EMBRYOLOGY LABORATORY 7mm

Whole Mount SPINAL CORD LEVEL

Exercise 4.2 - Neural Tube → Brain: Pronephros & Midgut Section
 Prosencephalon - Rhombencephalon → Spinal Cord
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FROG EMBRYO  Telencephalon - Notochord
 Diencephalon - Somites
 Mesencephalon - Pronephric Tubules
 Rhombencephalon - Dorsal aorta
OUTLINE - Adhesive Gland - Glomus
4mm - Olfactory Organ - Nephrostomes
- Optic Vesicles - Midgut
Whole Mount Cloaca Section
- Pharynx - Otic Vesicle
- Neural Tube → Brain:  Post. Thyroid - Spinal Cord
- Heart
 Prosencephalon  Post. Pharyngeal pouch - Somite
- Intestine
 Mesencephalon - Ant. Otic Placode - Notochord
- Spinal cord
 Rhombencephalon  Post. Otic Vesicle - Dorsal aorta
- Melanocytes
- Otic Capsule  Post. Otic Lens - External Gills - Pronephric Duct
- Eye - Adhesive Gland - Anus - Yolk endoderm
- Adhesive Glands - Post. Pericardial cavity - Tail Fin - Peritoneal cavity
- Pharynx - Post. Oropharyngeal - Coelom
Transverse Section
- Heart Region membrane - Hypomere
TELENCEPHALON & OLFACTORY PIT LEVEL
- Somites Embryonic Heart Section - Hindgut
- Telencephalon
- Liver Diverticulum - Rhombencephalon - Post. Proctodeum
 Prosocoel
- Spinal Cord - Somite - Post. Dorsal fin
- Head Mesenchyme
- Notochord - Notochord - Post. Ventral fin
- Olfactory Placode
- Yolky Endoderm - Pharynx (Dorsal)  Olfactory Pit
- Hindgut - Heart - Epiphysis
- Tail  Endocardium
DIENCEPHALON & OTIC CUPS LEVEL
Transverse Section  Epimyocardium - Diencephalon
PROSENCEPHALON & NASAL RUDIMENTS LEVEL - Pericardium - Mesencephalon
- Prosencephalon (Forebrain) - Mesocardium
- Optic Cup
 Prosocoel - Pericardial cavity
 Lens Vesicle
- Mesenchyme Liver Diverticulum Section
 Pigmented Layer
 Head Mesenchyme - Spinal Cord - Infundibulum
- Olfactory Placode - Somite - Pharynx
- Epidermis - Notochord
- Mandibular Arch
MESENCEPHALON & OTIC CUPS LEVEL - Pronephric Tubules - Adhesive Glands
- Mesencephalon (Midbrain) - Pharynx - Stomodeum
 Mesocoel - Liver diverticulum
RHOMBENCEPHALON LEVEL
- Prosencephalon Pronephros & Midgut Section
Thyroid Section
- Oral Cavity - Spinal Cord
- Rhombencephalon (Hindbrain)
- Oral Plate (Oropharyngeal Membrane) - Notochord
 Rhombocoel
- Optic Vesicle  Subnotochordal rod
- Mesencephalon
 Optic Cup - Somites
- Cranial Nerve Ganglion
 Optic Stalk - Pronephric Duct
- Pharynx
- Lens Vesicle - Dorsal aorta
 Thyroid
- Lymph space - Midgut
Otic Vesicle Section
- Stomodeum - Yolky Endoderm
- Rhombencephalon
- Hypophysis Hindgut Section
- Notochord
- Infundibulum - Spinal Cord
- Pharynx
- Mandibular Arch - Somite
- Pericardial coelom
- Adhesive Glands (Cement Glands / Mucus Glands / - Notochord
 Truncus arteriosus
Oral Suckers) - Subnotochordal rod
 Bulbus cordis
RHOMBENCEPHALON LEVEL - Somites
- Otic Capsules
Pharynx Section - Pronephric Duct
Heart Section
- Rhombencephalon (Hindbrain) - Coelom
- Rhombencephalon
- Hypomere
 Rhombocoeel - Notochord
- Ant. Choroid Plexus - Hindgut
- Pharynx
- Notochord - Post. Proctodeum
- External gills
- Trigeminal Nerve - Post. Dorsal fin
- Esophageal plug
- Mandibular Arch - Post. Ventral fin
- Atrium

