NXE1 Manual

User Manual
NXE1 Digital Radio
Doc. 602-13068-01
January 19, 2001
Table of Contents ii
NXE1 Manual Dwg # 602-13068-01; Revision Levels:
SECTION DWG REV REVISED/

RELEASED
NXE1 602-13068-01 A HLJ
602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

iii Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS & DESCRIPTION ................................................................. 1-1

1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 SYSTEM FEATURES ................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 TYPICAL CONFIGURATIONS ...................................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Data Rate and Interface ...............................................................................................1-3
1.3.2 Standalone Operation ..................................................................................................1-3
1.3.3 Hot Standby (Protected) Operation .............................................................................1-3
1.4 NXE1 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 1-5
1.4.1 System...........................................................................................................................1-5
1.4.2 Transmitter...................................................................................................................1-6
1.4.3 Receiver........................................................................................................................1-6
1.4.4 FCC Spectral Emission Masks.....................................................................................1-7
1.4.5 ETSI Spectral Emission Masks...................................................................................1-11
1.5 REGULATORY NOTICES .......................................................................................................... 1-14
1.6 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION (QAM) ............................................................................................... 1-14
1.6.1 Introduction................................................................................................................1-14
1.6.2 QAM Modulator/IF Upconverter ...............................................................................1-16
1.6.3 RF Upconverter..........................................................................................................1-17
1.6.4 Power Amplifier (PA).................................................................................................1-18
1.6.5 RF Downconverter.....................................................................................................1-19
1.6.6 QAM Demodulator/IF Downconverter ......................................................................1-20
2 INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 UNPACKING .............................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 NOTICES ................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 RACK MOUNT ........................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.4 DUPLEXER: INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ........................................................................................... 2-2
2.5 REAR PANEL CONNECTIONS & INDICATORS ............................................................................ 2-2
2.6 POWER REQUIREMENTS............................................................................................................ 2-5
2.6.1 Power Supply Card Slot Details...................................................................................2-5
2.6.2 AC Line Voltage ...........................................................................................................2-5
2.6.3 DC Input Option...........................................................................................................2-5
2.6.4 Fusing...........................................................................................................................2-6
2.7 POWER-UP SETTING ................................................................................................................. 2-6
2.8 DATA INTERFACE ..................................................................................................................... 2-7
2.8.1 4xE1/T1 MUX Channel Configurations.......................................................................2-7
2.9 HOT STANDBY (PROTECTED) CONFIGURATION ....................................................................... 2-9
2.9.1 Hot/Cold Standby Modes ...........................................................................................2-11
2.9.2 Hot Standby Control using the Moseley TP64 ...........................................................2-11
2.9.3 Hot Standby Control with Single Unit........................................................................2-15
2.10 SITE INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................ 2-16
2.10.1 Facility Requirements ................................................................................................2-17
2.10.2 Power Requirements ..................................................................................................2-18
2.11 ANTENNA/FEED SYSTEM ........................................................................................................ 2-18
2.11.1 Antenna Mounting......................................................................................................2-18
2.11.2 Transmission Line ......................................................................................................2-18
2.11.3 Environmental Seals...................................................................................................2-19
2.12 RADIO ANTENNA TESTING ..................................................................................................... 2-20
2.13 LINK ALIGNMENT ................................................................................................................... 2-20
NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Table of Contents iv
3 FRONT PANEL OPERATION ....................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 FRONT PANEL OPERATION ....................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.1 LCD Display ................................................................................................................3-1
3.2.2 Cursor and Screen Control Buttons .............................................................................3-2
3.2.3 LED Status Indicators..................................................................................................3-3
3.2.4 Screen Menu Tree Structure.........................................................................................3-3
3.3 MAIN MENU ............................................................................................................................. 3-4
3.3.1 Launch Screens ............................................................................................................3-4
3.4 SCREEN MENU SUMMARIES ................................................................................................... 3-11
3.4.1 Meter ..........................................................................................................................3-12
3.4.2 System: Card View .....................................................................................................3-12
3.4.3 System: Power Supply ................................................................................................3-13
3.4.4 System: Info................................................................................................................3-13
3.4.5 System: Basic Card Setup ..........................................................................................3-14
3.4.6 System: Factory Calibration ......................................................................................3-15
3.4.7 System: Unit-Wide Parameters ..................................................................................3-16
3.4.8 System: Date/Time .....................................................................................................3-17
3.4.9 System: Transfer.........................................................................................................3-17
3.4.10 External I/O................................................................................................................3-18
3.4.11 Alarms ........................................................................................................................3-19
3.4.12 Faults .........................................................................................................................3-20
3.4.13 G821 Parameters .......................................................................................................3-20
3.4.14 QAM Modem Status ...................................................................................................3-21
3.4.15 QAM Radio TX Status ................................................................................................3-24
3.4.16 QAM Radio RX Status................................................................................................3-25
3.4.17 QAM Radio TX Control .............................................................................................3-25
3.4.18 QAM Radio RX Control .............................................................................................3-26
3.4.19 QAM Modem Configure.............................................................................................3-27
3.4.20 QAM Radio TX Configure..........................................................................................3-33
3.4.21 QAM Radio RX Configure .........................................................................................3-33
3.4.22 QAM Radio RX DTV Status .......................................................................................3-34
3.4.23 QAM Radio RX DTV Configure .................................................................................3-35
3.5 NMS/CPU PC CONFIGURATION SOFTWARE.......................................................................... 3-35
3.6 UP/DOWN CONVERTER MODULE: AFC ADJUST .................................................................... 3-36
3.6.1 AFC Level—TX ..........................................................................................................3-36
3.6.2 AFC Level—RX ..........................................................................................................3-37
4 VOICE/DATA MUX.................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.1 DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2 VOICE/DATA MUX SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 4-3
4.3 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION................................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.1 System Connections......................................................................................................4-4
4.3.2 Mux Module Details.....................................................................................................4-6
4.3.3 Connector Pinouts........................................................................................................4-7
4.3.4 MUX Interface Cables................................................................................................4-10
4.4 VOICE MODULE ...................................................................................................................... 4-13
4.4.1 Description.................................................................................................................4-13
4.4.2 Module Hardware ......................................................................................................4-14
4.4.3 Signaling ....................................................................................................................4-15
4.5 ASYNC LOW-SPEED DATA MODULE (RS-232)....................................................................... 4-16
4.6 SYNC HIGH-SPEED DATA MODULES ...................................................................................... 4-17
4.6.1 G.703 Synchronous High-Speed Module at 64 kbps..................................................4-17

v Table of Contents
4.6.2 Synchronous High-Speed Data Rate Module.............................................................4-19

4.7 VOICE TERMINATION MODULES (AFXO/AFXS)................................................................... 4-19
4.7.1 Central Office Line Termination with Pay-Phone Interface Signaling Pass-through
Feature 4-19
4.7.2 Subscriber Line Termination with configurable Pay-Phone Subscriber Loop Interface
4-21
4.8 CONFIGURATION SETTINGS .................................................................................................... 4-22
4.8.1 Voice Termination (AFXO/AFXS) Interface Cable and Adapter ...............................4-24
5 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................ 5-1
5.1 PATH EVALUATION INFORMATION ........................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................5-1
5.1.2 Path Analysis................................................................................................................5-5
5.2 ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS ............................................................................................. 5-13
5.3 CONVERSION CHART .............................................................................................................. 5-15

1 System Specifications & Description
1.1 Introduction
The NXE1 is a spectrum-scalable point-to-point digital radio that can deliver 2048 kbits of data in
as little as 400 kHz of channel bandwidth. Advanced modulation and digital processing
techniques allow one radio to deliver user-defined rates from 64 kbps to 34 Mbps in user-
selectable bandwidths of 25 kHz to 7 MHz. Built-in Network Management and complete
diagnostics minimize installation and maintenance costs.
The NXE1 is an all-digital, open-architecture, modular system (see Figure 1-1 below). The
versatility and power of the NXE1 come from a complete range of “plug and play” personality
modules.
Figure 1-1. NXE1 Modular Open Architecture

The high spectral efficiency of the NXE1 is achieved by user-selectable 16, 32 or 64 QAM.
Powerful Reed-Solomon error correction, coupled with a 20-tap adaptive equalizer, provides
unsurpassed signal robustness in hostile RF environments. An ultra-linear 1 Watt average
transmit power is achieved with redundant RF power hybrid modules.
Digital radios are increasingly favored throughout the world because they can be set up quickly
and easily, as temporary or as permanent installations. In developing countries and in the
industrial nations, both rural and urban networks are using digital radios when other transmission
facilities are unavailable, inappropriate, or too expensive. The NXE1 is especially well suited to
these applications because it has been designed for today's multimedia networking environment.
1.2 System Features

Selectable Rates: 64 kbps to 34 Mbps
Selectable Spectral Efficiency of 1.6, 3.2, 4 or 5 bps/Hz
4 QAM, 16 QAM, 32 QAM & 64 QAM Modulation
Channel Widths of 25 kHz to 7 MHz
768 kbps in 200 kHz
Powerful Reed-Solomon Error Correction with up to 12 level interleaver
Built-in Adaptive Equalizer
335-512, 790-960, 1350-1525 MHz, 1700-3500 MHz (consult factory)

System Specifications & Description 1-2
Internal Duplexer
Independent Synthesized Tx & Rx units
Auto / Manual Power Control of up to 20 dB
Built-in Auto Pin Diode Attenuator for powerful signals
Accurate Digital Filtering for adjacent channel rejection
-30ºC to +60ºC operating range
386 Processor-based controller
Extensive LCD screen status monitoring
Built-in BER Meter
Built-in NMS
Monitoring & Time Stamping
Full Local & Remote Loopback
Monitor up to 4 external Analog & Digital I/O
Full Hot Standby Radio in 3 RU
Exact readout of RSL in dBm
Optional built-in Voice/Data Mux and 4xE1 Mux
Completely modular

1-3 System Specifications & Description
1.3 Typical Configurations

1.3.1 Data Rate and Interface
Table 1-1 provides basic data channel capabilities for the NXE1. See Section 2 (Installation) for
more detailed information.
Table 1-1. NXE1 Data Channel Configurations

Data Rate MUX Hardware Channels Interface(s)
2 Mbps-8 Mbps 4xE1/T1 MUX 4 G.703, E1/T1, V.35, RS-449
64 kbps-2 Mbps Voice/Data MUX 4 V.35, RS-449, RS-232

Voice
64 kbps-34 Mbps QAM Modem 1 V.35, RS-449, E1/T1
1.3.2 Standalone Operation

The NXE1 may be used as a standalone digital radio as depicted in Fig.1-2.
ANTENNA
NXE1 RADIO
VOICE
RX
DATA INTERNAL
MUX Modem
DUPLEXER
TX
NMS
Figure 1-2. NXE1 Standalone Configuration
1.3.3 Hot Standby (Protected) Operation

The NXE1 may be installed in a hot standby configuration as depicted in Fig.1-3, using two NXE1
radios and a TP64 transfer panel; or as depicted in Fig. 1-4, as a single 3RU chassis.

NXE1 RADIO A
DATA CNTL RX TX
ANTENNA
TP64 TRANSFER
PANEL
DATA RX RF
SWITCH/ SPLITTER
DATA DUPLEXER
TRANSFER TX RF
LOGIC RELAY
DATA CNTL RX TX
NXE1 RADIO B
Figure 1-3. NXE1 Hot Standby – Two Discrete Radios with Transfer Panel
QAM
Up/Down Converter
Modem
A
A
RX TX
DATA
ANTENNA
NMS/
DUPLEXER
RX RF
CPU SPLITTER
(w/ MUX
Transfer TX RF
Logic) RELAY
DATA
RX TX
QAM
Up/Down Converter
Modem
B
B
DATA
Figure 1-4. NXE1 Hot Standby – Single 3RU Chassis

1.4 NXE1 Specifications

1.4.1 System
Frequency 335-512, 790-960, 1350-1535 MHz, 1700-3500 MHz (consult
factory), fully synthesized.
Tx-Rx Spacing Minimum 3.6 MHz. Duplexer limited.
Built-in duplexer, except for spacing:
>5 MHz in 335-512 MHz band.
>9 MHz in 790-960 MHz band.
>40 MHz in 1500 MHz band.
External duplexer required for smaller spacings
Step Size 25 kHz
Data Rates 64-2048 kbps in 64 kbps step size; 2xE1/T1, 4xE1/T1,
34 Mbps (consult factory)
Interface V.35, RS-449, V.11 (selectable) G.703, E1, DSX-1.
Spectral Efficiency Selectable 1.6, 3.2, 4 or 5 bps/Hz
Built-In Network On line and off line. Full status, configuration performance
SNMP, TCP/IP. Web browser access.
Diagnostics Local and remote loopback. Local and remote status and
control. Monitoring of BER, RSL, Alarms, Status and Historical
information. FWD Power, REV Power, TX Lock, Radiate, RX
lock.
-12
Unfaded BER 1 x 10
Error Correction Reed-Solomon, T=8
Status Indicators Fault, Alarm, Loopback, TX, TXD, RX, RXD, NMS/CPU.
Fault Detection and Logging REV Power, PA Current, LO Level, Exciter Level, RSL, BER,
Synth Level, Modem Level.
Alarm Detection and FWD Power, AFC Lock , PA Temp, MBAUD, DBAUD, DFEC.
Logging
Temperature Range Full performance: -30ºC to +60ºC
Power Source 12/24/48 VDC or 115/230 VAC.
80 Watts consumption.
Dimensions Height 13.2 cm/5.2 in.;
Width 43.2 cm/17 in.;
Depth 50.5 cm/20 in.
Weight (Net) 24 lbs. (10.9 kg)
Overhead Channels (Option) Up to 4 overhead voice, async or sync channels.
Command Lines (Option) 4 channels. Programmable momentary, momentary pulse or
latching.
Relay 50V, -2A.
Status Channels (Option) 4 channels. User programmable N.O./N.C., momentary or
latching, alarm indication. TTL-compatible input standard.
Telemetry Channels (Option) 4 input channels, 1 output channel. Resolution: 8 bits.
Orderwire (Option) 2W/4W Tel/Line level. Selective calling.

1.4.2 Transmitter
Power Out (QAM) +31 dBm at 335-512 MHz
+30 dBm at 790-960 MHz
+27 dBm at 1350-1535 MHz
(Optional +3 dB for higher power)
Connector Type 50 Ohms type N female.
Frequency Stability 0.1 ppm
Spurious -60 dBm
Type of Modulation User Selectable QPSK, 16, 32 or 64 QAM.
Emission Mask FCC 47CFR 94.7 c(4) Mask. ETSI Mask.
1.4.3 Receiver
Type of Receiver Triple conversion.
Image Rejection 80 dB minimum.
Connector Type 50 ohm type N female.
Demodulation QAM digital coherent detection.
Frequency Stability 0.1 ppm.
Equalizer 20 tap adaptive equalizer.
Adjacent Channel Rejection +15 dB for 16 QAM,
+10 dB for 64 QAM
Co-Channel Rejection -22 dB for 16 QAM
–28 dB for 64 QAM
AGC Range 80 dB
-03
BER Threshold For 1 x 10 , 16 QAM see Table 1-2 below.
-06
For 1 x 10 , 2 dB more signal.
QPSK Bandwidth is 2 * 16 QAM
For other modulation rates relative to 16 QAM, see Table 1-3
below.
-02
BER threshold mute adjust Set for 10 BER,
-03 -08
NX Spec: Adjustable 1x10 to 1x10 (for TP64 Transfer Panel
applications only)
Table 1-2. NXE1 System Performance vs. Data Rate

Data Rate (kbps) 64 128 384 768 1544 2048 2xE1 4xE1
Rx signal (dBm),
-105 -101 -97 -95 -94 -93 -90 -87
16 QAM
Occupied (FCC)
25 50 100 200 450 600 1200 2400
Spectrum (kHz)
ETSI Channel (kHz) 25 75 250* 250 500 500 1000 2000
* NOTE Due to ETSI sensitivity specifications, this is QPSK mode only. Sensitivity is –102 dBm.
For other modulation rates relative to 16 QAM, see Table 1-3.

Table 1-3. NXE1 Modulation rates relative to 16 QAM

Modulation Type Threshold Differential Normalized Bandwidth
QPSK -3 dB 2.0
16 QAM 0 dB 1.0
32 QAM +1.5 dB 0.80
64 QAM +4 dB 0.67
1.4.4 FCC Spectral Emission Masks

The following FCC spectral compliance emission plots are peak power measurements at 1 watt
average transmit power.
Figure 1-5 500 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 74)
Fig 1-5 a. 1408 kbps @ 16 QAM
Fig 1-5 b. 1536 kbps @ 16 QAM

Fig 1-5 c. 1536 kbps @ 64 QAM
Fig 1-5 d. 2048 Kbps @ 32 QAM
Fig 1-5 e. 2048 Kbps @ 64 QAM

Fig 1-6 a. 1408 kbps @ 64 QAM
Figure 1-7 250 KHz Allocation (FCC Part 74)
Fig 1-7 a. 1024 kbps @ 64 QAM
Fig 1-7 b. 1024 kbps @ 32 QAM

Fig 1-8 a. 768 kbps @ 32 QAM
Fig 1-9 a. 384 kbps @ 32 QAM

Fig 1-10 a. 192 kbps @ 32 QAM
Fig 1-11 a. 64 kbps @ 16 QAM
1.4.5 ETSI Spectral Emission Masks

The following ETSI spectral compliance emission plots are peak power measurements at 1 watt
average transmit power.

Figure 1-11
Fig 1-11 a. 8448 kbps @ 32 QAM
Fig 1-11 b. 4224 kbps @ 32 QAM

Fig 1-11 c. 2048 kbps @ 32 QAM
Fig 1-11 d. 768 kbps @ 16 QAM
Fig 1-11 e. 384 kbps @ QPSK

(4 QAM)

1.5 Regulatory Notices

FCC Part 15 Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used
in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his expense.
Any external data or audio connection to this equipment must use shielded cables.
EC Declaration of Conformity
Note: This equipment has been tested by an accredited EMC testing laboratory and is certified to
comply with EN 300 339:1998 and EN 300 385 V1.2.1.1998, radiated and conducted emission
and immunity requirements and is therefore duly authorized to bear the CE mark.
ETSI CLASS 2/3 Performance Certification
Note: This digital radio link equipment has been tested by an accredited testing laboratory and is
certified to comply with ETSI 300 630 performance requirements.
1.6 System Description (QAM)

1.6.1 Introduction
The NXE1 is a full-duplex digital radio. The following sections describe the TX system, RX
system, followed by sub-system components. Please reference the accompanying block
diagrams for clarification.
We will follow the typical end-to-end progression of a radio system starting with the TX baseband
inputs, to the QAM modulator, followed by the upconversion process and the power amplifier.
We then proceed to the RX preamplifier input, the downconversion process, followed by the QAM
demodulator and baseband outputs.

