MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B.

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
DIVISION 3 CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1 .1 SCOPE.

This section covers cast-in-place concrete, complete. Unless otherwise specified herein,
concrete works shall conform to the requirements of the ACI Code. Embedded items an
d rough-ins shall be inspected and tested before concrete pouring.

1 .2 DELIVERY AND STORAGE

a. CEMENT. Cement shall be stored immediately upon receipt at the site of the
work in a suitable weatherproof and airtight structure and elevated above the
ground to prevent the absorption of moisture.

b. AGGREGATES. Aggregates shall be stored in areas covered with tightly laid

wood planks, sheet metal or other hard and clean surface, and in a manner
that wilt preclude the inclusion of foreign materials.

c. REINFORCEMENT. Reinforcement shall be stored in such a manner that will

prevent excessive rusting or coating with grease, oil, dirt, and other
objectionable materials.

PART 2.0 MATERIALS

MATERIALS:

2.1 Unless otherwise specified, all materials shall be new and free from defects and
imperfections. The quality of materials shall be of the best grade of their respective
kinds for the purpose. The work shall be performed in the best and most acceptable
manner in strict accordance with the requirements of the Plans and Specifications.
Preference will be given to articles or materials that are locally manufactured,
conditions of quality and price being equal.

A.. Concrete hollow blocks shall have a minimum thickness of 1” and a compres
sive stress as follows:

5” thick for exterior bearing walls 900 psi

4” thick other partition walls 750 psi

B.. All hollow block units shall be stored 28 days before using unless such units are
already stored for more than 28 days from the date of manufacture in the manu
facturing site.

C. Wall reinforcements shall be No. 3 10mm deformed steel bars.

 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
D. . Prematurely set units that are needed to be repaired shall be set aside & rem
oved and all other mixtures not used for more than 1 1/2 hours after mixing .

E. Mortar proportioning shall be 1 part cement and 3 parts sand. Sands to be Use
d shall be river sand well screened and properly washed without any objectiona
ble materials present on it.

2.2 Cement to be used shall conform to PNS 07,type 1.. Use Northern Cement brand for th
e construction of the whole of the structural components of the building. Cement for e
xposed concrete surfaces shall be from the mill.
2.3 REINFORCEMENT. All reinforcement steel bars , except No. 2, shall be deformed. The m
anufacturer shall submit certification of compliance to this specification prior to the del
ivery of these materials.
2.4 FINE AGGREGATES. Fine aggregates shall be clean , hard, natural sand or manufacture
d sand , or a combination of both. Aggregates shall be properly washed to remove an
y unwanted dirt and coats for proper cement and aggregate bonding.
2.5 COARSE AGGREGATES. Coarse Aggregates shall be hard, durable, uncoated gravel, c
rushed gravel, or a combination thereof. The size of coarse aggregates for all concrea
ting works shall be 3/4 . Coarse aggregates lesser than the specified may be used on h
eavily reinforced members such as on the portion of beam and column connection.
2.6 WATER. Water to be used shall be clean and free from injurious of oils, alkaline and org
anic Matters that are detrimental to the concrete mixture and the steel.

2.7 Reinforcing bars shall conform to the requirements of the ASTM Standards specification
s for billet bars (A 15-625). Minimum requirements for the deformed bars shall be within t
he specification stated at a305-56 of the said code.

PART 3.0 PROPORTIONING AND MIXING

3.1. Concrete proportion shall be as follows:

All structural works Class A 1:2:4 proportion

Other structural concrete works Class B 1:2 1/2:5 proportion

3. 2. Concrete shall have a 28-day of cylinder strength of 3000 psi for all concrete works unless
otherwise specified. Or indicated on plan.

3.3 CONCRETE DESIGNS MIX.

Concrete mixes except otherwise indicated shall be designed by the contractor.

The proportions shall be changed whenever necessary to maintain the workability,
strength, and standard of quality core the concrete covered by these
specifications, and to meet the varying conditions encountered during
construction. Test for slump and unit weight Shall be performed under the
supervision of the Construction Architect/Engineer.

3.4 SLUMP shall be determined in conformance with ASTM C 143, and shall be within the
following limits, provided the required strength is obtained:
 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS SLUMP FOR VIBRATED CONCRETE

MINIMUM MAXIMUM

Walls, columns, and 75 mm 100 mm

grade beams, 250
Maximum thickness

Other construction 50 mm 75 mm

3.5 PROPORTIONING OF MATERIALS shall be accomplished by weighing, except as otherwise

provided herein. In urgent situation, volumetric proportioning may be used , if permitted by
the Construction Architect or Engineer , who will stipulate the length of the period during
which volumetric proportioning may be used. The contractor shall furnish the necessary
equipment and shall establish accurate procedures for determining the quantities of free
moisture in the aggregates, the true volume of fine aggregates if volumetric proportioning is
used. Such procedures are subject to the approval of the Construction Architect/Engineer
and as specified hereinafter under field testing requirements. Allowable tolerances for
measuring cement and water shall be one (1%) percent; for aggregates, two (2%) percent;
and three (3%) percent for mixtures.

