SULIT 4541/2

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATE

MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, B and C.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, B dan C.

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam
ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan

3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C.
Write your answers for Section B and Section C on the `writing paper’ provided by the
invigilators.
Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail.
You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain
your answer.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C.
Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada halaman bergaris di bahagian
akhir kertas soalan ini.
Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci.
Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang
sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda

4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira.Ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.

5. If you wish to change your answer, neatly cross out the answer that you have done.
Then write down the new answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan
itu.

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan

7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam
kurungan

8. The time suggested to answer Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes and

Section C is 30 minutes.
Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah
30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan.

10. Hand in your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan

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Section A
Bahagian A

[60 marks]
[60 markah]

Answer all questions in this section

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Diagram 1 below represents the structure of an atom P of an element.

Rajah 1 di bawah menunjukkan struktur atom P bagi satu unsur.

X X : _______________

Y Y : _______________
Z
Z
X Y Y
Z Z Z : _______________

X Diagram 1
Rajah 1

(a) (i) Referring to diagram 1, name the subatomic particles.

Write your answer in the spaces provided.
Merujuk kepada rajah 1, namakan zarah subatom.
Tuliskan jawapan dalam ruang yang disediakan.
[ 3 marks]
(ii) State two subatomic particles that have the same mass.
Nyatakan dua zarah subatom yang mempunyai jisim yang sama.

[ 1 mark]
(iii) State the proton number and nucleon number of atom P.
Nyatakan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom P.

Proton number :
Nombor proton

Nucleon number :
Nombor nukleon
[ 2 marks]
(iv) Write the standard representation of symbol for the atom of element P.
Tuliskan perwakilan piawai bagi symbol atom unsur P.

[ 1 mark]

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(b) There are two types of isotopes, the radioactive and the non-radioactive isotopes.
Terdapat dua jenis isotop, radioaktif dan bukan radioaktif.
(i) What is meant by isotop?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop

______________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark]

(ii) State one example of isotope.

Nyatakan satu contoh isotop.

[ 1 mark]
(iii) Based on your answer in (b)(ii), state one of the uses of isotope.
Berdasarkan kepada jawapan anda di(b)(ii),nyatakan satu kegunaan
isotop.

[ 1 mark]

2 Diagrams 2 shows the graph of temperature against time when solid X is heated.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa yang diperolehi apabila pepejal bahan X
dipanaskan.

Temperature/ °C
Suhu/ ° C
F

D E
259
B C
63

A
Time/ s Diagram 2
t t t t Masa/ s Rajah2
1 2 3 4

(i) State the melting and boiling points of substance X.

Nyatakan takat lebur dan takat didih bahan X.
Melting point:
Takat lebur : …………………………………………………………………..

Boiling point:
Takat didih : ……………………………………………………………………

[ 2 marks]

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(ii) Complete the Table below by stating the physical state of substance X at the
regional mentioned.
Lengkapkan Jadual di bawah dengan menyatakan keadaan fizik bahan X
pada bahagian yang dinyatakan.

Region Physical state

Bahagian Keadaan fizik
AB

DE

[ 2 marks]

(iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from t1 to t2?

Jelaskan mengapa suhu adalah tetap dari t1 kepada t2?

……………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………..

.........................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks]

b Diagram below shows diffusion occurs when the cover is removed.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan resapan berlaku bila penutup dialihkan.

Gas P

Cover Mixture of gas P and Q

Penutup Campuran gas P dan Q

Gas Q

(i) The colour of gas Q is brown while gas P is colourless. Mixture of gas P and
Q is produced when the cover is removed. State the colour of the mixture.

Warna gas Q ialah perang manakala gas P tak berwarna. Campuran gas P
dan Q dihasilkan apabila penutup dialihkan.
Nyatakan warna bagi campuran itu.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

[ 1 mark]

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(ii) Explain your answer in b(i) by using kinetic theory of matter.

Terangkan jawapan anda di b(i) dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim. KA

……………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………...

[ 2 marks]

(iii) The gas jar which contains iodine solid is immersed in hot water.
State the changes of movement of iodine particle.
Balang gas mengandungi pepejal iodin yang direndamkan dalam air panas.
Nyatakan perubahan bagi pergerakan zarah iodin.

…………………………………………………………………………….

[ 1 mark]

3 Diagram 3.1 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of copper
oxide.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi kuprum
oksida.

