Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Disusun Oleh
ABDUL AZIZ
2008410012
Diketahui :
a. Bentang = 8 meter
b. Sudut atap = 23 derajat
c. Mutu baja = S-41
d. Beban = Atap dari asbes & tidak terdapat plafon
e. Sistem sambungan = Baut
f. Jarak kuda-kuda = 5 meter
g. Kolom dari = K-300
h. Beban angin sesuai = PMI 1983
i. Gording dianggap selalu pada titik simpul rangka kuda-kuda
Ditanya :
BAB I
PERENCANAAN GORDING
21.95 kg/m
qy = q x sin α
= 21.96 x sin 23
= 8,58 kg/m
qx = q x cos α
= 21.96 x cos 23
= 20,21 kg/m
Setelah diketahui qx & qy, maka dapat diperoleh Mx dan My dari beban mati (DL)
1
My = . q 𝐲 . 𝐥𝐲 𝟐
8
1 5 2
= . 8,58 . (3) = 2,98 kg m
8
1
Mx = . q x . l𝒙 2
8
1
= . 20,21 . 𝟓𝟐 = 63,16 kg m
8
Py = P. Sin 23
= 100 . Sin 23 P = 100kg
= 39,07 kg/m
Px = P. Cos 23 L = 5m
= 100 . Cos 23
= 92,05 kg/m
Setelah diketahui Px & Py, maka dapat diperoleh Mx dan My dari beban hidup (LL)
1
My = . Py . ly
4
1 𝟓
= . 39,07 . ( 𝟑) = 16,28 kg m
4
1
Mx = . Px . l x
4
1
= . 92,05 . 5 = 115,06 kg m
4
Setelah diketahui koef, angin tekan dan hisap, maka dapat dihitung Wtekan & Whisap
Whisap = (-0,4) . 40
= -16 kg/m2
Arah angin hanya terhadap sumbu x, maka dapat diperoleh Mx tekan & Mx hisap
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
1
Mx tekan = . Wtekan . lx 2
8
𝟏
= . 𝟐, 𝟒 . 𝟓𝟐 = 𝟕, 𝟓 𝐤𝐠 𝐦
𝟖
1
Mx hisap = . Whisap . lx 2
8
1
= . (-16). 52 = -50 kg m
8
3. Tinjauan Lentur
Keterangan :
Mn = Mp = Z . fy
Keterangan :
Tipe baja yang digunakan dalam perencanaan kuda-kuda ini adalah S-41. Berdasarkan
SK-SNI baja dengan mutu S-41 memiliki nilai :
D = beban mati
La = beban hidup
W = beban angin
Tabel Kombinasi
Profil baja yang digunakan untuk gording adalah baja CNP 150.65.20.3,2
Mnx = Zx . fy
= (44,331 . 10-3 mm3 . (250 N/mm2)
= 11082750 Nmm
= 1108,28 kg m
Mny = Zy . fy
= (12,268 . 103 mm3) . (250 N/mm2)
= 3067.103 Nmm
= 306,7 kg m
4. Cek Kelangsingan
Mux Muy
+ ≤1
∅b . Mnx Mny . ∅b
2
265,89 29,62
= + ≤1
0,9 .(1108,28) (306,7).0,9
2
= 0,27+ 0.21
= 0,48 ≤ 1 (OK)
5 qx .lx4 1 p .l3
∆x = . + .
384 E .Iy 48 E .Iy
4 3
5 5
5 8,58 kg/m . ( 𝑚) 1 100 kg . ( 𝑚)
∆x = . 3 + . 3
384 (2 .10 ) 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 .(5,4.10 𝑚 ) 48 (2.1010 ) kg/𝑚2 . (5,4 .10−7 𝑚4 )
10 2 −7 4
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
5 qy .ly4 1 p .l3
∆y = . + .
384 E .Ix 48 E .Ix
5 20,21 kg/m . (5 m)4 1 100 kg .(5 m)3
∆y = . + .
