1. ESTANDARES
Modelar situaciones de variaciones de variación periódicas con funciones
trigonométricas.
2. LOGROS
2.1. Deducir las identidades trigonométricas fundamentales
2.2. Demostrar identidades trigonométricas
CONCEPTOS PREVIOS
Ejemplos:
1. sec x × cos x = 1
2. sen 2 x + cos 2 x = 1
Teorema de Pitágoras (c 2
= a 2 + b2 )
r =1
Sen x
x
cos x
sec x
Tag
x
r =1
Cot x
r = 1 csc x
x
Por Pitágoras en cada un de las figuras podemos obtener:
1. Sen 2 x + cos 2 x = 1
2. Sec 2 x = 1 + tag 2 x
3. Csc 2 x = 1 + cot 2 x
IDENTIDADES DE COCIENTE
Sen x
4. Tag x =
Cos x
Sen x
5. Cot x =
Cos x
IDENTIDADES RECIPROCAS
1
6. Cot x =
Tag x
1
7. Sec x =
Cos x
1
8. Csc x =
Sen x
FUNCIONES PARES E IMPARES
9. Sen(− x ) = − Sen x
3. Ejemplos:
cos x 1
Cot x × Sec x × Sen x = (sen x )
sen x csc x
= Sen x
Solución:
1
Csc x − Sen x = − Sen x
Sen x
1 − Sen 2 x
=
Sen x
Cos 2 x
=
Sen x
Csc x
= (Cos x )
Sen x
= Cot x × Cos x
3. tan x.senx + cos x = sec x
Solución
senx
tan x.senx + cos x = (senx ) + cos x
cos x
Sen 2
= + cos x
cos x
Sen 2 x + Cos 2 x
=
cos x
1
=
cos x
= sec x
4. tan (− x ) = − tan x
Solución
sen(− x )
tan (− x ) =
cos(− x )
− senx
=
cos x
= −tagx
cos x cos x
5. + = 2 sec x
1 − senx 1 + cos x
Solución
2 cos x
=
Cos 2 x
1
=2
cos x
= 2 sec x
( )(
Sen 4 x − Cos 4 x = Sen 2 x + Cos 2 x Sen 2 x − Cos 2 x )
= Sen 2 x − Cos 2 x
Sec 2 x − Tan 2 x
7. = Sen 2 x − Cos 2 x
Csc x
Solución
1 Sen 2 x
−
Sec 2 x − Tan 2 x Cos 2 x Cos 2 x
=
Csc x 1
Senx
1 − Sen 2 x
2
= Cos x
1
Senx
Cos 2 x
2
= Cos x
1
Senx
1
=
1
Senx
= Senx
8. (Sen x + Cos x )2 = 1 + 2Sen x Cos x
Solución
( )
= Sen 2 x + Cos 2 x + 2 Senx Cosx
= 1 + 2 Senx Cosx
Sec x 1
Tan x + 2Cosx Cscx = + 2 Cos x
Cos x Sen x
Sen x Cos x
= + 2
Cos x Sen x
Sen 2 x + 2Cos 2 x
=
Senx Cosx
=
(Sen x + Cos x ) + Cos x
2 2 2
Sen x Cos x
1 + Cos 2 x
=
Sen x Cos x
1 Cos 2 x
= +
Sen x Cosx Sen x Cos x
1 1 Cos x
= +
Senx Cosx Cos x Sen x
= Cos x Sec x + Cot x
Cos x
10. Tan x + = Sec x
1 + Sen x
Solución
=
(
senx + sen 2 x + Cos 2 x )
Cos x(1 + Sen x )
=
(1 + sen x )
Cos x(1 + Sen x )
1
=
Cos x
= Sec x
TALLER
1. Cos x . Sec x = 1
2. Sen x . Csc x = 1
Sen x
4. = Csc x
1 − Cos x
Cos x
5. + Sen x = Csc x
Sen x
Csc x
7. = Cos x
Cot x + Tan x
Cos x
Sec x + Tan x =
8.
1 − Sen x
1 + Sen x
9. = 1 + Cos x
Sen x
Sen 2 x − Tan 2 x
10. = Sen x
Cosc x
Sen x Cos x
11. + =1
Cos x + 1 Sec x
Cos x Cos x
12. + = 2 Tan x
Cosc x Sec x − 1
1 − Cos x Sec x − 1
13. =
1 + Cos x Sec x + 1
1 1
14. + =1
Cosc 2 x Sec 2 x
Sen x
15. Cot x + = Cos x
1 + Cos x
SOLUCION
1. Cos x.Sec x = 1
1
D // . Cos x.Secx = (Cosx ) =1
Cosx
2. Sen x Cos x = 1
1
D // Sen x Cosx = Senx =1
Senx
Sen x
4. = Cosc x
1 − Cos 2 x
Sen x Senx 1
D // . = = = Csc x
1 − Cos x Sen x Sen x
2 2
Cos 2 x
5. + Sen x = Csc x
Sen x
Cos 2 x Cos 2 x + Sen 2 x 1
D // . + Sen x = = = Csc x
Sen x Sen x Sen x
Sen 2
D // Tan x Cos x =
2 2
2
x
( )
Cos 2 = Sen 2 x = 1 − Cos 2 x
Cos x
Cos x
7. = Cos x
Cot x + tan x
1
Cscx Sen x
D // . =
Cot x + Tan x Cos x + Sen x
Sen x Cos x
1
Sen x
=
Sen 2 x + Cos 2 x
Sen x Cos x
1
Sen x
=
1
Sen x Cos x
Sen x Cos x
=
Sen x
= Cos x
Cos x
8. Sec x + Tan x =
1 − Sen x
1 Sen x
D // . Sec x + Tan x = +
Cosx Cos x
1 + Sen x
=
Cos x
=
(1 + Sen x )(1 − Sen x )
Cos x(1 − Sen x )
1 − Sen 2 x
=
Cos x(1 − Sen x )
Cos 2 x
=
Cos x(1 − Sen x )
Cos x
=
1 − Sen x
1 + Sen x
9. = 1 + Csc x
Sen x
1 + Sen x 1 Sen x
D// = +
Sen X Sen x Sen x
= Csc x + 1
Sen 2 x − Tan 2 x
10. = Sen x
Csc x
1 Sen 2 x
−
Sec x − Tan x Cos x Cos 2 x
2 2 2
D// =
Cos x 1
Sen x
1 − Sen 2 x
Cos 2 x
=
1
Sen x
Cos 2 x
Cos 2 x
=
1
Sen x
1
=
1
Sen x
= Sen x
Sen x Cos x
11. + =1
Csc x Sec x
Cos x Cos x
12. + = 2Tan x
Csc x + 1 Csc x − 1