SPM Questions Chapter 5 : Indices and Logarithms Prepared by

YOGARAAJAA
1999,PI,No.6 B.Sc.Physics ( Hons ), UTM.
Given that log2 3 = 1.585 and log2 5 = 2.322. Find the value of 2003,PI,No.5
a) log2 45 ( 3m ) Given log2 T - log4 V = 3, express T in terms of V.
b) log4 (9/5) ( 3m ) ( 4m )
1999,PII,No.12 2003,PI,No.6
a) Given that x = log2 3, determine the value of 4x. Hence, Solve the equation 42x - 1 = 7x. ( 4m )
y
find the value of 4 if y = 1 + x. ( 5m ) 2004,PI,No.7
4x 8x + 6
b) Given that loga 3 = 0.7924. Without using a table or a Solve the equation 32 = 4 . ( 3m )
calculator, 2004,PI,No.8
i) prove that loga 27a = 3.3772, Given that log5 2 = m and log5 7 = p. Express log5 4.9
ii) solve the equation √3 x an-1 = 3 ( 5m ) in terms of m and p. ( 4m )
2005,PI,No.7
2000,PI,No.6 Solve the equation 2x + 4 - 2x + 3 = 1. ( 3m )
log2 x
a) Solve 3 = 81 ( 3m ) 2005,PI,No.8
2x 3x
b) If 3 = 8(2 ), show that x loga(9/8) = loga 8. ( 3m ) Solve log3 4x - log3 (2x -1) = 1. ( 3m )

2000,PII,No.12 2005,PI,No.9
a) Simplify log 12 49 log 64 12 Given that logm 2 = p and logm 3 = r. Express
log 16 7 ( 3m ) logm ( 27m/4) in terms of p and r. ( 4m )
2
b) Given that 3 log xy = 4 + 2 log y - log x, where x and y
are positive integers. Show that xy = 10. ( 4m ) 2006,PI,No.6
c) The total money saved in a bank after n years is Solve the equation
1
n
2000(1 + 0.07) . Determine the minimum years taken 82x 3

so that the savings exceed RM 4000. ( 3m ) 4x 2

2006,PI,No.7 ( 3m )
2001,PI,No.5 Given log2 xy = 2 + 3 log2 x - log2 y. Express y in
a) Given that log2 k = p and log3 k = r . Express logk 18 in terms of x. ( 3m )
terms of p and r . ( 4m ) 2006,PI,No.8
Solve 2 + log3 (x - 1) = log3 x. ( 3m )
2001,PII,No.12 2007,PI,No.7
a) Given that log10 x = 2 and log10 y = -1, show that Given log2 b = x and log2 c = y. Express log4(8b/c)
xy - 100y2 = 9. ( 3m ) in terms of x and y. ( 4m )
b) Solve the following equations. 2007,PI,No.8
i) 3x + 2 = 24 + 3x, Given 9(3n-1) = 27n. Find the value of n. ( 3m )
ii) log3 x = log9 (5x + 6). ( 7m ) 2008,PI,No.7
Solve the equation 162x - 3 = 84x ( 3m )
2002,PI,No.6
2λ-1
a) Given that log5 3 = k . If 5 = 15, state λ in terms of k . 2008,PI,No.8
( 3m ) Given that log4 x = log2 3, find the value of x. ( 3m)
b) Solve log2 (7t - 2) - log2 2t = -1. ( 3m )
2009,PI,No.7
2002,PII,No.12 Given 3n - 3 x 27n = 243, find the value of n. ( 3m )
a) Given 2 log4 x - 4 log16 y = 3. State x in terms of y. ( 5m )
b) Solve the following simultaneous equations. 2009,PI,No.8
m-1 k+2
2 x 32 = 16, and Given tha log8 p - log2 q = 0, express p in terms of q .
-3m 3-k
5 x 125 =1 ( 5m ) ( 3m )
Additional Questions

1993,Pl,No.6 b) Given that log5 3 = 0.683 and log5 7 = 1.209.

If 3 - log10 x = 2 log10 y, state x in terms of y. ( 4m ) Without using a calculator, find the value of
i) log5 1.4,
1993,Pl,No.13 ii) log7 75. ( 5m )
a) Given that h = logm 2, and k = logm 3.
Express in terms of h and / or k 1997,Pl,No.6
i) logm 9 Prove that log3 xy = 2 log9 x + 2 log9 y. Hence, or
ii) log6 24 ( 5m ) otherwise, find the value of x and of y that satisfy
b) Solve the following equations : the following equations.
i) 42x = 1 / 32 log3 xy = 10, and
ii) log√x 16 - log√x 2 = 3 ( 5m ) log9 x 3
=
log9 y 2 ( 6m )
1994,Pl,No.5
Solve the following equations : 1997,Pl,No.14
7
a) log3 x + log9 3x = -1 ( 3m ) a) Find the value of 3log3 without using a calculator.
b) 1 ( 3m ) ( 2m )
8x 4