384 (2 .1010 ) 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 .(3,32.10−6 𝑚4 ) 48 (2 .1010 ) 𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 . (3,32.10−6 𝑚4 )
= 0,01 . (0,19) 𝑚 + 0,02 . (0,38) 𝑚
= 𝟗, 𝟓. 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎
l
∆ = √∆x+ ∆y <
300
∆ = √(𝟗, 𝟐𝟏𝟑. 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 m)𝟐 +(𝟗, 𝟓. 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎)𝟐 =9,54.𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎 = 𝟎, 𝟗𝟓𝟒 𝒄𝒎
𝟓𝟎𝟎
𝟎, 𝟗𝟓𝟒 < ∆ = 𝐜𝐦 (𝐎𝐊)
𝟑𝟎𝟎
BAB II
PERENCANAAN TRACKSTANG
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Diketahui :
5/3
tg θ =
1
θ = 59,04°
jarak kuda-kuda
ΣV = 0 = T . sin ∅ - q . sin ∝ .b .
2+1
Keterangan :
b = Jumlah gording
q = Penjumlahan qgording taksiran + live load (LL) + qgording sebenarnya
Kalkulasi nilai q :
1
q gording taksiran = 11 . cos 23
= 11,95 kg/m
1
Live Load = 20 . cos 23 = 21,73 kg/m
q sebenarnya = 7,51 kg/m
Total q = 41,19 kg/m
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Menentukan Besarnya T
𝐓 𝑻
𝛅=𝐀= 𝟏
𝝅𝒅𝟐
𝟒
𝟒𝑻
𝒅= √
𝝈 .𝝅
𝟒 . 𝟏𝟓𝟔, 𝟒
𝒅= √
𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎 . 𝝅
𝒅 = 𝟎, 𝟏𝟒 𝒄𝒎 = 𝟏, 𝟒 𝒎𝒎 ~ 𝒅𝒊𝒑𝒂𝒌𝒂𝒊 ∅ 𝟏𝟐𝒎𝒎
BAB III
PERENCANAAN IKATAN ANGIN
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
𝑡3 = tan 23 × 4 = 1,7
𝑡3 = 1,7 + 3 = 4,7
𝑡2 = tan 23 × 2 = 0,85
𝑡2 = 0,85 + 3 = 3,85
𝑡1 = 3
𝐴3 = 2 × 𝑡3 = 2 × 4,7 = 9,4
𝐴2 = 2 × 𝑡2 = 2 × 3,85 = 7,7
𝐴1 = 3
𝑹𝟏 = 𝑨𝟏 𝒙 𝑾 𝒙 𝒄
= 3 x 40 x 0.4
= 48
𝑹𝟐 = 𝑨𝟐 𝒙 𝑾 𝒙 𝒄
= 7,7 x 40 x 0.4
= 123,2 kg
𝑹𝟑 = 𝑨𝟑 𝒙 𝑾 𝒙 𝒄
= 9,4 x 40 x 0.4
= 150,4
𝚺𝐌𝐁 = 𝟎
8RA = 1971,2
𝐑𝐀 = 𝟐𝟒𝟔, 𝟒 𝐤𝐠
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
𝑅𝐴 − 𝑅1
𝑆=
cos ∝
246,4 − 48
𝑆= = 360,73 kg
cos 56,31
kg
Diketahui : δ = 1400 cm2
𝐒 𝐒
𝛅=𝐀=𝟏
𝛑𝐝𝟐
𝟒
𝟒𝐒
𝐝= √
𝛔 .𝛑
𝟒 . 𝟑𝟔𝟎, 𝟕𝟑
𝐝= √
𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎. 𝛑
BAB IV
DEAD LOAD
12 13
11 14
10 23 15
9 22 24 25 16
20 21
18 19 26 27
17 28 29
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
1m 0,5m
1) Berat atap sendiri : 11kg / m 2 59,75kg / m 11kg / m 2 59,75kg / m
cos 23 0 cos 23 0
1m 0,5m
6) Beban kuda – kuda: 25kg / m 2 27,16kg / m 25kg / m 2 13,5kg / m
cos 23 0 cos 23 0
LIVE LOAD
P = 100 kg
1 1 kg kg
q = (40 − 0,2𝛼) × cos α × 5 = (40 − 0,2(23)) × cos 23 × 5 = 192,29 m = 192 m
yang dipakai adalah beban q karena lebih besar
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
BEBAN ANGIN
Wki
𝑘𝑔 1
Wtekan = (0,02𝛼 − 0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
𝑘𝑔 1
= (0,02(23) − 0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
= 13,04 kg/m
𝑘𝑔
Arah x = 13,04 𝑚 sin 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= 13,04 𝑚 sin 23
= 5,15
𝑘𝑔
Arah z = 13,04 𝑚 cos 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= 13,04 𝑚 cos 23
= 12
𝑘𝑔 1
Wisap = (−0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
𝑘𝑔 1
