Complete this form in accordance with the Attachment “Instructions for filling out the programme
design document form for small-scale CDM programmes of activities” at the end of this form.
1
This proposed PoA was initially notified under the name “Rice Husk Gasification in South East Asia LDCs Project
programme of activities” on 30/09/2013.
2
This proposed PoA was initially notified under the name “Rice Husk Gasification in South East Asia LDCs Project
programme of activities” on 30/09/2013.
3
Baseline study waste to energy for the rice milling sector in Cambodia
http://www.snvworld.org/download/publications/baseline_report-in_line_indicators_v2_final_with_snv_template.pdf
The overall development objective is to alleviate poverty of local people and to mitigate climate
change through reducing dependence on diesel for energy generation or the carbon intensive grid.
The programme utilizes biomass energy generation technologies, thus contributing to environment
sustainability and climate change mitigation.
A.2.2. Framework for the implementation of the proposed PoA.
Nexus Carbon for Development Ltd (hereafter referred as “Nexus”) will coordinate the PoA as the
Coordinating/Managing Entity (CME) and be responsible for the overall management of the PoA.
Nexus will support the project implementer(s) in implementing the Component Project Activities
(CPAs). The scheme after implementation will result in reduction of GHG emissions (CO2) from
diesel consumption for mechanical and/or electrical energy. Nexus will act as the focal point for all
the carbon finance related activities and communications of the PoA. Nexus would also be
responsible for contracting the DOE for the PoA and would interact directly with DOE and EB as
well as the GS to fulfil all the validation, registration and verification requirements. The programme
and its managing entity thereby aim to contribute to reduction of fossil fuels to generate electricity
or mechanical energy. The first CPA would constitute 03 micro scale Rice Husk Gasification (RHG)
units operating at different locations in Cambodia with a total capacity of 360 kW. Subsequent CPA
shall have a maximum total capacity of up to 5 MW. More CPA will be launched as more and more
entrepreneurs become a part of the initiative. Nexus will be the managing entity of all the
subsequent CPAs.
In summary, Nexus is responsible for:
Ensure that CPAs are correctly included in the PoA
Collect, manage and archive the ER data from every CPAs
Produce overall monitoring report
Coordinate with Designated Operational Entities (DOE) and other parties
Distributing the sales income from carbon credit.
The figure below illustrates PoA chart.
DNA
CDM EEB Buye
ers
CME
DOE Stake‐
auditor holders
Mem
mber CPA Impleementers
st th
1 CPA Implemente
er 2nd CP
PA Impleme
enter n CPA Implem
menter
CPA … CP
PA* CPA … CPA* CPA 1
1 … CPA*
1 * 1 * *
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Contribution to national policies and objectives: The programme supports in the efforts of the
government of the host country to use available renewable energy sources for energy
generation4. The electrification rate of the country is low and areas are faced with brown-outs
and blackouts. The government of the host country aims to use the available electricity
efficiently and use as many as possible renewable energy sources.
A.4. Party(ies)
Private and/or public Indicate if the Party involved
Name of Party involved entity(ies) project wishes to be considered as
(host) indicates host Party participants, CME (as project participant (
applicable) Yes/No/NA)
Cambodia (host) Nexus Carbon for No
Development Ltd
4
Renewable Energy Development in Cambodia www.eria.org/RPR_FY2012_No.26_chapter_7.pdf
5
http://geography.about.com/library/cia/blccambodia.htm
A.6. Technologies/measures
>>
Technology A: Gasification technology
Currently the rice mills or small power plants use diesel powered systems to generate mechanical
or electrical energy. In the CPAs the diesel powered systems are replaced by a gasification unit
and a dual powered system (diesel and syngas from the gasification unit) to generate mechanical
energy. In certain cases electrical energy might be generated.
Figure 4: Gasification
n technologyy
Fig
gure 5: Four process in gasificattion
The relevaant scope for
f this ricee-husk wastte to energ
gy programme is secto
orial scope
e 1: Energy
y
industries (renewable - / non-renewable sou
urces).
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For the deescription of
o above, where
w relevvant, consid
der applica
able provisioons for application off
selected bbaseline annd monitorin
ng methodology for small-scale
s project acctivities in the
t Projectt
standard.
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technologies in the proposed PoA are imported from more developed countries (such as India),
therefore employees will be trained in high standard technology.
Both KfW and EEP Mekong are not the project participants to the PoA. There is not any obligation
from the CME or the CPA Implementers to pay back the fund by carbon credit to be issued by the
PoA. In other word, the Annex 1 Parties does not have any right to the carbon credit or does not
request to reimburse the provided fund. The fund contracts are provided to the DOE for
confirmation.
The ODA declaration form from the CME and CPA implementers will be provided to confirm that
such funding does not result in a diversion of official development assistance and is separate from
and is not counted towards the financial obligations of those Parties.
Non-ODA diversion letters will be made available for each CPA, if applicable.
Nexus, as the PoA CME has developed the following eligibility conditions for the inclusion of each
type of CPA(s) under the PoA. The eligibility criterions are defined below which is in line with the
requirements of “Standard for demonstration of additionality, development of eligibility criteria and
application of multiple methodologies for programme of activities”, version 03.0, EB 74, annex 5
and the applicability criterions of the applied methodology(ies): AMS I.A, AMS I.B and AMS I.D
accordingly. In summary, the eligibility criteria for inclusion of a CPA is as follow:
6
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
7
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
The CME shall check the date of the placement of the The date at which the order for the first
Conditions to check the start date of first work order with respect to the installation of any project unit/system in the CPA is placed
(d) the CPA through documentary mitigation measure in the CPA, which shall be after (equipment contract)
evidence; 30/09/20139 and earlier than the end date of the PoA
(28 years from the date of registration).
Conditions that ensure compliance Evidences will be checked base on applied
with applicability and other Each CPA shall satisfy the applicability criteria of its methodology(ies) in the table(s) 3, 4 and 5
(e)
requirements of single or multiple specific CPA Case of the PoA DD where applicable.
methodologies applied by CPAs;
Project description that total capacity is
The conditions that ensure that Total capacity of mitigation measure in any CPA equal or less than 5MW.
CPAs meet the requirements
(f) shall be less than or equal to 5 MW. Equipment contracts of all units in CPA
pertaining to the demonstration of
additionality All mitigation measure will be located in Cambodia. if available for cross checking
GPS locations of units.
The local stakeholder consultation meeting shall be LSC at CPA level is conducted before
conducted for each CPA at the time of inclusion. The submitting to CPA inclusion?