Antenna QAM Modem Module

RF Module IF Card QAM Modem
RX
Down Converter Down Converter Demodulator
400 MHz- 70 MHz

Duplexer 1.5 GHz
TX
RF Linear Up Converter Up Converter Modulator
PA
+15 VDC
12.8 MHz
PA Control/ Back Data, Address, I 2C, SPI Bus

Current
Sense
Pl
System
Monitor
(A/D)
Power Intelligent
Supply NMS MUX
Channel 1
System CPU
Universal +5/+15 VDC Remote I/O Channel 2
Data/Voice
Input AC 130 Watt Interface
(DC Optional) Front Panel Interface 4 Port Channel 3
Channel 4
Front Front Panel Trunk

Panel Ribbon Cable
Serial PC Interface
Status/Command/Control I/O 4 x 20 LCD Display
Status LEDs
Transfer Panel I/O
BarGraph
Figure 1-12. NXE1 System Block Diagram

The NXE1 is a modular digital radio transmitter system that operates in the 300 MHz to 3.5 GHz
bands and provides simplex data transmission up to 2.048 Mbps increments in 8 kbps steps.
See Figure 1-12 above.
All modules (excluding the Front Panel and Power Amplifier) are interconnected via the
backplane that traverses the entire width of the unit. The backplane contains the various
communication buses as well as the PA (Power Amplifier) control and redundant transfer
circuitry. See Figure 1-13 below for locations of the Backplane and the Power Amplifier. The
power supply levels and status are monitored on the backplane and the NMS/CPU card
processes the data.
Backplane
TX Power Amplifier
Figure 1-13. Location of the NXE1 Backplane and Power Amplifier

The NMS/CPU card incorporates microprocessor and FPGA logic to configure and monitor the
overall operation of the system via front panel controls, LCD screen menus, status LEDs and the
bar graph display. Module settings are loaded into the installed cards and power-up default
settings are stored in non-volatile memory. LCD screen menu software is uploaded into memory,
providing field upgrade capability. A Windows-based PC interface is available for connection at
the rear panel DATA port.

1.6.2 QAM Modulator/IF Upconverter

DIGITAL OCXO
NCO
POT 12.8 MHz
INTERLEAVE
RAM
BUS
DATA & CLK
IN
QAM
IF OUT
ENCODER
IF
IF
SYNTH
STATUS
BUS
REF CLK
FPGA OUT
LED
STATUS
IF REF
CLK OUT BUS
I2C IN
MICRO
TRUNK LEVEL
CONTROLLER
I/O TRANSLATOR
FPGA
SPI
EEPROM
TXD DEBUG
RS232
RXD TRANSLATOR
uC
EEPROM
BUS
DATA & CLK
OUT
IF IN
QAM
DECODER
AGC RATE CONVERTER LEGEND
NO
CONNECTION
INTERLEAVE uC BUS
RAM
PLL FIFO REF CLK
Figure 1-14. QAM Modem Block Diagram

The QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) Modulator is the transmit portion of the QAM
Modem card. The QAM Modem also houses the IF Up/Down Converter. The QAM Modulator
utilizes the upconverter portion of the IF daughter card.
The QAM Modulator accepts the aggregate data stream via the backplane (see Figure 1-14
above). The module performs up to 64 QAM (6 bits/symbol) modulation at a carrier frequency of
6.4 MHz, adding FEC (Forward Error Correction) bits while interleaving the blocks of data. The
result is a very spectrally efficient, yet robust linear modulation scheme. This process requires an
ultra-stable master clock provided by an OCXO (oven controlled crystal oscillator) that is accurate
to within 0.1 ppm.

IF Input
6.4 MHz
-20 dBm
BPF BPF
6.4 MHz 70 MHz
Synth Level
76.4 MHz PLL
Data Loop
VCO
Clk Filter IF Output
PLL
Enbl 70 MHz
Exciter
Ref Synth Level -10 dBm
Lock
Figure 1-15. IF Upconverter Block Diagram

The resultant carrier is translated up to 70 MHz by the IF Upconverter (see Figure 1-15). This is
accomplished by a standard mixing of the carrier with a phase-locked LO. A 70 MHz SAW filter
provides an exceptional, spectrally-clean output signal.
1.6.3 RF Upconverter
RF Output
70 MHz IF
400 MHz-1.5 GHz
Input
BPF
Diplexer BPF BPF
70 MHz
Synth Level
TX ALC
Loop
VCO IPA Level
Filter
Data RFA Fwd Pwr Level
Synth Level
Clk PLL RFA Rev Pwr Level
PLL Synth Lock
Enbl uP Temp Sense
Synth Data
Ref NMS
Synth Clk
Synth Lock Synth Enbl 12.8 MHz Ref Osc
Figure 1-16. RF Upconverter Block Diagram

The IF output carrier of the IF Upconverter daughter card is fed to the transmit portion of the RF
Module via an external (rear panel) semi-rigid SMA cable. This module performs the necessary
upconversion to the RF carrier (see Figure 1-16). There is an on-board CPU for independent
control of the critical RF parameters of the system.

Since this is a linear RF processing chain, an automatic leveling control loop (ALC) is
implemented here to maintain maximum available power output (and therefore maximum system
gain). The ALC monitors the PA forward power (FWD) output sample, and controls the
upconverter gain per an algorithm programmed in the CPU. The ALC also controls the power-up
RF conditions of the transmitter output.
1.6.4 Power Amplifier (PA)

RF Output
RF Input
LPF
3dB
3dB
hybrid
hybrid
Rev
Power
Fwd
Power
Temp Sense
Dig
Temp
Figure 1-17. RF Power Amplifier Block Diagram

The Power Amplifier (PA) is a separate module that is mounted to a heat sink and is fan-cooled
for reliable operation (see Figure 1-17). The PA is a design for maximum linearity in an amplitude
modulation-based system. The “divide and combine” design is inherently stable and well
matched even when looking at an adverse antenna impedance mismatch. The amplifier utilizes
gain modules that are easily replaceable, and if one amplifier does fail, the link will still perform at
a reduced power level. This provides a built-in redundancy for the PA, which is traditionally the
weak link of any microwave radio system.

1.6.5 RF Downconverter
ALC
Loop Amp ALC Control
RF AGC ALC
Det
RF Input
IF Output
BPF Diplexer BPF
70 MHz 70 MHz
70 MHz
Atten Preamp IF Amp to QAM

Demod
NMS
Synth Level
Synth Lock 12.8 MHz Ref Osc
Synth Data uP
Loop Synth Clk

VCO
Filter Synth Enbl
Data
Clk
PLL PLL
Enbl
Ref
Synth
Lock
Figure 1-18. RF Downconverter Block Diagram

The receiver handles the traditional RF to IF conversion from the carrier to 70 MHz (see Figure 1-
18). Considerations are given to image rejection, intermodulation performance, dynamic range,
agility, and survivability. A separate AGC loop was assigned to the RF front end to prevent
intermodulation and saturation problems associated with reception of high level undesirable
interfering RF signals resulting from RF bandwidth that is much wider than the IF bandwidth. The
linear QAM scheme is fairly intolerant of amplifier overload. These problems are typically related
to difficult radio interference environments that include high power pagers, cellular phone sites,
and vehicle location systems.

1.6.6 QAM Demodulator/IF Downconverter

IF Input
70 MHz
BPF BPF
70 MHz 6.4 MHz
Synth Level IF Output
6.4 MHz
-10dBm
76.4 MHz PLL AGC Control
Data Loop
VCO
Filter
Clk
PLL
Enbl
Ref Synth
Lock
Figure 1-19. IF Downconverter Block Diagram

The QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) Demodulator is the receive portion of the QAM
Modem card. The QAM Modem also houses the IF Up/Down Converter. The QAM Demod
utilizes the downconverter portion of the IF daughter card.
The IF Downconverter receives the 70 MHz carrier from the receiver portion of the RF Module via
an external semi-rigid cable and directly converts the carrier to 6.4 MHz by mixing with a low-
noise phase-locked LO (see Figure 1-19). System selectivity is achieved through the use of a 70
MHz SAW filter.
The QAM Demod receives and demodulates the 6.4 MHz carrier (see Figure 1-16). The
demodulation process includes the FEC implementation and de-interleaving that matches the
QAM modulator in the transmitter, and the critical “data assisted recovery” of the clock. This
process requires an ultra-stable master clock provided by an OCXO (oven controlled crystal
oscillator) that is accurate to within 0.1 ppm.
The output is an aggregate data stream that is distributed to the trunk port or to the backplane for
connection to the multiplexer connected on the backplane.

2 Installation
2.1 Unpacking
The following is a list of all included items.
Description Quantity
NXE1 Digital Radio (3RU chassis) 1
Rack Ears (with hardware) 4
Extender Card (Universal QAM) — optional 1
Power Cord (IEC 3 conductor for AC, 2-wire for DC) 2
Manual 1
Test Data Sheet (customer documentation) 1
Be sure to retain the original boxes and packing material in case of return shipping. Inspect all
items for damage and/or loose parts. Contact the shipping company immediately if anything
appears damaged. If any of the listed parts are missing, call the distributor or the factory
immediately to resolve the problem.
2.2 Notices
CAUTION
DO NOT OPERATE UNITS WITHOUT AN ANTENNA, ATTENUATOR, OR LOAD CONNECTED
TO THE ANTENNA PORT. DAMAGE MAY OCCUR TO THE TRANSMITTER DUE TO
EXCESSIVE REFLECTED RF ENERGY.
ALWAYS ATTENUATE THE SIGNAL INTO THE RECEIVER ANTENNA PORT TO LESS THAN
3000 MICROVOLTS. THIS WILL PREVENT OVERLOAD AND POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO THE
RECEIVER MODULE
WARNING
HIGH VOLTAGE IS PRESENT INSIDE THE POWER SUPPLY MODULE WHEN THE UNIT IS
PLUGGED IN. REMOVAL OF THE POWER SUPPLY CAGE WILL EXPOSE THIS POTENTIAL
TO SERVICE PERSONNEL. TO PREVENT ELECTRICAL SHOCK, UNPLUG THE POWER
CABLE BEFORE SERVICING. UNIT SHOULD BE SERVICED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL
ONLY.

Installation 2-2
PRE-INSTALLATION NOTES
Always pre-test the system on the bench in its intended configuration prior to installation at a
remote site. Avoid cable interconnection length in excess of 1 meter in strong RF environments.
We highly recommend installation of lightning protectors to prevent line surges from damaging
expensive components.
2.3 Rack Mount

The NXE1 is normally rack-mounted in a standard 19” cabinet. Leave space clear above (or
below) the unit for proper air ventilation of the card cage. The rack ears are typically mounted as
shown in Figure 2-1. Other mounting methods are possible by changing the orientation of the
rack ears.
Figure 2-1. NXE1 Typical Rack Mount Bracket Installation
2.4 Duplexer: Internal/External

Various duplexers, both internal and external, can be utilized. For current duplexers utilized with
the radios, please see the Appendix.
2.5 Rear Panel Connections & Indicators

Please refer to the Figure 2-2 for a pictorial of a typical NXE1 rear panel (internal duplexer).
Following is a descriptive text of the connections and LED indicators.

2-3 Installation
NMS CARD QAM MODEM RF MODULE
NXE1
POWER SEMI-RIGID
RF I/O
SUPPLY CABLE
Figure 2-2. NXE1 Rear Panel Connections

Power Supply:
Inputs: AC: Universal Input, 100-240V, 50/60 Hz; IEC 3

conductor
DC: 12V/24v/48v (Isolated Input); 2 pin socket (custom)
Status LED: +15V: Green LED indicates +15 volt supply OK
+5V: Green LED indicates +5 volt supply OK
NMS Card
I/O Port: RS232 PC access; 9 pin D-sub (female)
Reset Switch: Activates hard system reset
Status LED: Green LED Indicates CPU OK

Installation 2-4
QAM Modem
I/O Ports: TRUNK: Data I/O and RS232 setup; V.35, RS449;
15pin D-sub (female) HD
RF 70 MHz SMA (female); Modulator output

Connectors: OUT:
70 MHz SMA (female); Demod input

IN:
Status LED: MOD: GREEN indicates Modulator Lock
DEMOD: GREEN indicates Demod Lock
Up/Down Converter Module
RF TO PA: SMA (female), Upconverter output to be applied

Connectors: to linear Power Amplifier module (internal to
radio).
70 MHz SMA (female), Modulated IF input from QAM

IN: Modulator.
RF IN: SMA (female), Receiver input.
70 MHz SMA (female); Downconverter output to

OUT: Modulator input
Status LED: TX GREEN indicates TX AFC LOCK

LOCK:
Flashing RED indicates LOSS OF TX LOCK
RX GREEN indicates RX AFC LOCK and strong RX

LOCK: signal
YELLOW indicates RX AFC LOCK and nominal
RX signal
RED (continuous) indicates RX AFC LOCK and
weak RX signal
RED (flashing) indicates LOSS OF RX LOCK

2-5 Installation
RF I/O Panel
RF ANTENNA: Type N (female), RF cabling from internal PA

Connectors: module.
PA IN: SMA (female), RF cabling to internal PA

module.
RX OUT: SMA (female), RF cabling from internal

duplexer.
SEMI-RIGID CABLE
Ensure that the cables are secure and tightly attached.
Check for any damage (kinks or breaks in the copper sheath).
2.6 Power Requirements

2.6.1 Power Supply Card Slot Details
The leftmost slot in the NXE1 card cage (as viewed from the rear of the unit) is designated as the
“PRIMARY A” power supply. This is the default slot for non-protected systems.
The next slot to the right is designated as “SECONDARY B”. This slot will be occupied only if a
second QAM radio module set is installed in a redundant system. The NXE1 TX utilizes these
slots to separate the PA supply lines (+15sw-A, +15sw-B). The main bus voltages (+5 and +/-15)
are summed in the backplane and provide the supply the plug-in modules.
NOTE: The front panel LCD screen displays the system supply voltages and the
nomenclature follows the physical location of the power supply modules.
2.6.2 AC Line Voltage

The NXE1 uses a high reliability, universal input switching power supply capable of operating
within an input range of:
100 - 240 VAC; 50/60 Hz
The power supply module is removable from the unit and a perforated cage protects service
personnel from high voltage. The power supply is fan cooled due to high power consumption by
the PA.
CAUTION
High voltage is present when the unit is plugged in. To prevent electrical shock, unplug the power
cable before servicing. Power supply module should be serviced by qualified personnel only.
2.6.3 DC Input Option

An optional DC input power supply is available for the NXE1; using high reliability, DC-DC
converter(s) capable of operation within the following input ranges (dependent upon nominal input
rating):

Installation 2-6
Nominal DC Input Operating Input Range

12 Volt: 10 – 14 VDC
24 Volt: 20 – 28 VDC
48 Volt: 32 – 64 VDC
The DC input is isolated from chassis ground and can be operated in a positive or negative
ground configuration. The power supply module is removable from the unit and no high voltages
are accessible.
The power supply contains two DC-DC converters, one of which supplies the PA (+15sw-A or
+15sw-B) exclusively.
2.6.4 Fusing
For AC modules, the main input fuse is located on the switching power supply mounted to the
carrier PC board and the protective cage may be removed for access to the fuse.
For DC modules, all fusing is located on the carrier PC board.
Always replace any fuse with same type and rating. Other fuses are present on the board, and
are designed for output fail-safe protection of the system. All output fuse values are printed on
the backside of the PC board to aid in replacement.
NOTE: If a fuse does blow in operation, investigate the possible cause of the failure prior to
replacing the fuse, as there is adequate built-in protection margin.
2.7 Power-Up Setting

As shipped, the NXE1 will radiate into the antenna upon power-up, THIS ASSUMES THAT THE
ANTENNA LOAD IS GOOD (LOW VSWR). If the VSWR of the load causes a high reverse power
indication at the PA, the red VSWR LED will light and the transmitter will cease radiating. This is
called the “AUTO” setting in the QAM RADIO CONTROL screen (see below).
The LCD screen (“QAM RADIO TX CONTROL”) selects the power-up state and controls the
radiate function of the TX unit.
Go to the MAIN MENU:
NXE1 Main Menu

METER
Scroll
QAM RADIO
SYSTEM
ALARMS/FAULTS
Scroll to QAM Radio, press ENTER.

Select Launch Screen for CONTROL TX, press ENTER:

2-7 Installation
QAM Radio Launch
CONTROL
TXA
QAM Radio TX Control

TX Radiate AUTO
Verify the AUTO setting.

AUTO: Transmitter will protect its PA by “folding back” the ALC under bad
load VSWR condition (default setting)
ON: Transmitter will remain in radiate at full power under all antenna
port conditions (not recommended).
OFF: Transmitter in standby mode.
2.8 Data Interface

2.8.1 4xE1/T1 MUX Channel Configurations
Trunk I/O Async Data Channel
Channel 1/2 (E1/T1) Channel 3/4 (E1/T1)
Aux Channel 1 Aux Channel 2
Figure 2-3. 4XE1/T1 MUX Panel

The 4xE1/T1 MUX is a high speed card (up to 8 MBPS) that has a total of 7 ports. Table 2-1
summarizes the capabilities.

Installation 2-8
Table 2-1. NXE1 4xE1/T1 MUX Data Channel Configurations

Chnl Data Data Data Data Data Data Inter-
Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate face
4xE1 4xT1 2xE1 2xT1 1xE1 1xT1
(BPS) (BPS) (BPS) (BPS) (BPS) (BPS)
1 2.048 K 1.544 K 2.048 K 1.544 K 2.048 K 1.544 K G.703,

DSX-1
2 2.048 K 1.544 K 2.048 K 1.544 K --- --- G.703,

DSX-1
3 2.048 K 1.544 K --- --- --- --- G.703,

DSX-1
4 2.048 K 1.544 K --- --- --- --- G.703,

DSX-1
* Aux1 128 K 96 K 64 K 48 K 32 K 24 K V.35,

RS449
* Aux2 128 K 96 K 64 K 48 K 32 K 24 K V.35,

RS449
ASYNC 9600 7200 4800 3600 2400 1800 RS232

Data
* AUX Channels 1-2 can be combined to form 2xCh.1 or 2xCh.2 (i.e., in 4xE1 mode, AUX could
be a single channel of 256 KBPS)
Voice/Data MUX Channel Configurations

The Voice/Data MUX has 4 ports, designed for relatively low speed data transmission. Voice, low
speed data, and ASYNC data may be multiplexed up to a 2MBPS data stream. Table 2-2
summarizes the capabilities.

