IRENT – Readers Edition

Galatians
Updated
r.2.3.2

2/24/2018 2:10 PM


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Alas, time and tomorrow do not wait for us!

 ISSN 1943-0345
IRENT – Galatians – Readers Edition

IRENT
An Invitation to Reading in English – N.T.
[The New Covenant in Yeshua the Mashiah]

Vol. II – A. Pauline Epistles

No. 5

To the Galatians
(Readers Edition)

安路者 Ahnrojah Books 2014

Read IRENT
2008
ISSN 1943-0345

IRENT Vol. II-A. No. 5. (Gal – Readers Edition)

2014

Ahnrojah Books

The basic text of this IRENT is available free to all for their personal use. The text is
continually updated and uploaded at http://tiny.cc/bostonreaders .
 IRENT Vol. II-A – Pauline Epistles (14x)

‘Fifth Gospel’@ (IRENT Vol. II-A, No. 1)

— Hebrews (the 14th of Pauline)
Major Epistles (IRENT Vol. II-A, No. 2, 3, 4, 5)
— Romans; 1 Corinthians; 2 Corinthians; Galatians,

Captivity Epistles (IRENT Vol. II-A, IRENT Vol. II, No. 6, 7, 8)

— Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians
Early Epistles (IRENT Vol. II-A, No. 9, 10)
— 1 Thessalonians; 2 Thessalonians
Pastoral and Personal Epistles (IRENT Vol. II-A, No. 11, 12, 13, 14)
— 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy and Titus.
— Philemon (a personal letter written during his imprisonment)

@
‘Fifth Gospel’ – in the lane of the canonical Gospels. The so-called Gospel of
Thomas which the pseudo-Christian Jesus Seminar fellows take as canonanical. A
translation byStephen Patterson (1998) was titled as The Fifth Gospel: The Gosple
of Thomas Comes of Age. However, it is a Gonstic product, not canonical Gospel.
www.etsjets.org/files/JETS-PDFs/49/49-1/JETS_49-1_67-80_Perrin.pdf

Cf. Nicholas Perrin, “Thomas: The Fifth Gospel?” [Cf. a German fiction called
‘The Fifth Gospel’ (Das fünfte Evangelium) by Philipp Vannderberg – in the line
of another popular fiction The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown 10 years later.]
Overview/Outlines
 Epistle to the Galatians

(Gal 1)

I. Greeting

Paulos’ Greeting

Gal 1:1-5 Greeting

1:1 From: Paulosa – apostle commissioned not from hmen,
 neither through the authority of a manb
but through Yeshua and Elohim the Father,
who raised Him from among the dead –
1:2
and all the fellow brethren who are with me:
To: the Mashian Communitiesc
in [the Roman Province of] GALATIA:
1:3
Grace and peace to yoů
from Elohim {our⇄} Father and {⇄our} Lord Yeshua Mashiah,
1:4
who gave Himself [as Pesach sacrifice] for our sins,
to rescue us out of this present evil system of the world,
according to the will of the Elohim – yes, our Father:
1:5
To whom is the glory forever and ever. Amen.

a
1:1 Paulos ░░ /> Paul; [Hebrew name was ‘Shaul’ (/Saul) – Act 13:9]
b
1:2 not through a man ░░ [this does not mean as Bruce Metzer claimed that here Paul distinguishes
'Jesus Christ' from mean and ranges him with God the Father.]
c
1:2 Mashiahn communities ░░ /congregations; />> churches;
Gal 1:6 You’ve turned away from the Gospel!
1:6 I am shocked that yoů are so quickly turning away
from that which called yoů in the grace {of Mashiah}
and going off after a different gospel;
1:7
not that there really is another one;
but there are some who are causing yoů disturbed
and want to distort the very Gospel of the Mashiah.
1:8
But if ever we ((or an angel from heaven)),
should bring good news {to yoů}
contrary to what we have brought as good news to yoů,
let him be an anathemad!
1:9
As we have just said, right now let me say again:
<if anyone brings good news to yoů
other than the very one yoů have already received,
let them+ be an anathema>.
1:10
Indeed, do yoů suppose that, right now,
I’m striving to win approval from men rather than the Elohim?
Or is it men I’m trying to please?
Surely, if it were still men I was seeking to please,
I would not be what I am, a bond-servant belonging to Mashiah.

