rather than CDs. It is not an Internet portal to find training data. It is a comprehensive,
fast, efficient, and effective training solution that combines excellent information management
with the best technology.

6. Lee el párrafo y completa las oraciones.

Technology in education

Many people warn of the possible harmful effects of using technology in the classroom. Will
children lose their ability to relate to other human beings? Will they become dependent on
technology to learn? Will they find inappropriate materials? The same was probably said with
the invention of the printing press, radio, and television. All of these can be used inappropriately,
but all of them have given humanity unbounded access to information which can be turned into
knowledge. Appropriately used-- interactively and with guidance-- they have become tools for
the development of higher order thinking skills. Inappropriately used in the classroom,
technology can be used to perpetuate old models of teaching and learning. Students can be
"plugged into computers" to do drill and practice that is not so different from workbooks.
Teachers can use multimedia technology to give more colorful, stimulating lectures. Both of
these have their place, but such use does not begin to tap the power of these new tools.

¿Cuándo la tecnología podría tener efectos adversos en la educación?

Explica la expresión "plugged into computers".

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