2-9 Installation
Trunk I/O Setup Port
Channel 3 Channel 4
Channel 1 Channel 2
Figure 2-4. Voice/Data MUX Panel
Channel Data Rate Interface Options

Ch. 1 – 4 ASYNC: 0.3 - 38.4 KBPS RS-232
SYNC: 4.0 – 508.0 KBPS V.11, V.35, RS-449
VOICE: 24, 32, 64 KBPS G.721, G.711
Table 2-2. NXE1 Voice/Data MUX Channel Configurations
2.9 Hot Standby (Protected) Configuration

The NXE1 may be installed in a hot standby (protected) configuration. This consists of either two
NXE1 chassis with a TP64 transfer panel (Figure 2-5) or a single 3RU chassis (Figure 2-6).
Transfer Panel Connection
The usual hot standby configuration uses an external duplexer. This minimizes RF losses and
provides independent TX and RX module switching. A duplexer should already be mounted on

Installation 2-10
the TP64 chassis. Alternatively, rack mounted duplexers (typical for tighter channel spacings)
may be provided. The connections are the same, although the physical location is different.
A power divider (used to split the signal equally to two receivers) is required in this mode. The
input to the power divider connects directly to the duplexer with an N-N (male) adapter.
See Figure 2-5 for installation details.
ANTENNA
NXE1 Radio A
DATA
TP64 Top View

RJ45
DATA
TP64 Rear Panel
RJ45
NXE1 Radio B
DATA
Figure 2-5. NXE1 Hot Standby – with Transfer Panel
3RU Single Chassis

The self-contained 3RU single chassis hot standby unit contains the duplexer, RX power
combiner, data switching, and all necessary components internal to the unit. No special external
connections are required.

2-11 Installation
ANTENNA
DATA
Figure 2-6. NXE1 Hot Standby – Single 3RU Chassis
2.9.1 Hot/Cold Standby Modes

Hot Standby ( *preferred)
Hot standby leaves both transmitters in the RADIATE ON condition, and the transfer logic
controls the RF relay to select the active transmitter, thereby decreasing switchover time. This is
the preferred operating mode.
Cold Standby
Cold standby can be used in situations where lower power consumption is a priority. In this
mode, the transfer logic will control the RADIATE function of each transmitter, turning the RF
output ON (in tandem with the RF relay) as required for switching. This will increase switching
time and a corresponding increase in data loss during the switchover.
2.9.2 Hot Standby Control using the Moseley TP64
2.9.2.1 TP64 Front Panel Controls and Indicators
Note: See the following section for a detailed description of the Master/Slave logic implemented
in the TP64.

Installation 2-12
Figure 2-7. TP64 Front Panel

LED Indicators
Green: The indicated module is active, and that the module is performing within
its specified limits.
Yellow: The indicated module is in standby mode, ready and able for back-up
transfer.
Red: There is a fault with the corresponding module. It is not ready for
backup, and the TP64 will not transfer to that module.
TRANSFER Switches
The RADIO A and RADIO B transfer switches cause the selected radio to become active, and the
Master. See Section 3.4 (following) for further details.
2.9.2.2 Master/Slave Operation & LED Status

The TP64 operates in a Master/Slave logic mode. In the power up condition, the Master is
RADIO A. This means that RADIO A is the default active unit. The following logic applies to hot
or cold standby, external or internal duplexer configurations.
Table 2-3. TP64 Transmitter Master/Slave Logic

Selected TXA TXB TXA TXB Active TX TX Relay
Master Status Status LED LED Position
A OK OK GRN YEL A A
A-Master
Logic
A OK FAIL GRN RED A A

A FAIL OK RED GRN B B
A FAIL FAIL RED RED N/A A
B OK OK YEL GRN B B
B-Master
Logic
B OK FAIL GRN RED A A

B FAIL OK RED GRN B B
B FAIL FAIL RED RED N/A B

2-13 Installation
Table 2-4. TP64 Receiver Master/Slave Logic

Selected RXA RXB RXA RXB Active RX RX Data &
Master Status Status LED LED Clk
A OK OK GRN YEL A A
A-Master
Logic
A OK FAIL GRN RED A A

A FAIL OK RED GRN B B
A FAIL FAIL RED RED N/A None
B OK OK YEL GRN B B
B-Master
Logic
B OK FAIL GRN RED A A

B FAIL OK RED GRN B B
B FAIL FAIL RED RED N/A None
A-Master Logic (default power-up):

If RADIO A is “good”, the TP64 will remain in RADIO A position, regardless of RADIO B’s status.
If RADIO A fails, the TP64 will switch to RADIO B (assuming that RADIO B is “good”)
If RADIO A then returns to a “good” condition, the TP64 will switch back to RADIO A (the default
Master)
Manual Switchover to B-Master Logic
The front panel switch on the TP64 can be used to manually force the system to a new Master.
By pressing the RADIO B button, RADIO B now becomes the Master, and the TP64 will
switchover to RADIO B (assuming that RADIO B is “good”).
The default A-Master Logic will then switch to B-Master Logic, as outlined in Tables 2-3 and 2-4.
Note: Manual switching of the Master is often used to force the system over to the standby unit.
The user may want to put more “time” on the standby unit after an extended period of
service. In Hot Standby configurations, this will not buy the user anything in terms of
reliability. In Cold Standby, the “burn time“ is more significant, since the RF power
amplifier device operating life becomes a factor.
2.9.2.3 NXE1 Software Settings

The full array of available settings for the Control and Configuration menus are located in Section
3—Operation of the Front Panel. Shown here are the applicable settings for redundant standby
systems.

Installation 2-14
Clock Settings
For proper operation, the clock settings (located in the QAM Radio/Config/Modem Menu) must be
set as follows:
QAM Interface
Intfc TRUNK
Tx In Clock
Clk Phase INVERTED
Rx Clock Out
Clk Phase NORMAL
Trunk Out
Clk Source EXTERNAL
Clk Phase NORMAL
Control Settings
These settings configure the transmitter for hot (or cold) standby.
It is important that each NXE1 radio in the redundant pair is configured identically for proper
operation.
In the SYSTEM TRANSFER menu:
Transfer
Tx Transfer ______
Rx Transfer ______
Tx Transfer:
OFF: Turns Transmitter Transfer Mode OFF.
Rx Transfer:
OFF: Indicates the receivers are not switched.
In the QAM Radio TX Control menu:
QAM Radio Tx Control
TX Radiate ______
Tx Radiate:
ON: Configures the Transmitter to always RADIATE.

2-15 Installation
2.9.2.4 TP64 Settings

The TP64 software settings are contained in the internal firmware. Aside from the front panel
RADIO A/B Master Select (as described above), there are no user-configurable settings in the
TP64 unit.
2.9.3 Hot Standby Control with Single Unit
2.9.3.1 NXE1 Software Settings

The full array of available settings for the Control and Configuration menus are located in Section
3—Operations. Shown here are the applicable settings for single systems.
Clock Settings
All controls and indications can be found on the NXE1 front panel LCD display (located in the
QAM Radio/Config/ModA or ModB Menu).
QAM Interface
Intfc RADIO(BKPLN)
Tx In Clock
Clk Phase NORMAL
Control Settings
These settings configure the transmitter for hot (or cold) standby.
It is important that each NXE1 radio in the redundant pair is configured identically for proper
operation.
In the SYSTEM TRANSFER menu:
Transfer
Tx Transfer ______
Rx Transfer ______
Tx Transfer:
HOT: Configures the Transmitter for HOT STANDBY
operation.*(preferred)
COLD: Configures the Transmitter for COLD STANDBY operation.
Rx Transfer:
ON: Places the receivers in both active and transfer mode.
In the QAM Radio TX Control menu:
QAM Radio Tx Control
TX Radiate ______

Installation 2-16
Tx Radiate:
AUTO: Software controls the RADIATE function.
2.10 Site Installation

The installation of the NXE1 involves several considerations. A proper installation is usually
preceded by a pre-installation site survey of the facilities. The purpose of this survey is to
familiarize the customer with the basic requirements needed for the installation to go smoothly.
The following are some considerations to be addressed (refer to Figure 2-8 for Site Installation
Details).
Before taking the NXE1 to the installation site verify that the audio and/or data connections are
compatible with the equipment to be connected. Also, locate the information provided by the path
analysis that should have been performed before ordering the equipment. At the installation site,
particular care should be taken in locating the NXE1 in an area where it is protected from the
weather and as close to the antenna as possible. Locate the power source and verify that it is
suitable for proper installation.

2-17 Installation
NXE1 RX REAR PANEL
Figure 2-8. Site Installation Details
2.10.1 Facility Requirements

The site selected to house the NXE1 should follow conventional microwave practice and should
be located as close to the antenna as possible. This will reduce the RF transmission line losses,

Installation 2-18
minimize possible bending and kinking of the line, and allow for the full range potential of the
radio link.
The building or room chosen for installation should be free from excessive dust and moisture.
The area should not exceed the recommended temperature range, allow for ample air flow, and
provide room for service access to cables and wiring.
2.10.2 Power Requirements

The AC power supply uses a universal input switching supply that is adaptable to power sources
found worldwide. The line cord is IEC (USA) compatible, and the user may need to adapt to the
proper physical AC connector in use.
For DC input units, double-check the input voltage marking on the rear panel does indeed match
the voltage range provided by the facility. Verify that the power system used at the installation
site provides a proper earth ground. The DC option for the NXE1 have isolated inputs by default,
but the user may hard-wire a negative chassis ground inside the module, if desired.
An uninterruptible power supply backup (UPS) system is recommended for remote locations that
may have unreliable source power. Lightning protection devices are highly recommended for the
power sources and antenna feeds.
2.11 Antenna/Feed System

2.11.1 Antenna Mounting
The antennas used as part of the NXE1 system are directional. The energy radiated is focused
into a narrow beam by the transmitting antenna and must be aligned towards the receiving
antenna. The type of antenna used in a particular installation will depend on frequency band and
antenna gain requirements. These parameters are determined by the path analysis.
The antenna is usually mounted on a pipe mount or tower, on top of a building, on a tower
adjacent to building where the NXE1 is installed, or on some structure that will provide the proper
elevation. If the tower or antenna mounting mast is to be mounted on a building, an engineer
should be consulted to ensure structural integrity. The antenna support structure must be able to
withstand high winds, ice, and rain without deflecting more than one tenth of a degree. The
optimum elevation is determined by the path analysis.
Mount the antenna onto its mounting structure but do not completely tighten the mounting bolts at
this time. The antenna will need to be rotated during the path aligning process.
Information on how to perform a site survey and path analysis can be found in the Appendix, titled
“Path Evaluation Information”.
2.11.2 Transmission Line

Run the transmission line in such a manner as to protect it from damage. Note that heliax
transmission line requires special handling to keep it in good condition. It should be unreeled and
laid out before running it between locations. It cannot be pulled off the reel the same way as
electrical wire. Protect the line where it must run around sharp edges to avoid damage. A kinked
line indicates damage, so the damaged piece must be removed and a splice installed to couple
the pieces together.

2-19 Installation
2.11.3 Environmental Seals

The connections at the antenna and the transmission line must be weather-sealed. This is best
accomplished by completely wrapping each connection with Scotch #70 tape (or equivalent),
pulling the tape tight as you wrap to create a sealed boot. Then, for mechanical protection over
the sealed layer, completely wrap the connection again with Scotch #88 (or equivalent). Tape
ends must be cut rather than torn—a torn end will unravel and work loose in the wind. Use plenty
of tape for protection against water penetration and the premature replacement of the
transmission line.
NXE1 REAR PANEL
Figure 2-9. Transmitter Site Testing

Installation 2-20
2.12 Radio Antenna Testing

After assuring that the NXE1 is properly installed, attach the transmission line to the "N"
connector labeled ANTENNA on the rear of the NXE1. Tighten the connector by hand until it is
tight. Connect the appropriate audio and data cables to the ports on the rear panel.
After running the transmission line and fastening it in place, connect the antenna end of the
transmission line to the antenna feed line, using a short coaxial jumper and a double female
barrel adapter. Connect the radio end of the transmission line to a wattmeter (with appropriate
frequency and power rating), using the radio feed line and another coaxial jumper (see Figure 2-
9).
Apply power to the NXE1 and check the status indications for proper initial operation. Observe
forward power, and check that reverse power is negligible. Turn off power to the radio.
Exchange the wattmeter with the barrel adapter and coaxial jumper at the antenna end of the
transmission line. Power-up the radio.
Observe forward power to the antenna, and verify that power loss in the transmission line is
within system specifications. Verify that reflected power from the antenna is negligible. Reflected
power should be less than 5% of the forward value, and in most cases will be significantly less.
Turn off power to the radio.
Disconnect the test equipment, reconnect the antenna feed lines, and proceed to link alignment.
2.13 Link Alignment

It is very important to aim the antennas properly; if the antennas are not aligned accurately, the
system may not operate. An approximate alignment is achieved through careful physical aiming
of the antennas toward each other. The receiver should indicate enough signal to operate when
this is achieved.
Once an approximate alignment is achieved, align the antennas accurately by accessing the
QAM RADIO MODEM STATUS (BER POST) screen and observe the RSL in dBm (upper right
corner of display). This screen also displays Bit Error Rates, which is the primary parameter for
system performance.
Turn the antenna in small increments until the maximum signal is displayed. Please note that the
signal levels should agree with the initial path calculations plus or minus 6 dBm, or there may be
a problem with antenna alignment or the antenna system. The #ERRORS display should be
zero, while the #BITS is keeping a running count of the data rate. By pressing ENTER while
viewing the screen, the error count will reset to zero. This is useful while making antenna
adjustments, as erroneous errors can be eliminated from the display for ease of use.
After peak alignment is achieved, tighten the bolts to hold the antenna securely. Double-check
the RSL and BER STATUS indications. Link alignment is complete.

3 Front Panel Operation
3.1 Introduction
This section describes the front panel operation of the NXE1 digital radio/modem. This includes:
• LCD display (including all screen menus)
• Cursor and screen control buttons
• LED status indicators
3.2 Front Panel Operation

A picture of the NXE1 front panel is depicted in Figure 3-1 below.
Figure 3-1. NXE1 Front Panel
3.2.1 LCD Display

The Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) on the NXE1 front panel is the primary user interface and
provides status, control, configuration, and calibration functionality. The menu navigation and
various screens are explained in detail later in this section.

Front Panel Operation 3-2
Backlight:
An automatic backlight is built-in to the LCD for better clarity under low-light conditions. This
backlight is enabled on power-up and will automatically turn off if there is no button activity by the
user. The backlight will automatically turn on as soon as any button is pressed.
Contrast Adjustment:
Internal adjustment on board (in back of front panel button PCB).
3.2.2 Cursor and Screen Control Buttons

The buttons on the NXE1 front panel are used for LCD screen interface and control functions:
<ENTER> Used to accept an entry (such as a value,

ENT a condition, or a menu choice).
<ESC> Used to “back up” a level in the menu

ESC structure without saving any current
changes.
<UP>,<DOWN> Used in most cases to move between the

menu items. If there is another menu in
the sequence when the bottom of a menu
is reached, the display will automatically
scroll to that menu.
<LEFT>,<RIGHT> Used to select between conditions (such

as ON/OFF, ENABLED/DISABLED,
LOW/HIGH, etc.) as well as to increase or
decrease numerical values.

3-3 Front Panel Operation
3.2.3 LED Status Indicators
Table 3-1. LED Status Indicator Functions

LED Name Function
RX Receiver Green indicates that the receiver is enabled, the

synthesizer is phase-locked, and a signal is
being received.
RXD Receive Data Green indicates that valid data is being received.
BER Bit Error Rate Flashes red for each data error detected.
FLT Fault General fault light (red). Consult the STATUS

menus for out of tolerance conditions.
LBK Loopback Red indicates analog or digital loopback is

enabled.
TXD Transmit Data Green indicates the modem clock is phase-

locked and data is being sent.
TX Transmitter Green indicates the transmitter is radiating, and

the RF output (forward power) is above the
factory-set threshold.
3.2.4 Screen Menu Tree Structure

Figures 3-2a, b and c, located on pages 3-7, 3-8, 3-9 and 3-10, show the tree structure of the
screen menu system. The figures group the screens into functional sets. There may be minor
differences in the purchased unit, due to software enhancements and revisions. The current
software revision may be noted in the SYSTEM sub-menu (under INFO).
In general, <ENTER> will take you to the next screen from a menu choice, <UP> or <DOWN> will
scroll through screens within a menu choice, and <ESC> will take you back up one menu level.
Certain configuration screens have exceptions to this rule, and are noted later in this section.
CAUTION
DO NOT change any settings in the CONFIGURE or CALIBRATE screens. The security lock-out
features of the software may not be fully implemented, and changing a setting will most likely
render the system non-operational!

3.3 Main Menu
NXE1 MAIN MENU

METER
QAM RADIO
Scroll
SYSTEM
ALARMS/FAULTS
The main menu appears on system boot-up, and is the starting point for all screen navigation.
Unlike most other screens in the software, the main menu scrolls up or down, one line item at a
time.
3.3.1 Launch Screens

The LAUNCH screen allows the user to quickly get to a particular screen within a functional
grouping in the unit. The logic is slightly different than other screens. Figure 3-3 below contains
a “Launch Screen Navigation Guide” to assist the user in locating the desired Radio screen.

NXE1 MAIN MENU

METER
QAM RADIO
Scroll
SYSTEM
ENT
ALARMS/FAULTS
Cycle through STATUS, CONTROL,

CONFIGURE choices:
QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch
STATUS CONTROL CONFIGURE

MODEM MODEM MODEM
Move cursor to
next line
Cycle through MODEM,

TX, RX choices:
STATUS STATUS STATUS

MODEM TX RX
ENT
TX STATUS chosen,
press ENTER to view.
QAM Radio TX Status

FreqA 948.0000 MHz
Page down/up with

down or up arrow.
More Screens
(see Menu Flow
Diagram)
ESC
Press ESCAPE to return to
previous levels.
Figure 3-3. Launch Screen Navigation Guide

This page is intentionally blank.