II. Apologia

Apologia of Paulos

Gal 1:11 God’s call of Paul

1:11 Now, I want yoů to know, fellow° brethren,
that the gospel which was brought by me as good news
is not in accordance with man.
1:12
Truth is that I myself have neither received,
nor learned it [at all] from man,
but [it came to me only]
through God's revealinge Yeshua the Mashiah. [1Co 11:23]
1:13
Indeed, yoů have heard of my former conduct
[carried out] in Yehudismf —
how intensively I persecuted
the Apostolic Mashian Communityg of the Elohim
and tried to make havoc of it:
d
1:8, 9 Let him be an anathema ░░ [i.e. ‘Let God's judgment be on him’]
e 1:13, 14 revealing Yeshua ░░ [Judaic faith (way of life)] /x: a revelation of Jesus; /x: revelation from Jesus – NIV,
HCSB; /x: revelation by Jesus – NWT;
f 1:13, 14 Yehudism ░░ (Ioudaismos) [Judaic faith (way of life)] />> Judaism – most [anachronistic]
g 1:13 Apostolic Mashian Community of the Elohim ░░ (ekklesias) [= ‘corporate Body of Mashiah] /God’s Messianic

Community – JNT; /x: assembly – SourceNT; /x: Assembly - ALT; /> congregation – NWT; /> Church – TCNT, PNT;
/> church – KJV, most (-anachronistic); /
1:14
and how I progressed further in our Yehudism
than many of my own people in my age group,
being a far more ardent person
for the religious tradition of my forefathers.
1:15
But when {the Elohim}
— who set me apart even ☼since in my mother's womb
and called me through His grace —
was well-pleased
1:16
to reveal His Son in me,
that I should be bringing good news of Him among the Gentiles,
I did not go to any of mortal flesh and bloodh for advice;
1:17
I didn’t even go up to Yerusalemi
to see those who were apostles before I came to be one:
but at once I went off to ARABIA, [the land of Midian], j [4:25]
and [later] I returned to Damascus.

Gal 1:18 Paul and the Yerusalem Apostles

1:18 Then, after three years
I went up to Yerusalem to visit and put inquiry to Kefa [cf. 2:9]
and stayed with him fifteen days.
1:19
But other apostles I did not see
except Yaakob the brother of the Lord. [Act 15:13; 21:18]
1:20
((Now, about these things I have just written to yoů,
yoů should see this — in the sight of the Elohim, I am not lying.))

1:21 Then after that visit I went north to the regions of SURIA and CILICIA.
1:22
As I was still unknown by face
even to the Mashian congregations there in JUDEA:
1:23
I found the people here only knew me by reputation:
<The one who used to persecute us is now bringing good news
of the very faith he once tried to destroy>;
1:24
and because of me they kept praising the Elohim.
h 1:17 any of mortal flesh and blood ░░ [i.e. any of mere human being]; /flesh and blood; /any human being; /anyone;
i 1:17 Yerusalem ░░ /Jerusalem; /Heb. Yerushalayim
j 1:17 ARABIA the land of Midian ░░ [where the Mount Sinai of the Exoduas was located – Gal 4:25]
(Gal 2)
2:1 Then, fourteen years later, I went up to Yerusalem again, [cf. 1:18]
this time with Barnabas, taking Titus along as well.
2:2
I did so in obedience to a revelation
to present before the men the very Gospel
which I have been proclaiming among the Gentiles
— in private meeting, however,
with those respected there [cf. v.6, 9] —
[I wanted to make sure we were in mutual understanding],
lest my labor in the present or in the past
would be for nothing.
2:3
No, [in fact, they were supporitve.] No attempt was made
[as we had somehow worried]
to enforce requirement of brit-milah,a
not even in the case of my companion Titus,
who was a Greek, a Gentile.
2:4
In fact, this incidence would never have occurred
had it not been that certain false brethren
who were brought in under false pretenses,
and wormed their way in to spy on our freedom
that we have in Mashiah Yeshua,
in attempt to bring us into bondage [of Yehudim tradition].
2:5
To the demands of them, [the false prophets],
not even for a moment we did cave in;
the truth of the Gospel was to remain continually with yoů.
2:6 Now, [speaking of what came out]
from those respected highly to be something of importance [cf. v.2; ≈9]
((whether they really were or not, has no weight with me:
it is not appearance of men such highly regarded
that the Elohim is impressed with!))
well, to what I presented, yoů see, none of these respected ones
had anything more to add [concerning the Gospel message].
2:7
But [unlike the rest of these]
on the contrary,
when it became realized that I had been entrusted
with [proclaiming] the [very same] Gospel
to those who are uncircumcised,
just as Kefa was entrusted with proclaiming it
to those who are circumcised [= the Yehudm]
2:8
((yes, the very One having worked through Kefa
to be an apostle to those who are circumcised
have also worked through me to be an apostle to the Gentiles));
a
2:3 something of brit-milah ░░ /circumcision;
2:9
and, having recognized, too, the grace
which has been given to me,
there, Yaakob [brother of the Lord] (1:19)
and KEFAa and Yohan, on their part,
the very ones who were respected to be pillars, [≠v.2, 6]
came to stretch out their right hands to me and Barnabas
to bring all together in fellowship,
with understanding that we on our part were to go to the Gentiles
while they themselves
to ‘those who are circumcised’; [Act 15:1ff – Yerusalem Council]
2:10
Only that, we were not to forget the need of those
suffering from poverty
— which indeed was the very thing
I was making every effort to do. [Act 24:17]

