1. Refractive surgical procedures can be categorized broadly as corneal or intraocular.

Keratorefractive (corneal) procedures include

a. Incisional
b. laser ablation
c. lamellar implantation
d. all of the above

Answer D (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 7

2. Intraocular refractive procedures include

a. phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation
b. implantation of a monofocal
c. accommodative intraocular lens
d. all of the above

Answer D (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 7

3. One of the major applications of the wave theory of light is in wavefront analysis
Currently, wavefront analysis can be performed clinically by?
a. 3 methods
b. 2 methods
c. 4 methods
d. 5 methods

Answer c (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 9

4. Although several techniques are available for measuring wavefront aberrations, the
most popular in clinical practice is based on the wavefront sensor?
a. Hartmann-Shack
b. Tscherning
c. thin-beam single-ray tracing,
d. optical path difference

Answer c (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 9

5. Currently, wavefront aberrations are most commonly specified by ?

a. Zernike polynomials
b. Hartmann-Shack
c. Tscherning
d. thin-beam single-ray tracing

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 9

6. Myopia, hyperopia, and regular astigmatism are all lower-order (second-order)

aberrations that can be expressed as ?
a. wavefront aberrations
b. Zernike polynomials
c. Higher-Order Aberrations
d. Tscherning

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 9

7. When peripheral light rays impacting a lens or the cornea focus in front of more
central rays, the effect is called
a. Coma and trefoil
b. Zernike polynomials
c. spherical aberration
d. all of the above

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 12

8. With coma, a third-order aberration, rays at one edge of the pupil come into focus
before rays at the opposite edge do. The effective image resembles a comet, having
vertical and horizontal components. Coma is common in patients with
a. decentered corneal grafts
b. keratopathy
c. high laser ablations
d. Higher-Order Aberrations

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 12

9. Clinically, this radially symmetric fourth -order aberration is the cause of night
myopia and is commonly increased after :
a. myopic LASIK
b. keratoplasty
c. keratectomy
d. high laser aberation

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 12

10. Each technology conveys different information about corneal curvature, anatomy, and
biomechanical function. In addition, computerized topographic and tomographic
systems may display other data:
a. pupil size and location
b. estimating regular and irregular astigmatism
c. estimates of the keratoconus
d. all of th above

Answer A (AAO BCSC 2014-2015 13) Pg 14