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Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

1984 – 2017 [with aops links]

1984 BMO Problem 2 (ROM)

Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral and let HA, HB, HC, HD be the orthocenters of the triangles
BCD, CDA, DAB and ABC respectively. Show that the quadrilaterals ABCD and HAHBHCHD
are congruent.

1985 BMO Problem 1 (BUL)

Let O be the circumcircle of a triangle ABC, D be the midpoint of AB, and E be the centroid of
triangle ACD. Prove that CD  OE if and only if AB = AC.
by Ivan Tonov

1985 BMO Shortlist 1 (GRE)

Let e1, e2 be two lines perpendicular to the same plane. Find the locus of the points of the space
, that we can draw 3 lines, perpendicular in pairs, who intersect e1 or e2 .

by Theodoros Bolis

1985 BMO Shortlist 2 (GRE)

Let ABC be a triangle with <A=120o. Let AD, CE be the angle bisectors of angles A,C
respectively and I be the intersection point of ΒΙ, DE. If Z is the intersection point of BI and
DE, calculate angle <DAZ .
by Dimitris Kontogiannis

1986 BMO Problem 1 (GRE)

A line through the incenter I of a triangle ABC intersects its circumcircle at F and G, and its
incircle at D and E, where D is between I and F. Prove that DF・EG ≥ r2 , where r is the
inradius. When does equality occur?
by Dimitris Kontogiannis

1986 BMO Problem 2 (BUL)

Let E,F,G,H,K,L respectively be points on the edges AB,BC,CA,DA, DB,DC of a tetrahedron


ABCD. If   F  CF  CG  G  DH    D   DL  CL , prove that the points
E,F,G,H,K,L lie on a sphere.

1986 BMO Problem 4 (ROM)

A triangle ABC and a point T are given in the plane so that the triangles TAB, TBC, TCA have
the same area and perimeter. Prove that:
(a) If T is inside △ABC, then △ABC is equilateral.
(b) If T is not inside △ABC, then △ABC is right-angled.

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

1987 BMO Problem 4 (BUL)

Circles Κ1 (O1 ,1) and Κ2 (O2 , 2 ) with O1O2 = 2 intersect at A and B. Find the length of the
chord AC of circle Κ2 whose midpoint lies on Κ1.

1988 BMO Problem 1 (BUL)

Let CH,CL,CM be the altitude, angle bisector, and median of a triangle ABC, respectively,
where H,L,M are on AB. Given that the ratios of the areas of △HMC and △LMC to the area of
1 3
△ABC are equal to and 1  , respectively, determine the angles of △ABC.
4 2

1988 BMO Problem 4 (GRE)

Show that every tetrahedron A1A2A3A4 can be placed between two parallel planes which are at
1 p
the distance at most , where P  122  132  124  2 32  2 42  342
2 3

1989 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

A line l intersects the sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC at points B1 and C1, respectively, so
that the vertex A and the centroid G of △ABC lie in the same half-plane determined by l. Prove
4
that S BB1GC1  SCC1GB1  S ABC
9
by Dimitris Kontogiannis
1990 BMO Problem 3 (YUG)

The feet of the altitudes of a non-equilateral triangle ABC are A1,B1,C1. If A2,B2,C2 are the
tangency points of the incircle of the triangle A1B1C1 with its sides, prove that the Euler lines of
the triangles ABC and A2B2C2 coincide.

1991 BMO Problem 1 (GRE)

Let M be a point on the arc AB not containing C of the circumcircle of an acuteangled


triangle ABC, and let O be the circumcenter. The perpendicular from M to OA intersects AB at
K and AC at L. The perpendicular from M to OB intersects AB at N and BC at P. If KL = MN,
express <MLP in terms of the angles of △ ABC.

1991 BMO Problem 3 (BUL)

A regular hexagon of area H is inscribed in a convex polygon of area P. Prove that P ≤ 3/2 H.
When does equality occur?

1992 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

Let D,E,F be points on the sides BC,CA,AB respectively of a triangle ABC (distinct from the
2
4S DEF  EF 
vertices). If the quadrilateral AFDE is cyclic, prove that   .
S ABC  AD 

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

1993 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

Circles C1 and C2 with centers O1 and O2, respectively, are externally tangent at point G. A
circle C with center O touches C1 at A and C2 at B so that the centers O1,O2 lie inside C. The
common tangent to C1 and C2 at G intersects the circle C at K and L. If D is the midpoint of the
segment KL, show that <O1OO2 = <ADB.

1994 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

An acute angle XAY and a point P inside it are given. Construct (by a ruler and a compass) a
line that passes through P and intersects the rays AX and AY at B and C such that the area of
the triangle ABC equals AP2.