Gal 2:11 Paul Stands up to Kefa (the Apostle Peter) in Antioch

2:11 There, when it happened that KEFA{/mss}b came to Antioch [in Syria],
openly face to face I had to confront him,
because he, [being clearly in the wrong], stood self condemned:
2:12
Yoů see, what happened is like this:
Until the arrival of certain men from Yaakob [brother of the Lord],
he would have a meal with the Gentiles;
but after they came, he stopped doing this,
separating himself [from the Gentile believers]
in fear of those believers of pro-circumcision faction
[who would advocate the need for Gentiles
to become circumcised to be welcome at such table
on the terms being upheld at it] .
2:13
And the rest of the Yehudim joined him in such hypocrisy;
to the point that
even Barnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy too.
2:14
But when I saw that
they were not on a right road to the truth of the Gospel,
I said to Kefa before them all,
“When you, being a Yehudic, [now] are living Gentile-like
and not like Yehudim [as you keep associated with them]
[— this you did as long as you were not being observed
by the watchdogs from Yerusalem —]
 how can you act [in such hypocritic manner]
as if still pressuring the Gentile believers
to conform to Yehudim traditionsd?”
a 2:9 KEFA ░░ [instead of Gk. Petros tranliterates Aramaic, hence in all caps.] {/Peter}; /> Cephas.
b 2:11 Kefa {/mss} ░░ {/Peter}; /> Cephas.
c 2:14 Yehudi ░░ (Yehudite); /x: Jew – most (anachronistic);
d 2:14 conform to Yehudim traditions ░░ [not ‘Judaizing’]; /xx: live like Jews – most;
 2:15 we, on our part, Yehudim by birth [+]a and not ‘outcast sinners’
as such of Gentile origin
2:16
— knowing that one is not ever taken as righteousb
on the ground of works of law-observing
but only through faith in Yeshua the Mashiah —
yes, even we the Yehudim too have come
to believe in Mashiah Yeshua,
so that we may be taken as righteous
on the ground of faith in the Mashiah
yea, not on the ground of works of law-observing,
because <if it is on the ground of works of law-observing,
☼not any flesh [of humanity] shall prove

to be righteous.> {☼Ps 143:2};

2:17
Now, in seeking to be taken as righteous in the Mashiah,
if we thus are found ourselves
to have been ‘sinners’ in our nature
[like the rest of humanity],
does it mean that the Mashiah is actually someone
serving the interest of sin [for us]?
Never may it happen!
2:18
No°, it is precisely by building up once again
[+ setting up the Law again as an obligation for himself]
those very things [of works of law]
which I have previously torn-down
that I show myself up as a transgressor,
[+ since the former act of setting aside the Law
was in fact a transgression of it].
2:19a
And indeed, it was through lawc
▪ that I myself [already] died
▪ toward law —
▪ so that toward Elohimd
b
▪ I may live.

2:20 a @
It is along together with the Mashiah
that I’ve been put to death on a stake!
b
It is then no longer I that live,
but living in me is the Mashiah; e [Cf. Phi 1:21]
a
2:14 Yehudim by birth [+] ░░ [+ yea, may be boasting of this? :-<]; /Jews; /Judaic
b
2:16, 17ff made righteous ░░ /> taken as righteous; /x: prove to be righteous; /x: justified – most; /x:
accepted as righteous; />> declared righteous;
c
2:19 law ░░ [Cf. the Mosaic Law]
d
2:19 toward Elohim ░░ /x: for God;
e
2:20 no longer I that live ~ ░░ [i.e. ‘have been taken out of myself’ – C.S. Lewis (1955), Surprised
by Joy: The Shape of My Early Life (pp. 232-233)];
 c
indeed, as to the present life
that which I have with my mortal body,
in faith I’m living
— towards the Son of the Elohim,
who loved me and gave Himself over in behalf of me.

