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Sejumlah besar penelitian observasional dan intervensi mendukung peran olah raga sebagai landasan
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metabolik. Aktivitas fisik dan kebugaran kardiorespirasi juga terkait dengan penurunan tingkat kematian
di antara orang-orang dengan CVD, T2D, dan sindrom metabolik. Olahraga memiliki efek akut yang pasti
pada sejumlah penanda risiko untuk CVD dan T2D, selain manfaat yang lebih besar dengan pelatihan
kronis. Latihan aerobik dan ketahanan memiliki nilai terapeutik, sebagian besar terlepas dari penurunan
berat badan, dan harus disertakan dalam program cukai.

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