GOVERNMENT LAW COLLEGE, TRIVANDRUM

Cyber Crime Awareness

amongst students of
Government Law College,
Trivandrum – A Legal Survey

Bijoy Saima

The Internet represents both risks and opportunities for young people. The Internet has become all pervasive in
the lives of young people and this paper will review studies that examine the extent of awareness that exists
amongst students of Government Law College. The reason of the sample audience is to test the hypothesis
whether law students would display a higher degree of cyber crime awareness.
 Cyber Crime Awareness amongst
students of Government Law College,
Trivandrum – A Legal Survey

Submitted by

By

Bijoy Saima

A Legal Survey Report submitted in partial fulfilment of Internal

Assessment requirements for the Fifth Semester of coursework

pertaining to Alternate Dispute Resolution for the award of

Legum Baccalaureus

at the

Government Law College, Trivandrum

 Table of Contents
Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 1

Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 2

Objectives of the study ............................................................................................................... 6

Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 6

Participants ............................................................................................................................. 6

Design of Survey Instrument.................................................................................................. 6

Data Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 7

Limitations of the study.......................................................................................................... 7

Findings And Analyses .............................................................................................................. 8

Age ..................................................................................................................................... 8

Year of Study and Course .................................................................................................. 8

Family Income .................................................................................................................... 8

Frequency of Access .......................................................................................................... 8

Mode of Access .................................................................................................................. 9

Presence in Social Networking Sites .................................................................................. 9

Typical Activity................................................................................................................ 10

Pornography ..................................................................................................................... 10

Illegality of Pornography ................................................................................................. 10

Videos – Upload and Download ...................................................................................... 11

Hacking ............................................................................................................................ 11

Defamation ....................................................................................................................... 12

Cyber bullying .................................................................................................................. 12

Theoretical Awareness of Common Cyber Crimes .......................................................... 12

Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 14

Frequency Tables ..................................................................................................................... 15

Abstract
People's perception and attitude towards computer ethics and information security
significantly affect the way they use information technology. This is especially the case among
university students who are generally regarded as major violators of computer ethics and
computer security. The paper intend to examine the level of ethical and security awareness
among Law students. A questionnaire based survey method on cyber crime awareness among
students of Government Law College, Trivandrum in the state of Kerala. The findings of this
study could be useful for the college management to understand the mentality of the students
while setting up policies and regulations to effectively reduce the instances cyber crime in the
student community. The findings of this study reveals that there are satisfactory levels of
awareness among the students surveyed. However only 40 percent of the students were able to
exhibit a firm theoretical knowledge of the common types of cyber crimes enlisted under
Section 43 of the The Information Technology Act, 2000

1
Introduction
There are estimated 600 million mobile users and 130 million internet users in India along
1
with 20 million broadband users. Facebook reported that as of December, 2012, it has 71
million users in India and most of them are accessing Internet through mobile phones. 2 These
reports would tell how much the Indian youth has made internet communication mediums
such as Google and Facebook part and parcel of their every day affairs. But at the same time,
it also needs to be understood that millions of internet users in India are unaware of cyber
safety and security essentials,3 netiquettes and proper forums for reporting crimes4. Internet
and digital communication technology (DCT) has created an enormous opportunity for people
of all ages including student community to contribute and accumulate information. People are
getting connected to each other through emails, chatrooms, social media platforms like
Facebook, Twitter etc, blogs etc. Internet and DCT also make it possible for users to avail
online banking, shopping as well as e-library facilities. Parihar had shown the positive usage
of the social media by the students as well as the higher educational institutions. The study
had taken up the usage of popular social media like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Indian
websites and shown that while students mostly use the platforms for connecting with seniors,
classmates, faculty members and get information for opportunities abroad, many higher
educational institutes apply social media marketing method to market themselves for
prospective students. The study also highlighted that even though various types of cyber
crimes are inevitable when using social media, growing number of Indian students are
positively using the social media.5 The news consumption and dissemination by the students
in the cyber space by using “uses and gratification theory” was mainly used to find out the
motives behind consumption and dissemination of the news in the cyber space. Even though
online consumption of news is lesser than offline consumption of the news, students use
dissemination for relaxation and maintaining personal relationships. It is interesting to note
that this study also found out that news dissemination is considered as a way for “showing
off” one’s knowledge, expertise, smartness etc and it is considered as one way of expressing