III. Paulos’ teaching

Paulos’ teaching

(Gal 3)
Righteousness - on the basis of Faith or works-of-Law?
2:21
I don’t turn my back on such grace of the Elohim.
No, I’m not going to do that [as those adherent to Yehudim tradition do]:
The truth of matter is this: If righteousness is
what could come through law-observing
[by perfect obedience to the requirements of the Moses′ law]
in that case,
the fact that the Mashiah died does serve nothing for them.
3:1 O Galatian believers, yoů’ve lost yoůr sense!
Who is it that has cast such a spell on yoů
{so that you don’t get persuaded by the truth}?
Isn’t it before yoůr very eyes
Yeshua the Mashiah was openly portrayed vividly
{in midst of yoů} as having been crucified?!
3:2
One simple question I’m going to ask yoů:
if yoů have the spirit received
was that on the ground of works of law-observing
or was it the result of a message of Gospel
which called for your response and faith?
3:3
Why are yoů so senseless?
Having begun [yoůr life in the Mashiah] in spirit,
are yoů now ending up bound to human norm?
3:4
Have yoů gone through so much for nothing?
Was it really for nothing?
3:5
Then, the very One — who abundantly supplies yoů this Spirit
and is doing powerful works in midst of yoů—
is He doing it on the ground of yoůr works of law-observing
or through yoůr faith in response to a message of Gospel?
3:6-14 Paul cites a series of OT text – in chiasm
3:6 ☼
Consider the case of Abraham, and how he did believe
the [promise of the living] Elohim, [into his obedience],
and such was reckoned to him into righteousness. [☼Gen 15:6] [Rm 4:3]
3:7
Realize then that it is really those being grounded on faith
— not those being grounded on law-keeping —
who are truly ‘sons of Abraham’.a
3:8
And the Tanakh Scripture, {Gen. 12:3; 18:18; 22:18; 26:4; 28:14}
foreseeing that the Elohim would have the Gentiles made righteousb
on the ground of faith,
announced good news to Abraham ahead of time, saying
<☼Because of you [Abraham]
all the nations shall be blessed.>
3:9
So then those who are on the ground of faith [cf. Rm 4:3,16]
are blessed together with the faithful Abraham. [cf. Jam 2:20-23]
3:10 And indeed, all who are
[trying to be put into a right relationship to Elohim] [v. 8]
on the ground of works of law-observing
are [to come] under a curse [v. 13]
— as it is written, {Deut. 27:26}
<A curse is [with penalty of the Law] upon everyone
who does not abide by everything written
in the Scroll of the Law and obey them.>
3:11
Moreover it is clear that
<With law-keeping no one is made righteousc before the Elohim>,
because [also Rm 1:17; Heb 10:38]
<☼as for the one who is made righteous,
— as being grounded on faith [in the Elohim] —
they shall find life and live.> {☼ Hab 2:4}
3:12
The [life in the] Law, however°,
is not grounded on faith,
on the contrary, [the TaNaKh Scripture says]
<☼as for the one who lives out these
[works that the Law demands]
it is only by [observantly catching up with] them
that they shall find life and live {☼Lev 18:5}
[— as they’re shut off from living in faith
with complete trust in Elohim].>

a
3:8 ‘sons of Abraham’ ░░ [a Hebrew idiom; = persons having Abraham-like character]
b 3:8 take as righteous ░░ /x: *justify – KJV, most (theological jargon); /> declare righteous – NWT; /x: make
right – ERV; /x: accept – CEV; /x: put right with himself – GNB; /
c 3:11 taken as righteous ░░ /x: proved righteous; /> declared righteous; /justified;
3:13
The Mashiah has bought us [=the Yehudim] out
 from such curse [v. 10] [incurred on]
a
as condemned] in the Law [for our disobedience],
having taken a curse on Himself
in place of usb [who are under the Law];
((as it is written in the Law, {☼Deu 21:23}
<☼A curse is upon everyone
who is hung on a wooden-stake>.))
3:14
in order that even to the Gentiles
the blessing of Abraham {Gen 12:3} would come
in Yeshua the Mashiah;
[and, more over] in order that we [the Yehudim] too
are able to receive the promise of the Spirit [of Elohim]
through such faith.

Gal 3:15 God's Promise of Mashiah for the World

Inheritance Comes from Abrahamic Promises, not Mosaic Law;
3:15 Fellow brethren, let me illustrate what I mean
to argue taking from our experience in everday human affairs:
Even in the case of a legal disposition
made by an ordinary human hand,
once a last will and testament has been put into effect,
no one can nullify, or add anything to it.
3:16
Now, coming back to our discussion,
it is to this Abraham the promises were spoken,
also ☼to his seedc.{☼ Gen 12:7; 13:15; 17:7; 22:18; 24:7}
((Note here: it does not say:
<and to seeds>, [in plural] as if speaking of many,
but, it is as speaking of one only,
<and to your seed ☼> [in singular] [cf. 3:29]
— and it is Mashiah who is signified here.))
3:17
Now as to this Abrahamic covenant [of promise]
which was validated previously by the Elohim {unto Mashiah} —
let me tell yoů this: The Law [of the Sinaitic covenant]
that has come into being four hundred and thirty years later
can not invalidate the Abrahamic one to do-away-with the promise.
3:18
And indeed, if the inheritance [Rm 4:13] come by on the ground of law-keeping,
it would be no longer [obtained] on the ground of a promise;
whereas, the fact is, to Abraham
it is through promise-receiving [not on the ground of law]
that the Elohim has given His favor.