CME shall verify all the documents related to ☐ Yes
The PoA-specific requirements
stakeholder consultation meeting and the solicitation of ☐ No
stipulated by the CME including any
the comments received from the stakeholder meetings
(g) conditions related to undertaking All comments received for the CPA were
will be described in section C of the specific CPA DD.
local stakeholder consultations and considered by the CPA implementer?
environmental impact analysis; The EIA requirement and Environment Management
☐ Yes
Plan for each CPA shall be checked as per the
prevailing host party laws. If license is required by the ☐ No
law, the CPA Implementer is requested to provide for
8
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
9
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
10
https://www.cambodiadaily.com/jobs/consultant-82737/
Debundling check carried out in line with the latest Address of installation
approved version of the “Methodological tool: Name of the unit owner
Assessment of debundling for small-scale project
Equipment contract for each unit.
activities” (version 04.0 EB 83, Annex 13 or the latest
applicable version at time of inclusion). CME will check
whether:
Where applicable, the requirements
for the debundling check, in case For the purposes of registration of a Programme of
(l)
CPAs belong to small-scale (SSC) Activities (PoA), a proposed small-scale CPA of a PoA
or micro-scale project categories. shall be deemed to be a de-bundled component of a
large scale activity if there is already an activity, which
satisfies both conditions (a) and (b) below:
(a) Has the same activity implementer as the proposed
small scale CPA or has a coordinating or managing
entity, which also manages a large scale PoA of the
same technology/measure, and;
11
National/regional grid.
12
Not connected to a national/regional grid.
13
Physically distinct units are those that are capable of generating electricity without the operation of existing units, and that do not directly affect the mechanical, thermal, or electrical
characteristics of the existing facility. For example, the replacement of the nacelle assembly or blades of a wind battery charger would not be considered “physically distinct”.
14
Available on <http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/SSCmethodologies/approved.html>.
16
Physically distinct units are those that are capable of generating electricity without the operation of existing units, and that do not directly affect the mechanical, thermal, or electrical
characteristics of the existing facility. For example, the addition of a steam turbine to an existing combustion turbine to create a combined cycle unit would not be considered
“physically distinct”.
Management
M
Technical Director re
epresentative
Programme L
Legal and Fina
ance, Marketing,
Intern
nal audit
Manager Business Develo
opment Mana agers
Suppliers
Implementter(s) 1 Im
mplementer(s)) 2 Imp
plementer(s) ***
CPA
A1 CPA2
2 CPA3 CPA1 CPA2 CPA3 CPA1 CPA2 CPA3
CPA unit CPA unit
Figure 7:
7 Managem
ment struc
cture.
No Posittion in PoA
A Tasks
agement
Mana Central point of con
ntact, inform
mation and overall
o conttrol for the
1
Repre
esentative system
Regularrly check thee process and
a provide an indepen ndent assurrance
service to the Mana agement Reepresentativ
ve, focusing
g on review
wing
2 Intern
nal audit
the effecctiveness of
o the implem
menting andd monitoring
g procedurees has
put into place.
• Technical review for PoA DD D, first CPA DD, generic CPA DD, Excel
Techn nical calculations.
3
Direcctor/Manage
er • Inclusiion of CPA
• Monitooring report,, ER calcula
ation
Version 04
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Legal and
• Review all legal documents with the CME.
7 Finance
• Facilitate the transportation for site visit.
Manager
CPA Implement the CPA
8
Implementer Monitoring and reporting procedure
9 Supplier Provide technical equipment and training
De-bundling checks
For the purposes of registration of this proposed Programme of Activities (PoA), the CME will
check whether there is already an activity, 17 which satisfies both conditions (a) and (b) below:
(a) Has the same activity implementer as the proposed small scale CPA or has a coordinating or
managing entity, which also manages a large scale PoA of the same technology/measure, and;
(b) The boundary is within 1 km of the boundary of the proposed small-scale CPA, at the closest
point.
If all of gasification units included in the CPA of a PoA is equal or less than 1% of the small-scale
thresholds defined by the methodology applied (150 kW), then that CPA of PoA is exempted from
performing de-bundling check i.e., considering as not being a de-bundled component of a large
scale activity.
All monitored data shall be kept in the PoA database for each monitoring period.
Technical director shall cross-check all the recorded data with the PoA database for
consistency.
The PoA database shall be stored in Nexus’ server which will be regularly backed up to
ensure data safety
All the data shall be kept for 2 years after the crediting period
17
Which may be a (i) registered small-scale CPA of a PoA,(ii) an application to register another small-scale CPA of a
PoA or (iii) another registered CDM project activity.
Internal audit
Annually, the person in charge of internal audit will check the process and provide an independent
assurance service to the Director, focusing on reviewing the effectiveness of the implementing and
monitoring procedures has put into place.
18
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
Diesel
Rice husk
Syngas
Figure 8: Baseline and project scenarios
19
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk,
Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in
http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
The physical, geographical site of the renewable energy generating unit and the equipment that
uses the electricity produced delineates the CPA boundary as in the figure below. The generation
units present in the proposed CPA are all located in Cambodia therefore they are within the
boundary of the PoA. This is depicted in the diagrams below.
20
Please find detail in Section B.6 the leakage assessment.
Biomass Biomass
Syngas
Biomass Storage
Diesel
Gasification units
Electricity
Monitor
parameter
Filters Generator
CO2 emissions
Diesel
Therefore, in the absence of the proposed CPA, the electricity would continue to be generated by
the diesel based generators as in the business as usual scenario. In such scenario GHGs would
be released in the atmosphere as a result of the diesel consumption.
Baseline emissions from electricity generation are calculated based on the amount of diesel used
and the emission factor of diesel. For more details, please refer to the Section B.6.1.
21
Energy sector in Cambodia https://www. eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/3115.pdf
The CME shall check the date of the placement of The date at which the order for the first
Conditions to check the start date the first work order with respect to the installation of project unit/system in the CPA is placed Yes
(d) of the CPA through documentary any mitigation measure in the CPA, which shall be (equipment contract) /No/
evidence; after 30/09/201323 and earlier than the end date of NA
the PoA (28 years from the date of registration).
Conditions that ensure compliance Evidences will be checked base on applied
with applicability and other Each CPA shall satisfy the applicability criteria of its methodology(ies) in the table(s) 3, 4 and 5 of Yes
(e)
requirements of single or multiple specific CPA Case the PoA DD where applicable. /No/
methodologies applied by CPAs; NA
Project description that total capacity is
The conditions that ensure that Total capacity of mitigation measure in any CPA equal or less than 5MW. Yes
CPAs meet the requirements will be less than 5 MW. /No/
(f) Equipment contracts of all units in CPA if
pertaining to the demonstration of All mitigation measure will be located in NA
available for cross checking
additionality Cambodia.