1
Math favors Indians and I am a mathematician: Google chief. NDTV. Retrieved on 20th February 2014 from
http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/mathfavours-india-and-i-m-a-mathematician-google-chief-345403.
2
NDTV (February 8, 2013b). Facebook has 71 million active users in India. NDTV. Retrieved on 25th May
2013 from http://gadgets.ndtv.com/social-networking/news/facebook-has-71-million-activeusers-in-india-50-
million-duplicate-accounts-worldwide-328213.
3
Umarhathab, S., Rao, G. D. R., & Jaishankar, K. (2009). Cyber Crimes in India: A Study of Emerging Patterns
of Perpetration and Victimization in Chennai City. Pakistan Journal of Criminology, 1(1), 51-66, April 2009.
4
Halder, D., & Jaishankar, K. (2010). Cyber Victimization in India: A Baseline Survey Report. Tirunelveli,
India: Centre for Cyber Victim Counselling.
5
Parihar, M. (2011). Use of Social Media as a Tool for Higher Learning. Retrieved on 20th February 2014 from
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1983182

2
personal opinion about day to day affairs. Popular Social Networking Sites like Orkut etc are
used mainly for messaging and chatting. However, this study did not include rural population
and does not give any demographic division of the population.6

While in the US and Europe, college students avail the internet and DCT to the maximum to
acquire and share information7, in India, the popularity of this medium among the college
students has somewhat been restricted to connecting with friends, relatives and searching for
higher education institutions. Similar to the urban population, the rural population are now
getting connected to DCT network and they are being encouraged to participate in e-
governance through various schemes. Schools, colleges and universities situated in the semi
rural, rural or interior parts are encouraging the use of IT and DCT to their students. Notably,
the student population in such schools, colleges and universities may not come from
economic and social backgrounds which can afford to have a home computer and an
uninterrupted internet connection. The findings of TCS GenY survey 2012-13 of nearly
17,500 high school students (metros and Tier II Towns) across 14 Indian cities reveals that
smart devices and unprecedented levels of online access are making this generation the most
connected one and this is changing the way they communicate with each other and
transforming both their academic and social lives.8 Even though some researchers have taken
up to review the cyber safety awareness, cyber crime awareness etc in India, most of these
researches have targeted urban population who are economically well placed than their semi-
urban and rural counterparts, who are better educated and tech-savvy. A majority of the
respondents use internet for emails (including sending and receiving mails), chatting, seeing
online entertainments etc. The study pointed out that many respondents did not recognise the
potential of internet as a portal for online learning, e-journals, e-library etc. The study is
important mainly because it showed the usage patterns of college students in 2003 when
social networking sites were not as popular as now and one of the major ways of getting
connected was limited to chat rooms such as yahoo messenger, hotmail etc.9 Rotszein10

6
Manjunatha, S. (2013). The Usage of Social Networking sites Among the College Students in India.
International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(5), 15-21, (May,
2013 ). Retrieved on 20th February 2014 from http://www.isca.in/IJSS/Archive/v2/i5/3.ISCA-IRJSS-2013-
065.pdf.
7
Rotszein, B. (2003). Problem Internet use and locus of control among college students: Preliminary findings.
Poster presentation at The 35th Annual Conference of the New England Educational Research Organization,
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, April 10, 2003.
Retrieved on 20th February 2014 from http://www.brianrotsztein.com/downloads/internetresearch.pdf
8
Tata Consultancy Services. (2013). TCS GenY Survey 2012-13. Retrieved on 2th February 2014 from
http://sites.tcs.com/genysurvey/
9
Tadasad, P. G., Maheshwarappa, B. S., & Alur, S. (2003). Use of Internet Undergraduate Students of PDA
College of Engineering, Gulbarga. Annals of Library and Information Studies, 50(1), 31-42.

3
pointed out thatthe college students are more privileged than the school students when it
comes to internet usage as the higher educational institutes may offer emails for the students.
The students may also posses advanced knowledge about the usage of the computer and
internet. But this may have positive as well as negative effects as college students may face
problem internet use, including internet addiction, serious health related problems due to this
etc. While on the positive effect, the students may use these services for disseminating
knowledge as well as gaining information. The study concentrated on excessive internet use
by the college students, related behavioural disorder and the role of locus of control in the
issue. This study showed that men stayed online more than women and resultantly they felt
more satisfied, missed classes, arrived late in the destination places, and lied about their
internet use. The study also showed that men preferred to stay online and avoid family
gatherings and parties. The study further showed that women recognised behavioural
problems and attempted to stop internet usage than men.