NXE1 MAIN MENU

METER
Scroll
QAM RADIO ALARMS/FAULTS
SYSTEM ALARMS - A
ALARMS/FAULTS FAULTS - A
ALARMS - B
SYSTEM FAULTS - B
System
CARD VIEW
Scroll
POWER SUPPLY Alarm(s) Fault(s)
INFO
METER BASIC CARD SETUP
FACTORY CAL
Total Alarms Since
Reset-1
Total Faults Since
Reset-1
Meter UNIT-WIDE PARAMS
Bargraph DECDR 1 DATE/TIME
TRANSFER Alarm(s) Fault(s)
Backlight AUTO EXTERNAL I/O
Led DSP A Rev Pwr > 0.25 W Fwd Pwr < 0.5 W
15:20:24 6/29/00 15:18:43 6/29/00
Cards Active B.Addr Basic Card Setup Factory Calibrate Parameter Value System Date Ext A/D Readings
QAMOD A 1 CARD ID RADIO TX System Unit No. 1 Day 29 #1- 0.56 #2- 0.00
RF TX A 1 QAM Modem QMA RADIO RX Main Title NXE1 Month 06
RF Tx TXA QAM Modem Year 00 #3- 0.00 #4- 0.00
RF RX A 1 Redundant ON
Cards Active B.Addr CARD ID IP MSB 207 System Time Ext A/D Readings
(see Factory
MUX 0 0 RF RX RXA IP 71 Hour 15
Calibration Minutes 35
CH CD 1 0 AUDIO ENC ENC1 IP 217 #1 #2 #3 #4
AUDIO submenu) Seconds 48
ENCDR 1 1 AUDIO DEC
DEC DEC1 IP LSB 191 OFF OFF OFF OFF
Control Relays
#1- OFF #2- ON
CARD ID SNMP MSB 255 Transfer Ext Relays #3- OFF #4- ON
Cards Active B.Addr MUX MUX0 SNMP 255
DECDR 1 1 Chnl Cd CHC1 SNMP 255 Tx Transfer OFF RELAY CONTROLS
SNMP LSB 0 Rx Transfer OFF MAP FAULTS-RELAYS Faults
Map to Relays? ON
Power Supply GW MSB 207
Ext D/A
Primary AC GW 71
+5VD 5.00 V GW 217
+15VD 15.00 V Output RX SIG LVL
GW LSB 191
System Information
CALC BER ALWAYS
SECURITY USER RMT/LOC LOC
FIRMWARE Vx.xx
**Note: "A" module and "Primary" screens

are the default. Meter, System, Alarms/Faults Figure 3-2a
Figure 3-2a
LCD SCREEN MENU TREE
"B" module and "Secondary" LCD SCREEN MENU TREE
calibrations are available only when
redundant systems are configured.

NXE1 MAIN MENU

METER
Select QAM RADIO to open Launch Screens (see text)
QAM RADIO
QAM Radio - Launch Screens
Scroll
SYSTEM
ALARMS/FAULTS
QAM RADIO MODEM A / B** QAM RADIO TX A / B**

QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch
STATUS CONFIGURE COPY STATUS CONTROL CONFIGURE

MODA MODEM MODEM TXA TXA TXA
QAM Modem -80dBm Qmdm DEMOD QAM Modem Configure QAM Radio Config. QAM Radio TX Control QAM Radio TX Config
BER Post 0.000E+00 Baud 280.5 k Power-On Default Copy QAM Radio TX Status
#Bits 0.000E+00 DRT 1535 k From POWER ON TX-A Radiate AUTO Freq 948.0000 MHz
FreqA 948.0000 MHz
#Errors 0.000E+00 Enc DVB Mode/Effic 32Q/5 To POWER ON
QAM Modem -80dBm Qmdm DEMOD Data Rt 2048 k TX QAM Radio TX Config
BER Pre 0.000E+00 Spctr NRML Intrlv 3 Xmtr FORC LO Side LOW
#Bits 0.000E+00 Fltr 18 % Spctrm INVRT Fwd 1.00 W LO Freq 1020.000MHz
#Errors 0.000E+00 Intrl 3 Fltr 18 Rev 0.00 W LO Step 25.0 KHz
SLOSS 0.000E+00 Qmdm TX

ES 0.000E+00 Test NORMAL Encode DVB PA Cur 2.50 A
SES 0.000E+00 Test PRBS23 Temp
Loopback CLR(OFF) 45 C
UNAS 0.000E+00 SYNTH LOCK
DTV Menus
on next page
(Figure 3-2c)
Qmdm MOD Qmdm QAM Interface
TX
AFC 3.8 V
Baud LOCK Intfc TRNK Intfc DTE(Trnk) LO 100 %
IFMOD 4 % Xctr 100 %
Qmdm DEMOD Tx CLOCK Tx Clock

Clk Source EXT TXC QAM RADIO RX
Baud LOCK ClkSrc RECOV Clk Phase NORMAL
Fec LOCK ClkPh NORM QAM Radio Launch
QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch
STATUS CONTROL CONFIGURE

Qmdm Tx Clk Out Tx Clock Out RXA RXA
RXA
Synth LOCK Clk Phase NORMAL
AFC 3.7 V Clk Ph NORM
QAM Radio RX Status QAM Radio RX Control QAM Radio RX Config
FreqA 948.0000 MHz RX Atten AUTO Freq 948.0000 MHz
Qmdm Rx Out Rx Clock
Data Src NORM Clk Source EXT TXC
IFOUT 95 % Clk Src RECOV Clk Phase NORMAL
Mode 64Q Clk Ph NORM RX QAM Radio RX Config
Rcvr FORC LO Side LOW
RSL -80 dBm LO Freq 1020.000MHz
Qmdm MOD Qmdm Atten AUTO LO Step 25.0 KHz
Baud 280.5 k
DRT 1535 k Fvers 1.5 **Note:"A" module and "Primary" screens
Enc DVB Xvers 2.1 are the dault. RX
SYNTH LOCK
"B" module and "Secondary" AFC 4.4 VDC Figure 3-2b
Qmdm MOD
calibrations are available only when LO Figure 3-2b
Spctr NRML 100 %
Fltr 18 % redundant systems are configured. LCD SCREEN MENU TREE
Intrl 3

QAM Radio - Launch Screens (Continued)

DTV QAM RADIO TX A / B
Continued
from
previous
page STATUS CONTROL CONFIGURE
LBANDTX LBANDTX LBANDTX
QAM Radio TX Control QAM Radio TX Config

QAM Radio TX Status
TX-A Radiate AUTO Freq 948.0000 MHz
FreqA 948.0000 MHz
TX QAM Radio TX Config

Xmtr FORC LO Side LOW
LO Freq 1020.000MHz
LO Step 25.0 KHz
TX
SYNTH LOCK
TX
AFC 3.8 V
LO 100 %
Xctr 100 %
DTV QAM RADIO RX

QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch QAM Radio Launch
STATUS STATUS CONTROL CONFIGURE CONTINUE

uWSYNTH LBANDRX LBANDRX LBANDRX uWSYNTH
DTV Status QAM Radio RX Status QAM Radio RX Control QAM Radio RX Config Continue DTV
Freq 7.289 GHz FreqA 948.0000 MHz RX Atten AUTO Freq 948.0000 MHz Freq 7.1280 GHz
DTV RX QAM Radio RX Config

PA MUTE NO Rcvr FORC LO Side LOW MUTE MODE AUTO
Synth ON RSL -80 dBm LO Freq 1020.000MHz PA MUTE NO
Atten AUTO LO Step 25.0 KHz
PA CURRENT RX PA CURRENT
SYNTH LOCK UPPER RANGE 1.5amp
Current 1.3 AFC 4.4 VDC
LO LOWER RANGE .5amp
100 %
Note: The screens pictured on this page appear

Figure 3-2c
only when the NXE1 is configured for DTV Figure 3-2c
mode operation LCD SCREEN MENU TREE

Scroll
NXE1 MAIN MENU SYSTEM CAL System Cal
15V-RFA +5VD EXTERNAL ANALOG
Factory Calibration
METER BATT +15VA #1 #2 #3 #4
QAM RADIO
SYSTEM System 15V-RFA-Prim. Calib Extern A/D 1 Calib
ALARMS/FAULTS CARD VIEW
Scroll
POWER SUPPLY Reading 15.00 Reading 15.00
INFO Calibr Val 14.50 Calibr Val 12.00
BASIC CARD SETUP
Factory Calibrate Battery-Prim. Calib Extern A/D 2 Calib
FACTORY CAL
DATE/TIME RADIO TX SYSTEM
TRANSFER RADIO RX Reading 15.00 Reading 15.00
EXTERNAL I/O QAM MODEM Calibr Val 14.50 Calibr Val 12.00
+5VD Calib Extern A/D 3 Calib
Reading 15.00 Reading 15.00

Calibr Val-9999.00 Calibr Val 12.00
+15VA Calib Extern A/D 4 Calib
RADIO TX CAL
UNIT A Reading 15.00 Reading 15.00
UNIT B Calibr Val 14.50 Calibr Val 12.00
RADIO TX-A CAL RADIO TX-B CAL QAM MODEM CAL RADIO RX CAL
FWD PWR ALC FWD PWR ALC
REV PWR PA CUR REV PWR PA CUR UNIT A UNIT A
UNIT B UNIT B
RADIO TX-A CAL RADIO TX-B CAL QAM MODEM-A CAL QAM MODEM-B CAL RADIO RX-A CAL RADIO RX-B CAL
AFC LVL AFC LVL
RSL RSL
LO LVL LO LVL OCXO MOD LVL OCXO MOD LVL AFC LVL AFC LVL
XCTR LVL XCTR LVL SYNTH LVL AFC LVL SYNTH LVL AFC LVL
LO LVL LO LVL
FWD PWR-A Calibr AFC LVL-A Calibr FWD PWR-B Calibr AFC LVL-B Calibr RSL-B CAL
OCXO-A Cal OCXO-B Cal RSL-A CAL
Pwr Adjust 190 27 Reading 4.50 Pwr Adjust 190 27 Reading 4.50
Calibr Val 0.85 Calibr Val 0.85 Freq Adj 194 Freq Adj 194 Hi Reading -50.00
Reading 1.00 Reading 1.00 Hi Reading -50.00
Mode SLAVE Mode SLAVE Lo Reading -70.00 Lo Reading -70.00
Cal Value -9999.00 Cal Value -9999.00 cw OFF cw OFF Calibr Val
Calibr Val 0.00 0.00
REV PWR-A Calibr LO LVL-A Calibr REV PWR-B Calibr LO LVL-B Calibr Synth Lvl-A Cal Synth Lvl-B Cal AFC LVL-A CAL AFC LVL-B CAL
Reading 0.25 W Reading 100 % Reading 0.25 W Reading 100 % Reading
Cal Value -9999.00 Cal Value Cal Value -9999.00 Cal Value Reading 100.0 100.0 Reading 4.50 Reading 4.50
52.94 % 52.94 %
Cal Value 96.00 Cal Value 96.00 Calibr Val 4.05 Calibr Val 4.05
ALC-A Calibr XCTR LVL-A Calibr ALC-B Calibr XCTR LVL-B Calibr Mod Lvl-A Cal Mod Lvl-B Cal LO LVL-A CAL LO LVL-B CAL
Reading 100 % Reading 100 % Reading 100.00 Reading 100.00
Cal Value 100 % Cal Value 100 % Reading 100 Reading 100
Cal Value 95.96 Cal Value 95.96 Calibr Val 4.05 Calibr Val 4.05
PA ALC AUTO PA ALC AUTO
PA Current-A Calib PA Current-B Calib AFC Lvl-A CAL AFC Lvl-B CAL
Reading 10.00 A
2.40 Reading 10.00 A
2.40 Reading Reading
4.50 4.50
Cal Value 0.00
1.72 A Cal Value 0.00
1.72 A Cal Value 3.67 Cal Value 3.67
Note: "B" Module and "Secondary" calibrations are available only when
Figure 3-2d
Figure 4-2c
Figure 4-2c
redundant systems are configured. LCD SCREEN
SL9003Q SCREEN MENU
MENUTREE
TREE
SL9003Q SCREEN MENU TREE
"A" module and "Primary" screens are the default.

3.4 Screen Menu Summaries

The following tables and text provide a screen view for that topic as well as the functions and
settings of that screen. The order follows the Screen Menu Tree (Figures 3-2a, b, and c) with the
exception of the QAM Radio screens, which are grouped in the STATUS, CONTROL and
CONFIGURE categories.
OUTLINE OF SECTION 3.4 (SCREEN MENU SUMMARIES)
3.4 SCREEN MENU SUMMARIES ...............................................................................................3-11

3.4.1 Meter ......................................................................................................................... 3-12
3.4.2 System: Card View .................................................................................................... 3-12
3.4.3 System: Power Supply ............................................................................................... 3-13
3.4.4 System: Info ............................................................................................................... 3-13
3.4.5 System: Basic Card Setup.......................................................................................... 3-14
3.4.6 System: Factory Calibration ..................................................................................... 3-15
3.4.7 System: Unit-Wide Parameters ................................................................................. 3-16
3.4.8 System: Date/Time..................................................................................................... 3-17
3.4.9 System: Transfer........................................................................................................ 3-17
3.4.10 External I/O............................................................................................................... 3-18
3.4.11 Alarms ....................................................................................................................... 3-19
3.4.12 Faults......................................................................................................................... 3-20
3.4.13 G821 Parameters ...................................................................................................... 3-20
3.4.14 QAM Modem Status................................................................................................... 3-21
3.4.15 QAM Radio TX Status ............................................................................................... 3-24
3.4.16 QAM Radio RX Status ............................................................................................... 3-25
3.4.17 QAM Radio TX Control............................................................................................. 3-25
3.4.18 QAM Radio RX Control............................................................................................. 3-26
3.4.19 QAM Modem Configure ............................................................................................ 3-27
3.4.20 QAM Radio TX Configure ......................................................................................... 3-33
3.4.21 QAM Radio RX Configure......................................................................................... 3-33
3.4.22 QAM Radio RX DTV Status....................................................................................... 3-34
3.4.23 QAM Radio RX DTV Configure ................................................................................ 3-35
A summary of each function is also provided.

3.4.1 Meter
Meter
Bargraph DECDR 1
Led Dsp A
Function Settings Summary

Bargraph ENCDR1, 2, etc… Selects the desired audio source for display on the audio
DECDR1, 2, etc… level bargraph
NONE Turns off the bargraph
Led Dsp A The status of Radio A or Radio B is displayed on the
B LEDs on the front panel.
3.4.2 System: Card View

Cards Active B.Addr
QAMOD A 1
RF TX A 1
RF RX A 1
Cards Active B.Addr

MUX 0 0
CH CD 1 0
ENCDR 1 1
Cards Active B.Addr

DECDR 1 1

Cards Active RF RX A QAM Receiver RF Module installed in QAM Radio “A”
slots (base address 0)
DECDR 1 Audio Decoder #1 installed (base address 1)
ENCDR 1 Audio Encoder #1 installed (base address 2)
QAMOD A QAM Modem Module installed in QAM Radio “A” slots
(base address 3)
RF TX A QAM Transmitter RF Module installed in QAM “A” slots
(base address 4)
MUX 0 Intelligent Multiplexer #0 installed (base address 5)
CH CD 1
Note: The card view screen gives the user a list of all installed cards in the unit. The base
address (B. Addr) is listed for diagnostic purposes only.

3.4.3 System: Power Supply

Power Supply Status
Primary AC
+5VD 5.00 V
+15VD 15.00 V
Primary Indicates type of supply in primary slot A:
AC Universal AC input
DC DC Option
+5 VD 0-9.99 V Voltage level of the main +5 volt supply
5.20 V nominal
+15 VD 0-99.9 V Voltage level of the main +15 volt supply
15.2 V nominal
3.4.4 System: Info

System Information
Unit No. 1
Security USER
Firmware V.2.04
Unit No. 1,2,3,… Identification for NMS system
SECURITY Indicates access level of security:
Lockout No control available
User (default) Limited control of parameters
Factory Full configure and calibration
FIRMWARE V x.xx Revision of front panel screen menu software

3.4.5 System: Basic Card Setup

Basic Card Setup
Card Id
QAM Modem QMA
RF Tx TXA
Card Id
RF Rx RXA
Audio Enc ENC1
Audio Dec DEC1
Card Id
MUX MUX0
Chnl Cd CHC1

QAM Modem QMA, QMB QAM Modem installed in QAM Radio slots A or B
RF Tx TXA, TXB QAM Transmitter installed in QAM Radio slots A or B
RF Rx RXA, RXB QAM Receiver installed in QAM Radio slots A or B
Audio Enc ENC1,2,… Audio Encoder installed and identified (affects meter
selection of bargraph)
Audio Dec DEC1,2,… Audio Decoder installed and identified (affects meter
selection of bargraph)
MUX MUX 0,1,… Mux Module installed and identified
Chnl Cd CHC 1,2,… Channel Card installed and identified
Note: These are factory settings of installed cards, used to control appropriate displays in the
CARD VIEW screens.

Note: Pressing enter at each ID type brings up another screen with the Card Function shown
and the question: In System? Is displayed. Depending upon the card type, this screen also
indicates the base address. These windows are shown below:
QAM Modem A Mux 0
In system? YES
In system? YES Chnl Base Addr 0
Hooked to Radio NO
Radio TX A Mux 0
Channel Types
In system? YES 1 NONE 3 NONE
2 NONE 4 NONE
Radio RX A Channel Card 1
In system? YES In system? YES

Base addr 0
Encoder 1 Channel Card 1

Channel Types
In system? YES 1 NONE 3 NONE
Base addr 1 2 NONE 4 NONE
Decoder 1
In system? YES
Base addr 1
3.4.6 System: Factory Calibration

Factory Calibrate
RADIO TX System
RADIO RX
QAM Modem
The Factory Calibration Screens are documented in Figure 3-2 (Screen Menu Tree). The user
may refer to this diagram when instructed to do so by customer service technicians.

3.4.7 System: Unit-Wide Parameters

Parameter Value
Unit No. 1
Main Title NXE1
Redundant ON
IP MSB 207
IP 71
IP 237
IP LSB 115
SNM MSB 255

SNM 255
SNM 255
SNM LSB 0
GW MSB 207
GW 71
GW 237
GW LSB 254
Calc BER always
RMT/LOC LOC

Unit No. 1,2,3,… Identification for NMS system
Main Title TRANSMITTER, Determines main menu display and affects screen menu
RECEIVER, selection of modules
TRANSCEIVER
T1
DTV Link
NXE1
Redundant ON Hot Standby Dual Radio operation.
OFF Single Radio operation.
IP Integer (0-255) Internet Protocol (IP) address of the device. These
values must be set for the device to possess network
capabilities.
SNM Integer Subnet Mask of the device. Only needs to be set if the
device is to use its network capabilities. Subnetting
allows network administrators additional flexibility in
defining relationships among network hosts.
GW Integer The default Gateway of the device. The Gateway
address is configured by the network administrator. This
address informs each device where to send data if the
target station does not reside on the same subnet as the
source.
Calc BER RMT (Remote) Use RMT only in SNMP mode.
always LOC (Local) Put in local.