GPS locations of units
22
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
23
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
Debundling check carried out in line with the latest Address of installation
approved version of the “Methodological tool: Name of the unit owner Yes
Assessment of debundling for small-scale project /No/
Equipment contract for each unit.
activities” (version 04.0 EB 83, Annex 13 or the NA
Where applicable, the requirements latest applicable version at time of inclusion). CME
for the debundling check, in case will check whether:
(l)
CPAs belong to small-scale (SSC) For the purposes of registration of a Programme of
or micro-scale project categories. Activities (PoA), a proposed small-scale CPA of a
PoA shall be deemed to be a de-bundled
component of a large scale activity if there is
already an activity, which satisfies both conditions
(a) and (b) below:
24
National/regional grid.
25
Not connected to a national/regional grid.
26
Physically distinct units are those that are capable of generating electricity without the operation of existing units, and that do not directly affect the mechanical, thermal, or electrical
characteristics of the existing facility. For example, the replacement of the nacelle assembly or blades of a wind battery charger would not be considered “physically distinct”.
27
Available on <http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/SSCmethodologies/approved.html>.
BE CO 2 , y E BL , y * EF CO 2
Where:
The energy baseline is the fuel consumption of the technology in use or that would have been used
in the absence of the project activity to generate the equivalent quantity of energy,28 estimated
using the following option:
Option 1: the energy baseline is calculated based on the average annual electricity consumption of
the consumers as per the below:
E BL , y n
i i * EC i, y 1 l (1)
Where:
EBL,y Annual energy baseline; kWh
i
The sum over the group of i renewable energy technologies (e.g. renewable energy
technologies for households, rural health centres, rural schools, grain milling, water
pumping, irrigation, etc.) implemented as part of the project activity
ni Number of consumers supplied by installations of the renewable energy technology
belonging to the group of i renewable energy technologies during the year
ECi,y Average annual individual energy consumption observed in closest grid electricity
systems among rural grid connected consumers belonging to the same group of i
renewable energy technologies. If energy consumption is metered, ECi,y is the average
energy consumed 29 by consumers belonging to the group of i renewable energy
technologies; kWh
l Average technical distribution losses that would have been observed in diesel powered
mini-grids installed by public programmes or distribution companies in isolated areas,
expressed as a fraction30
28
Renewable energy lighting applications shall consider the equivalent level of lighting service instead of energy (See
annex 1 of EB 08).
29
Potential oversizing of the power capacity installed or energy generated by the CDM project activity shall not be
reflected in the baseline and emissions reduction calculation. For this reason, the energy value taken into account
shall be the energy consumed. It cannot be the electricity output, except if the project participant justifies that it
represents a reasonable estimate of the energy that would have been generated by a diesel generator larger than
35 kW and operating with a load factor of at least 50% to provide similar electricity services.
30
A reasonable default value for distribution losses on low voltage rural distribution grid could be 20%. Project
proponents shall demonstrate in the PDD that in the absence of the project activity electricity supply would have
entailed distribution losses e.g. users are in distributed locations, else a value of L=0 shall be used.
Leakage
31
“General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
In case of the proposed CPA, the used biomass is biomass residues therefore only leakage for
“Competing use of biomass” needs to be considered.
The project participant shall evaluate ex ante if there is a surplus of the biomass in the region of
the project activity, which is not utilised. If it is demonstrated (e.g., using published literature, official
reports, surveys etc.) at the beginning of each crediting period that the quantity of available
biomass in the region (e.g., 50 km radius),is at least 25% larger than the quantity of biomass that is
utilised including the project activity, then this source of leakage can be neglected otherwise this
leakage shall be estimated and deducted from the emission reductions.
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
In which:
ERy : Emission reduction
BEy : Baseline Emission
PEy : Project Emission
LEy : Leakage Emission
BE CO 2 , y E BL , y * EF CO 2
Where:
Project Emission
According to the section above, PEy = PEFC,j,y:
= [INSERT NUMBER]
Leakage
The project equipment will be newly purchased and the rice husk used for the gasification
unit will be from the project’s mills so the leakage emission for transferred equipment is
zero.
“Competing use of biomass” leakage:
LEy = [INSERT NUMBER]
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
= [INSERT NUMBER] t CO2/year
B.7. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan
The CPAs in this proposed PoA shall install the gasification units using renewable biomass for
supplying electricity to the individual household, users that do not have grid connection or the
group of households or users who are supplied electricity through a standalone mini-grid powered
Monitored data
The parameter for electricity generated by all systems EBL,y will be calculated from
individual user measurement during monitoring period. This will include the annual check of
all systems to ensure that they are still operating according to the paragraph 15 of
methodology AMS I.A version 16
Biomass quantity
Amount of diesel consumption
Monitoring organization
The structure of the monitoring group is as follows:
Nexus
CPA implementer
QA/QC procedures
The recorded electricity generation value will be cross-checked with the sale invoices to the
users. Power meter which will be maintained and calibrated according to the national
standards or manufacturer’s suggestion.
The diesel and each type of biomass fuel consumption should also be cross-checked with
available purchase invoices from the financial records
In case of any data missing, the Gasification unit manager will seek CPA implementer for
guidance. The missing period will be conservatively estimated base on other available data.
Training
Before the start of the crediting period, the CME will in close collaboration with the CPA
implementer develop a training manual that will clearly lay out rules and procedures for all activities
related to data recording, archiving
Diesel
Rice husk
Syngas
32
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk,
Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in
http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
The proposed CPA is a Type I project, as it is involved generation of mechanical energy using
renewable energy. This fundamental objective of the CPA shall remain consistent throughout the
crediting period of the CPA. Thus, the proposed CPA will be a Type I activity for its entire crediting
period.
The physical, geographical site of the renewable energy generating unit and the equipment that
uses the produced mechanical energy delineates the CPA boundary as in the figure below. The
generation units present in the proposed CPA are all located in Cambodia therefore they are within
the boundary of the PoA. This is depicted in the diagrams below.
33
Please find detail in Section B.6 the leakage assessment.
Biomass Biomass
Syngas
Biomass Storage
Diesel
Gasification units Operation
hours
Monitor
parameter
Filters Engine
CO2 emission
Diesel
34
For definition of SUZ refer to the “Methodological tool: Demonstrating additionality of microscale project activity,
version 06.0, EB83 Annex 12
The baseline scenario for the proposed project activity is defined according to the AMS I.B that
under a suppressed demand scenario determined using the procedure above “diesel based
generator(s) or pump(s) is deemed to be the baseline.”
Therefore in the absence of the proposed CPA, the mechanical energy would continue to be
generated by the diesel based engines as in the business as usual scenario. In such scenario
GHGs would be released in the atmosphere as a result of the diesel consumption.
Baseline emissions from mechanical energy generation are calculated based on the power
requirements times hours of operation per year times the emission factor for diesel generator
systems. For more details, please refer to the Section B.6.1.
