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Unit -1
DRIVE CHARACTERISTICS
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Contents
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Type of loads
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Regenerative Braking
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References
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UNIT-II
CONVERTER / CHOPPER FED DC MOTOR
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Contents
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(a)
(b) (c )
Fig. (a) 1-PHASE THYRISTOR BRIDGE WITH R-L-E LOAD (b)
CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION RECTIFICATION (Mode-A)
(c ) DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION RECTIFICATION (Mode-B)
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(a)
(b)
Fig. (a) CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION INVERSION MODE (Mode-C)
(b) DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION INVERSION MODE (Mode-D)
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2
Vd Vm cos Vc I d R.....(1), Vc K m K 'N ...(2), Te KI d ...(3)
TYPICAL TORQUE-SPEED CURVES OF DC MOTOR WITH 1-
PHASE BRIDGE CONVERTER
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V a b V ac V bc V ba V c a
V d
(a ) V c
id
0
t
Q1Q 6 Q1Q 2
Q1Q 6
Q1Q 2
id
0 t
2
/3
(b )
V c
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References
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Unit -III
DESIGN OF CONTROLLERS FOR DRIVES
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Contents
• Introduction
• Dynamic model of a DC Motor
• Block Diagram of a DC Motor
• Transfer Functions of a DC Motor
• Closed loop speed control
• Controller design
• Torque loop
• Speed loop
• Position loop
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Introduction
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Introduction
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Introduction
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Controller Design
Procedure
• Design the torque loop (fastest) first.
• Design the speed loop assuming the torque loop
to be ideal.
• Design the position loop (slowest) assuming the
speed loop to be ideal.
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Controller design
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Torque loop
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Speed loop
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Position loop
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References
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Unit -IV
INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES
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Contents
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(2*pi*ns)((r12+(r21/s)2+(x1+x21)2
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R*=R2(1- )
=1 R*=Zero
=0 R*= R2
0<R* <R2
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Features
• Speed Range
• Braking
• Harmonics
• Torque Pulsations
• Good pf
• Poor Efficiency
• Reasonable Cost
• General
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Vd0= -Vdi
s= -a cos
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sPg =VdId
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Contd..
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Scherbius systems
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• f= pns
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Can be used for Multi motor Drives
Load independent Commutation of the Inverter
Devices.
Inverter Frequencies can go up to 1500 Hz.
Suitable for high speed operation
Capacity upto 100 KVA
At very low speed Commutation voltage is also
very low. Up to 10% of the Speed is not realisable.
Speed Range 1:20
Not suitable for acceleration on Load and Sudden
Load Changes
Dynamic braking can be realised by an additional
converter at the line side.
Low cost with simple control circuit.
Efficiency is very poor.
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Contd..
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Contd..
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• Simple Configuration.
• Feed back diodes are absent. Blocking diodes
needed.
• Load dependent commutation.
• Multi motor operation is not possible.
• Four quadrant operation is straight forward.
• Inverter is force commutated to provide variable
frequency.
Contd..
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Highly Efficient
Precise and accurate control of torque is possible in the
complete speed range.
The slip frequency can be any value up to the value
corresponding to break down torque from no load slip.
Stable operation with good pf.
Drive efficiency is comparable to a thyristorized dc drive.
High power to Weight ratio, least maintenance, low inertia, no
limitations on power and speed ranges.
Selective harmonic elimination is possible.
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References
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UNIT-V
1
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Contents
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Self control
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Contd..
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Separate control
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• Hunting
• Poor dynamic Behavior.
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• Speed Range
– Medium to High
• Braking
– Dynamic Braking Possible. Regeneration not
straight forward.
• Harmonics
– Heating effect is high at lower frequency
Contd..
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• Torque Pulsations
–Problem at Low speed
• Power Factor
–Low Line pf
• High Cost
• Efficiency
–Moderately good
• Open loop Control is possible.
• Staring by cage winding or by open loop method
Contd..
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Features
• Speed Range
– Very wide Speed range upto zero speed is
possible
• Braking
– Dynamic Braking Possible. Regeneration
possible if primary supply is dc.
• Harmonics
– Nearly Sinusoidal
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• Torque Pulsations
– Minimal
• Power Factor
– Line pf closer to Unity.
• High Cost
• Efficiency
– Good
• Open loop Control is possible.
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References
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