Copper oxide
Kuprum Burning of excess
oksida hydrogen gas
Pembakaran gas
Hydrogen gas hidrogen yang
Gas hidrogen berlebihan

Combustion tube
Anhydrous Tabung pembakaran
Heat
calcium chloride
Panaska Porcelain boat
Kalsium klorida n Bot porselin
kontang
Diagram 3.1

The results of the experiment are shown in Table 3.2.

Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 3.2.
Description Mass (g)
Huraian Jisim (g)
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain boat 52.45
Jisim tiub pembakaran + bot porselin
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain boat + copper oxide 68.46
Jisim tiub pembakaran + bot porselin + kuprum oksida
Mass of combustion tube + porcelain boat + copper 65.25
Jisim tiub pembakaran + bot porselin + kuprum
Table 3.2

[Relative atomic mass: O =16, Cu = 64]

[Jisim atom relatif: O=16, Cu = 64]

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(a) What is meant by empirical formula?

Apakah maksud formula empiric ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
(b) (i) State the name of two reactants to prepare hydrogen gas in the laboratory.
Namakan dua bahan tindak balas untuk menyediakan gas hidrogen dalam
makmal.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Suggest one way to ensure that the reaction is completed in the combustion
tube.
Cadangkan satu cara untuk memastikan tindak balas adalah lengkap dalam
tiub pembakaran.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iii) Hydrogen gas is passed through the combustion tube even after the heating of
the copper oxide powder has stopped. What is the reason for this?
Pengaliran gas hidrogen diteruskan walaupun pemanasan serbuk kuprum
oksida telah dihentikan. Apakah sebab bagi langkah ini?

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(c) Based on Table 3.2, determine

Berdasarkan Jadual 3.2 , tentukan
(i)ThThe number of mole of oxygen.
BiBilangan mol bagi oksigen.

[1 mark]

(ii) The number of mole of copper.

Bi Bilangan mol bagi kuprum.

[1 mark]
(iii) The empirical formula of copper oxide
Formula empirik bagi kuprum oksida

[1 mark]

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(d) Write an equation to show the reaction between the copper oxide and hydrogen
gas.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk menunjukkan tindak balas di antara kuprum oksida
dan gas hidrogen.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(e) (i) Is this method suitable to be used to determine the empirical formula of zinc
oxide?
Adakah kaedah ini sesuai digunakan untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi
zink oksida?

…………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(ii) Briefly explain your answer in (e)(i).
Jelaskan secara ringkas, jawapan anda di (e)(i).

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

.............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

4 Diagram below shows the bonding within a molecule of vitamin C.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan ikatan dalam satu molekul vitamin C.

(a) (i) State the molecular formula and the empirical formula of vitamin C.
Nyatakan formula molekul dan formula empirik untuk vitamin C.

Molecular formula
Formula molekul :....................................................

Empirical formula
Formula empirik :......................................................
[ 2 marks]
(ii) What is the relative molecular mass of vitamin C ?
Berapakah jisim molekul relatif untuk vitamin C ?
[ Relative atomic mass of C= 12; O=16, H=1 ]

…………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark]

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(b) A sample of gas weighs 8.0 g and has a volume of 6 dm3 at room temperature
and pressure.
Satu sample gas mempunyai jisim 8.0 g dan isipadu 6 dm3 pada suhu dan
tekanan bilik.

Calculate the number of moles of the gas.

[ 1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure ]
Hitungkan bilangan mol gas.
[ 1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3 pada suhu dan tekanan bilik.

[ 1 mark]
(c) When dry ammonia is passed over heated sodium, the solid sodamide,
NaNH2 is formed and hydrogen gas is liberated.
Apabila ammonia kering dialirkan ke atas natrium panas, pepejal
sodamida, NaNH2 terbentuk dan gas hidrogen dibebaskan.

(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between ammonia and
sodium.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas antara ammonia dengan
natrium.

………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 2 marks / 2 markah ]
(ii) Describe a test to identify the hydrogen gas produced.
Huraikan satu ujian untuk mengenal pasti gas hidrogen yang terhasil.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………

[ 2 marks/ 2 markah ]
(iii) Calculate the mass of ammonia required if 0.39 g of sodamide is produced in the
reaction.
Hitungkan jisim ammonia yang diperlukan jika 0.39 g sodamida terbentuk dalam
tindak balas itu.
[ Relative atomic mass of H=1; N= 14 and Na= 23 ]

[ 2 marks ]

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5 (a) Table 1 shows the information of atoms P, Q and R.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan maklumat bagi atom-atom P, Q dan R

Number of
Number of protons Nucleon Number
Atom neutrons
Bilangan proton Nombor Nukleon
Bilangan neutron
P 12 12 24
Q 17 35
R 20 20 40
Table 1
Jadual 1
(i) What is meant by nucleon number?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor nukleon?

