ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29
INTRODUCTION TABLE 1
Pre engineering buildings are generally used for the Structure Configuration Details
Industries airports, Hanger building, power plants what not,
almost all the sectors where the conventional steel structures Location : Ahmedabad, India.
are used to be there the half portions of such buildings are Length : 173 m
replaced by these PEB’s. These PEB buildings can be Width : 67 m
constructed with all the requirement like cranes different Eave height : 6m (clear)
level floors and can be constructed up to higher heights. Bay spacing : 19 @ 8.0m C/C + 2 @
There are quite pretty uses with these structures we can go 10.5m C/C
up to higher clear spans horizontally and vertically. It is easy End Wall column : 2 @ 7.0m C/C + 1 @
in point of manufacturing and erection. As the entire spacing 9.5m C/C + 7 @ 6.5m
sections are built up sections the required thick plates as per C/C
design will be cut and welded to the design sectional Seismic zone : III
dimensions there will a max of 12m length pieces because Wind speed : 39 m/sec
of transportation restraint. These pieces will be brought to Wind terrain : 2
the site and connected with nut and bolt mechanism. Thus category
even the manufacturing process is easy when compared to Wind Class : C
regular conventional structures as in those buildings entire Life Span : 50 years
manufacturing i.e. welding process goes on site as it is so Slope of roof : 1:10
time taking and hazardous. Soil type : Medium
Importance factor : 1
I. Structure Configuration Response reduction : 5
factor
The structure which I considered now is a textile plant Purlin spacing : 1500 mm
located in Ahmedabad having its dimensions as 173m length Girt spacing : 1800 mm
and 67m width having a clear height of 6m with 2 no. of
internal column which is at a distance of 1 @ 14m C/C + 1
@ 29m C/C + 1 @ 26m C/C. As the building in Ahmedabad TABLE 2
is falls under seismic zone-III with a wind speed of 39m/s Calculation of Dead Load
i.e. 140Kmph. As the structure is having some irregular
intermediate column spacing the structure won’t be Sheeting unit : 4.44kg/m2(0.5mm Total Coat
symmetric to its ridge. The details of parameters are weight Thick(TCT) galvanized sheet)
provided in table 1 : 4.71 kg/m(spacing of purlin =
1.5m)
Purlin wt.
: 4.71/1.5
II. Dead Load Calculation : 3.14 kg/m2
Dear load consists of self-weight of the frame weight of : 1.2 kg/m
sheeting, weight of purlins, Sag angles and additional Sag rods wt.
components like insula : 1.2/1.5 :0.8 kg/m2
tion, Roof liners etc. if present Dead load considerations Insulation
: 1.6 kg/m2
are as per the IS:875 part 1. The loading calculation is as per material wt.
the table 2 : 4.44 + 3.14 + 0.8 + 1.6
Dead load
: 10kg/m2 : 0.1 KN/m2
TABLE 3
Calculation of Wind Load
Wind speed
: 39 m/sec
(Vb)
Risk coefficient
:1
(K1)
Probability factor (K2) : 0.93
Topography factor
: 1.0
(K3)
: K1*K2*K3*Vb
Design wind speed
: 1*0.93*1*39
(VZ)
: 36.27 m/sec
:0.6*(Vz)2
Design wind pressure : 0.6*36.272
(PZ) : 789.3 N/m2 Fig. 2 Internal frame with changedwidth
: 0.789 KN/m2
TABLE 4
Load Combinations According to Different Codes VIII. Design Specifications
IS 800-2007
Serviceability Combinations: These design specifications includes the limiting ratios of
(DL+LL) the sections i.e. like web depth/ web thickness, flange width /
(DL+WL/EL) flange thickness. The class selection will be depended upon
(DL+LL+CL) the seismic zone and building importance factor accordance to
(DL+0.8*LL+0.8*WL/EL+0.8*CL) that the class selection will be done.