a
3:13 curse by the Law ░░ /xxx: curse of the law – most; [- misleading to 'curse = the law'];
b 3:13 have taken a curse upon himself in place of us ░░ /x: having become a curse for us – most; /xx: being
made a curse for us – KJV; /
c 3:16 seed ░░ [Heb. zera. e.g. seed of Abraham; of David; of Sarai (Gen 16:10), of Rebekah (Gen 24:60); of the

woman (Gen 3:15)] [metonym for descendants in collective sene]; /> offspring – ESV;
Gal 3:21 The Purpose of God's giving the Law
3:19 Why then was this Law [of Sinaitic covenant] given?
It was on account of transgressions
that it was added on [to Abrahamic covenant]
[to last] until the Abraham’s seed [=the Mashiah] should arrive,
to whom the promise has been made;
having been put into effect through angels
by [Moses as] an intermediary’s hand.
3:20
Now [with the Sanaitic covenant for the Torah]
in case with an intermediary
it is not [just] one [party] involved
[+ as an intermediary was between two parties,
Elohim and the children of Yisrael] ;
but [with the Abrahamic covenant of promise]
the Elohim on His par, is [only] one [party]
alone [acting on His own] [when He gives the promise,]
[+ who directly relates to the one who receives the promise,
without an intermediary, to act directly when Mashiah comes].
3:21
So then, is the [Mosaic] Law – thus added to the Abrahamic covenant –
something contrary to the promises {by the Elohim}?
Never let it happen!
In fact, if there had been a law given which could enable us to live,
then, it really would have been possible
to obtain righteousness from keeping law
3:22
However, what happened instead is this:
the Tanakh Scripture has [shown] the whole creation
locked up [without freedom]
under [the reality of] sin [Rm 3:19; 7:14]
— it is that what is promised shall be [also] given
b-on the ground of-b faith in Yeshua the Mashiah

to those believing.
Sons of Elohim Are Heirs of Promise
3:23 But before the coming of the aforementioned faith, [cf. 4:1-3]
it was under law-oberving norm
that [as Yehudim] we were held in custody,
being locked up [without freedom]
until such faith was about to be revealed
[whereas the Gentiles were being left even without Torah].
3:24
So then as for the Law, it has become our guardian
until the Mashiah came
for us to be made righteous on the ground of faith.
3:25
But now that such faith has come,
 we are no longer under a guardian.a [Cf. Rm 7:9-10; 8:2]

3:26 Indeed, yoů [the Gentiles] all are God's sons

through yoůr faith — in Mashiah Yeshua.
3:27
The fact is, all of yoů who have been immersed into the Mashiah
as it were, got yourselves clothed with the Mashiah.
3:28@
There is then neither Yehudib, nor Gentile; [Col 3:11; Rm 10:12]
there is neither slave nor freeman,
[each holding for their own in tension];
there is no male versus female,
[one standing over the other];
indeed, all of yoů are one in Mashiah Yeshua.
3:29
And if yoů-all belong to the Mashiah,
yoů’re truly belonging to Abraham's seed
[rightfully so, +as He came, [3:16] just as the Yehudim are],
even heirs according to promise-receiving.

(Gal 4)
Matter of sonship and heirs = Abraham’s true seed as God's Children
4:1 Now, what I mean is this: [cf. 3:23-25]
If someone becomes an heir while still a minor under legal age
he finds himself all the time in a position
which in no way diffes from that of a servant
even though he is [actually] the owner of everything.
4:2
He remains under guardians and trustees
until the time for his coming of age set before by his father.
4:3
So it was with us [the Yehudim]:
During the time of our childish dependence,
we were found ourselves in bondage
to something of elementary of the world. [Col 2:20-22; Eph 2:1-3; 6:12]
4:4
But when the time appointed for this had fully run its course
 the Elohim sent forth His Son,
 ▪ having been born of a womanc and born under the Law,
4:5
 in order that He should buy out
▪ those who were under law [= we the Yehudim],
 so that we shall receive the adoption [Rm 9:4]. [Jn 6:44]
4:6 But, as for yoů the Gentile believers,
because yoů are sons, as I said before, (3:29) the Elohim sent forth
the Spirit of His Son [Rm 8:9; Phi 1:19] into yoůr {/mss}d hearts,
the Spirit shouting out, <Abba! the Father>, [// Rm 8:15b. Cf. Mt 6:9; Jn 1:12]

a 3:24 guardian ░░ /> schoolmaster – KJV; /> tutor;

b 3:28 Yehudi ░░ (Yehudite); /x: Jew – most (anachronistic);
c 4:6 born of a woman ░░ [//Mt 1:16] [against Docetism. Cf. Gal 4:29 ‘born according to flesh ~ to spirit’] [not 'born

of a virgin' – myth of 'virgin birth of Jesus'

d 4:6 yoůr{/mss} ░░ >{/our}
4:7
so-that you are now no longer a servant,
no, truly a son;
and if a son, also an heir by God's act {/mss}a.

