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1 CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES IN DRRM +

DRRM CYCLE
MR. JERICKSON S. CHUA
2 REVIEW:
Disaster Preparedness.
 Vulnerability assessment is essentially a methodology by which we can measure the community’s
susceptibility to hazards and resilience to cope and withstand the impacts of hazards. (Physical,
Social, Economic and Environmental)
Importance of planning
3 WHAT IS DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT?
Disaster risk management refers to a systematic approach that provides strategies, policies, and
mechanisms to minimize the impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.
It aims to formulate related activities and preventive measures for disaster preparedness,
prevention, and mitigation, as well as recovery and rehabilitation.

4 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

The Philippines is exposed to numerous disasters and hazards. Due to its geographical location
and geological situation.
It is also exposed to internal disputes and environmental factors. These hazards cost the country
thousands of lives and billions of pesos worth of damages to properties

5 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

Types of hazard that is prevalent in the Philippines:

Hydrometeorogical Hazard. These includes tropical cyclones, floods, and landslide brought by rain
and windstorms. Example: Super Typhoon Yolanda which killed 6,300 Filipinos and damaged more
or less P90 Billion worth of properties.

6 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

Environmental hazards. These include deforestation which triggers flood risk.

Seismic hazards. Philippines is one od the most earthquake-prone countries in the world. Example:
7.2 magnitude earthquake in Bohol last October 2013. killed atleast 42 people and damages to
properties and historical churches.

7 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

Human-induced disasters. These include internal disputes that threatens the peace and security of
thousands of civilians.

The Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED) in 1998 ranked the fatalities
due to disasters in the Philippines during the 20th century.

8 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

9 WHY DO WE NEED TO MANAGE DISASTER RISK?

So why do you think we need to manage disaster risks?

Because there still threats that make people vulnerable. Disasters and people’s risk to disaster are

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Because there still threats that make people vulnerable. Disasters and people’s risk to disaster are
still prevalent. Also, there are still gaps in terms of knowledge, information, understanding, and
capacities which pose big challenges for the country.
10 DRRM IN THE PHILIPPINES
Disaster risk management is guided by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Plan (NDRRMP), strengthened by the Republic Act 10121 or the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Act of 2010.

11 DRRM IN THE PHILIPPINES

NDRRMP is a systematic guide to achieve sustainable development and inclusive growth
through training and empowering communities to increase their resiliency and to promote their
welfare and security against different hazards.
To achieve this goal, four thematic areas were created, namely: disaster mitigation, disaster
preparedness, disaster response, and disaster recovery.

12 DISASTER RISK RESPONSE

REACTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Reactive means doing something in response to a problem when they occur instead of doing
something to prevent them.
This approach views disaster as a natural hazard which cannot be prevented from happening. It
doesn’t consider the implications it may bring in social and economic aspect. Disaster management
only comes as a reactive response to a disaster.

13 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

Disaster risk reduction refers to the concept, strategies, and practices employed to reduce
disaster risks and manage the casual factors of disasters within the context of sustainable
development.
Generally, it involves the following:
Reduced exposure to hazards; lessened vulnerability of people and property; wise management
of land and environment; improved preparedness for adverse effects.

14 WHY IS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION BETTER THAN RESPONSE?

The Philippines has been adopting disaster risk response for the past several years. Actions were
taken only immediately or after the disaster happened. However, this kind of action was only a
short-term response. It does not empower people to become prepared and resilient to disaster.
The paradigm for disaster risk management has shifted from reactive to proactive disaster risk
management.

15 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT (DRRM) CYCLE

Natural hazards are hard to prevent from happening. But it can be minimized. That is why many
institutions initiate the formulation of disaster risk reduction management to minimize the potential
harmful effects, such as losses of lives and properties.
The DRRM Cycle consists of four phases: preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation. These
phases can be categorized into two: sustainable development and humanitarian action.

16 DRRM CYCLE
PREPAREDNESS
Refers to the programs and activities which aim to anticipate the occurrence of disaster, how to
respond to it, and how to be ready on the adverse impacts of the disaster.
Disaster preparedness focuses on pre-disaster activities and measures to reduce loss of life and

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respond to it, and how to be ready on the adverse impacts of the disaster.
Disaster preparedness focuses on pre-disaster activities and measures to reduce loss of life and
property.
One of the most important aspects of disaster preparedness is the establishment of early
warning system.

17 DRRM CYCLE
RESPONSE
This refers to the action or assistance immediately during and after the disaster. This area focuses
on short-term needs.
Evacuation temporary mass departure of people and property threatened location.
Saving people and livelihoods, Immediate assistance
Assessing damage and loss. Information about the impact of disasters on assets and production
loss.
18 DRRM CYCLE
RECOVERY
Pertains to ways on how damages can be restored after the disasters strikes. Several measures
on how to improve facilities and livelihood are also the concern of recovery efforts. “build back
better”
Rehabilitation is also attached to the concept of recovery.
The largest rehabilitation in the Philippines after World War II was during the Typhoon Yolanda. P
170.7 Billion.

19 DRRM CYCLE
Mitigation
Refers to measures which aim to reduce the frequency, scale, intensity, and impact of hazards. It
incorporates building of disaster-resilient infrastructures ad formulating environmental policies.
Structural: create new designs of buildings, roads, and other structure which can stand the impact
of disaster.
Non-structural: refers to regulations, activities, and capacitating effort of people to reduce hazard.

20 DRRM CYCLE
Mitigation
Refers to measures which aim to reduce the frequency, scale, intensity, and impact of hazards. It
incorporates building of disaster-resilient infrastructures ad formulating environmental policies.
Structural: create new designs of buildings, roads, and other structure which can stand the impact
of disaster.
Non-structural: refers to regulations, activities, and capacitating effort of people to reduce hazard.

21 DRR FRAMEWORK OF ALBAY FOCUSING ON PROACTIVE APPROACH TO DRRM

22 QUICK CHECK: NOTEBOOK

1. What to you is disaster preparedness? Explain.
2. Do you believe that planning and preparing for a disaster before it happens is a good practice?
Why?
3. Is disaster preparedness a concern only of the government? Justify your answer.
4. Which do you think is easier to manage or deal with, a natural disaster or a man-made disaster?
Share you opinion on the matter.