35
Energy sector in Cambodia https://www. eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/3115.pdf
The CME shall check the date of the placement The date at which the order for the first project
of the first work order with respect to the unit/system in the CPA is placed (equipment Yes
Conditions to check the start date
installation of any mitigation measure in the CPA, contract) /No/
(d) of the CPA through documentary
which shall be after 30/09/201337 and earlier than NA
evidence;
the end date of the PoA (28 years from the date
of registration).
Conditions that ensure compliance Evidences will be checked base on applied
with applicability and other Each CPA shall satisfy the applicability criteria of methodology(ies) in the table(s) 3, 4 and 5 of Yes
(e)
requirements of single or multiple its specific CPA Case the PoA DD where applicable. /No/
methodologies applied by CPAs; NA
The conditions that ensure that Project description that total capacity is
Total capacity of mitigation measure in any
CPAs meet the requirements equal or less than 5MW. Yes/
(f) CPA will be less than 5 MW.
pertaining to the demonstration of Equipment contracts of all units in CPA if No/
additionality All mitigation measure will be located in NA
36
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
37
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
Project Emission
Project emissions consist of:
CO2 emissions from consumption of electricity not generated from the project activity (if
applicable).
∑ ,, 0.8439 0.0032 ,,
Where:
,, : Quantity of diesel consumption in unit i in year y (l)
0.8439 Default value for diesel density39 (kg/l)
0.0032 Default value for the CO2 emission factor of diesel (t CO2/kg diesel)
,, : Project emissions due to electricity consumption in year y (t CO2).
This parameter shall be calculated as per the latest version of the
“Tool to calculate baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from
electricity consumption”
N : Number of units
: Project emissions in year y (t CO2)
Leakage
General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities shall be followed to quantify leakages
pertaining to the use of biomass residues. According to the “General guidance on leakage in
biomass project activities”40 the following leakage need to be considered:
39
International Energy Agency and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development. 2004. Energy statistic
manual.
In case of the CPA-[INSERT NUMBER], the used biomass is biomass residues (rice husk)
therefore only leakage for “Competing use of biomass” needs to be considered.
The project participant shall evaluate ex ante if there is a surplus of the biomass in the region of
the project activity, which is not utilised. If it is demonstrated (e.g., using published literature, official
reports, surveys etc.) at the beginning of each crediting period that the quantity of available
biomass in the region (e.g., 50 km radius),is at least 25% larger than the quantity of biomass that is
utilised including the project activity, then this source of leakage can be neglected otherwise this
leakage shall be estimated and deducted from the emission reductions.
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
In which:
ERy : Emission reduction
BEy : Baseline Emission
PEy : Project Emission
LEy : Leakage Emission
40
“General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
Data / Parameter N
Unit
Description Total number of units in the proposed CPA
Source of data CME Database
Value(s) applied [INSERT NUMBER]
Choice of data Determined before the CPA inclusion.
or
Measurement
methods and
procedures
Purpose of data For calculating the baseline emission and project emission
Additional comment
Project Emission
Project emissions consist of:
CO2 emissions from consumption of electricity not generated from the project activity (if
applicable).
∑ ,, 0.8439 0.0032 ,,
Where:
,, : Quantity of diesel consumption in unit i = [INSERT
in year y (l) NUMBER]
Default value for diesel density41 (kg/l) = 0.8439
Default value for the CO2 emission = 0.0032
factor of diesel (t CO2/kg diesel)
,, : Project emissions due to electricity = 0
consumption in year y (t CO2). This
parameter shall be calculated as per
the latest version of the “Tool to
calculate baseline, project and/or
leakage emissions from electricity
consumption”
N : Number of units = [INSERT
NUMBER]
: Project emissions in year y = [INSERT
(t CO2/year) NUMBER]
Leakage
“Competing use of biomass” leakage:
The expected rice production for each rice mill is [INSERT NUMBER] tons/year42, with the residual
production rate of 0.2743, the generated rice husk per year at the rice mill is [INSERT NUMBER]
tons/year
According to the technical specification of equipment, the maximum biomass consumption 44 is
[INSERT NUMBER] kg/h, provided that the operation hour is [INSERT NUMBER] h/year45, the
maximum rice husk consumption per year is [INSERT NUMBER] tons rice husk.
Therefore the rice husk consumption is only [INSERT NUMBER] %. In other word, the generated
rice husk only from the rice mill (not including other rice husk sources in surrounding area) is
[INSERT NUMBER] % larger than the quantity of biomass that is utilized by the project activity,
then this source of leakage can be neglected according to the “General guidance on leakage in
biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
41
International Energy Agency and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development. 2004. Energy statistic
manual.
42
Source [ZZZ]
43
Theoretical bioenergy residue potential in Cambodia and Laos
44
Source [ZZZ]
45
Source [ZZZ]
B.7. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan
Data / Parameter: Hi
Data unit: Hour
Description: Operation time of engine in unit i
Source of data: Plant log book at project site
Value(s) applied
[INSERT NUMBER]
Measurement
Estimating the average annual hours of operation of an average
methods and
system, if necessary using survey methods. Annual hours of
procedures
operation can be estimated from total output (e.g. tonnes of grain
dried) and output per hour if an accurate value of output per hour is
available
Monitoring Recording annually the number of project systems operating,
frequency:
QA/QC procedures: The result could be cross check with the record on total milled rice.
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emissions;
Any comment: This is also evidence for continuous operation of the
equipment/system
Data / Parameter: -
Data unit: %
Description: Moisture content of the biomass residues (wet basis)
Source of data: On-site measurements
Measurement The project continues to use same type of biomass during the rest of
procedures (if any): the crediting period so the ex-ante value is used during the crediting
period. The moisture content of rice husk ranged from 8.68% to
10.44%46. For conservative the highest value 10.44% is applied for this
specific CPA.
46
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00908319708908904#.Vdavl27MCM8
Monitored data
The average of Hi and FCdiesel,i,y , quantity of biomass with its NCV and moisture content will be
measured during monitoring period.
Monitoring organization
The structure of the monitoring group is as follows:
Nexus
CPA implementer
QA/QC procedures
The recorded operating hour will be cross-checked with the production output
The diesel and each type of biomass fuel consumption should also be cross-checked with
available purchase invoices from the financial records
In case of any data missing, the Gasification unit manager will seek CPA implementer for
guidance. The missing period will be conservatively estimated base on other available data.
Training
Before the start of the crediting period, the CME will in close collaboration with the CPA
implementer develop a training manual that will clearly lay out rules and procedures for all activities
related to data recording, archiving
End user
SECTION B. App
plication of a baselin
ne and mo
onitoring methodolog
m gy and sta
andardized
d
bas
seline
Version 04
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CDM-SSC-PoA-DD-FORM
General Guidelines to SSC CDM Methodologies, version 22 EB86, Annex 13.