1995 BMO Problem 2 (GRE)

Circles C1 (O1, r1) and C2 (O2, r2), r2> r1, intersect at A and B so that <O1AO2 = 90ο. The line
O1O2 meets C1 at C and D, and C2 at E and F (in the order C−E−D−F). The line BE meets C1 at
r KE LN
K and AC at M, and the line BD meets C2 at L and AF at N. Prove that 2   .
r1 KM LD

1996 BMO Problem 1 (GRE)

Let O be the circumcenter and G be the centroid of a triangle ABC. If R and r are the
circumradius and inradius of the triangle, respectively, prove that OG ≤ R  R  2r 

1996 BMO Problem 3 (YUG)

In a convex pentagon ABCDE, M,N,P,Q,R are the midpoints of the sides AB, BC, CD, DE, EA,
respectively. If the segments AP, BQ, CR, DM pass through a single point, prove that EN
contains that point as well.

1997 BMO Problem 1 (YUG)

Suppose that O is a point inside a convex quadrilateral ABCD such that OA2+OB2+OC2+OD2 =
2SABCD , where SABCD denotes the area of ABCD. Prove that ABCD is a square and O its center.

1997 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

Circles C1 and C2 touch each other externally at D, and touch a circle G internally at B and C,
respectively. Let A be an intersection point of G and the common tangent to C1 and C2 at D.
Lines AB and AC meet C1 and C2 again at K and L, respectively, and the line BC meets C1
again at M and C2 again at N. Show that the lines AD, KM, LN are concurrent.

1998 BMO Problem 3 (YUG)

Let L denote the set of points inside or on the border of a triangle ABC, without a fixed point T
inside the triangle. Show that L can be partitioned into disjoint closed segments.

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

1999 BMO Problem 1 (TUR)

Let D be the midpoint of the shorter arc BC of the circumcircle of an acuteangled triangle ABC.
The points symmetric to D with respect to BC and the circumcenter are denoted by E and F,
respectively. Let K be the midpoint of EA.
(a) Prove that the circle passing through the midpoints of the sides of △ABC also passes
through K.
(b) The line through K and the midpoint of BC is perpendicular to AF.

1999 BMO Problem 3 (ALB)

Let M,N,P be the orthogonal projections of the centroid G of an acute-angled triangle ABC onto
4 S MNP 1
AB,BC,CA, respectively. Prove that  
27 S ABC 4

2000 BMO Problem 2 (FYROM)

Let ABC be a scalene triangle and E be a point on the median AD. Point F is the orthogonal
projection of E onto BC. Let M be a point on the segment EF, and N,P be the orthogonal
projections of M onto AC and AB respectively. Prove that the bisectors of the angles PMN and
PEN are parallel.

2001 BMO Problem 2 (MOL)

Prove that a convex pentagon that satisfies the following two conditions must be regular:
(i) All its interior angles are equal.
(ii) The lengths of all its sides are rational numbers.

2002 BMO Problem 3 (ROM)

Two circles with different radii intersect at A and B. Their common tangents MN and ST touch
the first circle at M and S and the second circle at N and T. Show that the orthocenters of
triangles AMN, AST, BMN, and BST are the vertices of a rectangle.

2003 BMO Problem 2 (ROM)

Let ABC be a triangle with AB ≠ AC. The tangent at A to the circumcircle of the triangle ABC
meets the line BC at D. Let E and F be the points on the perpendicular bisectors of the segments
AB and AC respectively, such that BE and CF are both perpendicular to BC. Prove that the
points D,E, and F are collinear.
by Valentin Vornicu

2004 BMO Problem 3 (ROM)

Let O be an interior point of an acute-angled triangle ABC. The circles centered at the
midpoints of the sides of the triangle ABC and passing through point O, meet in points K,L,M
different from O. Prove that O is the incenter of the triangle KLM if and only if O is the
circumcenter of the triangle ABC.

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

2005 BMO Problem 1 (BUL)

The incircle of an acute-angled triangle ABC touches AB at D and AC at E. Let the bisectors of
the angles <ACB and <ABC intersect the line DE at X and Y respectively, and let Z be the
midpoint of BC. Prove that the triangle XYZ is equilateral if and only if <A = 60o.

2006 BMO Problem 2 (GRE)

A line m intersects the sides AB, AC and the extension of BC beyond C of the triangle ABC at
points D,F,E, respectively. The lines through points A,B,C which are parallel to m meet the
circumcircle of triangle ABC again at points A1,B1,C1, respectively. Show that the lines A1E,
B1F, C1D are concurrent.

by Dimitris Kontogiannis
2007 BMO Problem 1 (ALB)

In a convex quadrilateral ABCD with AB = BC =CD, the diagonals AC and BD are of different
length and intersect at point E. Prove that AE = DE if and only if <BAD + <ADC = 120 o.