3.4.8 System: Date/Time

System Date
Day 29
Month 06
Year 98
System Time
Hour 15
Minute 35
Second 48

Day 01-31 Sets the system date used for NMS and Fault/Alarm
Month 01-12 logging
Year 00-99 After selection, press ENTER to save
Hour 00-23 Sets the system time used for NMS and Fault/Alarm
Minute 00-59 logging
Second 00-59 After selection, press ENTER to save
3.4.9 System: Transfer

Transfer
Tx Transfer OFF
Rx Transfer OFF

TX Transfer OFF Configures the internal logic for transfer panel (TP64) TX
HOT control
COLD
RX Transfer OFF Configures the internal logic for transfer panel (TP64) RX
ON control

3.4.10 External I/O

Ext A/D Readings
#1- 0.56 #2- 0.00

#3- 0.00 #4- 0.00
Ext Status Readings
#1 #2 #3 #4
OFF OFF OFF OFF
Control Relays
Ext Relays #1- OFF #2- ON

#3- OFF #4- ON
RELAY CONTROLS
MAP FAULTS-RELAYS Faults
Map to Relays? ON
Ext D/A
Output RX SIG LVL

Ext A/D #1, #2, #3, #4 Voltage readings via the NMS I/O card
Readings
Ext Status #1, #2, #3, #4 Logic Level readings via the NMS I/O card
Readings
Ext Relays #1, #2, #3, #4 Control of relays at the NMS I/O card
Map Faults- ON Maps pre-determined fault conditions to trigger relays at
Relays OFF the NMS I/O card
Ext D/A Output RX SIG LVL External output follows Receive Signal Level.
NOTHING External output follows nothing.
TX FWD PWR External output follows Transmit Forward Power.

3.4.11 Alarms
Alarm(s)
Total Alarms Since
Reset-1
Alarm(s)
Rev Pwr > 0.25 W
15:20:24 6/29/98
Module Parameter Nominal Trip Value

QAM RF TX Reverse Power 0.05 Watt > 0.25 Watt
PA Current 2.5 Amp > 3.0 Amp
LO Level 100% < 50%
Exciter Level 100% < 50%
QAM RF RX RSL -30 to –90 dBm
LO Level 100% < 50%
QAM MODEM BER - >1.00E-04
Synth Level 100% < 50%
Modulator only Modem Level 100% < 50%
Alarm definition: A specific parameter is out of tolerance, but is NOT crucial for proper
system operation. ALARMS are cautionary only, and indicates a degradation in a system
parameter.
Logging: All fault and alarm events are logged with the date and time.
Alarm screen reset: After viewing the screen, press ENTER to clear all logs entries. If the
alarm has been corrected, no new logs will be generated.

3.4.12 Faults
Fault(s)
Total Faults Since
Reset-1
Fault(s)
Fwd Pwr < 0.5 W
15:18:43 6/29/98
Module Parameter Nominal Trip Value

QAM RF TX Forward Power 1.0 Watt < 0.5 Watt
AFC Lock Lock Unlock
PA Temp 40 deg C >80 deg C
QAM RF RX AFC Lock Lock Unlock
QAM MODEM AFC Lock Lock Unlock
Mbaud Lock Unlock
Dbaud Lock Unlock
Dfec Lock Unlock
Fault definition: A specific parameter is out of tolerance and is crucial for proper system
operation.
Logging: All fault and alarm events are logged with the date and time.
Fault screen reset: After viewing the screen, press ENTER to clear all logs entries. If the
fault has been corrected, no new logs will be generated.
3.4.13 G821 Parameters

SLOSS
QAM Modem0.000E +00
ES 0.000E +00
SES 0.000E +00
UNAS 0.000E +00

SLOSS 0.000E +00 Number of times the signal has been lost for more than
10 seconds
ES 0.000E +00 Errored seconds
SES 0.000E +00 Severely errored seconds
UNAS 0.000E +00 Unavailable seconds

3.4.14 QAM Modem Status

QAM
QAM Modem
Modem -80 dBm
BER Post 0.00E+00
#Bits 0.0000E+00
#Errors 0.0000E+00
Note:
QAM Modem -80 dBm Received Signal Level
BER Pre 0.00E+00
#Bits 0.0000E+00
#Errors 0.0000E+00

BER Post 0.00E-00 Post-FEC (Forward Error Correction) Bit Error Rate since
last “ENTER” reset
BER Pre 0.00E-00 Pre-FEC (Forward Error Correction) Bit Error Rate since
last “ENTER” reset
# Bits 0.0000E+00 # of Bits counted since last “ENTER” reset
# Errors 0.0000E+00 # of Errors counted since last “ENTER” reset

QAM Modem Status (continued)

Qmdm MOD Qmdm
Baud LOCK IFOUT 95 %

IFMOD 4 % Mode 64Q
Qmdm DEMOD Qmdm MOD

Baud 280.5 k
Baud LOCK DRT 1535 k
Fec LOCK Enc DVB
Qmdm Qmdm MOD

Spctr NRML
Synth LOCK Fltr 18 %
AFC 3.7 V Intrl 3

BAUD LOCK (default) Indicates modulator PLL is locked to incoming data
UNLOCK clock
IFMOD 0 – 100%
100% NOM
BAUD LOCK (default) Indicates demodulator PLL is locked to incoming
UNLOCK data clock
FEC LOCK (default) Indicates FEC decoder is synchronized
UNLOCK
SYNTH LOCK (default) Confirms 70 MHz IF synthesizer is phase locked
UNLOCK
AFC 0 – 9.9 VDC 70 MHz IF synthesizer AFC voltage
3.7 VDC (nominal)
IFOUT 0 – 100% Modulator level
100% (nominal)
Mode 16-64Q Modulation mode:16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM
BAUD 280.5 K Symbol rate
DRT 1535 K Data rate
ENC DVB Encoding mode
SPCTR NRML Spectrum Normal or Invert
FLTR 18 % Nyquist filter
INTRL 3 Interleave Depth
Continued on next page.

QAM Modem Status (continued)

Qmdm DEMOD
TX CLOCK
Baud 280.5 k
DRT 1535 k Clk Src Recov
Enc DVB Clk Ph Norm
Qmdm DEMOD TX CLK OUT

Spctr NRML Clk Ph Norm
Fltr 18 %
Intrl 3
Qmdm RX OUT
Test NORMAL Data Src Norm
Clk Src Recov
Clk Ph Norm
Qmdm Intfc Qmdm

Intfc TRNK FVers 1.5
XVers 2.1

BAUD 280.5 K Symbol rate
DRT0 1535 K Data rate
ENC DVB Encoding mode
SPCTR NRML Spectrum Normal or Invert
FLTR 18 % Nyquist filter
INTRL 3 Interleave Depth
TEST NORMAL Internal Test Pattern Generator
Interface Trunk Active Interface
Clk Src (Tx Internal, EXT TXC, Clock source of the Transmitter.
Clock) EXT RXC,
Recovered
Clk Ph (Tx Inverted, Normal Clock Phase of the Transmitter.
Clock)
Clk Ph (Tx Inverted, Normal Clock Phase of the Transmitter Clock Out.
Clock Out)
Data Src (Rx Norm, RPT, Loop Data Source of the Receiver Out. Normal means the
Out) source is either BKPLN or TRNK; RPT sets the radio to
Repeater; Loop sets the radio to loopback mode.
Clk Src (Rx Internal, EXT TXC, Clock Source of the Receiver Out.
Out) EXT RXC, Recov
Clk Ph (Rx Norm, Inverted Clock Phase of the Receiver Out.
Out)
Fvers
Xvers
Internal is the internal clock of the NXE1; EXT TXC is the External Transmit Clock; EXT RXC is
the External Receive Clock; Recovered is the recovered clock from the receiving RF.

3.4.15 QAM Radio TX Status
DTV Menus
QAM Radio TX Status QAM Radio TX Status
Freq 948.0000 MHz Freq 948.0000 MHz
TX TX
Xmtr FORC Xmtr FORC
Fwd 1.00 W
Rev 0.00 W
Tx Tx
PA Cur 2.50 A
Temp 45 C
Synth LOCK Synth LOCK
Tx Tx
AFC 3.8 V AFC 3.8 V
LO 100 % LO 100 %
Xctr 100 % Xctr 100 %

Freq A 948.0000 MHz Displays the transmitter output carrier frequency
XMTR Status of transmitter:
TRAFFIC ON in a hot standby mode
FORCED (default) Forced ON
FWD 0 – 9.99 Watt Output Power of TX. This menu item does not appear
1.00 Watt (nominal) when the unit is configured for DTV.
REV 0 – 9.99 Watt Reverse (or reflected) power at antenna port. This
0.07 Watt (nominal) menu item does not appear when the unit is
configured for DTV.
PA CUR 0.00– 9.99 Amp Power amplifier current consumption. This menu item
2.40 Amp (nominal) does not appear when the unit is configured for DTV.
TEMP 0– 99.9 deg C Power amplifier temperature. This menu item does not
45.0 deg C (nominal) appear when the unit is configured for DTV.
st
SYNTH LOCK (default) Indicates phase lock of the 1 LO
UNLOCK
st
AFC 0 – 9.9 VDC 1 LO PLL AFC Voltage
3.8 VDC (nominal)
st
LO 0 – 99.9% 1 LO relative power level
100% (nominal)
XCTR 0 – 99.9% Transmit module’s relative output power level
100% (nominal)

3.4.16 QAM Radio RX Status

QAM Radio RX Status
Freq 948.0000 MHz
RX
Rcvr FORC
RSL -80 dBm
Atten AUTO
RX
SYNTH LOCK
AFC 4.4 V
LO 100.0 %

Freq A 948.0000 MHz Displays the receiver operating frequency
XMTR Transfer status of receiver:
TRAFFIC Is operating, ready for transfer
FORCED (default) Is operating, will not transfer (forced ON)

RSL -30.0 to -90.0 dBm Received signal level (signal strength)
Nominal level dependent upon customer path/system
gain
ATTEN Receiver PIN attenuator setting:
AUTO (default) Controlled by internal software
ON Forced ON
OFF Forced Off
st
SYNTH LOCK (default) Indicates phase lock of the 1 LO
UNLOCK
st
AFC 0 – 9.9 VDC 1 LO PLL AFC Voltage
3.5 VDC (nominal)
st
LO 0 – 99.9% 1 LO relative power level
100% (nominal)
3.4.17 QAM Radio TX Control

QAM Radio TX Control
TX Radiate AUTO

TX-A Radiate AUTO (default) Transmitter radiating, but folds back output power on
high antenna VSWR (REV PWR)
ON Transmitter radiating
OFF Transmitter not radiating

3.4.18 QAM Radio RX Control

QAM Radio RX Control
RX Atten AUTO

RX-A ATTEN AUTO (default) ON, and is activated on high signal level
ON ON always
OFF OFF

3.4.19 QAM Modem Configure

QAM Modem Configure
Power-On Default
Mode/Effic 32Q/5
Data Rt 2048 k
Intrlv 3
Spctrm INVRT
Fltr 18
Encode DVB
Test PRBS23
Loopback CLR(OFF)

Interface QPSK/2, 16Q/4, 32Q/5, 64Q/6, Default is 64QAM
128Q/7, 256Q/8
DATA RATE N x 64 kbps, Valid range depends upon configuration.
2048 up to 45 Mbps
INTERLEAVE 1 Interleave depth.
2 1 to 204
3 (default)
4
6
12
2,17
2,34
2,51
2,68
2,102
2,204
SPECTRUM NORMAL (default)
INVERT
FILTER 18 Nyquist roll-off factor
15 (default)
12
ENCODING DVB (default) Raw data format
DCPHR, DAVIC, BRDCM,
NOFEC
TEST NORMAL (default) Test pattern length
PRBS15, PRBS23
Loopback CLR (Off) Loopback mode
RMT+LOC
RPTR

QAM Modem Configure (continued)
QAM Interface
Intfc DTE Trnk
TX CLOCK
Clk Src Recov
Clk Ph Norm
TX Clk Out
Clk Ph Norm
RX Out
Data Src Norm
Clk Src Norm
Clk Ph Norm
Qmdm
FVERS 1.5
XVER 2.1
Function Settings Summarys

Interface Trunk Uses Trunk for I/O.
Radio (bkpln) Uses Backplane for I/O.
Clk Src (Tx Internal, EXT TXC, Clock source of the Transmitter.
Clock) EXT RXC,
Recovered
Clk Ph (Tx Inverted, Normal Clock Phase of the Transmitter.
Clock)
Clk Ph (Tx Inverted, Normal Clock Phase of the Transmitter Clock Out.
Clock Out)
Data Src (Rx Norm, RPT, Loop Data Source of the Receiver Out. Normal means the
Out) source is either BKPLN or TRNK; RPT sets the radio to
Repeater; Loop sets the radio to loopback mode.
Clk Src (Rx Internal, EXT TXC, Clock Source of the Receiver Out.
Out) EXT RXC, Recov
Clk Ph (Rx Out) Norm, Inverted Clock Phase of the Receiver Out.
Fvers
Xvers
Internal is the internal clock of the NXE1; EXT TXC is the External Transmit Clock; EXT RXC is
the External Receive Clock; Recovered is the recovered clock from the receiving RF.
NOTE: See the User Clock Options Conceptual Diagram in Figure 3-4 below for clarification.
3.4.19.1 Typical Configuration

A typical installation of NXE1 Digital Radios involves configuring each NXE1 as either Data
Communications Equipment (DCE) or as Data Terminal Equipment (DCE), as illustrated below:

Tx Clock
Rx Clock
NXE1
Telecom Equipment
Configured
as DTE
NXE1 NXE1
Configured Configured
as DCE as DTE
Repeater
(DCE coupled with a DTE)
NXE1
Configured
as DCE
A DCE coupled together with a DTE enables the signal to be relayed to another DCE. This
configuration is called a Repeater. A network can consist of as many Repeaters as necessary.
The following sub-sections describe how to configure the NXE1 a DCE or as a DTE.
3.4.19.2 NXE1 as Data Communications Equipment (DCE)

By default, the NXE1 is configured as Data Communications Equipment (DCE). In the mode, the
device recovers the transmitted clocks and effectively performs as a modem.

NXE1
Configured
as DCE
To configure the NXE1 as a DCE, select the following clock settings in the System menu:
QAM Inerface
Intfc DCE Trunk
TX CLOCK
Clk Src Recov
Clk Ph Norm
TX CLK OUT
Clk Ph Norm
RX CLOCK
Clk Src Recov
Clk Ph Norm
3.4.19.3 NXE1 as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE)

When configured as Data Terminal Equipment (DTE), the NXE1 gets its clock from an external
source, such as a telecommunications device.
Tx Clock
Rx Clock
NXE1
Telecom Equipment
Configured
as DTE

To configure the NXE1 as a DTE, make the following clock selections in the System menu:
QAM Interface
Intfc DTE Trunk
TX CLOCK
Clk Src EXT TXC
Clk Ph Norm
TX CLK OUT
Clk Ph Norm
RX CLOCK
Clk Src EXT TXC
Clk Ph Norm

3.4.19.4 User Clock Options Conceptual Diagram
Figure 3-4. User Clock Options Conceptual Diagram

3.4.20 QAM Radio TX Configure

QAM Radio TX Config
Freq 948.0000 MHz
QAM Radio TX Config

LO Side LOW
LO Freq 1020.0000 MHz
LO Step 25.0 KHz
FREQ 950.5000 MHz Displays the frequency of the transmitter and allows the
user to make frequency changes.
LO Side LOW LOW: LO freq is less than carrier freq.
HIGH High: LO freq is greater than carrier freq.
LO Step 25.0 KHz Programming frequency step size
3.4.21 QAM Radio RX Configure

QAM Radio RX Config
Freq 948.0000 MHz
QAM Radio RX Config

LO Side LOW
LO Step 25.0 KHz
FREQ 950.5000 MHz Displays the frequency of the receiver and allows the
user to make frequency changes.
LO Side LOW LOW: LO freq is less than carrier freq.
HIGH High: LO freq is greater than carrier freq.
LO Step 25.0 KHz Programming frequency step size

3.4.22 QAM Radio RX DTV Status

These menus appear only when the unit is configured for DTV.
QAM Radio Launch
STATUS
uWSYNTH
DTV STATUS
FREQ 7.289 GHz
DTV
REMOTE NO
SYNTH ON
PA CURRENT
CURRENT 1.30

FREQ 7.1280, 7.1315, Displays in GHz the frequency of the receiver and allows
7.1350, 7.1385, the user to make frequency changes.
7.1420, 7.1455,
7.1490, 7.1525,
7.1560, 7.1595,
7.1630, 7.2890,
7.2925, 7.2960,
7.2995, 7.3030,
7.3065, 7.3100,
7.3135, 7.3170,
7.3205, 7.3290
REMOTE Yes/No
SYNTH On/Off
CURRENT

3.4.23 QAM Radio RX DTV Configure

These menus appear only when the unit is configured for DTV.
QAM Radio Launch
CONFIGURE
uWSYNTH
CONFIGURE DTV
FREQ 7.1280 GHz
MUTE MODE AUTO

PA MUTE NO
PA CURRENT
UPPER RANGE 1.5amp
LOWER RANGE .5amp

FREQ 7.1280, 7.1315, Displays in GHz the frequency of the receiver and allows
7.1350, 7.1385, the user to make frequency changes.
7.1420, 7.1455,
7.1490, 7.1525,
7.1560, 7.1595,
7.1630, 7.2890,
7.2925, 7.2960,
7.2995, 7.3030,
7.3065, 7.3100,
7.3135, 7.3170,
7.3205, 7.3290
MUTE MODE Auto/Normal

PA MUTE No/Yes
PA Upper Range 1.0 – 1.8 amps
CURRENT Lower Range .5 – 1.5 amps
3.5 NMS/CPU PC Configuration Software

The NMS/CPU card is configured with a Windows-based PC software package. The hardware is
accessed through the serial port on the NMS card back panel. See the manual for Moseley
NXE1 Configuration Software for more information.

3.6 Up/Down Converter Module: AFC Adjust

This adjustment requires the QAM Radio Module Extender Card, shown below in Figure 3-5.
Extender Card
Figure 3-5. QAM Radio Module Extender Card.