The spatial extent of the project boundary includes the project power plant and all power plants
connected physically to the electricity system that the CDM project power plant is connected to The
generation units present in the proposed CPA are all located in Cambodia therefore they are within
the boundary of the PoA. This is depicted in the diagrams below.
Biomass
47
Energy sector in Cambodia https://www. eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/3115.pdf
The date at which the order for the
The CME shall check the date of the placement of first project unit/system in the CPA is Yes
Conditions to check the start date the first work order with respect to the installation of placed (equipment contract) /No/
(d) of the CPA through documentary any mitigation measure in the CPA, which shall be NA
evidence; after 30/09/201348 and earlier than the end date of The date at which the first project
the PoA (28 years from the date of registration). unit/system in the CPA is installed
(work progress report)
Conditions that ensure compliance Evidences will be checked base on applied
with applicability and other Each CPA shall satisfy the applicability criteria of its methodology(ies) in the table(s) 3, 4 and 5 of Yes
(e)
requirements of single or multiple specific CPA Case the PoA DD where applicable. /No/
methodologies applied by CPAs; NA
Project description that total capacity is
The conditions that ensure that Total capacity of mitigation measure in any CPA equal or less than 5MW. Yes
CPAs meet the requirements will be less than 5 MW. /No/
(f) Equipment contracts of all units in CPA if
pertaining to the demonstration of All mitigation measure will be located in NA
available for cross checking
additionality Cambodia.
GPS locations of units.
48
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
Debundling check carried out in line with the latest Address of installation
approved version of the “Methodological tool: Name of the unit owner Yes
Assessment of debundling for small-scale project /No/
Equipment contract for each unit.
activities” (version 04.0 EB 83, Annex 13 or the NA
Where applicable, the requirements latest applicable version at time of inclusion). CME
for the debundling check, in case will check whether:
(l)
CPAs belong to small-scale (SSC) For the purposes of registration of a Programme of
or micro-scale project categories. Activities (PoA), a proposed small-scale CPA of a
PoA shall be deemed to be a de-bundled
component of a large scale activity if there is
already an activity, which satisfies both conditions
(a) and (b) below:
49
Physically distinct units are those that are capable of generating electricity without the operation of existing units, and that do not directly affect the mechanical, thermal, or electrical
characteristics of the existing facility. For example, the addition of a steam turbine to an existing combustion turbine to create a combined cycle unit would not be considered
“physically distinct”.
BE y EG BL , y * EFCO 2 , grid , y
Where:
Calculation of EGPJ,y
The calculation of EGPJ,y is different for greenfield plants, capacity additions, retrofits, and
replacements. Á the proposed CPA is the installation of a greenfield power plant, then:
, , ,
Where:
The emission factor can be calculated in a transparent and conservative manner as follows:
(a) A combined margin (CM), consisting of the combination of operating margin (OM) and build
margin (BM) according to the procedures prescribed in the “Tool to calculate the Emission
Factor for an electricity system”;
OR
(b) The weighted average emissions (in t CO2/MWh) of the current generation mix. The data of
the year in which project generation occurs must be used.
Calculations shall be based on data from an official source (where available) and made publicly
available.
Project Emission
CO2 emissions from on-site consumption of fossil fuels due to the project activity shall be
calculated using the latest version of the “Tool to calculate project or leakage CO2 emissions from
fossil fuel combustion”.
Where:
PEBC,y = Emissions resulting from cultivation of biomass in a dedicated plantation, in year y
(tCO2e)
PESM,y = Emissions resulting from soil management, in year y (t CO2e)
PEEC,y = Emissions resulting from energy consumption, in year y (t CO2e)
PEBB,y = Emissions resulting from burning of biomass, in year y (t CO2e)
PETR,y = Emissions resulting from transport of biomass, in year y (t CO2e)
Where:
PESM,y = Emissions resulting from soil management, in year y (t CO2e)
PESOC,y = Emissions resulting from loss of soil organic carbon, in year y (t CO2e)
PESF,y = Emissions resulting from of soil fertilization and management, in year y (t CO2e)
PESA,y = Emissions resulting from soil amendment (liming), in year y (t CO2e)
Emissions resulting from loss of soil organic carbon are estimated as follows:
Where:
PESOC,y = Emissions resulting from loss of soil organic carbon, in year y(t CO2e)
T = Length of the first crediting period of the project in years (7 or 10)
50
According to the “Methodological tool Project and leakage emissions from biomass”, Version 02.0
Where:
Where:
PESF,y= Emissions resulting from soil fertilization and management, in year y (t CO2e)
qN,y = Rate of nitrogen applied, in year y (t N/ha)
AFTM,y = Area of land subjected to soil fertilization and management, in year y (ha)
EFFT = Aggregate emission factor for N2O and CO2 emissions resulting from production and
application of nitrogen (t CO2e/(t N)). A default value of 13.3 t CO2e/(t N)shall be used
Where:
PESA,y = Emissions resulting from soil amendment by liming, in year y(t CO2e)
qLM,y = Rate of application of limestone, in year y (t/ha)
Where:
PEBB,y = Emissions resulting from burning of biomass, in year y (t CO2e)
44/12 = Factor for converting units from t C to t CO2e; dimensionless
0.47= Default value of carbon fraction of biomass burnt; dimensionless
1.07 = Factor to account for non-CO2 emissions from biomass burning; dimensionless. If
biomass is cleared without using open fire, then this factor is set equal to 1 (one)
AFR,i,y = Area of stratum i of land subjected to fire in year y (ha)
bi = Fuel biomass consumption per hectare in stratum i of land subjected to fire (t dry
matter/ha)
Ri = Root-shoot ratio (i.e. ratio of below-ground biomass to aboveground biomass) for stratum
i of land subjected to fire; dimensionless
i = Strata of areas of land
Leakage
General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities shall be followed to quantify leakages
pertaining to the use of biomass residues. For biomass residues which are used, the leakage for
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
In which:
ERy : Emission reduction
BEy : Baseline Emission
PEy : Project Emission
LEy : Leakage Emission
51
“General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
Furthermore, for projects including biomass cultivation, the following parameter shall be known.
BE y EG BL , y * EFCO 2 , grid , y
Where:
, , ,
Project Emission
The proposed CPA will utilized renewable biomass for electricity generation, therefore PEFF,y = 0.
Project emissions resulting from cultivation of biomass in a dedicated plantation:
PEBC,y = [INSERT NUMBER]
Leakage
B.7. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan
Monitoring
Continuously measured by power meter and monthly recording
frequency
QA/QC procedures The uncertainty level of this data is low. The measurement/
to be applied: monitoring equipment should be complied with national
standard and technology. The accuracy level of the power
meter will be at least 2.0s according to the national standard.52
Power meter which will be maintained and calibrated according
to the national standards or manufacturer’s suggestion.
