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Inside Back Cover

Table A.6 OMECLATURE
Symbol Dimensions Description
A L2 Area
Aj L2 Jet area
A0 L2 Orifice area
A* L2 Nozzle area at M = 1
a L/T2 Acceleration
b … Intensive property
B L Linear measure
B … Extensive property
b L Linear measure
Cc … Coefficient of contraction
CD … Coefficient of drag
Cd … Coefficient of discharge
Cf … Average shear stress coefficient
CF … Force coefficient
CH … Head coefficient
CL … Coefficient of lift
CP … Power coefficient
Cp … Pressure coefficient
CQ … Discharge coefficient
CT … Thrust coefficient
Cv … Coefficient of velocity
c L/T Speed of sound
cf … Local shear stress coefficient
cp L2/T2θ Specific heat at constant pressure
cv L2/T2θ Specific heat at constant volume
CP … Center of pressure

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Symbol Dimensions Description

cs … Control surface
cv … Control volume
D L Diameter
D L Hydraulic depth
Dh L Hydraulic diameter
d L Diameter
d L Depth
E ML2/T2 Energy
E L Specific energy
Ev M/LT2 Elasticity, bulk
e L2/T2 Energy per unit mass
Fr … Froude number
F ML/T2 Force
FD ML/T2 Drag force
FL ML/T2 Lift force
FS ML/T2 Surface resistance
f … Friction factor
G … Giga, multiple = 109
g L/T2 Acceleration due to gravity
H L Head
h L Piezometric head
h L2/T2θ Specific enthalpy
hf L Head loss in pipe
hL L Head loss
hp L Head supplied by pump
ht L Head given up to turbine
L4 Area moment of inertia, centroidal
i … Unit vector in x direction
j … Unit vector in y direction
k … Unit vector in z direction
K … Minor loss coefficient
k … Ratio of specific heats
ks L Equivalent sand roughness

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Symbol Dimensions Description

L L Linear measure
l L Linear measure
ℓ L Linear measure
M … Mach number
M ML2/T2 Moment
m M Mass
M/T Mass flow rate
$ T-1 Rotational speed
$s L3/4/T3/2 Specific speed
$ss L3/4/T3/2 Suction specific speed
n … Manning's roughness coefficient
n T-1 Rotational speed
ns … Specific speed
nss … Suction specific speed
p M/LT2 Pressure
∆p M/LT2 Change in pressure
P ML2/T3 Power
p* M/LT2 Pressure at M = 1
pt M/LT2 Total pressure
pv M/LT2 Vapor pressure
pz ML2/T2 Piezometric pressure
Q L3/T Discharge, volumetric flow rate
Q ML2/T2 Heat transferred
q L2/T Discharge per unit width
q M/LT2 Kinetic pressure
Rh L Hydraulic radius
R ML/T2 Reaction or resultant force
R L2/θT2 Gas constant
Re … Reynolds number
r L Linear measure in radial direction
S L2 Planform area
St … Strouhal number

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Symbol Dimensions Description

S0 … Channel slope
s L2/T2θ Specific entropy
S … Specific gravity
s L Linear measure
T ML2/T2 Torque
T θ Temperature
Tt θ Total temperature
T* θ Temperature at M = 1
t T Time
U0 L/T Free-stream velocity
u L/T Velocity component, x direction
u L2/T2 Internal energy per unit of mass
u* L/T Shear velocity
u′ L/T Velocity fluctuation in x direction
V L/T Velocity
V0 L/T Free-stream velocity
L3 Volume

L/T Area-averaged velocity

ν L/T Velocity component, y direction
ν′ L/T Velocity fluctuation in y direction
W ML2/T2 Work
W ML/T2 Weight
We … Weber number
w L/T Velocity component, z direction
x L Linear measure
y L Linear measure
yc L Critical depth
yn L Normal depth
z L Elevation
∆z L Change in elevation
Greek Letters
α … Angular measure
α … Lapse rate
α … Kinetic energy correction factor

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Symbol Dimensions Description

α … Angle of attack
β … Angular measure
Γ L2/T Circulation
γ M/L2T2 Specific weight
∆ … Increment
δ L Boundary layer thickness
δ′ L Laminar sublayer thickness
δN′ L Nom. laminar sublayer thickness

η … Efficiency
θ … Angular measure
κ … Turbulence constant
µ M/LT Dynamic viscosity
τ M/LT2 Shear stress
ν L2/T Kinematic viscosity
π … Dimensionless group
ρ M/L3 Mass density
ρ* M/L3 Density at M = 1
ρt M/L3 Total density
Ω T-1 Rate of rotation
ω T-1 Angular speed
ω T-1 Vorticity
σ M/T2 Surface tension

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

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