Gal 4:8 Have you forgotten where you came from and what you received through Mashiah?
4:8 But there was time
when yoů all did even not know what God isb;
yoů were in bondage to those
which are not gods in their naturec,
[+ yoů were not even under the Torah any time]:
4:9
but now that yoů have come to know what God is
or rather having come to be known by what God is,
how is it possible that yoů turn back again
to the principles [of the prevailing spirit] of the world
so feeble and so pitiful and worthless?
And all over again anew
yoů wish to be enslaved to them?!
4:10
I do see yoů’re scrupulously observing certain days
and [annual festivals of spring and fall] seasons
and sacred years. [Cf. Col 2:16b]
4:11
I’m afraid for yoů
that somehow all for nothing I must have toiled for yoů.
4:12@ Put yourselves in my place, I beg yoů, my fellow° brethren,
as I have put myself in yoůrs.
Yoů have not treated me unworthy [when I first came to yoů]
4:13
then, yoů all know that it was
with infirmity of my flesh [Cf. 2Co 12:7]
[+ from sufferings and persecutions]
I came on the first occasion to bring good news to yoů:
4:14
and though my infirmity was the trial for yoů{/mss}d
yoů did not look down, nor spit on me;
on the contrary, yoů welcomed me
as yoů would welcome a God’s angel
— just as yoů would have welcomed Mashiah Yeshua Himself.
4:15
What then happened to that being blessedness
that once was yoůrs?!
Why, I can give yoů this solemn word that
[yoů would have done anything for me]
— there was time when, had it been possible,
a 4:7 heir by Elohim{/mss} ░░ {/heir of Elohim through Mashiah} {/heir of Elohim} {heir of Elohim, and
fellow-heir with Mashiah} (For variants, see EE in Interlinear text)
b 4:8, 9 what God is ░░ [anarthrous accusative. Cf. Jn 1:1c anarthrous nominative]; /God – most; /God-being;
c 4:8 in their nature ░░ [Gk. phusei]; /> by nature; /x: in reality;
d 4:14 yoů {/mss} ░░ > {/of me}
 yoů would have even plucked out yoůr very eyesa
and have given them to me!
4:16
Can it be, then, that I have become
somehow like an enemy to yoů,
because I have been telling yoů the truth?
4:17 Those people among yoů I have referret to are trying to win over yoů
not with any fine motives;
but they want to shut yoů off from us,
so that yoů will side with them.
4:18
Now, it is always fine to be ardent in doing good things
— yeah, not just when I am present with yoů.
4:19
My dear children!
— for whom I am once more going through labor-pains
until the Mashiah be formed in yoů—
4:20
I wish I could be present with yoů right now
and to speak in a different tone;
because I am perplexed over what yoů are doing.

Gal 4:21 Hagar and Sarah – Illustrate the Law and the Good News
4:21 Tell me, yoů who want to be ‘under law’,
— why yoů fail to clearly hear what the Torah/Law tells!
4:22
For | according to what is written, Abraham had two sons,
one from the maid servant and one from the free woman.
4:23
But the son from the maidservant is born according to ‘flesh’;
but the son from the free woman is born through a promise.
4:24
This is being allegorically speaken:
for | these women stand for two covenants: [Cf. ‘Lady’ Rev 12:1]
● The one [woman] is indeed from Mount Sinai,
which stands for Hagar
bringing forth children into bondage.
4:25
 Now Sinai is a mountain in ARABIA {1:17}{/mss}
b
[in the land of Midian]
which goes together with Yerusalem as is now
for | she is in slavery along-with her children.
4:26
● But the Yerusalem above is the free one,
it is she which is mother {for all} of us.

a 4:15 plucked out yoůr eyes ░░ [A figure of speech (e.g. = Mk 4:15) for the expression of the Galatians' very real
and intense love and concern for Paul's condition. Cf. he had just been stoned (Act 14:19) in Lystra during his 1st
missionary journey; perhaps his eyes were puffed up, cut up and badly bruised like a prize fighter after a fight.]
b
4:25 Sinai is a mountain in ARABIA {/mss} ░░ [in the land of Midian (Act 7:29)] [Cf. 1:17] {/for
this Hagar stand for Sinai, a mountain in ARABIA} [It’s not the Mount Sinai in Sinai Peninsula in Egypt,
but Jebel Al-Lawz in the northwestern corner of Saudi Arabia.] [See BW #4]
4:27@ For | it is written, {Is. 54:1}
<Be rejoicing!
O the barren one who has not born children;
Break forth and shout!
the one not having had birth pains:
for | [now] the children of the forsaken [woman]
[of the covenant of promise] [will be] more numerous
than those of the woman whose husband never left her
[of the covenant of Torah].>
4:28
Now, fellow° brethren,
it is we{/mss}a who are children of promise | according to Isaacb.
4:29
But as then the one who was born according to the flesh
was hardc on him who was born according to the spirit, so it is also now.
4:30
But what does the scripture passage [in TaNaKh] say? {Gen 21:10 LXX}
<Drive out the maidservant and her son:
for | by no means shall the son of the maidservant
inherit with the son of the free woman.>
4:31
So then fellow° brethren, we are not children of a maidservant,
but of the free woman.

