EDITOR'S FOREWORD ON THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SERIES The Bibliographical Series

of the Center for Japanese Studies has for its main purpose the listing and evaluating of the
major Japanese works pertaining to the humanities and social sciences, particularly as they deal
with Japan and the areas immediately adjacent to Japan. It is assumed that Western materials
pertaining to Japan are adequately covered in the bibliographies of Pages, von Wenckstern,
Nachod, Praesent-Haenisch, Pritchard, Gaskill, the annual bibliographies of the Association for
Asian Studies (formerly the Far Eastern Association), etc., and that Western specialists in the
several fields will know how to get at the Western materials in their respective fields. The
bibliographies in the present series are intended to serve as an introduction to the native
research materials in the several disciplines and hence as an aid to research for teachers and
students. In each case an attempt has been made to describe or to evaluate each work that is
listed, or at least to justify the inclusion of each item. Scholars and librarians will perhaps find
that the several bibliographies in this series will serve as useful guides to buying programs
which they may wish to initiate. The bibliographies are selective. Each item listed is believed to
be of some value or interest to the scholarly user. In those cases in which it has been impossible
to examine a book or article of known value, it still is included. A book or article is thus
included if it is written by a competent scholar, if it is included in a bibliography which is itself
competently compiled, if it appears to treat its subject matter in detail and with an approach to
completeness, if it is frequently quoted, if it is well reviewed, or if it is referred to as being
authoritative. Wherever possible, notes as to why an item seems to be of value have been given.
The scope of each bibliography is defined by the compiler or compilers in their introductions,
but in general each of the bibliographies lists (a) important source materials, and (b) secondary
sources dating from a fixed date in the recent past, as, for instance, the Meiji Restoration, 1900,
1910, etc. Although the materials in most cases deal with the Japanese islands, each compiler
has set the limits of the geographical area which his materials cover. In certain cases expansion
into areas that lie outside Japan appears to be justified by the fact that Japanese research has
been the dominant research for these areas. Hence one or more of the bibliographies will cover
Japanese materials on Formosa, Korea, Manchuria, and the Mandated Islands. The format is
uniform within each volume. In general the name of each author or compiler is given both in
romanization and characters. The surnames are given first and the given names next, as the
practice is in Japan. The names of corporate authors, such as government offices, are given in
romanization and characters; they are then translated. The title of each book or article is given
in romanization and characters; it is then translated. The place of publication and the name of
the publisher are given in romanization alone, but a separate listing within each bibliography
gathers together the names of the publishers, with the characters used in writing their names.
This listing is found as an appendix in each volume. 1. Long a, o, and u are indicated by
macrons over the vowels. 2. Only the first letters of initial words and proper nouns are
capitalized. 3. In the bibliographical data, the compilers have given both the edition and the
printing of the work cited. Significant textual variations sometimes occur between different
printings of the same edition of a given work. 4. When dealing with an item composed of one
volume, complete pagination is generally given for that volume, including all separately paged
sections. If any title is in more than one volume, only the total number of volumes is given,
without paging. 5. In the event that the item cited happens to be part of a series or collection,
the compilers have given in brackets introduced by an equals sign the title, characters, and
translated title of that series or collection and the number of the volume concerned. 6. Works
such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, yearbooks, series, and collections are cited by title; the
name of the editor or compiler, in romanization and characters, is usually given after the title. 7.
In the case of articles found in journals, quotation marks surround the Japanese title, characters,
and translated title. 8. Abbreviations are explained in lists, if necessary. 9. If any volume of a
journal is continuously paged, number and month may be omitted. If it has both continuous
volume pagination and separate pagination for each issue, only the volume, year, and the
continuous volume pagination may be given. If more than one volume appears in any single
year, and each is separately and continuously paged, the procedure has been to give the volume,
inclusive months of the issues in the volume, year, and continuous volume pagination (the last
where easilyascertainable). 10. If an article comprises a chapter or a section of a book which is
a compilation of articles by a number of authors, this fact is shown by inserting the word "in"
between the title of the article and the compilation in which it is found. Following the "in, " a
complete citation of the book in question is given. 11. All descriptions, evaluations, criticisms,
and comments pertaining to a volume or article follow the citations in separate, indented
paragraphs. 12. A list of the standard professional journals is given whenever found to be
convenient. v

