Fialho et al. (2008). Occurrence, production and applications of gellan: current state
and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol.79:889-900.
Bacterial exopolysaccharides
• Gram-negative rod-shaped
bacteria
• Previously designated
Pseudomonas elodea, also
Sphingomonas paucimobilis
and recently, Sphingomonas
elodea
THE GELLAN GUM:
an exopolysaccharide produced by Sphingomonas elodea ATCC 31461
Ac (1/2)
6
3)-βD-Gluc-(1 4)-βD-GlcA-(1 4)-βD-Glc-(1 4)-αL-Rha-(1
2
≈ 12–15 g/l
L-glyceric
Linear polymer of
500 kDa
Production of Gellan gum
Sphingomonas elodea ATCC 31461
Gellan gum: industrial applications
Carbon source
OM
IM
Gellan
Peptigoglycan
OM
IM
PgmG
PgmG
Glucose-6-P Glucose-1-P
ugpG Glucose -6 -P Glucose - 1 -P
pgmG UgpG
RmlA UgpG
T gpG
pgmG ugpG
dTDP-L-Rhamnose UDP-D-Glucuronic
dTDP -L - acid GelB
UDP - D - ác .
Ramnose Glucurónico
Cluster gel
atr rhs GelB
Q I K L J F gel
D cluster
C E 32 26 D B A CBD
atr rml GelL ? GelK GelK
Q I K L J F D C E 32 26 D B A CBD
GelL ?
GelD GelQ ?
GelQ ?
GelC ,E
? ?
GelC,GelE ? ?
?
?
Gellan
n
Model for the polymerization and secretion of
gellan
Peptidoglycan
P
P P
P
Inner membrane
P
GelS GelC
P
GelG GelE P
ATP
Pi PTPase?
Genes involved in the formation of nucleotide sugar
precursors
gelF D C E M N
∆gelE
gelF D C aacC1 M N
pRK2013-
narrow host specificity
Recipient strain
Pseudomonas 8822
algC-; Alg-