IV. Exortation

IV. Exhortation

(Gal 5)
Gal 5:1 Living as Free People in Mashiah
5:1 To such freedomd the Mashiah has made us free; [⇨5:13]
therefore, stand firm in it!
And do not again be held in a yoke of slavery [of legalism]
[+ going after those adherent to tradition of Yehudim
who are insisting on circumcision] [2:4].

5:2
See, I, Paulos, am telling to yoů that,
if yoů undergo something of brit-milah,
the Mashiah shall be of no use to yoů.
5:3
Moreover, I solemnly declare again
to every man undergone something of brit-milah
that he is a debtor to do the whole Torah!
5:4
yoů have yourselves severed from the Mashiah
— any of yoů who are ever to be made righteous in the [keeping of] law.
From the very grace of Elohim
a 4:28 we{/mss} ░░ {/yoů}
b 4:28 Isaac ░░ [Heb. Yitzchak]
c 4:29 was hard on ░░ />> persecuted
d 5:1 to such freedom ░░ /for this aforementioned freedom – Wuest;
 yoů have fallen off!

5:5
Yoů see, as for ourselves, [on the contrary, not relying on law-keeping],
in spirit we are eagerly looking forward,
to attain to righteousness from out of faith
with condifent hope.
5:6
Indeed, [those being] in Mashiah Yeshua
neither [status of] ‘circumcision’, nor lack of it has any punch,
but what matters is faith — the kind of faith that is active,
expressing itself through love. [=Jam 2:6]
5:7 Yoů were running well;
then who were holding yoů back from
keeping on obeying the truth?
5:8
That sort of enticement is not persuasion from the One calling yoů;
5:9
like a little leaven it leavens the whole lump.
5:10
I, I am confident in the Lord{/mss} about yoů,
that yoů will have no other mind.
And the one who is troubling yoů |
shall bear his judgment, whoever he is.
5:11 But as for me, fellow brethren,
if requirement of brit-milaha is what I still speak for,
why should it be that I'm still persecuted?
Then, the stumbling-block of the Crossb
would as well be no more.
5:12
Those troubling yoů!
— O that they would even cut themselves off!
5:13 Remember, as for yoů, fellow brethren,
it was to freedom – yoů have been called; [⇦5:1]
only [do] not [turn yoůr] freedom
as an occasion for the human nature in mere flesh-and-blood,
but rather, through love, be serving one another.
5:14
Indeed, the entire Torah is fulfilled in one word, even in this: {☼Lev. 19:18}
☼
<You shall love your neighbor
as your very self [is loved by Elohim].>c
5:15
But if yoů keep on biting and devouring one another,
look out lest yoů be consumed by one another.
5:16 But I say, live out in spirit [cf. v. 25]
a
5:11 brit-milah ░░ /> circumcision – most;
b
5:11 Cross ░░= 6:12, 14 [In the Epistles, it is capitalized as used in symobolic of His redemptive
death, not an actual execution device.] /> cross; /xx: torture stake – NWT; /
c 5:14 <OT quotation> ░░ {☼Lev. 19:18} [= Mt 11:19; 22:39; Lk 10:27b; //Mk 12:31, 33]
 and yoů shall not gratify the desire from the human realitya.
5:17
Indeed, the flesh desires what is contrary-to the spirit
and the spirit contrary to the flesh,
and they are opposed one another;
so that the very things that yoů desire to do, yoů are not doing.
5:18
But if yoů are being led in spirit,
yoů are not under law

Gal 5:19 Works of the Flesh and Fruits of the Spirit

5:19@ Now as for the doings orginating from the human reality
they are plain to see: [cf. v. 22. //6:8a]
 adultery, {fornication},
uncleanness, loose-condct
5:20
 idolatry,
occultism,
 enmities, strifes, jealousies, acts of anger,
selfishness, divisiveness, factionalism,
5:21
envies, {murders}, [2Co 12:20]
 drunkenness, reveling, and the like;
as to theses things I forewarn yoů,
just-as I told to yoů beforehand,
that those who is practicing things of that nature
will not inherit the reign of God's Kingdom.
5:22 The fruit yielded by the spirit, on the other hand, is [cf. v. 19. //6:8b. Jam 3:18]
 love,  joy,  shalom,
 patience,  kindness,
 goodness,  faithfulness,
5:23
 gentleness [with power under control], and
 self-control
— there is no law against such.
5:24
Moreover, those who belong to the Mashiah {Yeshua}
have [once for all time] crucified the very flesh-and-blood
[of their godless human nature],
together with its passions and desires.
5:25 If it be in spirit that we are living,
in spirit indeed we’re to be guided. [cf. v. 16]
5:26
Let us not become conceited
— provoking one another, envying one another.