The only user adjustment on this module is the AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) level that
centers the tuning range for the 1st LO PLL.
3.6.1 AFC Level—TX

It is possible to change the carrier frequency of the transmitter (via the front panel) within a +/- 1
MHz range without adjustment of the AFC level.
If it is desired to change the frequency greater than 1 MHz, but less than 10 MHz, it is necessary
to adjust the TX AFC level on the Transmit Module. This is accomplished as follows:
1. Power down the transmitter and remove the two small semi-rigid cables attached to
the “TO PA” and “70 MHz IN” connectors. It will be necessary to loosen both ends of
each cable to successfully remove them.
2. Loosen the two thumbscrews that secure the module to the chassis, and pull to
remove the module from the unit. It may take some strong pulling to get it out.
3. Insert the QAM Radio Extender Card until it is seated into the backplane connector,
then insert the Transmitter Module into the Extender Card.
4. Power-up the unit and navigate the LCD screens as follows:
QAM Radio Launch
CONFIGURE
TXA
QAM Radio TX Config

Freq 944.5000 MHz
1. Using the cursors, change to the desired frequency. Press ENTER and the TX will
most likely lose AFC LOCK.
2. Navigate the LCD screens to monitor the AFC voltage as follows

QAM Radio Launch
STATUS
TXA
TX
AFC 4.5 VDC
LO 50 %
Xctr 50 %
1. Depending on the “direction” that the frequency is moved, the voltage will read either
0.00 or 9.99 VDC. While monitoring this voltage, adjust the TX AFC on the Transmit
Module (using a very small flat blade screwdriver) until the voltage reads 4.5 +/- .25
VDC.
2. The TX should achieve AFC LOCK and the operation is successful.
3.6.2 AFC Level—RX

It is possible to change the operating frequency of the receiver (via the front panel) within a +/- 1
MHz range without adjustment of the AFC level.
If it is desired to change the frequency greater than 1 MHz, but less than 10 MHz, it is necessary
to adjust the RX AFC level on the Receiver Module. This is accomplished as follows:
1. Power down the receiver and remove the two small semi-rigid cables attached to the
“RF IN” and “70 MHz OUT” connectors. It will be necessary to loosen both ends of
each cable to successfully remove them.
2. Loosen the two thumbscrews that secure the module to the chassis, and pull to
remove the module from the unit. It may take some strong pulling to get it out.
3. Insert the QAM Radio Extender Card until it is seated into the backplane connector,
and then insert the Receiver Module into the Extender Card.
4. Power-up the unit and navigate the LCD screens as follows:
QAM Radio Launch
CONFIGURE
RXA
QAM RADIO RX Config

Freq 944.5000 MHz
1. Using the cursors, change to the desired frequency. Press ENTER and the RX will
most likely lose AFC LOCK.
2. Navigate the LCD screens to monitor the AFC voltage as follows

QAM Radio Launch
STATUS
RXA
RX
SYNTH LOCK
AFC 4.5 VDC
LO 100 %
1. Depending on the “direction” that the frequency is moved, the voltage will read either
0.00 or 9.99 VDC. While monitoring this voltage, adjust the RX AFC on the Transmit
Module (using a very small flat blade screwdriver) until the voltage reads 4.5 +/- .25
VDC.
2. The RX should achieve AFC LOCK and the operation is successful.

4 Voice/Data MUX
4.1 Description
The Voice/Data Multiplexer allows any combination of low speed data, high-speed data, or voice
to be multiplexed for transmission over a digital radio link. Each multiplexer card is capable of
handling four channels. The low speed data plug-in card handles asynchronous data from 300
bps to 38.4 kbps with an RS-232 interface. The high-speed data plug in card handles data from 8
kbps to 2048 kbps with a V.11, V.35, RS-449 or EIA 530 interface. The voice plug-in card
handles 32 kbps (G.721) or 64 kbps (G.711). E&M Types 1 and 5 are supported.
Port 1
Port 2 MUX NXE1
Port 3
Port 4
Port 1-4 capabilities:

Voice [32 kbps (G.721) or 64 kbps (G.711)]
Low Speed Data [300 bps to 38.4 kbps Async]
High Speed Data [8 kbps to 2048 kbps Synchronous]
V.11, V.35, RS-449 or EIA 530.
High Speed Data [64 kbps (G.703) co-directional]
Figure 4-1. Voice/Data MUX System Block
Figure 4-2. Voice/Data MUX Module
The four I/O channels are multiplexed/demultiplexed together and routed to a trunk port and a
bus port. The trunk provides connectivity to the NXE1 radio composite port and the bus allows

Voice/Data MUX 4-2
connectivity and expansion to another MUX (installed in the NXE1 backplane). Each I/O channel
has its own FIFO. The MUX and deMUX can operate at different data rates.
The MUX creates a frame of anywhere from 96 to 256 bits. One bit per frame is used for framing
and network management. The framing pattern and the network management data are inserted
in every alternate frame. The frame rate is equal to the step size resolution: 8 kbps for trunk
rates from 64 kbps to 4E1. The step size can be as low as 125 Hz. Frame alignment is achieved
after 28 corrective frame patterns. Frame loss is declared after 8 consecutive frame
misalignments.
Each frame bit in the frame, with the exception of the frame/NMS bit, is assigned to a specific
channel (either one of four channels on the card or up to 28 other channels from 7 other cards).
The channel is selected by presenting the channel address in the MUX’s time slot. Each MUX
operates at burst timing of 2 Mbits per second. Three MUXes and an internal network
management system constitute the four 2 Mbit time slots of the 8 Mbit Master Clock.
The MUX and deMUX have PLLs to either lock to incoming data or, in the case of the MUX, to an
internal crystal reference. Each MUX and deMUX can also provide a clock reference to the bus
for use by additional cards. However, only one MUX/deMUX can provide the system clock
reference.
All setups of the MUX are stored in the Flash EPROM. The Flash EPROM can be reprogrammed
through the setup port.
The block diagram of the MUX can be found in Figure 4-3.

4-3 Voice/Data MUX
SETUP
PLL
SWITCHES
I/O
Interface
LEVEL FIFO DEMUX
TRUNK
XLATORS FIFO BUS
DEMUX
I/O &
+12V
Interface SETUP
LOGIC GENERATOR
LEVEL FIFO
CH 1
XLATORS FIFO
I/O
Interface FEPROM
LEVEL FIFO XTAL D.I.

CH 2
XLATORS FIFO OSC LOGIC RAM
I/O
Interface
LEVEL FIFO
CH 13
XLATORS FIFO
MUX
I/O
LOGIC
Interface MUX
LEVEL FIFO BUS
CH 4
XLATORS FIFO
SWITCHES
PLL
Figure 4-3. Voice/Data MUX Block Diagram
4.2 Voice/Data MUX Specifications

Capacity 4 local ports
Aggregate Rates Up to 2.048 Mbps
Resolution 8000 bps, 768-2048 kbps; 4000 bps, 384-768 kbps;

2000 bps, 192-384 kbps, 1000 bps, 96-192 kbps; 500 bps,
48-96 kbps; 250 bps, 24-48 kbps
Clocks Internal, Derived, External Port
Local Port Choice of: Voice; Low Speed Async Data (RS-232),
Interfaces High Speed Sync Data (V.35, RS-449)
Data Rates Low Speed 300-38400 bps;

Voice 16, 24, 32, 64 kbps;
High Speed to 2040 kbps
Trunk V.35 or RS-449, Composite trunk connection to radio

Voice/Data MUX 4-4
Setup Port Used for setup and configuration
Voice Card RJ45 Interface

Selectable
G.711 (64 kbps), G.721 (32 kbps),
2W/4W E&M (selectable adaptor)
Voice Card Audio Freq Response: 300 Hz-3kHz (+/- 0.5 dB)
Distortion: 2 % max.
Gain: 1 (unity)
Input: 0 dBm, +3/-6 dBm (adjustable)
Output: 0 dBm (fixed, follows input adjust)
Impedance: 600 ohm (in & out)
Low Speed RS-232 Interface

Selectable 300 bps - 38.400 bps
High Speed Interface V.11, V.35, RS-449, EIA 530

Selectable 8 kbps – 2048 kbps
High Speed Interface G.703

64 kbits, co-directional
4.3 Hardware Configuration

4.3.1 System Connections
The MUX is installed in the NXE1 card cage. All connectors are 15 pin D-style (high density), and
are accessible at the rear panel (see Figure 4-4).

4-5 Voice/Data MUX
Setup:
Trunk I/O:
Parallel port access,
Data stream is
used for PC
aggregate of channels
communcations and
1-4.
factory setup
Channel I/O (1-4):

Individual data input/
output. Typically
connects to DCE (V.35/
RS449 ,RS-232) or
Voice/Telco interface. RJ-45 (8pin)
Voice/Telco Adapter.
Figure 4-4. Voice/Data MUX Rear Panel
Figure 4-5 depicts the NXE1 with a MUX, and the possible channel data interfaces. The cable
schematics and connector pin-outs can be found in sections 4.3.3 and 4.3.4 of this manual.
NXE1 Digital Radio
See
Operational
Note 1
concerning
this slot
Interface Options:
MUX Channel (DB15M-HD) - V.35/DCE
MUX Channel (DB15M-HD) - RS449/DCE (DB37F)
MUX Channel (DB15M-HD) - RS232/DCE (DB25F)
MUX Channel (DB15M-HD) - Telco (RJ45/8)
Data Equipment
Figure 4-5. NXE1 Connection To Data Equipment

Voice/Data MUX 4-6
4.3.2 Mux Module Details
S11: MUX Function S12: Channel Bank
Figure 4-6. 4-Port MUX Module Layout

Switch Settings
The MUX Module settings are shown below in Tables 4-1, 4-2 and 4-3.
Table 4-1. Voice/Data MUX Switch Settings

Switch Name Function
S11-1 Factory set (must be ON)
S11-2 Factory set (must be ON)
S11-3 Factory set (must be OFF)
S11-4 Reserved
S11-5 En DeMUX Factory set (must be ON)
S11-6 En MUX Factory set (must be ON)
1
S11-7 MUX S0 MUX/DeMUX function
1
S11-8 MUX S1 MUX/DeMUX function
Table 4-2. MUX/DeMUX Address Switch Settings

1
MUX S1 MUX S0 MUX/DeMUX address
ON ON MUX/DeMUX Master * default
ON OFF MUX/DeMUX Slave 1
OFF ON MUX/DeMUX Slave 2
OFF OFF Channel Bank only

4-7 Voice/Data MUX
Table 4-3. Channel Bank Address Switch Settings

Switch Name Function
2
S12-1 Bd Addr 7 Channel Bank Address7
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Only one channel bank address switch may be OFF at one time, the remainder must be ON.
(Factory default = all ON)
4.3.3 Connector Pinouts
4.3.3.1 MUX Data I/O Connections
4.3.3.1.1 High Speed Synchronous
Table 4-4. Channel 1/2 (E1/T1) PINOUT

Synchronous G.703
Termination-120 ohm balanced standard, 64 kbps co-directional
Function HD15(f) PIN
CH1 TX TIP 1
CH1 TX RING 6
CH1 RX TIP 2
CH1 RX RING 7
CH2 TX TIP 3
CH2 TX RING 8
CH2 RX TIP 13
CH2 RX RING 10
EXT CLK 14
Table 4-5. Channel 3/4 (E1/T1) PINOUT

Synchronous G.703
Termination-120 ohm balanced standard, 64 kbps co-directional
CH3 TX TIP 1
CH3 TX RING 6
CH3 RX TIP 2
CH3 RX RING 7
CH4 TX TIP 3

Voice/Data MUX 4-8
CH4 TX RING 8
CH4 RX TIP 13
CH4 RX RING 10
EXT CLK 14
Table 4-6. AUX Channel 1 (V.35/RS-449/V.11/EIA 530) PINOUT

A1 TX CLK OUT A 2
A1 TX CLK OUT B 3
A1 TX CLK IN A 4
A1 TX CLK IN B 5
A1 TX DATA IN A 6
A1 TX DATA IN B 7
A1 RX CLK OUT A 10
A1 RX CLK OUT B 11
A1 RX DATA OUT A 13
A1 RX DATA OUT B 14
Table 4-7. AUX Channel 2 (V.35/RS-449/V.11/EIA 530) PINOUT

A2 TX CLK OUT A 2
A2 TX CLK OUT B 3
A2 TX CLK IN A 4
A2 TX CLK IN B 5
A2 TX DATA IN A 6
A2 TX DATA IN B 7
A2 RX CLK OUT A 10
A2 RX CLK OUT B 11
A2 RX DATA OUT A 13
A2 RX DATA OUT B 14
4.3.3.1.2 Low Speed Asynchronous
Table 4-8. ASYNC Data Channel (DTE/RS-232) PINOUT

Function DB9(m) PIN
RXD 2
TXD 3
GND 6
RTS 8
CTS 9

4-9 Voice/Data MUX
4.3.3.2 MUX Voice I/O Connections
Table 4-9. Channel 1-4 (V.35/RS-449) PINOUT

TX CLK OUT A 2
TX CLK OUT B 3
TX CLK IN A 4
TX CLK IN B 5
TX DATA IN A 6
TX DATA IN B 7
RX CLK OUT A 10
RX CLK OUT B 11
RX DATA OUT A 13
RX DATA OUT B 14
4.3.3.3 Trunk Connections
Table 4-10. Trunk I/O (V.35/RS449) PINOUT

TX CLK IN A 4
TX CLK IN B 5
TX DATA IN A 6
TX DATA IN B 7
RX CLK OUT A 10
RX CLK OUT B 11
RX DATA OUT A 13
RX DATA OUT B 14
4.3.3.4 Setup Port Connections
Table 4-11. Setup Port PINOUT

Function DB9(m) PIN
RXD 2
TXD 3
GND 6
RTS 8
CTS 9

Voice/Data MUX 4-10
4.3.4 MUX Interface Cables

RS-232 DCE MUX CHANNEL
DB9F HD15M
1 DCD 15
2 RXD 3
3 TXD 2
4 DTR 13
5 GND 1
6 DSR 6
7 RTS 7
8 CTS 8
9 RI 11
CONN SHELL GND CONN SHELL GND
Figure 4-7. Mux Data Channel RS-232 Interface (DCE)
TELCO INTFC MUX CHNL

RJ45-8 PIN HD15M
1 BLUE 8
E-RELAY RELAY A2
2 ORANGE 11
E-RELAY RELAY N02
3 BLACK 3
4 WIRE RING RING
4 RED 13
4 WIRE OUT 4 WIRE OUT
5 GREEN 9
6 YELLOW 5
4 WIRE TIP TIP
7 BROWN 10
M-REF +20V
8 WHITE 6
M-SIGNAL OHDT-R
7
CAP COUP
12
CAP COUP
14
-20V
2
OHDT-C
Figure 4-8. Voice/Telco Card 4-Wire Interface (E&M Type V)

4-11 Voice/Data MUX
INDICATES
TWISTED
HD15M PAIR
4
TXC_I_A BRN
5
TXC_I_B BRN-WHT
6
TXD_I_A BLU
7
TXD_I_B BLU-WHT
10
RXC_O_A
11
RXC_O_B
13
RXD_O_A
14
RXD_O_B
Figure 4-9. Mux Loopback Connector
INDICATES
MUX CHANNEL TWISTED V.35 FEMALE
PAIR
HD15M (DCE)
6 P
TXD_I_A SEND DATA (A)
7 S
TXD_I_B SEND DATA (B)
13 R
RXD_O_A RECEIVE DATA (A)
14 T
RXD_O_B RECEIVE DATA (B)
4 U
TXC_I_A TERMINAL TIMING (A)
5 W
TXC_I_B TERMINAL TIMING (B)
2 Y
TXC_O_A SEND TIMING (A)
3 AA
TXC_O_B SEND TIMING (B)
10 V
RXC_O_A RECEIVE TIMING (A)
11 X
RXC_O_B RECEIVE TIMING (B)
1 B
SIG_GND SIGNAL GROUND
C
REQUEST TO SEND
D
CLEAR TO SEND
E
DATA SET READY
H
DATA TERMINAL READY
F
RECEIVE LINE SIGNAL DETECTOR
SHIELD A
CONN SHELL GND CHASSIS GROUND
Figure 4-10. Mux Channel – V.35 (DCE)

Voice/Data MUX 4-12
INDICATES
PC PARALLEL PORT TWISTED MUX SETUP
PAIR
(DB25M) (HD15M)
2 4
DATA 0 MICRODATA
3 3
DATA 1 MICROCLK
4 7
DATA 2 MICROSETBUS
5 5
DATA 3 MICROMEMSTORE
16 6
DATA 4 MICROCLKENM
17 9
DATA 5 MICROCLKEND
10 10
ACK DEMUXDATAOUT
12 8
RDY DATAI/O
23 14
GND GND
24 15
GND GND
SHIELD
CONN SHELL GND CONN SHELL GND
Figure 4-11. Mux Setup-PC Parallel Port
Figure 4-12. Trunk to Trunk Cable (Mux-Trunk Null)

4-13 Voice/Data MUX
4.4 Voice Module

4.4.1 Description
The Voice Module for the Internal Multiplexer accepts a user’s 4-wire loop circuit with a frequency
response from 300 Hz to 3 kHz with a standard impedance of 600 ohms in and out. It encodes
into Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) or Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM) for
interfacing with the internal multiplexer.
The audio input is adjustable from +3 to –6 dBm and the circuit output is adjustable from +3 to –6
dBm.
Physically, this module is designed and produced on a miniature circuit for mating connection
points on the 4-channel, internal multiplexer. A functional block diagram of the Voice Module is
shown below in Figure 4-13.
+5V
+20V
DC/DC
CONV -20V
DATA OUT
4-WIRE OUT DATA IN
PCM
ADPCM FRAME SYNC TX
FRAME SYNC RX
2W/4W IN
2W/4W
CODEC
SWITCH
2W OUT
CLOCKS
SIGNALLING
RELAY
IN/OUT DPDT
OFF HOOK
SIGNALLING/2W IN DETECT
OPTO SIGNALLING
COUPLER PROCESSOR FROM BUS
RING
2 WIRE IN DETECT
SWITCHES
Figure 4-13. Functional Block Diagram, Voice Module

Voice/Data MUX 4-14
4.4.2 Module Hardware

The Voice module layout is shown in Figure 4-14.
S1: Mode R26: TX Gain R27: 2-wire

balance
Figure 4-14. Voice Module Layout
Switch Settings
The Voice Card switch settings are shown in Table 4-12.
Table 4-12. Voice Module Switch Settings

Switch Off On
S1-1 See Table 4-13 below. See Table 4-13 below.
S1-2 See Table 4-13 below. See Table 4-13 below.
S1-3 A-law µ-law
S1-4 Normal Analog Loopback
S1-5 Normal 1004 Hz Tone Out
S1-6 2-wire 4-wire
S1-7 2-wire 4-wire
S1-8 4-wire 2-wire

4-15 Voice/Data MUX
Table 4-13. 2-Wire/4-Wire S1 Switch Settings

Interface Type S1-1 S1-2
2-Wire E&M Off Off
4-Wire E&M Off On
2-Wire FXO On Off
2-Wire FXS On On
4.4.3 Signaling
Referring back to Figure 4-4 in Section 4.3.1, the Voice Adapter connection to the Channel I/O is
displayed. This adapter is configured at the factory per the user specification (4-wire E&M Type
V is typical). Other interfaces are available and require a separate adapter. See Figure 4-15 for
signaling details.
TELCO INTFC MUX CHNL

RJ45-8 PIN HD15M
1 BLUE 8
E-RELAY RELAY A2
2 ORANGE 11
E-RELAY RELAY N02
2-wire Signalling: 3 BLACK 3
4 WIRE RING RING
Contact closure at pins 7&8
4 RED 13
(near end) causes a contact 4 WIRE OUT 4 WIRE OUT
closure at E-relay pins (far end) 5 GREEN 9
6 YELLOW 5
4 WIRE TIP TIP
7 BROWN 10
M-REF +10V (float)
8 WHITE 6
1-wire Signalling: M-SIGNAL OHDT-R
Tie M-REF to chassis gnd. 7
CAP COUP
Contact closure at pin 8 (near 12
CAP COUP
end) causes a contact closure 14
at E-relay pins (far end) -10V (float)
2
OHDT-C
Figure 4-15. E&M Type V Signalling
Audio Gain
The Voice Module audio gain may be adjusted on the card. See Figure 2-5 in Section 2.3 for the
proper adjustment pot location. An Extender Card to the multiplexer module must be used to
access the voice module for adjustments.
Frequency Response
Voice Card Frequency Response curves are shown below in Figure 4-16 for 32 and 64 kbps.
The analog response of the voice channel card (unity gain) channel 1, system 2 is shown.
Pertinent data: +0 dBm input from 600 ohm output into 600 ohms. 0 dBm at 1,004 Hz. A-
weighting filter +22k filter. Distortion vs. frequency is displayed at 0 dBm.