Design combinations:
1.5*(DL+LL)
1.5*(DL+WL/EL)
(0.9*DL+1.5 WL/EL)
(1.5*DL+1.5*LL+1.05*CL)
(1.5*DL+1.05*LL+1.5*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+0.6*WL/EL+1.05*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.05*LL+0.6*WL/EL+1.2*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+1.2 *WL/EL+0.53*CL)
(1.2*DL+1.2*LL+1.2*WL/EL+0.53*CL)
TABLE 5
Limiting Width to Thickness Ratio According to IS 800 -2007-Table-2
Compression Ratio Class of section
Class 1 Class 2 Class 3(Semi-
(Plastic) (Compact) Compact)
Outstanding element of Rolled section b/tf 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
compression flange Welded section b/tf 8.4ε 9.4ε 13.6ε
Internal element of Compression due to bending b/tf 29.3ε 33.5ε 42ε
compression flange Axial compression b/tf Not applicable
Web of an I,H or box section Neutral axis at mid-depth d/tw 84ε 105ε 126ε
d/tw (84ε)/(1+r1) (105ε)/(1+r1) (126ε)/(1+2r2)
Generally If r1 is negative but ≤ 42ε but ≤ 42ε
If r1 is positive d/tw (105ε)/(1+1.5r1)
Axial compression but ≤ 42ε
d/tw Not applicable 42ε
Web of a channel d/tw 42ε 42ε 42ε
Angle, compression due to bending (Both criteria should be b/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
satisfied) d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
Single angle, or double angles with the components separated, b/t 15.7ε
axial compression (All three criteria should be satisfied) d/t Not applicable 15.7ε
(b+d)/t 25ε
Outstanding leg of an angle in contact back-to-back in a double d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
angle member
outstanding leg of an angle with its back in continuous contact d/t 9.4ε 10.5ε 15.7ε
with another component
Stem of a T-section, rolled or cut from a rolled I-or H- section D/tf 8.4ε 9.4ε 18.9ε
Circular hollow tube, including welded tube subjected to:
a) Moment D/t 42ε2 52ε2 146ε2
b) Axial compression D/t Not applicable 88ε2
NOTES
1. Elements which exceed semi-compact limits are to be taken as of slender cross-section.
2. ε= (250 /fy) 1/2.
3. The stress ratio r1 and r2are defined as:
r1 = (Actual average axial stress(negative if tensile)/(Design compressive stress of web alone)
r2 = (Actual average axial stress(negative if tensile)/(Design compressive stress of overall section)\
TABLE 6
Deflection Limits According to IS 800-2007
S.No Description
Vertical Lateral
Main frame L/180 H/150
1 Main frame with crane (pendent) L/180 H/200
Main frame with crane (cab operated) L/180 H/400
Crane Electric<50t L/750
2
beam Electric>50t L/1000
3 Wind column H/150
4 Mezzanine beam L/240
5 Under slung crane L/750
6 Purlin L/150
7 Girt L/150
8 Primary Minimum thickness 5mm
9 Secondary Minimum thickness 2mm
IX. Considerations
1) Wind Load application as per IS 875 (Part-3) -1987 [4] Indian Standard: 800 – 2007; General Construction in
(reaffirmed 1997), internal Pressure Coefficient is Steel — Code of Practice; 3rd S Revision, New Delhi:
considered as +/-0.2. (Since %of opening<5%). BIS.
2) External column base considered as fixed support. (Sway [5] Indian Standard: 800 – 1984; Code of Practice for
is not controlling with pinned connection).Internal column General Construction, In Steel; 1st Revision, New Delhi:
base considered as fixed support. BIS.
3) Wall cover is full height sheeted all around the building. [6] Syed Firoz (2012), “Design Concept of Pre-engineered
4) Rod bracing considered for Roof and wall for longitudinal Building”, International Journal of Engineering Research
and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 2, Issue 2, 267-272.
restrainment.
[7] C. M. Meera (2013),”Pre-Engineered Building Design of
an Industrial Warehouse”, international journal of
X. Conclusion
engineering sciences & emerging technologies, volume 5,
Following are the conclusions which are observed: issue 2, pp: 75-82.
1) The structure Designed in this has consumed a final [8] Indian Standard: 807 – 1976; Code Of Practice For
weight of 590MT Design, Manufacture, Erection And Testing (Structural
2) If the structure designed here is not a PEB if it is a Portion) Of Cranes and Hoists, 1st Revision, New Delhi:
conventional the weights would have gone higher by 30% BIS.
[9] Technical Manual, Zamil Steel, Saudi Arabia, Pre-
References Engineered Buildings Division.
[10] Design Manual, Zamin Steel, Saudi Arabia.
[1] Indian Standard: 1893 (Part1); 2002. Criteria for
[11] Technical Hand Book, Kirby Building Systems-
Earthquake Resistant Design Structures: New Delhi: BIS;
INDIA.LTD.
2002.
[12] Comparison of Design procedures for Pre Engineered
[2] IS 875: Part 1 to 3 Code Of Practice For Design Loads
Buildings (PEB): A Casy study, Authors: G Sai kiran, A
(Other Than Earthquake) For Buildings and Structures,
Kailasa Rao, R. Pradeep kumar.
1st Revision, New Delhi: BIS..
[3] Indian Standard: 801 – 1975; Code Of Practice For Use
Of Cold-Formed Light Gauge Steel Structural Member’s
In General Building Construction, 1st Revision, New
Delhi: BIS.