a 5:19 from the realm of human reality ░░ /of the flesh – KJV; /
(Gal 6)
6:1 Fellow brethren, if a man among yoů finds himself
suddenly caught up with some grave wrongdoing,
yoů all who are spirital,
restore such one with a gentle spirit;
as you each paying attention to yourself,
lest you too succumb to a similar test.
6:2
Bear the burdensa of one another;
and in this way you will{/mss}b fulfill
the ‘torah’ of the very Mashiah [cf. 1Jn 2:3]
6:3
Indeed, if anyone thinks himself
to be somebody when he is nobody,
he is deluding himself.
6:4
But let each one examine [2Co 13:5] his own work
and then he can take pride himself
and not compare himself with someone else
6:5
The fact is, each one will have to bear his own loadc.

a 6:2 burdens ░░ (baros – a weight that can be relieved/transferred) (Cf. v. 5 load) (cf. ‘burdensome’)
b 6:2 yoů will{/mss} ░░ {/do!}
c 6:5 load ░░ (Mt 11:30) (phortion – a weight that has to be carried); x: burden – KJV (see v. 4.)
6:6 But let the one who is being taught in the word
share in all worldy good things with the one who is teaching.
6:7
Stop deceiving yourselves! Elohim is not somenone to be mocked:
indeed, whatever a hman sows — this he will also reap.
6:8
Because, as for the one who sows
on to the field ofa his own soulical natureb,
it is out of the soulical nature that they will reap corruption;
but as for the one who sows on to the field of the spirit, [5:22-23]
it is out of the spiritc that they will reap eternal life. [5:21b]
6:9
And let us not get discouraged in doing what is good:
for | by our own measure we will reap a harvest,
if we do not slacken off.
6:10
So, consequently, as occasion and opportunity open up to us,
let us do what is good to all
and especially to those who are in the family of the faith.

6:11 See how in large letters here

as I close my words
I’m writing to yoů in my own hand: d

6:12 a Those [adherent to Yehudim tradition] want to have

an acceptable marker on the body physically,
c
only that for the Crosse of the very Mashiah {Yeshua}
they may not suffer persecution
b
— these are forcing yoů to be circumcised too! —

6:13
In fact, even those
who have themselves received{/mss} circumcision
do not keep the Law;
but they want to have yoů circumcised,
so that there should be something
outwardly on yoůr ‘body’ physically
they may have they can boast of.

a 6:8 on to the field of ░░ (eis); /to (his own flesh) – most; /x: to please – NIV; /
b 6:8 soulical nature ░░ (sarx); /> lower nature – Cass; /> flesh – most; /x: sinful self – ERV; /x: natural desires
– GNB; /x: corrupt nature – GW; /x: (through) human means – ISV; /
c 6:8 out of the spirit ░░ (ek tou pneumatos); /> from the Spirit – most; [not the Holy Spirit, but the man’s spirit

in contrast to ‘flesh’ (soulical nature).]

d 6:11 in my own hand ░░ [the rest being dictated by a scribe.]
e 6:12ff Cross ░░ = 5:11 [Capitalized; the symbol of His redemptive death], /> cross; />> stake;
6:14
But as for me it may never happen to boast,
except in the Cross of our Lord Yeshua Mashiah,
through whom the world has been crucified to me
and I on my part to the world. [cf. 2:20]
6:15
Indeed, {in Mashiah Yeshua} [5:6]
neither [the status of] ‘circumcision’ is anything,
nor [the status of] ’uncircumcision’ [=being Gentiles];
no, being a new creation is all that counts!

6:16
And on all those who will be led
by this measuring-roda of conduct
 — shalom of the Elohim be upon them
and mercy of the Elohimb even upon the Yisrael!c
6:17 Let no one making trouble for me from now on,
for I, as for me I bear the stigmata of the wounds
as of [a slave of] {the Lord} Yeshua on my body.

6:18
The grace of our Lord Yeshua Mashiah
be with yoůr spirit, fellow° brethren! Amen.

[End of the Galatians]

a 6:16 measuring-rod ░░ [kanōn ‘measuring ruler’] /> rule – most;

b 6:16 of the Elohim ░░ [transposed from the end of the verse – after Eung-Bong Lee – see EE];
c 6:16 Yisrael ░░ /Israel; [it does not refer to the ‘*Church’ as in the unbiblical ‘replacement theology’.]