There is a need to analyse the present status of use and misuse of Internet by youth in India,
especially, the Semi-urban and rural youth, when many girls become victims of cyber social
networking sites and boys become victims of abuse of Internet.11 Online risks facing young
people include exposure to sexually explicit material as well as online victimization on the
Internet. Exposure to sexually explicit Internet material is an important concern as there is
evidence that such exposure is related to greater sexual uncertainty and more positive attitudes
towards uncommitted sexual exploration among youth. Online harassment is defined as
‘threats or other offensive behaviour (not sexual solicitation) sent online to the youth or
posted online about the youth for others to see. Sexual solicitation is defined as ‘requests to
engage in sexual activities or sexual talk or to give personal sexual information that were
unwanted or, whether wanted or not, made by an adult (18 years old or older).12 One of the
more common forms of harassment among youth is that of cyber bullying, which is defined as
‘willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text’.13 It is often
perceived as the online version of offline bullying, or ‘traditional bullying’, which is
characterized as the ‘aggressive intentional act or behavior that is carried out by a group or an
individual repeatedly and over time against a victim who cannot easily defend him or

10
Supra Note 6
11
Supra Note 4
12
Wolak J, Mitchell KJ, Finkelhor D. Online victimization of youth: 5 years later. Alexandria, VA: National
Center for Missing & Exploited Children; 2006.
13
Patchin JW, Hinduja S. Bullies move beyond the schoolyard: a preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth
Violence Juvenile Justice 2006; 4:148–169.

4
herself’.14

Although Dehue et al. found that name-calling and gossiping were the most frequently
reported cyber-bullying behaviors, other bullying behaviors include spreading rumors, making
threats, or otherwise sending malicious messages.15

Despite the risks, the Internet can also be a positive tool for student learning as well as youth
empowerment and well being. There is evidence that computer and Internet use improves test
scores16,17, history chronology learning, and motivation to learn18. Although promising, the
benefits are not without limits. Older students seem to benefit more from online aids than
younger students, and the very youngest of students actually do worse in technological
formats compared with traditional paper and pencil formats.19 There is also evidence that the
Internet may help to empower youth, particularly those in disadvantaged circumstances.
Barak and Sadovsky20 found that hearing-impaired youth took advantage of the heavily visual
medium of the Internet to communicate. Doing so also had a positive effect on their well
being. A recent review concluded that adolescents are primarily using the Internet to reinforce
offline relationships, adolescents also seem to use online forums such as home- pages and
blogs to gain positive feelings of mastery and competence.21

14
Smith PK, Mahdavi J, Carvalho M, et al. Cyber bullying: its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. J
Child Psychol Psychiatry 2008; 49:376–385.
A comparison of traditional bullying and cyber bullying which found that cyber bullying had a similar impact
factor as traditional bullying.
15
Dehue F, Bolman C, Vo¨ llink T. Cyberbullying: youngsters’ experiences and parental perception.
CyberPsychol Behav 2008; 11:217–223.
This study found that parents were not generally aware of their children’s cyber bullying experiences, either as
cyber bullies or as cyber bullying victims.
16
Wainer J, Dwyer T, Dutra RS, et al. Too much computer and Internet use is bad for your grades, especially if
you are young and poor: results from the 2001 Brazilian SAEB. Comput Educ 2008; 51:1417–1429.
17
Biesinger K, Crippen K. The impact of an online remediation site on performance related to high school
mathematics proficiency. J Comput Math Sci Teach 2008; 27:5–17.
18
Rau P-LP, Gao Q, Wu L-M. Using mobile communication technology in high school education: Motivation,
pressure, and learning performance. Comput Educ 2008; 50:1–22.
19
Foreman N, Boyd-Davis S, Moar M, et al. Can virtual environments enhance the learning of historical
chronology? Instr Sci 2008; 36:155–173.
20
Barak A, Sadovsky Y. Internet use and personal empowerment of hearingimpaired adolescents. Comput Hum
Behav 2008; 24:1802–1815.
A study that found that hearing-impaired youth used the Internet more intensely and for longer periods of time
than hearing youth. Deaf youth who used it for longer periods felt less lonely and had higher self-esteem than
deaf youth who had lower Internet use.
21
Schmitt KL, Dayanim S, Matthias S. Personal homepage construction as an expression of social development.
Dev Psychol 2008; 44:496–506.