2008 BMO Problem 1 (CYP)

An acute-angled scalene triangle ABC with AB > BC is given. Let O be its circumcenter, H its
orthocenter, and F the foot of the altitude from C. Let P be the point (other than A) on the line
AB such that AF = PF, and M be a point on AC. We denote the intersection of PH and BC by
X, the intersection of OM and FX by Y, and the intersection of OF and AC by Z. Prove that the
points F, M, Y, and Z are concyclic.
by Theoklitos Paragyiou

2009 BMO Problem 1 (MOL)

Let MN be a line parallel to the side BC of triangle ABC, with M on the side AB and N on the
side AC. The lines BN and CM meet at point P. The circumcircles of triangles BMP and CNP
meet at two distinct points P and Q. Prove that <BAQ= <CAP.

by Liubomir Chiriac

2010 BMO Problem 2 (KSA)

Let ABC be an acute triangle with orthocentre H, and let M be the midpoint of AC. The point
C1 on AB is such that CC1 is an altitude of the triangle ABC. Let H1 be the reection of H in AB.
The orthogonal projections of C1 onto the lines AH1, AC and BC are P, Q and R, respectively.
Let M1 be the point such that the circumcentre of triangle PQR is the midpoint of the segment
MM1. Prove that M1 lies on the segment BH1.

2011 BMO Problem 1 (GBR)

Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral which is not a trapezoid and whose diagonals meet at E.
The midpoints of AB and CD are F and G respectively, and l is the line through G parallel to
AB. The feet of the perpendiculars from E onto the lines l and CD are H and K, respectively.
Prove that the lines EF and HK are perpendicular.

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

2011 BMO Problem 4 (BUL)

Let ABCDEF be a convex hexagon of area 1, whose opposite sides are parallel. The lines AB,
CD and EF meet in pairs to determine the vertices of a triangle. Similarly, the lines BC, DE and
FA meet in pairs to determine the vertices of another triangle. Show that the area of at least one
of these two triangles is at least 3 / 2.

2012 BMO Problem 1 (ROM)

Let A, B and C be points lying on a circle Γ with centre O. Assume that <ABC > 90o. Let D be
the point of intersection of the line AB with the line perpendicular to AC at C. Let l be the line
through D which is perpendicular to AO. Let E be the point of intersection of l with the line
AC, and let F be the point of intersection of Γ with l that lies between D and E. Prove that the
circumcircles of triangles BFE and CFD are tangent at F.

2013 BMO Problem 1 (BUL)

In a triangle ABC, the excircle ωa opposite A touches AB at P and AC at Q, and the excircle ωb
opposite B touches BA at M and BC at N. Let K be the projection of C onto MN, and let L be
the projection of C onto PQ. Show that the quadrilateral MKLP is cyclic.

2014 BMO Problem 3 (GRE)

Let ABCD be a trapezium inscribed in a circle Γ with diameter AB. Let E be the intersection
point of the diagonals AC and BD . The circle with center B and radius BE meets Γ at the points
K and L (where K is on the same side of AB as C). The line perpendicular to BD at E intersects
CD at M. Prove that KM is perpendicular to DL.

by Silouanos Brazitikos

2015 BMO Problem 2 (CYP)

Let ABC be a scalene triangle with incentre I and circumcircle (ω).The lines AI,BI,CI intersect
(ω) for the second time at the points D,E, F, respectively. The lines through I parallel to the
sides BC,AC,AB intersect the lines EF,DF,DE at the points K, L,M, respectively. Prove that
the points K, L,M are collinear.

by Theoklitos Paragyiou

2016 BMO Problem 2 (GRE)

Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral with AB < CD. The diagonals intersect at the point F and
lines AD and BC intersect at the point E. Let K and L be the orthogonal projections of F onto
lines AD and BC respectively, and let M, S and T be the midpoints of EF, CF and DF
respectively. Prove that the second intersection point of the circumcircles of triangles MKT and
MLS lies on the segment CD.

by Silouanos Brazitikos

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/
Geometry Problems from Balkan MOs

2017 BMO Problem 2 (GRE)

Consider an acute-angled triangle ABC with AB<AC and let ω be its circumscribed circle. Let
tB and tC be the tangents to the circle ω at points B and C, respectively, and let L be their
intersection. The straight line passing through the point B and parallel to AC intersects t C in
point D. The straight line passing through the point C and parallel to AB intersects t B in point E.
The circumcircle of the triangle BDC intersects AC in T, where T is located between A and C.
The circumcircle of the triangle BEC intersects the line AB (or its extension) in S, where B is
located between S and A. Prove that ST, AL, and BC are concurrent.

by Evangelos Psychas and Silouanos Brazitikos

Geometry Problems from IMOs blogspot page: http://imogeometry.blogspot.gr/


Romantics of Geometry facebook group: https://web.facebook.com/groups/parmenides52/

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