METHODOLOGY

The Apparatus Used

The apparatuses used in the

experiment are sieve shaker and Wiley mill.
The Wiley mill was used to crush the chalk
and produce powdered chalk. Figure 1 shows
the apparatus while Figure 2 shows its
diagram with parts.

Figure 2. Wiley Mill Diagram and Parts

Another apparatus used in this

experiment is the sieve shaker. Figure 3
shows its diagram and its parts. The Ro-Tap
Sieve Shaker is composed of three main parts
namely – the motor, the tapper, and the
pans.The motor is what makes the apparatus
running. The motor rotates the pans and
activates the tapper. The tapper taps the top
of the pans. And, the pans are used to sieve
the materials at the bottom pan. The pans are
classified according to mesh numbers which
corresponds to a specific mesh length
therefore, each pan has a different mesh
length.

Figure 1. Wiley Mill

The hopper is where the materials to

be crushed are passed through. The
transformer is the power source of the Wiley
mill. Lastly, the glass container is used as a
collection vessel for the crushed material.

Figure 3. Ro-Tap Sieve Shaker

Evaluation of Screen Analysis determine the average mesh length of 2
consecutive pans. Eqn. (3) was used to
In this experiment, chalk was
determine the length mean diameter. Eqn. (4)
powdered using the Wiley Mill and the
was used to calculate for the volume mean
mortar and pestle. Using the Wiley mill,
diameter. Eqn. (5) was used to compute for
crude pieces of chalk was placed inside the
the surface mean diameter. And, Eqn. (6) was
mill throug the hopper. Then, the powdered
used to compute for the volume surface
chalk was collected through a beaker. Using
diameter or the Sauter mean diameter.
the mortar and pestle, pieces of chalk were
crushed using the pestle. The chalk was not 𝑀𝑝𝑐 −𝑀𝑝
𝑥𝑖 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 (1)
crushed thoroughly with the pestle to easily
𝐷1+𝐷2
observe which particles will be able to pass 𝐷𝑝𝑖 = (2)
2
through certain mesh sizes. 𝑥𝑖
𝛴( )
𝐷𝑝𝑖 2
A mixture of 25 grams of chalk from ̅𝑝 =
𝐷 (3)
𝑥𝑖
𝛴( 3)
the Wiley mill and 25 grams of chalk from 𝐷𝑝𝑖

the mortar and pestle was prepared. Then, the 1

3
mass of each pan was determined before 1
̅𝑝𝑉 = [
𝐷 ] (4)
starting the screen analysis. After weighing 𝛴(
𝑥𝑖
𝐷𝑝𝑖 3)
the pans, the chalk mixture was placed inside
the bottom pan and the pans were nested 1
𝑥 2
according to there mesh sizes and was placed 𝛴( 𝑖 )
𝐷𝑝𝑖
̅𝑝𝐴 = [
𝐷 ] (5)
on the sieve shaker. The pans were shook for 𝑥𝑖
𝛴( 3)
𝐷𝑝𝑖
15 minutes and were weighed again to
determine the weight of the pan plus the 1
̅𝑝𝑉𝐴 =
𝐷 (6)
𝑥
chalk. 𝛴( 𝑖 )
𝐷𝑝𝑖

Treatment of Results

Using the data procured from the

experiment, a plot was made to observe the
amount of chalk distributed in each of the
pans. The Y-axis of the plot is the mass
fraction of chalk while the X-axis is the
average mesh size.

Using the data procured, the particle

size representations were determined. Eqn.
(1) was used to get the mass fraction of chalk
present in the pan. Eqn. (2) was used to