5
Objectives of the study
The Internet represents both risks and opportunities for young people. The Internet has
become all pervasive in the lives of young people and this paper will review studies that
examine the extent of awareness that exists amongst students of Government Law College.
The reason of the sample audience is to test the hypothesis whether law students would
display a higher degree of cyber crime awareness. The findings of this study could be useful
for the college management to understand the mentality of the students while setting up
policies and regulations to effectively reduce the instances cyber crime in the student
community.

Methodology

Participants
The 2014 Cyber Crime Awareness Survey was completed by 89 respondents from 10 classes.
The sample was obtained by random selection. Incentives were not offered to the respondents
and immense difficulties were encountered in trying to convince potential respondents to take
the survey and the topic appeared to lend cold feet to the respondents. Approximately 115
questionnaires were handed out, of which 89 were usable in full, yielding a 77% response
rate.

Design of Survey Instrument

The choices to various questions were designed in such a manner so as to cover the widest
possible responses and ensure complete data capture. The questionnaire was designed in such
a manner that the respondents could complete the questionnaire for a time pressed respondent
in an average minimum time of 4 minutes. Efforts were taken to limit the number of questions
in the questionnaire and the resulting number of questions was 16. There were a total of 16
questions in the survey, of which 3 questions were used to obtain socio-demographic
profiling, three about modes, frequency of access and typical activity, one about student
involvement in Social Networking, one question each about hacking, defamation, cyber
bullying, two questions about possible piracy violations, two questions about pornography,
and a question in the form of a match the following consisting of 5 questions to observe the
awareness of various types of cyber crimes. All the questions were multiple-choice questions.
The questionnaire avoid open responses.

6
Data Analysis
The questionnaires that were returned by the respondents were screened for discrepancies and
the data from complete questionnaires was entered into a database. Utmost care was taken to
avoid data entry errors.

Data extracted from the survey responses was entered into SPSS 17.0 software for statistical
analysis. This also included clustering data into relevant groupings, identifying relations
between variables, noting patterns and significance at which they occur.

Limitations of the study

A limitation of this survey is that the researchers do not really know if the respondents are
completely honest in their answers. There is also no gender differentiation in this survey. This
survey is a convenience survey. It is possible that the responses are not representative of
larger population of students, although the study does have value as it provides insights into
how aware students of Government Law College, Trivandrum are of cyber crimes. Another
limitation is the non random sample techniques used in the selection of the respondents.
Future research should use a simple random sampling technique; this will provide room for
inferences and generalizations.

7
Findings And Analyses

Age
The age of the respondents were primarily
between 18 and 23 which accounted for
74% of the sample.

Family Income

The Family Income of the respondents was

distorted as almost 30% of the respondents
chose not to reveal their family incomes.
Amongst those who chose to reveal it, 40%
of the samples fell under the less than a
Lakh and one Lakh to 5 Lakh category.
20% of the sample which revealed family
Year of Study and Course incomes had incomes above 5 lakhs.
The sample contained responses from all
categories of classes. No class was left out
although the respondents were overweight
in the V – 5 Year, I – 5 year and III – 3
year classes which constituted for 70% of
the sample.

Frequency of Access
Around 53 percent of the sample accessed
the internet at least once a day highlighting
the affinity of the sample towards the

8
internet.

Examining a stack area graph shows that Presence in Social Networking Sites
this distribution was true by age as well. Around 11 percent of the sample was not
active on the most notorious sites such as
Facebook, Orkut, Google plus and
LinkedIn. Facebook and Google plus was
the most used sites at 40% and 32%
respectively.

Mode of Access
The mode of access is predominantly
mobile and by other means which account
for 77 percentage of the sample. Access in
college is the lowest with 5 percent and
access at commercial internet centre is
seen to be higher at 7 percent.