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark]

(ii) State the number of neutrons for element Q .

Nyatakan bilangan neutron bagi unsur Q.

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark]
(iii) Draw and label the atomic structure of atom P.
Lukis dan labelkan struktur atom bagi atom P.

[ 2 marks]

(iv) State the number of electrons for element R.

Nyatakan bilangan elektron bagi unsur R.

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1 mark]

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(b) Table 2 shows the temperature from an experiment to determine the freezing point of
naphthalene.
Jadual 2 menunjukkan suhu daripada satu eksperimen untuk menentukan takat beku
naftalena.

Time (s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210

Temperature
95 85 82 80 80 80 80 70
(oC)
Table 2
Jadual 2

(i) On the graph paper provided, draw the graph of temperature against time for the
cooling of naphthalene.
Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, lukiskan graf suhu melawan masa bagi
penyejukan naftalena.
[ 3 marks]
(ii) Using the graph in (b), determine the freezing point of naphthalene. Show on the
graph how you determine this freezing point.
Menggunakan graf di (b), tentukan takat beku naftalena. Tunjukkan pada graf
bagaimana anda menentukan takat beku ini.
[ 1 mark]

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Graf Soalan No. 5

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6 (a) In a close container, contains 6.0 dm3 of carbon dioxide gas at room temperature.
Di dalam suatu bekas tertutup, terdapat 6.0 dm3 gas karbon dioksida, pada suhu bilik.

(i) How many molecules are there in 6.0 dm3 of carbon dioxide gas, CO2 ?
Berapakah bilangan molekul yang terdapat dalam 6.0 dm3 gas karbon dioksida ?
[Avogadro’s number = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1]
[1 mole of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature]
Use: No of mole=Number of particles
6.02 x 1023 mol-1]

[2marks]

(ii) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas in the container

[Relative molecular mass for CO2 = 44]
Use: No of mole = mass
molar mass

[1mark]

(b) Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to determine the empirical
formula of magnesium oxide.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu experiment untuk menentukan formula
empirik magnesium oksida.

Magnesium ribbon
Pita magnesium

Heat
Panaskan

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

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Table 2 shows the results of this experiment

Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini

Description Mass (g)

Penerangan Jisim (g)
Mass of crucible + lid 34.0
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium ribbon 36.4
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + pita magnesium
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide 38.0
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + magnesium oksida

(b) (i) What is the meaning of emperical formula

Apakah maksud formula empirik

…………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1mark]
(ii) Base on table 2, calculate the mass of:
Berdasarkan jadual 2, hitungkan jisim bagi

Magnesium :

Oxygen :

[2marks]

(iii) Calculate the ratio of mole of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms.

Hitung nisbah mol bagi atom magnesium kepada atom oksigen
[Relative atomic mass: O=16, Mg =24]

[1 mark]
(iv) Determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.
Hitungkan formula empirik magnesium oxida

…………..………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

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(v) Why was the crucible lid opened once in a while during the experiment?
Mengapakah penutup mangkuk pijar semasa experiment di jalanakan?

…………..………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(v) State why the empirical formula of copper oxide cannot be determine by using
the same technique.
Nyatakan mengapa formula empirik bagi kuprum oksida tidak dapat di tentukan
dengan menggunakan teknik yang sama.

…………..………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

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Section B
Bahagian B

[20 marks]
[20 markah]

Answer any one question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

7. Diagram 7.1, shows 3 state of matter that is P, Q and R.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan 3 keadaan jirim, iaitu P, Q dan R.

P Q R

Diagram 7.1
Rajah 7.1

(a) Based on Diagram 7.1, what is state of matter for P, Q and R.?
Berdasarkan rajah 7.1, apakah keadaan jirim bagi P, Q dan R?
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

(b) By using the kinetic theory of matter, explain how the following occurs.
Dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim, huraikan bagaimana perubahan di
bawah berlaku.

i. P change to Q
P berubah ke Q
ii. P change to R
P berubah ke R
iii. Q change to P
Q berubah ke P

In your explanation include the process occurs, the energy contents and the
movement of the particles.
Huraian anda mestilah meliputi proses yang terlibat, kandungan tenaga dan
pergerakan jirim.
[9 marks]
[9 markah]

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(c) Diagram shows an atom of element X.

The letter used is not the actual symbol of the element.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan satu atom bagi unsur X.

Huruf yang digunakan bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur itu.

