Chapter III

Research Methodology

This chapter discusses the research methodology of the design project entitled “Motion

& Shock Sensor Detection Security System Using Arduino “.

Research and Design

All the body generate some heat energy in the form of infrared which is invisible to

human eyes. But, it can be detected by electronic sensor. These type of sensor is made

up of crystalline material that is Pyroelectric. In this project, I will be using P.I.R. Motion

Sensor Module as an infrared sensor that generates electric charge when exposed in

heat and sends a signal to Arduino. According to level of the infrared in front of sensor,

Arduino start buzzing speaker and glows the L.E.D. A simple program is running on

Arduino which checks sensor if anything passes the door. And another is the Piezoelectric

sensor an electrical signal based on the measured input quantities such as vibration, flex,

touch, knock, shock. Thus, whenever the piezoelectric film is subjected to vibrations (back

and forth movement of piezoelectric film) causes the generation of low AC signal with

high voltage (up to +/– 90V). There are several steps to be applied in designing an motion

and shock sensor detection security system. The relevant information is gathered through

literature review from previous chapter Data on motion detection, security system and

vibration detection projects has been collected where the theoretical design is studied

based on the motion and vibration detector for security concept. The understanding on

the electrical structure for the hardware development is needed for the design circuit

process of the motion and vibration detector and the basic security circuit the next is the
hardware development. This process is just only being proceed if each part of the circuit

being improved is valid, else, it will be repeated until it is valid as the theoretical. Once

the hardware development circuits have the output as the expected, then, the comparison

for both hardware and theoretical analysis will be done Next is the step where software

structure is developed for the security system to be interface with the hardware

development. While the final step of this research is on applying the whole project to the

real house entrance.

Locale of the Study

This study will be based in Pawnshops and Moneychanger shops in Laoag City

and in Ilocos Norte.

Procedure of the study

Block Diagram

PIR Sensor
Shock(Tilt) Microcontroller Buzzer(Alarm)
Sensor

A person who enters the area will interrupts the beam causing an alarm to be

triggered. For this type of motion detector uses the basic concept of the active infrared

motion detector and Vibration detector. An interruption in the signal modulated pulsating

beam transmit by an infrared diode while receive by an infrared detector will set ‘on’ or

‘off’ the alarm of the security system.

 Circuit Diagram

As shown in circuit, PIR Sensor operates on 9-12 volts and a field view from 125

to 138 degrees, and the Buzzer operates on 4-15 volts. Microcontroller operates 5 volts.

Once you Walk into the detecting range across the PIR beam and observe the LED

indicator. The LED indicator will light up whenever you enter or exit and the buzzer will

Turned ON. And the Shock sensor will operate when someone will dig under the floor and

once it detects the vibration it automatically turns on the alarm or buzzer.