Voice/Data MUX 4-16
Moseley Associates, Inc. 10/23/98 17:02:31
+1 2
1.75
+ 0.5 1.5
1.25
d
B +0 1 %
m
0.75
-0.5 0.5
0.25
-1 0
500 1k 1.5k 2k 2.5k 3k 3.5k 4k
Hz
An a lo g res p on s e of Sta rL in k Vo ice ch an n el ca rd (un ity g a in ) ch an n el 1 o f s ys te m 2

+0 d Bm in pu t fro m 6 0 0 oh m o u tp ut in to 6 00 o h m s
0d Bm a t 1 ,0 04 H z. A-w e ig htin g filter + 22 k filte r
D is tortio n vs . fre qu e ncy at 0 dBm
vo ice.at1
Figure 4-16. Voice Card Frequency Response Curves
4.5 Async Low-Speed Data Module (RS-232)

The RS-232 Asynchronous Low-Speed Data Module interface is a plug-on card for the MUX that
provides signal conditioning for asynchronous RS-232 communications. Data rates between 300
and 38.4 K baud are available. The protocol is 8 data bits, no parity and 1 or 2 stop bits. The
interface is configured as DCE (Data Communications Equipment). Figure 4-17 below provides a
layout of the module.
S1-S8: Baud Rate, System Settings
Figure 4-17. Async Low-Speed Data Layout (RS-232)
Switch Settings
The Async Module settings are shown in Tables 4-14, 4-15 and 4-16.

4-17 Voice/Data MUX
Table 4-14. I/O Connector Pinout, Async RS-232 Module

Signal Pin No(DB-15) Type
RXD 3 Input
TXD 2 Output
RTS 7 Input
CTS 8 Output
DSR 6 Output
DTR 13 Input
DCD 15 Output
GND 9
Table 4-15. System Settings, Async RS-232 Module

Switch OFF ON
S8 Serial Parallel*
S7 Reserved* Reserved
S6 DCD on* DCD off
S5 DSR on* DSR off
* default
Table 4-16. Baud Rate Selection, Async RS-232 Module

S4 S3 S2 S1 Baud Rate
0 0 0 0 38.4K
0 0 0 1 19.2K
0 0 1 0 9600*
0 0 1 1 4800
0 1 0 0 2400
0 1 0 1 1200
0 1 1 0 600
0 1 1 1 300
* default
Note: The MUX channel rate must be higher than the selected baud rate
4.6 Sync High-Speed Data Modules

4.6.1 G.703 Synchronous High-Speed Module at 64 kbps
The G.703 Synchronous High-Speed Module interface is a plug-on module for the internal
multiplexer that provides synchronous, bi-directional G.703 communications with a data rate of 64
kbps. It complies with ITU-T recommendations: G.703 paragraph 1 and ITU-T recommendation
823. The module also performs under all G.703 conversion interface rules. The physical
electrical interface is 120 ohms impedance, balanced, or optionally 75 ohms impedance,

Voice/Data MUX 4-18
unbalanced. A G.703 board layout view is shown in Figure 4-18, and the G.703/NXE1 Adapter is
shown in Figure 4-19.
Figure 4-18. G.703 Co-Directional Line Interface Layout (930-12464-1)
Table 4-17. Jumper Settings for G.703 Codirectional Line Interface

Jumper ON OFF
E1 Ext. Clk Recovered Clk *
E2 Master Slave *
E3 Loopback Normal *
* default
Note 1: Jumper E1 selects the clock source for receiver timing. The timing source can come from
the clock recovered by the G.703 interface or the timing source can come from an
external 2.048 MHz clock.
Note 2: Only one G.703 interface can be selected as the receiver timing source. Jumper E2
should be set to MASTER on the G.703 interface that is providing the timing source. All
other interfaces should be selected as slaves. If the timing source is from an external
clock, all G.703 interfaces should be selected as slaves.
Note 3: Jumper E3 places the interface in loopback. Clock and data are looped back after
recovery and decoding.

4-19 Voice/Data MUX
Figure 4-19. G.703 Adapter (230-12536-01 A)
4.6.2 Synchronous High-Speed Data Rate Module

With data rates of 8 kbps to 2048 kbps, the signaling standard conforms to the V.35 electrical
standards. Also available are the V.11, RS-449 and EIA 530 electrical interfaces. The card is
configured as a DCE port. Transmit and receive clocks can be configured as either DCE or DTE.
4.7 Voice Termination Modules (AFXO/AFXS)

4.7.1 Central Office Line Termination
with Pay-Phone Interface Signaling Pass-through Feature
The Central Office Line Termination is an optional interface module that connects to a 4-wire
E&M voice card on the equipment side. The circuitry presents a 2-wire central office loop
adhering to the functions shown in Table 4-18 below. The 4-wire E&M interface is designed for
interconnection to Moseley’s 4-wire E&M Voice Module installed in the Moseley 4-Channel
Internal Time Division Multiplexer of the NXE1.

Voice/Data MUX 4-20
Table 4-18. 2-Wire Central Office Loop Functions

Functions
Configurable Polarity Inversion Detection

12 or 16 kHz Tone Detection (selectable)
Configurable 50 Hz Tone Detection
Opto-isolation on the incoming E lead on the equipment side
Built-in 4-wire to 2-wire hybrid
Built-in ringing generator detection
Operation from 10.5 to 16 VDC input power source
Independent polarity incoming 2-wire line interface
The Central Office Line Termination Card is a self-contained electronic circuit module. This
module plugs and interconnects to the Moseley 4-wire E&M voice module on the equipment side
and presents a 2-wire interface to the incoming central office loop with signal detection and pass-
through to the far end of a communications loop, whereas the far end is configured with a
subscriber voice terminal unit.
Configuration Settings
The operational modes are selected by internal jumpers installed and/or removed to designated
electric parameter jumper headers on the module circuit board. The jumper settings for the
Central Office Module are shown below in Table 4-19.
Table 4-19. Jumper Settings, Central Office Module

2-Wire with Rate 4F + E/M
Jumper
2-Wires Inv. Pol. 12 kHz Tone 2F + E/M
J1 O O O O
J2 O O O O
J3 C C C O
J4 O O O O
J5 O C O O
J6 C C C O
J7 O O O O
J8 O O O O
J12 O C O O
J13 O O O O
J14 O O C O
J15 O C O O
J16 C C C *
J17 O O O **
J18 O O O *
J19 C C C O
J20 C C C O
J21 O O O C

4-21 Voice/Data MUX

Jumper
2-Wires Inv. Pol. 12 kHz Tone 2F + E/M
J22 C C C O
J23 O O O C
J24 C C C O
J25 O O O C
J26 C C C O
J27 O O O C
J28 C C C O
J29 O O O C
J30 O O O C
J31 O O O **
J32 O O O **
External Wire “M”

* OFF: 12V ** OFF: -48V/-24V
ON: GND ON: OV
C: J16 and J18 C: J17, J31 and J32
O: J17, J31 and J32 O: J16 and J18
4.7.2 Subscriber Line Termination

with configurable Pay-Phone Subscriber Loop Interface
The Subscriber Line Termination is an optional interface module that connects to a 4-wire E&M
voice card on the equipment side. The circuitry presents a 2-wire subscriber loop adhering to the
functions shown in Table 4-20 below. The 4-wire E&M interface is designed for interconnection
to Moseley’s 4-wire E&M Voice Module installed in the Moseley 4-Channel Internal Time Division
Multiplexer of the NXE1.

Voice/Data MUX 4-22
Table 4-20. 2-Wire Subscriber Loop Functions

Functions
Configurable Polarity Inversion Detection

12 or 16 kHz Tone Rating (selectable)
Configurable 50 Hz Tone Rating
Operation when connected to a pay telephone
Opto-isolation on the incoming E lead on the equipment side
Built-in 4-wire to 2-wire hybrid
Built-in 25 Hz ringing generator
Built-in Loop Supply
Off-Hook detection of subscriber telephone set
Operation from 10.5 to 16 VDC input power source
The Subscriber Line Termination Card is a self-contained electronic circuit module. This module
plugs and interconnects to the Moseley 4-wire E&M voice module on the equipment side and
presents a 2-wire subscriber loop with signal emulation from the central office end of a
communications loop, whereas the central office end is configured with a central office voice
terminal unit.
4.8 Configuration Settings

The operational modes are selected by internal jumpers installed and/or removed to designated
electric parameter jumper headers on the module circuit board. The jumper settings for the
Subscriber Line Module are shown below in Table 4-21.

4-23 Voice/Data MUX
Table 4-21. Jumper Settings, Subscriber Line Module

1 Jump
er 2-Wires Inv. Pol. 12 kHz Tone 2F + E/M
J1 C C O C
J2 O O C O
J3 C C O C
J4 O O C O
J6 C C C O
J7 C C C O
J8 O O O O
J9 C C C O
J12 C C C C
J13 O O O O
J14 C C C C
J16 O O O O
J17 C C C O
J18 C C C O
J21 O O O C
J22 C C C O
J23 O O O O
J24 C C C O
J26 O O O C
J27 C C C O
J28 O O C O
J29 O O C O
J31 C C C O
J32 O O O C
J33 O O O C
J34 C C C O
J35 O O O C
J36 O O O C
J37 O O O C
J38 O O O *
J39 O O O O
J40 O O O *
J41 O C C O
J42 O C C O
J43 O O O **
J44 O O O O
J45 O O O **
J46 O O O **
External Wire “M”

* OFF: 12V ** OFF: -48V/-24V
ON: GND ON: OV
C: J38 and J40 C: J43, J45 and J46
O: J43, J45 and J46 O: J38 and J40

Voice/Data MUX 4-24
4.8.1 Voice Termination (AFXO/AFXS) Interface Cable and Adapter
Figure 4-20. Mux Voice to AFXO/AFXS Cable Assembly

230-12534-01 A
Figure 4-21. AFXO/AFXS Adapter (230-12533-01 A)

5 Appendix
5.1 Path Evaluation Information
5.1.1 Introduction
5.1.1.1 Line of Site

For the proposed installation sites, one of the most important immediate tasks is to determine
whether line-of-site is available. The easiest way to determine line-of-site is simply to visit one of
the proposed antenna locations and look to see that the path to the opposite location is clear of
obstructions. For short distances, this may be done easily with the naked eye, while sighting over
longer distances may require the use of binoculars. If locating the opposing site is difficult, you
may want to try using a mirror, strobe light, flag, weather balloon or compass (with prior
knowledge of site coordinates).
5.1.1.2 Refraction
Because the path of a radio beam is often referred to as line-of-site, it is often thought of as a
straight line in space from transmitting to receiving antenna. The fact that it is neither a line, nor
is the path straight, leads to the rather involved explanations of its behavior.
A radio beam and a beam of light are similar in that both consist of electromagnetic energy; the
difference in their behavior is principally due to the difference in frequency. A basic characteristic
of electromagnetic energy is that it travels in a direction perpendicular to the plane of constant
phase; i.e., if the beam were instantaneously cut at right angle to the direction of travel, a plane of
uniform phase would be obtained. If, on the other hand, the beam entered a medium of non-
uniform density and the lower portion of the beam traveled through the denser portion of the
medium, its velocity would be less than that of the upper portion of the beam. The plane of
uniform phase would then change, and the beam would bend downward. This is refraction, just
as a light beam is refracted when it moves through a prism.
The atmosphere surrounding the earth has the non-uniform characteristics of temperature,
pressure, and relative humidity, which are the parameters that determine the dielectric constant,
and therefore the velocity of radio wave propagation. The earth’s atmosphere is therefore the
refracting medium that tends to make the radio horizon appear closer or farther away.
5.1.1.3 Fresnel Zones

The effect of obstacles, both in and near the path, and the terrain, has a bearing on the
propagation of radio energy from one point to another. The nature of these effects depends upon
many things, including the position, shape, and height of obstacles, nature of the terrain, and
whether the effects of concern are primary or secondary effects.
Primary effects, caused by an obstacle that blocks the direct path, depend on whether it is totally
or partially blocking, whether the blocking is in the vertical or the horizontal plane, and the shape
and nature of the obstacle.
The most serious of the secondary effect is reflection from surfaces in or near the path, such as
the ground or structures. For shallow angle microwave reflections, there will be a 180° (half
wavelength) phase shift at the reflection point. Additionally, reflected energy travels farther and

Appendix 5-2
arrives later, directly increasing the phase delay. The difference in distance traveled by the direct
waves and the reflected waves, expressed in wavelengths of the carrier frequency, is added to
the half wavelength delay caused by reflection. Upon arrival at the receiving antenna, the
reflected signal is likely to be out of phase with the direct signal, and may tend to add to or cancel
the direct signal. The extent of direct signal cancellation (or augmentation) by a reflected signal
depends on the relative powers of the direct and the reflected signals, and on the phase angle
between them.
Maximum augmentation will occur when the signals are exactly in phase. This will be the case
when the total phase delay is equal to one wavelength (or equal to any integer multiple of the
carrier wavelength); this will also be the case when the distance traveled by the reflected signal is
longer than the direct path by an odd number multiple of one-half wavelength. Maximum
cancellation will occur when the signals are exactly out of phase, or when the phase delay is an
odd multiple of one-half wavelength, which will occur when the reflected waves travel an integer
multiple of the carrier wavelength farther than the direct waves. Note that the first cancellation
maximum on a shallow angle reflective path will occur when the phase delay is one and one-half
wavelengths, caused by a path one wavelength longer than the direct path.
The direct radio path, in the simplest case, follows a geometrically straight line from transmitting
antenna to receiving antenna. However, geometry shows that there exist an infinite number of
points from which a reflected ray reaching the receiving antenna will be out of phase with the
direct rays by exactly one wavelength. In ideal conditions, these points form an ellipsoid of
revolution, with the transmitting and receiving antennas at the foci. This ellipsoid is defined as the
first Fresnel zone. Any waves reflected from a surface that coincides with a point on the first
Fresnel zone, and received by the receiving antenna, will be exactly in phase with the direct rays.
This zone should not be violated by intruding obstructions, except by specific design amounts.
The first Fresnel zone, or more accurately the first Fresnel zone radius, is defined as the
perpendicular distance from the direct ray line to the ellipsoidal surface at a given point along the
microwave path. It is calculated as follows:
F1 = 2280 × [(d1×d2) / (f × (d1+d2))]½ feet
Where,
d1 and d2 = distances in statute miles from a given point on a microwave

path to the ends of the path (or path segment).
f = frequency in MHz.
F1 = first Fresnel zone radius in feet.
There are in addition, of course, the second, third, fourth, etc. Fresnel zones, and these may be
easily computed, at the same point along the microwave path, by multiplying the first Fresnel
zone radius by the square root of the desired Fresnel zone number. All odd numbered Fresnel
zones are additive, and all even numbered Fresnel zones are canceling.

5-3 Appendix
5.1.1.4 K Factors
The matter of establishing antenna elevations to provide minimum fading would be relatively
simple was it not for atmospheric effects. The antennas could easily be placed at elevations
somewhere between free space loss and first Fresnel zone clearance over the predominant
surface or obstruction, reflective or not, and the transmission would be expected to remain stable.
Unfortunately, the effective terrain clearance changes, due to changes in the air dielectric with
consequent changes in refractive bending.
As described earlier, the radio beam is almost never a precisely straight line. Under a given set of
meteorological conditions, the microwave ray may be represented conveniently by a straight line
instead of a curved line if the ray is drawn on a fictitious earth representation of radius K times
that of earth's actual radius. The K factor in propagation is thus the ratio of effective earth radius
to actual earth radius. The K factor depends on the rate of change of refractive index with height
and is given as:
K = 157/157+dN/dh
Where,
N is the radio refractivity of air.

dN/dh is the gradient of N per kilometer.
The radio refractivity of air for frequencies up to 30 GHz is given as:
N = (77.6P/T) + (3.73 x 105 )(e/T2)
Where,
P = total atmospheric pressure in millibars.

T = absolute temperature in degrees Kelvin.
e = partial pressure of water vapor in millibars.
The P/T term is frequently referred to as the "dry" term and the e/T2 term
as the "wet" term.
K factors of 1 are equivalent to no ray bending, while K factors above 1 are equivalent to ray
bending away from the earth's surface and K factors below 1 (earth bulging) are equivalent to ray
bending towards the earth's surface. The amount of earth bulge at a given point along the path
is given by:

Appendix 5-4
h = (2d1xd2)/3K
Where,
h = earth bulge in feet from the flat-earth reference.

d1 = distance in miles (statute) from a given end of the microwave path to
an arbitrary point along the path.
d2 = distance in miles (statute) from the opposite end of the microwave
path to the same arbitrary point along the path.
K = K-factor considered.
Three K values are of particular interest in this connection:

1. Minimum value to be expected over the path. This determines the degree of "earth
bulging" and directly affects the requirements for antenna height. It also establishes
the lower end of the clearance range over which reflective path analysis must be
made, in the case of paths where reflections are expected.
2. Maximum value to be expected over the path. This leads to greater than normal
clearance and is of significance primarily on reflective paths, where it establishes the
upper end of the clearance range over which reflective analysis must be made.
3. Median or "normal" value to be expected over the path. Clearance under this
condition should be at least sufficient to give free space propagation on non-reflective
paths. Additionally, on paths with significant reflections, the clearance under normal
conditions should not fall at or near an even Fresnel zone.
For most applications the following criteria are considered acceptable:
K = 1.33 and CF = 1.0 F1
K = 1.0 and CF = 0.6 F1
K = 0.67 and CF = 0.3 F1
Where CF is the Fresnel zone clearance and F1 is the first Fresnel zone radius.
5.1.1.5 Path Profiles

Using ground elevation information obtained from the topographical map, a path profile should be
prepared using either true earth or 4/3 earth's radius graph paper. To obtain a clear path, all
obstacles in the path of the rays must be cleared by a distance of 0.6 of the first Fresnel zone
radius. Be sure to include recently erected structures, such as buildings, towers, water tanks,
and so forth, that may not appear on the map. Draw a straight line on the path profile clearing
any obstacle in the path by the distance determined above. This line will then indicate the
required antenna and/or tower height necessary at each end. If it is impossible to provide the
necessary clearance for a clear path, a minimum clearance of 30 feet should be provided. Any
path with less than 0.6 first Fresnel zone clearance, but more than 30 feet can generally be
considered a grazing path.