3.6 WEIGHT MEASUREMENT. The fine aggregate and each size of coarse aggregate shall* be
weighed separately. Cement in standard packages (bags) need •not be weighed, but bulk
cement or fractional packages shall be weighed on a scale separate from that used for
weighing other materials.

3.7 VOLUMETRIC MEASUREMENT. The weight proportions shall be transposed into equivalent
volumetric proportions by weighing representative samples of the aggregates in the
conditions in which they will be measured and in accordance with ASTM C29.

3.8 MIXING. All concrete shall be machine-mixed. In cases of emergency or small batches,
the mixing may be done by hand if so authorized by the Construction Architect/ Engineer.
Mixing shall begin within 30 minutes after the cement has been added to the aggregates. The
time of mixing after all cement and aggregates are in the mixer drum shall not be less than 1
minutes for mixers having a capacity of 1 cubic yard or less; for mixers of larger capacities,
the minimum time shall be increased 15 second for each additional cubic yard. A reduction
in the aforementioned mixing time shall be permitted if mixer performance test made at the
Contractors option and at his expense, indicate adequate mixing with the reduced time. All
mixing water shall be introduced in the drum before one-fourth of the mixing time has elapse.
The entire content of the mixer drum shall be discharges before recharging. The time elapsing
between the introduction of the mixing water to the cement and aggregates or the cement
to the aggregates and placing of the concrete in final position in the forms shall not exceed
60 minutes, if the air temperature is less than 85 degrees Fahrenheit . If the air temperature is
equl or greater than 85 degrees Fahrenheit , time elapse shall not exceed 45 minutes. The re-
tampering of concrete , i.e., re-mixing with or without additional cement, aggregate or water,
will not be permitted. In the absence of the concrete mixer , manual mixing is allowed.

3.9 SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENT. Splicing of reinforcements shall be in accordance with ACI

318, except otherwise or modified herein. Where splices in addition to those indicated on the
drawings are necessary , they shall be approved to those indicated on the drawings are
necessary, they shall be approved by the Construction Architect/Engineer prior to their use.
Splices shall not be used in grade beams and slabs at points of maximum stress. Except as
indicated or specified otherwise herein, in lieu of lapping, but splicing of reinforcement may
be permitted provided the splicing material, equal greater in cross section area to the spliced
steel, shall possess a minimum of 125 percent of the yield strength or 90 percent of the ultimate
strength of the reinforcing steel, whichever is the greater. But splicing shall preferably use
overlapping of bars sizes No. 11 and above.

3.9 READY-MIXED CONCRETE. Ready-mixed concrete is defined in this specification as

concrete produced regularly by a commercial establishment and delivered to the purchaser
in the plastic state.
 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4

PART 4.0 FORMWORKS

4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. Forms shall be provided for all concrete. Forms shall be set
true to line and grade and maintained as to ensure completed work within the allowabl
e tolerance specified, and Shall be mortar-tight. The contractor shall be responsible for t
he adequacy of forms and form support. Wire ties shall not be used where the concrete
surface will be exposed to weathering and where discoloration will be exposed

4.2 MATERIALS FOR FORMS. Forms shall be of 2” x 3” wood, ¾” wood, plywood, steel, or
other suitable materials. Wood forms for surfaces exposed view in the finished structure
and requiring a standard finish shall be plywood. For unexposed surface, undressed
square-edge lumber may be used. Forms for surfaces requiring special finishes shall be
plywood or hard-pressed fiberboard not less than 12mm thick. Surfaces of steel forms
shall be from irregularities, dents, and sags

4.3. All forms should have a sufficient strength to withstand the pressure of the po
ured concrete and each form shall be properly secured using braces and ties. Pl
ywood forms shall be used on a limit of two times only

4.4. All forms before poured with concrete shall be properly greased using any c
ommercial or used oils. Forms shall be sufficiently tight to prevent the loss of cem
ent paste.

4.5 STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS. Concrete of the various classes, if not indicated in t

he drawings and such as specified under sections, shall be proportioned and mix
ed for the following strength.

CLASS SPECIFIED CLASS SPECIFIED

COMPRESSIVE STREN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH ,
GTH , 28 Days, PSi 28 Days, PSi

AA 4,000 P 600

A 3,000

B 2,500

C 2,000

4.6 Concrete made with high-early-strength cement shall have a 7-day strength
equal to the specified 28-days strength for concrete of the classes specified ma
de with the type I or II Portland Cement.