Double checking invoices. Data will be archived within the
crediting period and 2 years after the end of the crediting
period.
Any comment: Use for calculating ERy
Data / Parameter: -
Data unit: Tonne
Description: Quantity of biomass consumed in year y
Source of data Project activity site
52
Electric power technical standards of the Kingdom of Cambodia.
Data / Parameter: -
Data unit: %
Description: Moisture content of the biomass (wet basis)
Source of data Project activity site
Measurement On-site measurements.
procedures (if any): In case of dry biomass, monitoring of this parameter is not
necessary
Monitoring The moisture content of biomass of homogeneous quality shall
frequency: be determined ex ante.
The weighted average should be calculated and used in the
calculations
Any comment: The moisture content of rice husk ranged from 8.68% to
10.44%53
Data / Parameter: -
Data unit: GJ/mass or volume unit
Description: Net calorific value of biomass type k
Source of data Project activity site
53
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00908319708908904#.Vdavl27MCM8
Meeasurement Foor a) and b): Measuremennts should bee undertaken in line with
meethods and naational or inteernational fuuel standards
proocedures
Moonitoring Foor a) and b): The NCV shhould be obtaained for eacch fuel deliveery,
fre
equency froom whichweeighted averaage annual vaalues should be calculateed
Foor c): Revieww appropriateeness of the values
v annuaally
Foor d): Any future
fu revisioon of the IPC
CC Guidelin nes should beb taken
intto account
QA
A/QC proce
edures Veerify if the values under a),
a b) and c) are within thhe uncertaintty range
off the IPCC deefault values as providedd in Table 1.2
2, Vol. 2 of thhe 2006
IP
PCC Guidelinnes. If the vaalues fall bellow this rangge collect addditional
information from
fr the testing laborattory to justiify the outcome or
coonduct additional measuurements. Th he laboratorries in a), b)
b or c)
shhould have ISO17025 acccreditation or o justify that they can comply
wiith similar quuality standaards.
Pu
urpose of daata Ca alculation of
o project em missions
Ad
dditional com
mment
Da
ata / Parameter EFCO2j,y
Un
nit tC
CO2/GJ
De
escription W
Weighted averrage CO2 em
mission factoor of fuel typee i in year y
Version 04
4.0 Page 101 of 140
CDM
M-SSC-PoA--DD-FORM
M
So
ource of datta
Meeasurement Foor a) and b): Measuremennts should bee undertakenn in line with
meethods and naational or international fuuel standardss
proocedures
Moonitoring Foor a) and b): The NCV shhould be obtaained for eacch fuel deliveery,
fre
equency froom which weighted averrage annual values
v shouldd be calculateed
Foor c): Review
w appropriateeness of the values
v annuaally
Foor d): Any future
f revisioon of the IPCC Guidelin nes should beb taken
innto account
Pu
urpose of daata Calculation ofo project em missions
Ad
dditional com
mment
Da
ata / Parameter ASOC,i
S
Un
nit ha
a
De
escription Area of land stratum i
Soource of datta Measuremen
M nt by projectt participantts
Meeasurement Sttandard lan
nd area me easurementt methods applicable in the
proocedures (iff any): ho
ost party
Moonitoring Annual
fre
equency
QAA/QC proce edures Check that standard land are ea measurement m
methods
pplicable in the host pa
ap arty countryy are used
Ad
dditional com
mment
Da
ata / Parameter qN,y
N
Un
nit tN
N/ha
De
escription Rate of nitrog
gen applied
d, in year y
So
ource of datta Laand manag gement reco ords mainta
ained by project particcipants
annd fertiliserr compositio
on informa
ation from supplier,
s sttudy or
independent laboratory.. Alternativeely, the default conse
ervative
vaalue of 0.200 t N/ha per year may be
b used
Version 04
4.0 Page 102 of 140
CDM-SSC-PoA-DD-FORM
Measurement
procedures (if any):
Monitoring Cross-check records of applied quantities with purchase
frequency receipts and inventory
QA/QC procedures Check that standard land area measurement methods
applicable in the host party country are used
Additional comment Nitrogen applied through the following methods shall be added
up to arrive at this value: (i) synthetic fertilisers; (ii) organic
manure; (iii) return of the residues or cover crops
Data / Parameter bi
Unit t dry matter/ha
Description Fuel biomass consumption per hectare in stratum i of land
subjected to fire
Source of data Measurement by project participants. Alternatively, the default
‘average above-ground biomass content in forest’ values from
Table 3A.1.4 of the Good Practice Guidance for Land Use,
Land-Use Change and Forestry (IPCC-GPG-LULUCF 2003
Measurement Measurement may be carried out through sample plots
procedures (if any):
Monitoring Annual
frequency
QA/QC procedures If sample plots are used, the estimated mean value should not
have an uncertainty of greater than 10 per cent at 90 per cent
confidence level
Data / Parameter Ri
Unit Dimensionless
Description Root-shoot ratio (i.e. ratio of below-ground biomass to above-
ground biomass) for stratum i of land subjected to fire
Source of data Measurement by project participants. Alternatively, the default
values from Table 4.4 of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
GHG Inventories may be used
Measurement Measurement may be carried out through sample plots
procedures (if any):
Monitoring Annual
frequency
QA/QC procedures If sample plots are used, the estimated mean value should not
have an uncertainty of greater than 10 per cent at 90 per cent
confidence level
Additional comment
Monitored data
The parameter EG facility,y and the parameters related to project emission due to fossil fuel
consumption and cultivation of biomass in a dedicated plantation as mentioned in Section B.7.1
above will be measured during monitoring period.
Monitoring organization
The structure of the monitoring group is as follows:
Nexus
CPA implementer
QA/QC procedures
The recorded electricity generation value will be cross-checked with the sale invoices to the
users. Power meter which will be maintained and calibrated according to the national
standards or manufacturer’s suggestion.
In case of any data missing, the Gasification unit manager will seek CPA implementer for
guidance. The missing period will be conservatively estimated base on other available data.
Training
Before the start of the crediting period, the CME will in close collaboration with the CPA
implementer develop a training manual that will clearly lay out rules and procedures for all activities
related to data recording, archiving
Diesel
Rice husk
Syngas
Figure 14: Baseline and project scenarios
54
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk,
Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in
http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
The proposed CPA is a Type I project, as it is involved generation of mechanical and electrical
energy using renewable energy. This fundamental objective of the CPA shall remain consistent
throughout the crediting period of the CPA. Thus, the proposed CPA will be a Type I activity for its
entire crediting period.