5-5 Appendix
5.1.2 Path Analysis
5.1.2.1 Overview
Path analysis is the means of determining the system performance as a function of the desired
path length, required equipment configuration, prevailing terrain, climate, and characteristics of
the area under consideration. The path analysis takes into account these parameters and yields
the net system performance, referred to as path availability (or path reliability). Performing a
path analysis allows you to specify the antenna sizes required to achieve the required path
availability.
A path analysis is often the first thing done in a feasibility study. The general evaluation can be
performed before expending resources on a more detailed investigation.
The first order of business for performing a path analysis is to complete a balance sheet of gains
and losses of the radio signal as it travels from the transmitter to the receiver. "Gain" refers to an
increase in output signal power relative to input signal power, while "loss" refers to signal
attenuation, or a reduction in power level ("loss" does not refer to total interruption of the signal).
Both gains and losses are measured in decibels (dB and dBm), the standard unit of signal
power.
The purpose of completing the balance sheet is to determine the power level of the received
signal as it enters the receiver electronics—in the absence of multipath and rain fading; this is
referred to as the unfaded received signal level. Once this is known, the fade margin of the
system can be determined. The fade margin is the difference between the unfaded received
signal level and the receiver sensitivity (the minimum signal level required for proper receiver
operation).
The fade margin is the measure of how much signal attenuation due to multipath and rain fading
can be accommodated by the radio system while still achieving a minimum level of performance.
In other words, the fade margin is the safety margin against loss of transmission, or transmission
outage.
5.1.2.2 Losses
Although the atmosphere and terrain over which a radio beam travels have a modifying effect on
the loss in a radio path, there is, for a given frequency and distance, a characteristic loss. This
loss increases with both distance and frequency. It is known as the free space loss and is given
by:
A = 96.6 + 20log10F + 20log10D

Where,
A = free space attenuation between isotropics in dB.
F = frequency in GHz.
D = path distance in miles.
5.1.2.3 Path Balance Sheet/System Calculations

A typical form for recording the gains and losses for a microwave path is shown in Section 5.2.7.
Recall that the purpose of this tabulation is to determine the fade margin of the proposed radio
system. The magnitude of the fade margin is used in subsequent calculations of path availability
(up time).

Appendix 5-6
The following instructions will aid you in completing the Path Calculation Balance Sheet (see
Section 5.2.7):
Instructions
A. Line 1. Enter the power output of the transmitter in dBm. Examples: 5w = +37.0 dBm,
6.5w = +38.0 dBm, 7w = +38.5 dBm, 8w = +39.0 dBm (dBm = 30 + 10 Log Po [in watts]).
For the standard 9003Q, enter +30 dBm for 64 QAM and +33 dBm for 16 QAM operation.
B. Lines 2 & 3. Enter Transmitter and Receiver antenna gains over an isotropic source.
Refer to the Antenna Gain table below for the power gain of the antenna. Note: If the
manufacturer quotes a gain in dBd (referred to a dipole), dBi is approximately dBd +1.1
dB.
Table 5-1
Typical Antenna Gain
ANTENNA TYPE 450 MHz BAND 950 MHz BAND
5 element Yagi 12 dBi 12 dBi
Paraflector 16 dBi 20 dBi
4' Dish* (1.2 m) 13 dBi 19 dBi
6' Dish* (1.8 m) 17 dBi 23 dBi
8' Dish* (2.4 m) 19 dBi 25 dBi
10' Dish* (3.0 m) 22 dBi 27 dBi
C. Line 4. Total lines 1, 2, and 3, and enter here. This is the total gain in the proposed
system.
D. Line 5. Enter amount of free space path loss as determined by the formula given in
Section 5.2.2, or see the table below.

5-7 Appendix
Table 5-2
Free Space Loss
DISTANCE 450 MHz 950 MHz
5 Miles (8 km) 104 dB 110 dB
10 Miles (16 km) 110 dB 116 dB
15 Miles (24 km) 114 dB 120 dB
20 Miles (32 km) 116 dB 122 dB
25 Miles (40 km) 118 dB 124 dB
30 Miles (48 km) 120 dB 126 dB
E. Line 6. Enter the total transmitter transmission line loss. Typical losses can be found in
Table 5-3.
Table 5-3
Transmission Line Loss
FREQUENCY LDF4-50 LDF5-50
BAND (per 100 meters) (per 100 meters)
330 MHz 4.6 dB 2.4 dB
450 MHz 5.5 dB 2.9 dB
470 MHz 5.7 dB 3.0 dB
950 MHz 8.3 dB 4.6 dB
F. Line 7. Enter the total receiver transmission line loss (see Table 5-3 above).
G. Line 8. Enter the total connector losses. A nominal figure of -0.5 dB is reasonable
(based on 0.125 dB/mated pair).
H. Line 9. Enter all other miscellaneous losses here. Such losses might include power
dividers, duplexers, diplexers, isolators, isocouplers, and the like. Losses are up to 1.5
dB per terminal. These only apply for full duplex systems. These depend on the type of
filter used. If the bandpass filters are used, the Tx and Rx losses are 0.75 dB. If the
Notch filters are used, the losses are 1.5 dB. For even coupler MHSB applications, add 3
dB power divider losses.
I. Line 10. Enter obstruction losses due to knife-edge obstructions, etc.
J. Line 11. Total lines 5 to 10 and enter here. This is the total loss in the proposed system.
K. Line 12. Enter the total gain from line 4.

Appendix 5-8
L. Line 13. Enter the total loss from line 11.

M. Line 14. Subtract line 13 from line 12. This is the unfaded signal level to be expected at
the receiver. (Convert from dBm to microvolts here for reference).
N. Line 15. Using the information found in Table 5-4 and 5-5 below, enter here the minimum
signal required for 1x10E-3 BER.
Table 5-4. NXE1 System Performance vs. Data Rate

Data Rate (kbps) 64 128 384 768 1544 2048 2xE1 4xE1
Rx signal (dBm),
-105 -101 -97 -95 -94 -93 -90 -87
16 QAM
Occupied (FCC)
25 50 100 200 450 600 1200 2400
Spectrum (kHz)
ETSI Channel (kHz) 25 75 250‡ 250 500 500 1000 2000
‡ Due to ETSI sensitivity specifications, this is QPSK mode only.

Sensitivity is –102 dBm.
For other modulation rates relative to 16 QAM, see Table 5-5.
Table 5-5. NXE1 Modulation rates relative to 16 QAM

Modulation Type Threshold Differential Normalized Bandwidth
QPSK -3 dB 2.0
16 QAM 0 dB 1.0
32 QAM +1.5 dB 0.80
64 QAM +4 dB 0.67
O. Line 16. Subtract line 15 from line 14 and enter here. This is the amount of fade margin
in the system.
P. Line 17. Enter the Terrain Factor.
a (terrain factor)
= 4 for smooth terrain.
= 1 for average terrain.
= 1/4 for mountainous, very rough, or very dry terrain.

5-9 Appendix
Q. Line 18. Enter the Climate Factor.
b (climate factor)
= 1/2 for Gulf coast or similar hot, humid areas.
= 1/4 for normal interior temperate or northern regions.
= 1/8 for mountainous or very dry areas.
R. Line 19. Enter the minimum Annual Outage (from Table 5-6).
S. Line 20. Enter the Reliability percentage (from Table 5-6).
5.1.2.4 Path Availability and Reliability

For a given path, the system reliability is generally worked out on methods based on the work of
Barnett and Vigants. The presentation here has now been superseded by CCIR 338-6 that
establishes a slightly different reliability model. The new model is more difficult to use and, for
most purposes, yields very similar results. For mathematical convenience, we will use fractional
probability (per unit) rather than percentage probability, and will deal with the unavailability or
outage parameter, designated by the symbol U. The availability parameter, for which we use
the symbol A, is given by (1-U). Reliability, in percent, as commonly used in the microwave
community, is given by 100A, or 100(1-U).
Non-Diversity Annual Outages
Let Undp be the non-diversity annual outage probability for a given path. We start with a term r,
defined by Barnett as follows:
r = actual fade probability/Rayleigh fade probability ( =10-F/10)
Where,
F = fade margin, to the minimum acceptable point, in dB.

Appendix 5-10
For the worst month, the fade probability due to terrain is given by:
rm = a x 10-5 x (f/4) x D3
Where,
D = path length in miles.

f = frequency in GHz.
a (terrain factor)
= 4 for smooth terrain.
= 1 for average terrain.
= 1/4 for mountainous, very rough, or very dry terrain.
Over a year, the fade probability due to climate is given by:
ryr = b x rm
Where,
b (climate factor)
= 1/2 for Gulf coast or similar hot, humid areas.
= 1/4 for normal interior temperate or northern regions.
= 1/8 for mountainous or very dry areas.
By combining the three equations and noting that Undp is equal to the actual fade probability, for a
given fade margin F, we can write:
Undp = ryr x 10-F/10 = b x rm x 10-F/10
or
Undp = a x b x 2.5 x 10-6 x f x 10D3 x 10-F/10
See Table 5-6 for the relationship between system reliability and outage time.

5-11 Appendix
Table 5-6
Relationship Between System Reliability & Outage Time
RELIABILITY OUTAGE OUTAGE TIME PER:
(%) TIME (%) YEAR MONTH (Avg.) DAY

0 100 8760 Hr 720 hr 24 hr
50 50 4380 Hr 360 hr 12 hr
80 20 1752 hr 144 hr 4.8 hr
90 10 876 hr 72 hr 2.4 hr
95 5 438 hr 36 hr 1.2 hr
98 2 175 hr 14 hr 29 min
99 1 88 hr 7 hr 14.4 min
99.9 0.1 8.8 hr 43 min 1.44 min
99.99 0.01 53 min 4.3 min 8.6 sec
99.999 0.001 5.3 min 26 sec 0.86 sec
99.9999 0.0001 32 Sec 2.6 sec 0.086 sec
5.1.2.5 Methods Of Improving Reliability

If adequate reliability cannot be achieved by use of a single antenna and frequency, space
diversity or frequency diversity (or both) can be used. To achieve space diversity, two antennas
are used to receive the signal. For frequency diversity, transmission is done on two different
frequencies. For each case the two received signals will not experience fades at the same time.
The exact amount of diversity improvement depends on antenna spacing and frequency spacing.
5.1.2.6 Availability Requirements
Table 5-7
Fade Margins Required for 99.99% Reliability,
Terrain Factor of 4.0, and Climate Factor of 0.5
DISTANCE 450 MHz BAND 950 MHz BAND
5 Miles (8 km) 7 dB 10 dB
10 Miles (16 km) 17 dB 20 dB
15 Miles (24 km) 22 dB 25 dB
20 Miles (32 km) 27 dB 30 dB
25 Miles (40 km) 29 dB 32 dB
30 Miles (48 km) 32 dB 35 dB

Appendix 5-12
5.1.2.7 Path Calculation Balance Sheet
Frequency of operation GHz Distance Miles
SYSTEM GAINS
1. Transmitter Power Output dBm
2. Transmitter Antenna Gain + dBi
3. Receiver Antenna Gain + dBi
4. Total Gain (sum of lines 1, 2, 3) dB
SYSTEM LOSSES
5. Path loss ( miles) - dB
6. Transmission Line Loss TX
(Total Ft ; dB/100 ft) - dB
7. Transmission Line Loss RX
(Total Ft U ; dB/100 ft) - dB
8. Connector Loss (Total) - dB
9. Branching losses - dB
10. Obstruction losses - dB
11. Total loss (sum of lines 5 through 10) dB
SYSTEM CALCULATIONS
12. Total Gain (line 4) + dBm
13. Total Loss (line 11) - dB
14. Effective Received Signal
(line 12-line 13) ( uV) dBm
15. Minimum Signal Required (BER = 1X10E-4) - dBm
16. Fade Margin (line 14-line 15) dB
17. Terrain Factor
18. Climate Factor
19. Annual Outage min.
20. Reliability %

5-13 Appendix
5.2 Abbreviations & Acronyms

A/D, ADC Analog-to-Digital, Analog-to-Digital Converter
ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation
AES/EBU Audio Engineering Society/European Broadcast Union
AGC Auto Gain Control
ATM Automatic Teller Machine
BER Bit Error Rate
CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio
Codec Coder-Decoder
CPFSK Continuous-Phase Frequency Shift Keying
CSU Channel Service Unit
D/A, DAC Digital-to-Analog, Digital-to-Analog Converter
DB Decibel
DBc Decibel relative to carrier
DBm Decibel relative to 1 mW
DBu Decibel relative to .775 Vrms
DCE Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DSTL Digital Studio-Transmitter Link
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
DVM Digital Voltmeter
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
ESD Electrostatic Discharge/Electrostatic Damage
FEC Forward Error Correction
FET Field effect transistor
FMO Frequency Modulation Oscillator
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
FT1 Fractional T1
IC Integrated circuit
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IF Intermediate frequency
IMD Intermodulation Distortion
ISDN Integrated-Services Digital Network
Kbps Kilobits per second

Appendix 5-14
KHz Kilohertz
LED Light-emitting diode
LO, LO1 Local oscillator, first local oscillator
LSB Least significant bit
Mbps Megabits per second
Modem Modulator-demodulator
Ms Millisecond
MSB Most significant bit
MUX Multiplex, Multiplexer
µs Microsecond
µV Microvolts
NC Normally closed
NMS Network Management System
NO Normally open
PCB Printed circuit board
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PGM Program
PLL Phase-Locked Loop
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
R Transmission Rate
RF Radio Frequency
RPTR Repeater
RSL Received Signal Level (in dBm)
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator/Indication
RX Receiver
SCA Subsidiary Communications Authorization
SCADA Security Control and Data Acquisition
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SRD Step Recovery Diode
STL Studio-Transmitter Link
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
THD Total harmonic distortion
TP Test Point
TTL Transistor-transistor logic
TX Transmitter
Vrms Volts root-mean-square

5-15 Appendix
Vp Volts peak
Vp-p Volts peak-to-peak
VRMS Volts, root-mean-square
VSWR Voltage standing-wave ratio
ZIN Input Impedance

ZOUT Output Impedance
5.3 Conversion Chart

microvolts to dBm (impedance = 50 ohms)
microvolts dBm microvolts dBm
0.10 -127.0 180 -61.9
0.25 -119.0 200 -61.0
0.50 -113.0 250 -59.0
0.70 -110.1 300 -57.4
1.0 -107.0 350 -56.1
1.4 -104.1 400 -54.9
2.0 -101.0 450 -53.9
2.5 -99.0 500 -53.0
3.0 -97.4 600 -51.4
3.5 -96.1 700 -50.1
4.0 -94.9 800 -48.9
4.5 -93.9 900 -47.9
5.0 -93.0 1,000 -47.0
6.0 -91.4 1,200 -45.4
7.0 -90.1 1,400 -44.1
8.0 -88.9 1,600 -42.9
9.0 -87.9 1,800 -41.9
10 -87.0 2,000 -41.0
11 -86.2 2,500 -39.0
12 -85.4 3,000 -37.4
14 -84.1 3,500 -36.1
16 -82.9 4,000 -34.9
18 -81.9 4,500 -33.9
20 -81.0 5,000 -33.0

Appendix 5-16
microvolts dBm microvolts dBm

25 -79.0 6,000 -31.4
30 -77.4 7,000 -30.1
35 -76.1 8,000 -28.9
40 -74.9 9,000 -27.9
45 -73.9 10,000 -27.0
50 -73.0 22.36 mV -20 (10 mW)
60 -71.4 70.7 mV -10(100 mW)
70 -70.1 223.6 mV 0 (1 mW)
80 -68.9 707.1 mV +10 (10mW)
90 -67.9 2.23 V +20(100 mW)
100 -67.0 7.07 V +30 (1 W)
120 -65.4 15.83 V +37 (5 W)
140 -64.1 22.36 V +40 (10 W)
160 -62.9

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User Manual

NXE1 Digital Radio

NXE1 Manual Dwg # 602-13068-01; Revision Levels:

SECTION DWG REV REVISED/

NXE1 602-13068-01 A HLJ

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

1 SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS & DESCRIPTION ................................................................. 1-1

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

3 FRONT PANEL OPERATION ....................................................................................................... 3-1

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

4.6.2 Synchronous High-Speed Data Rate Module.............................................................4-19

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Figure 1-1. NXE1 Modular Open Architecture

1.2 System Features

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

1.3 Typical Configurations

Table 1-1. NXE1 Data Channel Configurations

2 Mbps-8 Mbps 4xE1/T1 MUX 4 G.703, E1/T1, V.35, RS-449

64 kbps-2 Mbps Voice/Data MUX 4 V.35, RS-449, RS-232

64 kbps-34 Mbps QAM Modem 1 V.35, RS-449, E1/T1

1.3.2 Standalone Operation

Figure 1-2. NXE1 Standalone Configuration

1.3.3 Hot Standby (Protected) Operation

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Figure 1-4. NXE1 Hot Standby – Single 3RU Chassis

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

1.4 NXE1 Specifications

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Table 1-2. NXE1 System Performance vs. Data Rate

ETSI Channel (kHz) 25 75 250* 250 500 500 1000 2000

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

Table 1-3. NXE1 Modulation rates relative to 16 QAM

32 QAM +1.5 dB 0.80

1.4.4 FCC Spectral Emission Masks

Figure 1-5 500 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 74)

Fig 1-5 a. 1408 kbps @ 16 QAM

Fig 1-5 b. 1536 kbps @ 16 QAM

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Fig 1-5 c. 1536 kbps @ 64 QAM

Fig 1-5 d. 2048 Kbps @ 32 QAM

Fig 1-5 e. 2048 Kbps @ 64 QAM

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

Figure 1-6 300 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 74)

Fig 1-6 a. 1408 kbps @ 64 QAM

Figure 1-7 250 KHz Allocation (FCC Part 74)

Fig 1-7 a. 1024 kbps @ 64 QAM

Fig 1-7 b. 1024 kbps @ 32 QAM

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Figure 1-8 200 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 101)

Fig 1-8 a. 768 kbps @ 32 QAM

Figure 1-9 100 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 101)

Fig 1-9 a. 384 kbps @ 32 QAM

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

Figure 1-10 50 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 101)

Fig 1-10 a. 192 kbps @ 32 QAM

Figure 1-11 25 kHz Allocation (FCC Part 101)

Fig 1-11 a. 64 kbps @ 16 QAM

1.4.5 ETSI Spectral Emission Masks

NXE1 Digital Radio 602-13068-01 Rev A

Fig 1-11 a. 8448 kbps @ 32 QAM

Fig 1-11 b. 4224 kbps @ 32 QAM

602-13068-01 Rev A NXE1 Digital Radio

Fig 1-11 c. 2048 kbps @ 32 QAM