4.7 USAGE. Concrete of the various classes shall be used as follows:

a. Class AA Concrete . For water storage tank, septic tank and other works as ind
icated.

b. Class A Concrete. For pre-cast concrete items, slabs, beams, and wall above
grade, columns, stairs, lintels, and for all reinforced work not otherwise indicated
or specified.

c. Class B Concrete. For slabs and grade , grade and tie beams, footings and for
such concrete work as indicated or specified.

d. Class C Concrete. For all concrete not reinforced except otherwise indicated
or specified.
MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
e. Cass P Concrete. For slabs on grade subject to vehicular load and as indicate
or specified.

4.7. Removal Of forms shall be done in a careful manner to avoid damages to fr

eshly hardened concrete. Forms shall not be removed until the concrete is cured
. Repairs of surface imperfections shall be performed at once and airing shall be
started as soon as the surface is sufficiently hard to permit without further damag
e. Vertical forms can be removed on the 2nd day of pouring provided that newl
y hardened concrete column shall not be exerted with excessive amount of pres
sure. Horizontal base forms for beams and slabs shall only be removed on the 28t
h day or after the concrete reaches 2000-3000 psi cylinder strength.

PART 5.0 PLACING REINFORECEMENTS

5.1. . General reinforcements provided in the plans shall be properly followed alo
ng with other minor steel reinforcements such as ties, wires ,spacers ,and chairs. A
ll reinforcements when properly laid shall be free from excessive coatings, scales
or rusts and other foreign substances that will destroy it’s strength and bond with
the concrete.

5.2. Steel reinforcements shall follow struct spacing as specified on the plan. Stee
l concrete cover shall be maintained; Three (3) inches for suspended or not expo
sed to the ground ,footing and column reinforcements embedded on ground sh
all maintain at least three (3) inches distance from outer concrete cover.

PART 6.0 . CONVEYING AND CONCRETE POURING

6.1. . Conveying of concrete shall be made as rapidly as possible from the mixer
to the form. There shall be no concrete drop greater than five (5) five meters.

6.2. Concrete shall be consolidated with a vibratory machine and with the aid sp
ading and tamping. Such tamping shall be made in a way that forms for concre
te will not be impaired.

6.3 Placing of concrete on reinforcements shall be made that no course aggreg

ates shall be separated from the mixture. A layer of mortar of similar mixture shall
be placed on the bottom of each beam to prevent material segregation

PART 7.0 CURING

7.1 . All concrete shall be periodically checked & kept moist by splashing water f
or a period of seven days consecutively.

7.2 Concrete slabs shall be covered with plastic or wet burlap and continuously
moistened by spraying by spraying water from a hose.

PART 8.0 FINISHING.

8.1.. All plastering work shall be true to the line and shall be approved by the arc
hitect. No plaster shall be more than 3 inches in thickness unless for damage rep
airs.
MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
8.2 . Slabs poured on grade must be laid on top of prepared fountain consisting
of a sub grade and a granular fill with thickness of not less than the slab thickness
unless otherwise indicated.

PART 9.0 . ERECTION

9.1. All masonry units shall be erected true to the plumb line, with levelled and properly
washed without any objectional materials present on it.

9.2. All CHB units shall be carried up & plumb all around when installed.

9.3. Lintels and planted columns shall be of concrete with a minimum depth of 0.15 (6”).
Follow reinforcement as indicated on plan.

9.4 Firewalls shall be properly moisture protected. Mix water-proofing compound to all p
laster mixtures for both faces per manufacturer’s instruction on proportion.
 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4

DIVISION 4 MASONRY

PART 1 GENERAL

1 .1 SCOPE. This section includes concrete masonry unit work, complete.

1 .2 DELIVERY, HANDLING, AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS. _ Cement and other cementitious
materials shall be delivered to the site and stored in unbroken bags, barrels or other
approved containers, plainly marked and labeled with the manufacturer's names- and
brands.

PART 2 MATERIALS
2.1 CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS shall be 2 or 3-core steam-cured modular blocks. Exterior
and interior masonry units shall be load bearing and non-load bearing units with compressive
strength of 800 psi and 400 psi respectively.
2.2 Concrete masonry walls shall be carried up and plumb all around. One section of the
wall not be carried up in advance of the others unless specifically approved. Unfinished work
shall back for joining of new work.
2.3 Concrete hollow Blocks shall have a minimum thickness of 1” and a compressive stress
as follows:
5” thick for exterior walls 900psi
4” other partition walls 750 psi
2.4 All hollow blocks units shall be stored 28 days before using unless such units are already
stored for more than 28 days from the date of manufacture in the manufacturing site.
2.5 Prematurely set units that are needed to be repaired shall be removed or disposed and
all other mixtures are not used for more than 1 ½ hours after mixing.
2.6 PORTLAND CEMENT shall be type 1 conforming to PNS 07
2.7 SAND shall conform to PNS 18 type 1.
2.8 WATER for mixing shall be potable.