The physical, geographical site of the renewable energy (electricity and mechanical energy)
generating unit and the equipment that uses the generated renewable energydelineates the CPA
boundary as in the figure below. The generation units present in the proposed CPA are all located
in Cambodia therefore they are within the boundary of the PoA. This is depicted in the diagrams
below.
55
Please find detail in Section B.6 the leakage assessment.
Biomass Biomass
Syngas
Biomass Storage
Diesel
Mechanical Electrical
Gasification units energy energy
Monitor
parameter
Filters Engine/Generator
CO2 emission
Diesel
56
For definition of SUZ refer to the “Methodological tool: Demonstrating additionality of microscale project activity”,
version 06.0, EB83 Annex 12
.
57
Energy sector in Cambodia https://www. eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/3115.pdf
The CME shall check the date of the placement User details (i.e. name, address)
of the first work order with respect to the Yes
Conditions to check the start date
installation of any mitigation measure in the CPA, /No/
(d) of the CPA through documentary
which shall be after 30/09/201359 and earlier than NA
evidence;
the end date of the PoA (28 years from the date
of registration).
Conditions that ensure compliance Contract or MOU between CPA Implementer
with applicability and other Each CPA shall satisfy the applicability criteria of and Nexus that appoint Nexus as the CME. Yes
(e)
requirements of single or multiple its specific CPA Case /No/
methodologies applied by CPAs; NA
The conditions that ensure that Total capacity of mitigation measure in any Individual project system/unit is identifiable
CPAs meet the requirements CPA will be less than 5 MW. by: Yes/
(f) No/
pertaining to the demonstration of All mitigation measure will be located in
additionality Cambodia. NA
58
The WBG Series use Firewood, Wood Waste, Branches/ twigs or Coconut Shells; the FBG Series use Rice Husk, Threshed Mustard Stalks, Soya and the COMBO Series can work
on any of the above fuels. Please find detail in http://www.ankurscientific.com/range.htm
59
Start date of the PoA is 30/09/2013 http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/PriorCDM/notifications/index_html
Debundling check carried out in line with the Testing report to be provided before verification
latest approved version of the “Methodological period. Yes
tool: Assessment of debundling for small-scale /No/
project activities” (version 04.0 EB 83, Annex 13 NA
or the latest applicable version at time of
inclusion). CME will check whether:
1. For the purposes of registration of a
Programme of Activities (PoA), a proposed
small-scale CPA of a PoA shall be deemed to
be a de-bundled component of a large scale
activity if there is already an activity, which
satisfies both conditions (a) and (b) below:
Where applicable, the requirements (a) Has the same activity implementer as the
for the debundling check, in case proposed small scale CPA or has a coordinating
(l) or managing entity, which also manages a large
CPAs belong to small-scale (SSC)
or micro-scale project categories. scale PoA of the same technology/measure, and;
(b) The boundary is within 1 km of the boundary
of the proposed small-scale CPA, at the closest
point.
2. If a proposed small-scale CPA of a PoA
is deemed to be a debundled component in
accordance with paragraph 2 above, but the total
size of such a CPA combined with a registered
small-scale CPA of a PoA or a registered CDM
project activity does not exceed the limits for
small-scale CDM and small-scale A/R project
activities as set out in Annex II of the decision
4/CMP.1 8 and 5/CMP.1 respectively, the CPA of
a PoA can qualify to use simplified modalities
60
National/regional grid.
61
Not connected to a national/regional grid.
62
Physically distinct units are those that are capable of generating electricity without the operation of existing units, and that do not directly affect the mechanical, thermal, or electrical
characteristics of the existing facility. For example, the replacement of the nacelle assembly or blades of a wind battery charger would not be considered “physically distinct”.
63
Available on <http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/SSCmethodologies/approved.html>.
Where:
Project Emission
Project emissions consist of:
CO2 emissions from consumption of electricity not generated from the project activity (if
applicable).
∑ ,, 0.8439 0.0032 ,,
Where:
,, : Quantity of diesel consumption in unit i in year y (l)
0.8439 Default value for diesel density65 (kg/l)
0.0032 Default value for the CO2 emission factor of diesel (t CO2/kg diesel)
,, : Project emissions due to electricity consumption in year y (t CO2).
This parameter shall be calculated as per the latest version of the
“Tool to calculate baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from
electricity consumption”
: Project emissions in year y (t CO2)
Leakage
General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities shall be followed to quantify leakages
pertaining to the use of biomass residues. According to the “General guidance on leakage in
biomass project activities”66 the following leakage need to be considered:
65
International Energy Agency and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development. 2004. Energy statistic
manual.
In case of the CPA-[INSERT NUMBER], the used biomass in these units is biomass residues (rice
husk) therefore only leakage for “Competing use of biomass” needs to be considered.
The project participant shall evaluate ex ante if there is a surplus of the biomass in the region of
the project activity, which is not utilised. If it is demonstrated (e.g., using published literature, official
reports, surveys etc.) at the beginning of each crediting period that the quantity of available
biomass in the region (e.g., 50 km radius),is at least 25% larger than the quantity of biomass that is
utilised including the project activity, then this source of leakage can be neglected otherwise this
leakage shall be estimated and deducted from the emission reductions.
For unit(s) under AMS I.A
Baseline emissions
The baseline emissions (BEy) are calculated according to the AMS I.A as follows:
BE CO 2 , y E BL , y * EF CO 2
Where:
66
“General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
E BL , y n
i i * EC i, y 1 l (2)
Where:
EBL,y Annual energy baseline; kWh
i
The sum over the group of i renewable energy technologies (e.g. renewable energy
technologies for households, rural health centres, rural schools, grain milling, water
pumping, irrigation, etc.) implemented as part of the project activity
ni Number of consumers supplied by installations of the renewable energy technology
belonging to the group of i renewable energy technologies during the year
ECi,y Average annual individual energy consumption observed in closest grid electricity
systems among rural grid connected consumers belonging to the same group of i
renewable energy technologies. If energy consumption is metered, ECi,y is the average
energy consumed 68 by consumers belonging to the group of i renewable energy
technologies; kWh
l Average technical distribution losses that would have been observed in diesel powered
mini-grids installed by public programmes or distribution companies in isolated areas,
expressed as a fraction69
Project Emission
For most renewable energy project activities, PEy = 0. However, for the following categories of
project activities, project emissions have to be considered following the procedure described in the
most recent version of ACM0002 “Consolidated baseline methodology for grid-connected electricity
generation from renewable sources”.
67
Renewable energy lighting applications shall consider the equivalent level of lighting service instead of energy (See
annex 1 of EB 08).
68
Potential oversizing of the power capacity installed or energy generated by the CDM project activity shall not be
reflected in the baseline and emissions reduction calculation. For this reason, the energy value taken into account
shall be the energy consumed. It cannot be the electricity output, except if the project participant justifies that it
represents a reasonable estimate of the energy that would have been generated by a diesel generator larger than
35 kW and operating with a load factor of at least 50% to provide similar electricity services.