9
Typical Activity
The most common activity pursued online
according to this survey is for Academic
purposes which has been given by 33% of
the sample. The other common activities
are reading news and other information
and chatting.
Pornography
In response to the question whether the
respondents watched pornography on the
internet, 20% of the sample admitted to
watching porn.
10
When comparing this feature with the age
of the respondents it shows that the
incidence of watching porn increases with
respondents above 23 years of age having
the highest percentile of the respective
groups
Illegality of Pornography
Less than half of the respondents thought
that pornography was illegal in India. 28%
of the respondents were unsure while 26%
of the respondents felt that pornography
was legal in India.
Another Interesting observation was that Similarly, While around 38% of the
10% of the respondents watched respondents do not download videos, 38%
pornography although they thought it was of the respondents were most likely to be
illegal, while around 6% of the respondents flouting the norms of copyright protection.
watched pornography although they were Around 11% of the respondents admit to
unsure if it were legal. downloading videos of other people’s

Descriptive Statistics activities.

N

Watched Pornography and

Replied Pornography was 8
Illegal

Watched Pornography and

was unsure if Pornography 5
was Illegal

Videos – Upload and Download

In order to check for the probable
occurrence of violation of copyrights, the
respondents were asked about their typical
activities with videos. While around 45%
Hacking
of the respondents do not upload videos,
In response to the question if the
10% of the respondents were most likely to
respondent had ever opened a
be flouting the norms of copyright
friend’s/known person’s email account
protection. Around 10% of the respondents
without their permission, 7% replied in the
admit to uploading videos of other
affirmative
people’s activities.

11
Defamation Theoretical Awareness of Common
In response to the question if the Cyber Crimes
respondent had ever published any The respondents were presented with a
defamatory message online, 10% replied in match the following question wherein they
the affirmative were requiredto map the given definitions
of Identity Theft, Malware, Cyber
Stalking, Spam and Password Sniffing
with the defining word. 45% of the
respondents got all the answers correct
while 20% of the petitioners got all the
answers wrong.

57% of the respondents could identify the

meaning of cyber stalking correctly.

Cyber bullying
In response to the question if the
respondent had ever bullied another person
online, 12% replied in the affirmative

12
Around 61% of the respondents could Around 64% of the respondents could
identify the meaning of malware correctly.
identify the meaning of password sniffing
correctly.

Around 58% of the respondents could

identify the meaning of spam correctly.

Around 60% of the respondents could

identify the meaning of Identity Theft
correctly.

13
Conclusion
The overall findings indicates satisfactory awareness among all the students. Results revealed
the importance of awareness as a tool to decrease/ prevent cyber crime. Therefore it is
concluded that the hypothesis has not been proved to be coherent, i.e., law students are not
exceedingly aware of cyber crimes than students of other faculties. It also shows that there is a
trend of students who watch pornography despite being aware that it is illegal. Better
awareness of consequences will help these students become better netizens.

14
Frequency
Tables

15
 Age

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid <18 2 2.2 2.2 2.2

18-20 28 31.5 31.5 33.7

21-23 38 42.7 42.7 76.4

24-26 10 11.2 11.2 87.6

>26 11 12.4 12.4 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Year

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid I - 5 Year 23 25.8 25.8 25.8

II - 5 Year 4 4.5 4.5 30.3

III - 5 Year 5 5.6 5.6 36.0

IV - 5 Year 3 3.4 3.4 39.3

V - 5 Year 26 29.2 29.2 68.5

I - 3 Year 7 7.9 7.9 76.4

II - 3 Year 1 1.1 1.1 77.5

III - Year 14 15.7 15.7 93.3

I - LLM 2 2.2 2.2 95.5

II - LLM 4 4.5 4.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

16
 Income

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid < 1,00,000 26 29.2 29.2 29.2

1,00,000-5,00,000 26 29.2 29.2 58.4

>5,00,000 11 12.4 12.4 70.8

Do not want to tell 26 29.2 29.2 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Frequency

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Once in a day 47 52.8 52.8 52.8

Once in a week 10 11.2 11.2 64.0

Once in ten days 11 12.4 12.4 76.4

I rarely use the internet 21 23.6 23.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

AccessCollege

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 69 77.5 77.5 77.5

In the college 20 22.5 22.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

17
 AccessInternetCentre

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 75 84.3 84.3 84.3

Internet Centre 14 15.7 15.7 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

AccessMobile

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 34 38.2 38.2 38.2

Mobile Phone 55 61.8 61.8 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

AccessFriendsHouse

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 79 88.8 88.8 88.8

Friend’s house 10 11.2 11.2 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