2.9 REINFORCING STEEL BARS shall be corrugated structural grade.

PART 3 PROPORTIONS, MEASUREMENT AND MIXING

3.1 MORTAR MIXING. Mortar materials shall be measured by volumetric proportioning
in approved containers that will insure that the specified proportions of materials will be
controlled and accurately maintained during the progress of the work. Mortar
proportioning shall be 1 part cement and 3 parts sand. Sands to be used shall be river sand
well screened and properly washed without any objectionable materials present on it.

3.2 Reinforcing shall be positioned accurately indicated. As masonry work progresses,

vertical reinforcing shall be rigidly secured in place at vertical intervals as indicated. Splices
shall be formed by lapping bars not less than 20 bar diameter and wire tying them
together.

3.3 GROUT shall consist of a mixture of cement materials aggregate as specified hereinafter;
water shall be added in sufficient quantity to produce a fluid mixture.
 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
3.4 Stone Finishes 4.2.1 Reception and Information Countertop Slab Finish Shall be 12mm
thick non-porous Solid Surface made of high performance acrylic resin, abrasion, chemical,
fire, bacteria and fungi resistant. Color and design as per Architect’s approved sample

PART 4 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

A. Extent of each type of masonry work is indicated on drawings and schedule.

B. Types of masonry work required include:

1. Concrete Unit Masonry

2. Brick Masonry
3. Architectural units: a. Smooth Face Unit Masonry
b. Scored Unit Masonry
4. Reinforced Unit Masonry.
5. Insulated Unit Masonry

PART 5 RELATED WORK

A. Install work furnished under other sections, which must be built into unit
masonry work, including, but not limited to :

1. Glass Unit Masonry

2. Anchorage Devices
3. Flashings
4. Loose Steel Lintels

PART 6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Fire Performance Characteristics: Where indicated, provide materials and

construction which are identical to those of assemblies, equivalent thickness,
whose fire endurance has been determined by testing in compliance with
ATM E 119 by means acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Single Source Responsibility for Masonry Units : Obtain exposed masonry units
of uniform texture and color, or a uniform blend within the ranges accepted
for these characteristics, from one manufacturer for each different product
required for each continuous surface or visually related surfaces.

C. Single Source Responsibility for Mortar Materials: Obtain mortar ingredient of

uniform quality including color for exposed masonry, from one manufacturer
for each cementitious component and from one source and producer for
each aggregate.

D. Field constructed Mock-ups: Prior to installation of masonry work, erect

representative sample wall panels to further verify selections made for color
and texture characteristics, under sample submittals of masonry work for
qualities of appearance, materials, construction and workmanship.

E. Build mock-ups for the following types of masonry in sizes approximately 6’

long by 4’ high, full thickness, including face and back-up whyths as well as
accessories.

1. Each type of exposed unit masonry work.

2. Typical exterior face brick wall
 MALICDAN, JUNNIELE B. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 4
3. Typical interior brick wall.

PART 7 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data : Submit manufacturer’s product data for each type of

masonry unit, accessory and other manufactures products. Division 4 section
04200 Concrete Masonry Specification Standard Concrete Masonry Units

B. Compliance: Submit certifications that each type complies with specified

requirements.

C. Color Selection: For initial selection submit:

1. Unit masonry samples showing full extent of colors and textures available
for each type of exposed masonry unit required.
2. Colored mortar samples showing the full extent of colors available.

D. SAMPLES. For verifications purposes submit :

1. Unit masonry samples for each type of exposed masonry unit, include all
range of color and texture to be expected in completed work.

2. For selection of brick , submit products of all manufacturers that the

manufacturers of their agents consider to be their closest match. Re-
submit match meets approval of Architect.

3. Colored masonry mortar samples for each color required showing the full
range of color which can be used in the finished work. Label samples to
indicate type and amount of colorant used

PART 8 REFERENCE STANDARDS

A. Comply with the current applicable provisions of all codes, standards and
specifications referenced in this section, except as modified by the
requirements of these Contract Documents, including but not limited to, the
following AC1531-Building Code Requirements for masonry Structures.
Ac151318r-Coimmentary on Building Code Requirements for Masonry
Structures. AC1 530.1- Specification for Masonry Structures. ASTM C-90-Load
Bearing Masonry Units. ASTM C-129-Non-Load- Bearing Masonry Units. ASTM
C-140-Testing Concrete Masonry Units. ASTM C-744-Specification for Pre-
Faced Concrete and calcium silicate Masonry Units. ASTM E-119- Fire Test
with Building Construction and Materials- Technical Notes on Brick
Construction.