Indikator :
1. Menyebutkan pengertian peluang kejadian saling lepas.
2. Menenmukan konsep dua kejadian saling lepas melalui beberapa masalah nyata
3. Menentukan peluang kejadian saling lepas dari suatu peristiwa sehari-hari
Petunjuk !
KELOMPOK :
ANGGOTA : 1.
2.
3.
4.
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Perhatikan permasalahan berikut!
Masalah 1
Dua buah dadu dilemparkan secara bersamaan dalam satu kali lemparan.
Kejadian A adalah kejadian munculnya mata dadu kurang dari 3 pada dadu
pertama, kejadian B adalah kejadian munculnya mata dadu ganjil pada dadu
kedua. Tentukan :
a. Apakah menurutmu kejadian A dan kejadian B memiliki anggota yang sama?
b. Apakah kejadian tersebut merupakan kejadian saling lepas? Berikan alasanmu
c. Tentukan peluang kejadian A dan B!
Penyelesaian :
Untuk menyelesaikan soal di atas, tentukan terlebih dahulu ruang sampelnya
Ayoo temukan ruang sampel yang mungkin dari percobaan tersebut!
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 (1 , 1) … … … … …
2 … … … … (2 , 5) …
3 … … (3 , 3) … … …
4 … … … … … …
5 … (5 , 2) … … … …
6 … … … … … (6 , 6)
Ruang sampelnya:
S = {(1 , 1), ………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..}
n(S) adalah banyak anggota dari ruang sampel, maka:
n(S) =
a. Misalkan :
A adalah kejadian munculnya mata dadu kurang dari 3 pada dadu pertama,
maka:
A = {………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………}
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n(A) adalah banyak anggota dari kejadian A, maka:
n(A) = …
𝑛(… ) ...
P(A) adalah peluang kejadian A. P(A) = = =
𝑛(… ) ...
...
B = {……………………………………………………………………………}
n(B) adalah banyak anggota dari kejadian B, maka:
n(A) = …
𝑛(… ) ...
P(B) adalah peluang kejadian B.
P(B) = = =
𝑛(… ) ...
...
A B adalah kejadian munculnya mata dadu kurang dari 3 pada dadu pertama
dan angka ganjil pada dadu kedua, maka :
A B = {…………………………………………………………………………}
n(A B) = …
P(A B) adalah peluang kejadian munculnya mata dadu kurang dari 3 pada
dadu pertama dan angka ganjil pada dadu kedua
𝑛(….) …..
(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = = .
𝑛(….) …..
..
b. Kejadian saling lepas adalah kejadian yang tidak mempunyai irisan.
Jadi kejadian di atas adalah kejadian …
Karena n(A B) = ……………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
3
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
P (A B) = … + … - …
P (A B) = …
Kesimpulan :
……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………
Penyelesaian:
Ayoo temukan ruang sampel yang mungkin dari percobaan tersebut!
S = {(…….. ………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………}
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n(S) adalah banyak anggota dari ruang sampel, maka:
n(S) =
a. Misalkan :
A adalah kejadian terambil kartu bernomor genap, maka :
A = {………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………}
n(A) adalah banyak anggota dari kejadian L, maka:
n(A) = …
𝑛(… ) ...
P(A) adalah peluang kejadian L. P(A) = = =
𝑛(… ) ...
n(B) = …
𝑛(… ) ...
P(B) adalah peluang kejadian L. P(B) = = =
𝑛(… ) ...
P (A B) = … + … - …
P (A B) = …
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Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa :
KESIMPULAN:
P (A B) = (…) + (…)
P (A B) merupakan penjumlahan dari … + …
Berdasarkan rumus dari permutasi dengan unsur berbeda yang sudah diperoleh,
kerjakan latihan berikut!
Soal 1
Pada percobaan melempar sebuah dadu dan satu keping uang logam, tentukan
peluang munculnya:
a. Mata dadu < 3 atau angka
b. Mata dadu prima genap atau gambar
Penyelesaian:
Diketahui: ..................................................................................................................
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Ditanya: ...................................................................................................................
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a)…………………………………………………………………………….
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Soal 2
Sebuah kantong berisi 4 bola merah, 3 bola putih dan 3 bola hitam. Diambil
sebuah bola secara acak, peluang terambilnya bola merah atau bola hitam
yaitu?
Penyelesaian:
Diketahui: ..................................................................................................................
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Ditanya: ...................................................................................................................
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Soal 3
Penyelesaian:
Diketahui: ..................................................................................................................
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Ditanya: ...................................................................................................................
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a)…………………………………………………………………………….
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Soal 4
Lima buah dadu (enam-muka) akan dilempar satu demi satu,lalu hasil dari
kelima angka yang muncul akan dihitung. Manakah yang lebih besar
peluang terjadinya hasil kali 180 atau hasil kali 144?
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Penyelesaian:
Diketahui: ..................................................................................................................
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………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………..…………
Ditanya: ...................................................................................................................
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a)…………………………………………………………………………….
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Selamat Bekerja!!!
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