= (−0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
= -86,91 kg/m
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
Arah x = −86,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼 Arah z = −89,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
= −86,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼 = −89,91 𝑚 cos 23
= 80 = 33,9534
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Wka
𝑘𝑔 1
Wtekan = (0,02𝛼 − 0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
𝑘𝑔 1
= (0,02(23) − 0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
= 13,04 kg/m
𝑘𝑔
Arah x = 13,04 𝑚 sin 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= 13,04 𝑚 sin 23
= 5,15
𝑘𝑔
Arah z = 13,04 𝑚 cos 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= 13,04 𝑚 cos 23
= 12
𝑘𝑔 1
Wisap = (−0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
𝑘𝑔 1
= (−0,4)40 𝑚2 × cos 23 × 5
= -86,91 kg/m
𝑘𝑔
Arah x = −86,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= −86,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼
= 80
𝑘𝑔
Arah z = −89,91 𝑚 cos 𝛼
𝑘𝑔
= −89,91 𝑚 cos 23
= 33,9534
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
Kombinasi I
Kombinasi II
Kombinasi III
Kombinasi IV
Kombinasi V
komabinasi
No batang Nama batang
Tekan Tarik
3 Bawah 3776.12
15 Atas 3863.56
23 Tegak 1087.536
28 Diagonal 918.65
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
1. Batang Atas
Ag = 940 mm2
ex = 19,7 mm
Ix = Iy = 42,4 x 104 mm4
rx = 21,2 mm
r = 13,7 mm
tp = 8 mm
b = 70 mm
t = 7 mm
a) Cek Kelangsingan
𝑏 200
≤
𝑡 √𝑓𝑦
70 200
≤
7 √250
10 ≤ 12,65 (𝑜𝑘)
b) Stabilitas
Banyak kopel = 2
1𝑚
𝑙= = 1,086 𝑚
cos 23
𝐿 1,086 𝑚
𝑙𝐼 = = = 0,362 𝑚 = 362 𝑚𝑚
1+2 1+2
𝑙𝐼 362 𝑚𝑚
𝜆𝐼 = = = 26,42
𝑟𝜂 13,7 𝑚𝑚
𝑘 × 𝑙 1 × 1086𝑚𝑚
𝜆𝑥 = = = 51,23
𝑟𝑥 21,2 𝑚𝑚
𝑡𝑝 2
𝐼𝑦 = 2 {𝐼𝑦𝐼 + 𝐴𝑔 (𝑒𝑦 + ) }
2
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
4 4 2
8 𝑚𝑚 2
𝐼𝑦 = 2 {42,4 ∙ 10 𝑚𝑚 + 940 𝑚𝑚 (19,7 𝑚𝑚 + ) } = 1903977,2 𝑚𝑚4
2
𝐼𝑦 1903977,2 𝑚𝑚4
𝑟𝑦 = √ =√ = 31,8 𝑚𝑚
2 × 𝐴𝑔 2 × 940 𝑚𝑚2
𝑘 × 𝑙 1 × 1086 𝑚𝑚
𝜆𝑦 = = = 34,15
𝑟𝑦 31,8 𝑚𝑚
𝑚 2 2
𝜆𝐼𝑦 = √𝜆𝑦 2 + 𝜆𝐼 = √34,152 + (26,42)2 = 43,18
2 2
1,46 1,46
𝜔= = = 1,12
1,6 − 0,67𝜆𝑐𝑦 1,6 − 0,67 ∙ 0,48
𝑓𝑦 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝑁𝑛 = 2 × 𝐴𝑔 × = 2 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × = 419642,86 𝑁 = 41,96 𝑡𝑜𝑛
𝜔 1,12
𝑁𝑛𝑙𝑡 = 𝐴𝑔 × 𝑓𝑐𝑙𝑡
𝐺×𝐽
𝑓𝑐𝑟𝑧 = 2
𝐴𝑔 × 𝑟0
Ε 2 × 105 Mpa
𝐺= = = 76923,07 Mpa
2(1 + ν) 2(1 + 0,3)
𝐽 = 2 ∑ 1⁄3 𝑏𝑡 3
𝑥0 = 0
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
𝑡 7 𝑚𝑚
𝑦0 = 𝑒𝑥 − = 19,7 𝑚𝑚 − = 16,2 𝑚𝑚
2 2
𝑓𝑦 250
𝑓𝑐𝑟𝑦 = = 𝑀𝑝𝑎 = 223,2 𝑀𝑝𝑎
𝜔 1,12
𝑥0 2 + 𝑦0 2 02 + (16,2 𝑚𝑚)2
𝐻 =1− 2 =1− = 0,63
𝑟0 713,5 𝑚𝑚2
𝑁𝑢
<1
Φ𝑁𝑛𝑙𝑡
3,86 𝑡𝑜𝑛
<1
0,85 × 39,9 ton
2. Batang Bawah
Ag = 940 mm2
ex = 19,7 mm
Ix = Iy = 42,4 x 104 mm4
rmin = 21,2 mm
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
r = 13,7 mm
tp = 8 mm
b = 70 mm
t = 7 mm
Cek Kelangsingan
𝜆 < 240
𝑙
< 240
𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛
1000 𝑚𝑚
< 240 → 47,17 < 240 (𝑂𝐾)
21,2 𝑚𝑚
Kondisi Leleh
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 2(𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑦 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 2 (0,9 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 423000 𝑁 = 42,3 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Kondisi Fraktur
𝐴𝑛 = 2(0,85 ∙ 𝐴𝑔) = 2(0,85 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 ) = 1598 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑒 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 × 1598 𝑚𝑚2 = 1358,3 𝑚𝑚2 ; U=0,85
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑒 ∙ 𝑓𝑢
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,75 × 1358,3 𝑚𝑚2 × 410 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 417677,25 𝑁 = 41,77 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Ag = 940 mm2
ex = 19,7 mm
Ix = Iy = 42,4 x 104 mm4
rmin = 21,2 mm
r = 13,7 mm
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
tp = 8 mm
b = 70 mm
t = 7 mm
Cek Kelangsingan
𝜆 < 240
𝑙
< 240
𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛
1700 𝑚𝑚
< 240 → 80,18 < 240 (𝑂𝐾)
21,2 𝑚𝑚
Kondisi Leleh
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑦
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,9 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 211500 𝑁 = 21,15 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Kondisi Fraktur
𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 = 0,85 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 = 799 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑒 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 × 799 𝑚𝑚2 = 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 ; U=0,85
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = (𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑒 ∙ 𝑓𝑢 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = (0,75 × 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 × 410 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 208838,625 𝑁 = 20,88 𝑡𝑜𝑛
4. Batang Diagonal
Ag = 940 mm2
ex = 19,7 mm
Ix = Iy = 42,4 x 104 mm4
rmin = 21,2 mm
r = 13,7 mm
tp = 8 mm
Tugas Struktur Baja 1
b = 70 mm
t = 7 mm
Cek Kelangsingan
𝜆 < 240
𝑙
< 240
𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛
1086
< 240 → 51,22 < 240 (𝑂𝐾)
21,2 𝑚𝑚
Kondisi Leleh
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑦
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,9 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 211500 𝑁 = 21,15 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Kondisi Fraktur
𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 = 0,85 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 = 799 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑒 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 × 799 𝑚𝑚2 = 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 ; U=0,85
