Insufficient Insulin intake

Reduced tissue uptake of glucose

Intracellular hypoglycaemia
Extracellular hyperglycaemia

Gluconeogenesis
Hyperosmotic plasma

Gamma globulin Fats breakdown Stimulates expression of

Aqp4 and Aqp9

Pro-inflammatory cytokine Keton

Prone to infection
Cerebral ischaemia Substrate delivery
IL-6
Diabetic
Airway infection
Ketoacidosis (DKA) Exhaust glucose rapidly
H.pilory infection
Promote Eritrocyte maturation Brain electrical
apoptosis of Impaired energy supplies activity
immature
eritrocytes Dyspepsia Leukocytosis

Metabolic Coma

(Diabetic Coma)
Anemia

KASPER, D., FAUCI, A., HAUSER, S., LONGO, D., & JAMESON, J. (2015). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. New York, McGraw-Hill Education.

Amiry-Moghaddam, Mahmood; Ottersen, Ole P. The Molecular Basis of Water Transport in Brain. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience; London 4.12 (Dec
2003): 991-1001