Key / Petunjuk :

p = Proton
n = Neutron
e- = Electron / Elektron

Diagram 7.2
Rajah 7.2

i) Describe the atom shown in Diagram 7.2.

Huraikan atom yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 7.2.
[4 marks]
ii) Another atom of element X has 2 neutrons.
Satu atom lain bagi unsur X mempunyai 2 neutron.

Compare this atom with the atom in Diagram 7.2.

Bandingkan atom ini dengan atom dalam Rajah 7.2.
[4 marks]

8 Diagram 8.1 shows part of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sebahagian Jadual Berkala Unsur

1 18
2 13 14 15 16
17

A B C

D E F

G H

Diagram 8.1
Rajah8.1

A, B, C, D, E , F, G and H are not the actual symbols of the elements.

A, B, C, D, E , F, G dan H bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur.

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Based on diagram 8.1,

Berdasarkan rajah 8.1,

(a) Write the electron arrangement for atoms A, D and F.

Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom-atom A, D dan F. [3 marks]

(b) (i) State a transition element.

Nyatakan satu unsur peralihan. [1 mark]

(ii) List three special characteristics of transition elements and give an example for
each of this property.
Senaraikan tiga ciri istimewa unsur peralihan dan berikan satu contoh bagi
setiap ciri tersebut. [6
marks]

(c) Table 8.2 shows the electron arrangement of elements U, V and W.

Jadual 8.2 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi unsur U, V dan W.

Element Electron arrangement

Unsur Susunan elektron

U 2.1

V 2.7

W 2.8.7

Table / Jadual 8.2

State the group and the period of element U in the Periodic Table of Elements.
Explain your answer.
Nyatakan kumpulan dan kala bagi unsur U dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
Terangkan jawapan anda. [4 marks]

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(d) Table 8.3 shows the observation of element V and W when react with hot iron.
Jadual 8.3 menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi unsur V dan W apabila bertindak balas
dengan besi panas.

Experiment Observation
Eksperimen Pemerhatian

V + hot iron Hot iron burns brightly.

V + besi panas Besi panas terbakar dengan terang.
Hot iron burn slowly.
W + hot iron
Besi panas terbakar dengan
W + besi panas
perlahan.

Table / Jadual 8.3

(i) Write the chemical equation when element V reacts with hot iron.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas apabila unsur V bertindak
balas dengan besi panas.
[2 marks]
(ii) Compare the reactivity of element V and W.
Explain your answer.
Bandingkan kereaktifan unsur V dan W.
Terangkan jawapan anda.
[4 marks]

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Section C
Bahagian C

[20 marks]
[20 markah]

Answer any one question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

9 (a) What is meant by empirical formula?

Apakah maksud formula empirik?
[1 mark]
(b) A carbon compound contains 92.3% of carbon and 7.7% of hydrogen by mass.
The relative molecular mass of this compound is 78.
Find the molecular formula of this compound.
Satu sebatian karbon mengandungi 92.3% karbon dan 7.7 % hidrogen.
Jisim molekul relatif bagi molekul itu ialah 78. Cari formula molekul bagi sebatian
karbon tersebut.
[Relative atomic mass: C, 12; H, 1]
[5 marks]
(c) Describe how you could determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide in
the laboratory.
Your description should include procedure of experiment, tabulation of result, and
the calculation of the results obtained.
Huraikan satu eksperimen bagaimana anda dapat menentukan formula empirik
magnesium oksida dalam makmal.
Huraian anda perlu merangkumi prosedur atau kaedah eksperimen, penjadualan
data, dan cara pengiraan untuk mendapatkan keputusan.
[Relative atomic mass: O,16; Mg,24]
[14 marks]

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10 Figure 10 shows one of the element in the Periodic Table of Elements.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan satu daripada unsur di dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.

Figure 10
Rajah 10

(a) Explain how to determine the position of element Q in the Periodic Table of
Elements.
Terangkan bagaimana anda menentukan kedudukan unsur Q dalam Jadual
Berkala Unsur.
[5 marks]

(b) Proton number of sodium and potassium are 11 and 19 respectively.

Explain why sodium is less reactive than potassium.
Nombor proton natrium dan kalium ialah 11 dan 19 masing-masing.
Terangkan mengapa natrium kurang reaktif daripada kalium..
[5 marks]

(c) Describe an experiment to compare the reactivity of lithium and sodium when
reacted with water.
Your description should also include the observations, the name of products
and chemical equations for the reactions.
Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk membandingkan kereaktifan litium dan
natrium apabila bertindak balas dengan air.
Huraian anda perlu juga mengandungi pemerhatian, nama hasil tindak balas
dan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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