Page VIThese remarks revise in a few particulars the Editor's Foreword appearing in
numbers 1-6 of the present Bibliographical Series. When the Series was begun in
1950, it was hoped to indicate for each of the items listed in each bibliography, the
American libraries which own it. However, Far Eastern libraries in the United States
have recently made such substantial additions to their Japanese collections that it is no
longer possible or necessary to show the location of each item. The key libraries today
possess union catalogues that indicate where particular volumes may be found. Joseph
K. Yamagiwa vi

Author's Introduction

pp. vii

Page VIIAUTHOR'S INTRODUCTION The following guide is limited to Japanese

books dealing with the doctrines and histories of the religions and philosophies of
Japan: there are no scholarly journals and no works dealing, for example, with purely
literary or artistic manifestations of the various religions and philosophies that Japan
 has produced or nurtured. Within these limitations an attempt has been made to
include all important books in Japanese on Japanese religion and philosophy
published since the Meiji era. These limitations have been imposed for two reasons. In
the first place, it was discovered, after an exhaustive list had been made, that almost
all the important Japanese scholarly journals dealing with Japanese religion and
philosophy had been included in Professor J. W. Hall's Japanese History: A Guide to
Japanese Research and Reference Materials (Ann Arbor, 1954), the fourth volume of
the Center for Japanese Studies' Bibliographical Series (entries 619-629). There are
literally hundreds of other periodicals dealing with one aspect or another of Japanese
religion (mainly the publications of individual sects), but their scholarly value is so
slight, they are so difficult to procure, and their interest is so limited that it has been
decided (perhaps unwisely) not to include any periodicals at all in the present guide.
In the second place, works dealing with purely literary or artistic facets of religion and
philosophy have been eschewed because their inclusion would have demanded the
examination of a mass of material related to but not germane to the more immediate
purposes for which this guide was projected. In addition, it is necessary to state that
the books appearing in this guide have been carefully restricted to Japanese aspects of
the various religions and philosophies treated. In spite of the fact that Japanese
Buddhism should be studied against the background of Indian and especially Chinese
Buddhism, and Japanese Confucianism against the background of Chinese
Confucianism, no works dealing exclusively with any except Japanese Buddhism or
Japanese Confucianism have been included. The only exception to this rule are the
Japanese editions of the "canonical works" of these two fields: of the Tripitaka and of
the Confucian canon. If even only the best of the very large body of Japanese works
dealing with Chinese and Indian philosophies and religions had been included, the
guide would have been almost doubled in size. Japanese religion and philosophy,
aside from these limitations, has been construed toinclude all works concerning
religious, ethical, moral, and, to some extent, even political and educational thinkers
and movements. The entire history of Japan has been covered and an attempt has been
made to include all of the noteworthy books on a given subject even if they are out of
proportion with the subject's historical importance. The form followed is close to the
above mentioned guide by Professor Hall. The remark, "Cf. Hall," followed by a
number, refers to the entry in his guide. In general the remarks made here complement
rather than repeat those made by Professor Hall. I should never have been able to
achieve my work if it had not been for the very important aid given me from the very
beginning to the very end by my Japanese friends. Mr. Motoyama Yukihiko of the
Japanese section of the Institute for Research in the Humanistic Sciences (Jimbun
Kagaku Kenkyusho) of Kyoto is my most important creditor, for almost all the books,
exclusive of those dealing with Buddhism, were chosen with his help. Rev. Fujiyoshi
Jikai of the Main section of the Institute and a nun from Otani University helped me
with the part devoted to Buddhism. In the early stages of our work Mr. Amagasaki
 Tokuichi scoured the libraries of Kyoto, from Otani in the north to Ryukoku in the
south, and the Shuppan nenkan (Publishers' annual), for pertinent books. In Tokyo,
Mr. Kanai Madoka and one of his colleagues from the Tokyo University
Historiographical Institute very kindly examined my entire manuscript. In Ann Arbor
Mrs. Sonoe Richards gave unstintingly of her time and energy to help me correct
errors and assemble the index. In Paris, M. Bernard Frank very kindly showed me his
rich Japanological library together with an important selection of new books he had
just brought back from Japan. I thank also the Ford Foundation which enabled me to
go to Japan with a grant for 1954-1956 and the directors of the Center for Japanese
Studies, Professor R. B. Hall and Professor J. W. Hall, both of whom gave immediate,
sympathetic, and generous financial assistance for the project. I thank finally the
editor of the Series, Professor Joseph K. Yamagiwa, who has very kindly undertaken
the arduous task of seeing the manuscript through the press. A bibliography of this
kind is almost necessarily out of date before it appears. My only hope is that Japanese
Religion and Philosophy will be a useful guide for the present and a helpful basis for
the future author of a work designed to take its place. D. H.