69
A reasonable default value for distribution losses on low voltage rural distribution grid could be 20%. Project
proponents shall demonstrate in the PDD that in the absence of the project activity electricity supply would have
entailed distribution losses e.g. users are in distributed locations, else a value of L=0 shall be used.
Leakage
70
“General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
In case of the proposed CPA, the used biomass in these units is biomass residues therefore only
leakage for “Competing use of biomass” needs to be considered.
The project participant shall evaluate ex ante if there is a surplus of the biomass in the region of
the project activity, which is not utilised. If it is demonstrated (e.g., using published literature, official
reports, surveys etc.) at the beginning of each crediting period that the quantity of available
biomass in the region (e.g., 50 km radius),is at least 25% larger than the quantity of biomass that is
utilised including the project activity, then this source of leakage can be neglected otherwise this
leakage shall be estimated and deducted from the emission reductions.
Emission reduction
ERy = BEy – PEy – LEy
In which:
ERy : Emission reduction
BEy : Baseline Emission
PEy : Project Emission
LEy : Leakage Emission
Data / Parameter N
Unit
Description Total number of units in the proposed CPA
Source of data CME Database
Value(s) applied [INSERT NUMBER]
Choice of data Determined before the CPA inclusion.
or
Measurement
methods and
procedures
Purpose of data For calculating the baseline emission and project emission
Additional comment
Project Emission
Project emissions consist of:
CO2 emissions from consumption of electricity not generated from the project activity (if
applicable).
∑ ,, 0.8439 0.0032 ,,
Where:
,, : Quantity of diesel consumption in unit i = [INSERT
in year y (l) NUMBER]
Default value for diesel density71 (kg/l) = 0.8439
Default value for the CO2 emission = 0.0032
factor of diesel (t CO2/kg diesel)
,, : Project emissions due to electricity = 0
consumption in year y (t CO2). This
parameter shall be calculated as per
the latest version of the “Tool to
calculate baseline, project and/or
leakage emissions from electricity
consumption”
N : Number of units = [INSERT
NUMBER]
: Project emissions in year y = [INSERT
(t CO2/year) NUMBER]
71
International Energy Agency and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and development. 2004. Energy statistic
manual.
Leakage
The project equipment will be newly purchased and the rice husk used for the gasification
unit will be from the project’s mills so the leakage emission for transferred equipment is
zero.
“Competing use of biomass” leakage:
The expected rice production for each rice mill is [INSERT NUMBER] tons/year72, with the
residual production rate of 0.27 73 , the generated rice husk per year at the rice mill is
[INSERT NUMBER] tons/year
According to the technical specification of equipment, the maximum biomass consumption74
is [INSERT NUMBER] kg/h, provided that the operation hour is [INSERT NUMBER]
h/year75, the maximum rice husk consumption per year is [INSERT NUMBER] tons rice
husk.
Therefore the rice husk consumption is only [INSERT NUMBER] %. In other word, the generated
rice husk only from the rice mill (not including other rice husk sources in surrounding area) is
[INSERT NUMBER] % larger than the quantity of biomass that is utilized by the project activity,
then this source of leakage can be neglected according to the “General guidance on leakage in
biomass project activities”, Version 3, EB47 Annex 28
For unit(s) under AMS I.A
Baseline emissions
The baseline emissions (BEy) are calculated according to the AMS I.A as follows:
BE CO 2 , y E BL , y * EF CO 2
Where:
Project Emission
According to the section above, PEy = PEFC,j,y:
= [INSERT NUMBER]
Leakage
The project equipment will be newly purchased and the rice husk used for the gasification
unit will be from the project’s mills so the leakage emission for transferred equipment is
zero.
“Competing use of biomass” leakage:
72
Source [ZZZ]
73
Theoretical bioenergy residue potential in Cambodia and Laos
74
Source [ZZZ]
75
Source [ZZZ]
B.7. Application of the monitoring methodology and description of the monitoring plan
Data / Parameter: Hi
Data unit: Hour
Description: Operation time of engine in unit i
Source of data: Project site
Value(s) applied
[INSERT NUMBER]
Measurement
Estimating the average annual hours of operation of an average
methods and
system, if necessary using survey methods. Annual hours of
procedures
operation can be estimated from total output (e.g. tonnes of grain
dried) and output per hour if an accurate value of output per hour is
available
Monitoring Recording annually the number of project systems operating,
frequency:
QA/QC procedures: The result could be cross check with the sales invoices.
Purpose of data Calculation of baseline emissions;
Any comment: -
Data / Parameter: -
Data unit: %
Description: Moisture content of the biomass residues (wet basis)
Source of data: On-site measurements
Measurement The project continues to use same type of biomass during the rest of
procedures (if any): the crediting period so the ex-ante value is used during the crediting
period. The moisture content of rice husk ranged from 8.68% to
10.44%76. For conservative the highest value 10.44% is applied for this
specific CPA.
76
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00908319708908904#.Vdavl27MCM8
QA/QC procedures: -
Purpose of data For adjusting the quantity of dry biomass
Any comment: This parameter is applicable if biomass residues are consumed in the
project equipment
Monitored data
For unit(s) under AMS I.B
The average of Hi and FCdiesel,i,y , quantity of biomass with its NCV and moisture content will be
measured during monitoring period.
Monitoring organization
The structure of the monitoring group is as follows:
Nexus
CPA implementer
QA/QC procedures
The recorded electricity generation value will be cross-checked with the sale invoices to the
users. Power meter which will be maintained and calibrated according to the national
standards or manufacturer’s suggestion.
The diesel and each type of biomass fuel consumption should also be cross-checked with
available purchase invoices from the financial records
In case of any data missing, the Gasification unit manager will seek CPA implementer for
guidance. The missing period will be conservatively estimated base on other available data.
Training
Before the start of the crediting period, the CME will in close collaboration with the CPA
implementer develop a training manual that will clearly lay out rules and procedures for all
activities related to data recording, archiving
CME
CME and/or responsible Responsible person/ entity for application of the selected
person/ entity methodology(ies) and, where applicable, the selected
standardized baseline(s) to the PoA
Organization Nexus Carbon for Development Ltd
Street/P.O. Box #33 Sothearos boulevard,
P.O. Box 956
Building
City Phnom Penh
State/Region
Postcode
Country Cambodia
Telephone +855 23 990 591
Fax
E-mail contact@nexusfordevelopment.org
Website www.nexusfordevelopment.org
The proposed PoA receives public funding from KfW (Germany) for the PoA development (CDM
documents preparation and validation). However, KfW is not involved as the project participants to
the PoA. The affirmation regarding public funding are provided to DOE for confirmation.
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