18
 AccessOther

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 61 68.5 68.5 68.5

Others 28 31.5 31.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Facebook

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

0 14 15.7 15.7 15.7

Valid
Facebook 75 84.3 84.3 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

GooglePlus

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 43 48.3 48.3 48.3

Google+ 46 51.7 51.7 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

19
 Orkut

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 84 94.4 94.4 94.4

Orkut 5 5.6 5.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

LinkedIn

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 82 92.1 92.1 92.1

LinkedIn 7 7.9 7.9 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

SocialNone

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 84 94.4 94.4 94.4

None of the Above 5 5.6 5.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

20
 Mails

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 37 41.6 41.6 41.6

Checking mails 52 58.4 58.4 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Banking

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 75 84.3 84.3 84.3

online banking 14 15.7 15.7 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Chatting

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 36 40.4 40.4 40.4

chatting 53 59.6 59.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

21
 Academic

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 20 22.5 22.5 22.5

Assignments, Projects and

69 77.5 77.5 100.0
reading

Total 89 100.0 100.0

NewsUpdates

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 49 55.1 55.1 55.1

News Updates 40 44.9 44.9 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

ActivityShopping

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 69 77.5 77.5 77.5

Online Shopping 20 22.5 22.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

22
 Pornography

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Yes 18 20.2 20.2 20.2

No 67 75.3 75.3 95.5

Will not say 4 4.5 4.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

PornographyLegalorNot

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Yes 41 46.1 46.1 46.1

No 23 25.8 25.8 71.9

I dont know 25 28.1 28.1 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

DoNotUploadVideos

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 20 22.5 22.5 22.5

Don’t upload videos 69 77.5 77.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

23
 UploadAllvideos

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 81 91.0 91.0 91.0

Upload anything and

everything including film 8 9.0 9.0 100.0
clippings songs,etc

Total 89 100.0 100.0

UploadPersonalVideos

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 78 87.6 87.6 87.6

Upload special occasions

like birthdays, marriages,
11 12.4 12.4 100.0
college picnics, college day
functions etc

Total 89 100.0 100.0

OtherPeoplesActivities

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 85 95.5 95.5 95.5

Upload other people's

4 4.5 4.5 100.0
activities

Total 89 100.0 100.0

24
 UploadDoNotWantToTell

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 85 95.5 95.5 95.5

Don’t want to tell 4 4.5 4.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

DoNotDownLoadVideos

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 36 40.4 40.4 40.4

Don’t upload videos 53 59.6 59.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

DownloadAllVideos

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 62 69.7 69.7 69.7

Don’t upload videos 2 2.2 2.2 71.9

Upload anything and

everything including film 25 28.1 28.1 100.0
clippings songs,etc

Total 89 100.0 100.0

25
 DownloadOtherpeoplesActivities

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 84 94.4 94.4 94.4

Upload special occasions

like birthdays, marriages,
5 5.6 5.6 100.0
college picnics, college day
functions etc

Total 89 100.0 100.0

DownloadDoNotWantToTell

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid 0 84 94.4 94.4 94.4

Don’t want to tell 5 5.6 5.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Hacking

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Yes 6 6.7 6.7 6.7

No 80 89.9 89.9 96.6

Dont Want to say 3 3.4 3.4 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

26
 Defamation

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Yes 9 10.1 10.1 10.1

No 77 86.5 86.5 96.6

Dont Want to say 3 3.4 3.4 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

CyberBullying

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Yes 11 12.4 12.4 12.4

No 74 83.1 83.1 95.5

Dont Want to say 4 4.5 4.5 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

CyberStalking

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Wrong Answer 38 42.7 42.7 42.7

Cyber Stalking 51 57.3 57.3 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

27
 PasswordSniffing

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Wrong Answer 35 39.3 39.3 39.3

Password Sniffing 54 60.7 60.7 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

IDTheft

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Wrong Answer 36 40.4 40.4 40.4

Identity Theft 53 59.6 59.6 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

Malware

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Wrong Answer 32 36.0 36.0 36.0

Malware 57 64.0 64.0 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

28
 Spam

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent

Valid Wrong Answer 37 41.6 41.6 41.6

Spam 52 58.4 58.4 100.0

Total 89 100.0 100.0

29