4 2x x 3 b) Solve 5 logx 3 + 2 logx 2 - logx 324 = 4, stating your

1994,Pll,No.11 answer correct to 4 significant figures.
a) Given log8 n = ⅓. Find the value of n . ( 1m ) ( 4m )
r s t
b) Given 2 = 3 = 6 , express t in terms of r and s . ( 4m ) 1997,Pll,No.12
c) Given y = k xm, where k and m are constants. a) Given that 2 log3 (x + y) = 2 + log3 x + log3 y, show
y = 4 when x = 2, and y = 8 when x = 5. Find the value that x2 + y2 = 7xy. ( 3m )
of k and of m . ( 5m ) b) Without using a table, solve the equation
log9 [ log3 (4x - 5) ] = log4 2. ( 3m )
1995,Pl,No.6 c) After n years, price of a car is RM60 000(7/8)n.
Solve the following equations : After how many years does the price of the car
a) 81(272x) = 1 ( 2m ) is below RM20 000 for the first time ? ( 4m )
t
b) 5 = 26.3 ( 3m )
1995,Pll,No.12 1998,Pl,No.5
a) Given m = 2r and n = 2t, express in terms of r and/ or t , Given that log√x 4 = u , and logy 2 = w .Express log4 x3y
i) mn 3 ii) log8 m - log4 n ( 5m ) in terms of u and/ or w . ( 4m )
log 2
32
b) Temperature of a metal indreases from 30oC to T oC 1998,Pll,No.12
follows the equation T = 30( 1.2 )x when the metal is a) Given that loga 3 = x and loga 5 = y. Express
3
heated for x seconds. Calculate loga ( 45/a ) in terms of x and y. ( 2m )
i) the temperature of the metal when it is heated for b) Find the value of log4 8 + logr √r. ( 3m )
10.4 seconds, c) Two experiments were carried out to find the
ii) the time, in seconds, to increase the temperature relationship between variables x and y. Equations
of the metal from 30oC to 1500oC. ( 5m ) 3(9x) = 27y and log2 y = 2 + log2 ( x -2 ) were
1996,Pl,No.6 obtained from the first and the second experiment
n+2 n n-1
a) Simplify 2 - 2 + 10(2 ). ( 2m ) respectively. Find the value of x and of y that
x+2
b) Solve 3 - 5 = 0. ( 3m ) satisfies both the experiments. ( 5m )

1996,Pll,No.12
a) Solve the following equations :
log2 x
i) 4 =5
x x x+1
ii) 2 .3 = 5 ( 5m )
Answers ( SPM 1999 - 2009 ) ( SPM 1993 - 1998 )

1999,PI,No.6 2005,PI,No.9 1993,PI,No.6

a) 5.492 3r - 2p + 1 x = 1000/y 2
b) 0.424
2006,PI,No.6 1993,PI,No.13
1999,PII,No.6 x=1 a) i) 2k
a) 9, 36 ii) 3h k
b) ii) n = 1.3962 2006,PI,No.7 h k
y = 2x
2000,PI,No.6 b) i) x = -5/4
a) x = 16 2006,PI,No.8 ii) x = 4
x = 9/8
2000,PII,No.12 1994,PI,No.5
a) 4/3 2007,PI,No.7 a) x = 1/3
c) 11 years 3 x y b) x = -2
2
2001,PI,No.5 1994,PII,No.11
a) 2 p r 2007,PI,No.8 a) n = 2
pr n = 1/2 b) t rs
r s
2001,PII,No.12 2008,PI,No.7 c) k = 2.368, m = 0.7565
b) i) x = 1 x = -3
ii) x = 6 1995,PI,No.6
2008,PI,No.8 a) x = -2/3
2002,PI,No.6 x=9 b) t = 2.031
a) k 2
2 2009,PI,No.7 1995,PII,No.12
b) t = 1/3 n=2 a) i) r + 3t - 5
ii) 2 r 3t
2002,PII,No.12 2009,PI,No.8 6
3
a) x = 8y p=q b) i) 199.8 o C
b) k = -2, m = 5 ii) 21.46 s

2003,PI,No.5 1996,PI,No.6
T 8 V a) 8(2 n )
b) x = -0.535
2003,PI,No.6
x = 1.677 1996,PII,No.12 1997,PI,No.6
a) i) x 5 x= 729, y = 81
2004,PI,No.7 ii) x = 8.827
x=3 b) i) 0.209
ii) 2.219 1997,PII,No.12
2004,PI,No.8 b) x = 8
2p - m - 1 1997,PI,No.14 c) After 9 yrs
a) 7
2005,PI,No.7 b) x = 1.316
x = -3
1998,PI,No.5 1998,PII,No.12
2005,PI,No.8 6 1 a) 2x + y - 3
x = 3/2 u 2w b) 2
c) x = 5/2
y=2