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = (𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑒 ∙ 𝑓𝑢 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = (0,75 × 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 × 410 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 208838,625 𝑁 = 20,88 𝑡𝑜𝑛
BAB V
SAMBUNGAN BAUT
Diketahui:
Ag = 940 mm2
tp = 8 mm
fu = 250 Mpa
fy = 410 Mpa
Tipe Baut = A325
𝑓𝑢𝑏𝑎 = 825 𝑀𝑝𝑎
db = 16 mm
m=2
= 0,75
𝐴𝑏 = 1⁄4 𝜋𝑑2 = 1⁄4 𝜋(16)2 = 200,96 𝑚𝑚2
Kondisi Leleh
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 2(𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑦 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 2 (0,9 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2 )
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 423000 𝑁 = 42,3 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Kondisi Fraktur
𝐴𝑛 = 2(0,85 ∙ 𝐴𝑔) = 2(0,85 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 ) = 1598 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑒 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 × 1598 𝑚𝑚2 = 1358,3 𝑚𝑚2 ; U=0,85
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑒 ∙ 𝑓𝑢
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,75 × 1358,3 𝑚𝑚2 × 410 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 417677,25 𝑁 = 41,77 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Geser :
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝑚 ∙ 𝑟1 ∙ 𝑓𝑢𝑏𝑎 ∙ 𝐴𝑏
Tumpu :
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 2,4 ∙ 𝑑𝑏 ∙ 𝑡𝑝 ∙ 𝑓𝑢
41,77
∑ 𝑏𝑎𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢𝑘𝑎𝑛 = = 4,4 ≅ 5
9,4
Diketahui:
Ag = 940 mm2
tp = 8 mm
fu = 250 Mpa
fy = 410 Mpa
Tipe Baut = A325
𝑓𝑢𝑏𝑎 = 825 𝑀𝑝𝑎
db = 16 mm
m=1
= 0,75
𝐴𝑏 = 1⁄4 𝜋𝑑2 = 1⁄4 𝜋(16)2 = 200,96 𝑚𝑚2
Kondisi Leleh
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑦
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,9 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 × 250 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 21,15 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Kondisi Fraktur
𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 ∙ 𝐴𝑔 = 0,85 × 940 𝑚𝑚2 = 799 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑒 = 𝑈 ∙ 𝐴𝑛 = 0,85 × 799 𝑚𝑚2 = 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 ; U=0,85
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝐴𝑒 ∙ 𝑓𝑢
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 0,75 × 679,15 𝑚𝑚2 × 410 𝑁⁄𝑚𝑚2
𝜙 ∙ 𝑇𝑛 = 20,88 𝑡𝑜𝑛
Geser :
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 𝑚 ∙ 𝑟1 ∙ 𝑓𝑢𝑏𝑎 ∙ 𝐴𝑏
Tumpu :
𝜙𝑅𝑛 = 𝜙 ∙ 2,4 ∙ 𝑑𝑏 ∙ 𝑡𝑝 ∙ 𝑓𝑢
41,77
∑ 𝑏𝑎𝑢𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢𝑘𝑎𝑛 = = 6,7 ≅ 7
6,22