©NexCab, JoFred, et. al (pictures). 2017

10mm Structure Location Formed by Fate
Whole Mount MYELENCEPHALON & AUDITORY VESICLE LEVEL
Epidermis Outermost skin layer Ectoderm
- Neural Tube → Brain: - Myelencephalon
 Prosencephalon - Auditory Vesicle between head ectoderm Mid-dorsal Evagination
Epiphysis Pineal body
 Telencephalon  Endolymphatic duct and brain of the brain vesicle
 Diencephalon  Uticulus Anterior of embryonic Telencephalon
 Semicircular canals Prosencephalon
 Mesencephalon brain Diencephalon
 Rhombencephalon  sacculus Telencephalon Anterior of Forebrain Cavity: lateral ventricle
 Metencephalon - auditory capsule
at the anterior end of Evagination of the side of
 Myelencephalon - auditory ganglion lateral ventricle
the neurocoel the neural tube
- Adhesive Gland - notochord
- parachords Adjacent to the
- Eye Mantle layer Gray matter of CNS
- Heart ependymal layer
- Heart
 Pericardial Cavity Marginal layer Outermost brain layer White matter of CNS
- Intestine
- Spinal cord  Conus Arteriosus at the region of the
INvagination of the
- Melanocytes  Ventricle Nasal Organ telencephalon and lying
 Atrium
ectoderm
- External Gills ventrolateral to it
- Anus  Sinus venosus Jacobson’s organ Evagination of the nasal
- Tail Fin - Opercular cavity (vomeronasal region) organ
- Dorsal Aorta
Transverse Section Beneath the
- Aortic Arches Prechordal cartilage chondocranium
TELENCEPHALON OLFACTORY ORGANS LEVEL telencephalon
- Ganglia
- Telencephalon
 Facial Ganglion (VII) Diencephalon Posterior of forebrain
 Lateral Vesicle
 Trigeminal Ganglion (V) region of the Evagination of the
- Layers of Brain wall
 Glossopharyngeal ganglion (IX)
 Ependymal Layer diencephalon to the diencephalic roof
- Operculum Frontal Organ
 Mantle Layer region of the together with the
- Metencephalon
 Marginal Layer telencephalon epiphysis
- Nasal Organ PRONEPHROS & THE FIRST SPINAL GANGLION LEVEL
On the floor of the Develops as a depression
- Nasal Cavity - Spinal posterior portion of the
Infundibulum prosencephalon in the floor of the
 External Naris - Neural Canal pituitary gland
- Gray Matter (diencephalon) prosecephalon
 Intertal Naris
- White Matter Ventral to the inward growing cord of
 Frontal Organ Hypophysis anterior portion of
- Meninges infundibulum; b/n oral & ectoderm from
 Jacobson’s Organ (rathke’s pocket) pituitary gland
 Buccal Cavity - First Spinal Ganglia brain cavity stomodeum
- Prechordal Cartilage - Myotomes Mid region of brain;
Mesencephalon
- Melanocytes - Pleroperitinial cavity posterior to eye
- Mesenchyme - Esophagus Lateral to floor of the Part of the peripheral
- Dorsal Aorta cranial nerve ganglion Fr. Neural Crest cells
- Epidermis mesencephalon nervous system
DIENCEPHALON & THE EYE LEVEL - Pronephros
Metencephalon
- Diencephalon - Pronephric Tubules
Myelencephalon
- Infundibulum - Posterior Cardinal Veins Rhombencephalon Most caudal
- NEphrostome
Anterior expansion: IV
- Mesencephalon ventricle
- Pituitary body (hypophysis) - Nephric Duct
- Glomus behind the optic lobes
- Eye
- Stomach Metencephalon and medial to the V
 Optic Cup
- Duodenum ganglion
 Retina
 Ganglion Layer
- Intestine Most posterior part of
- Liver
Myelencephalon
 Bipolar Layer hindbrain
- Gallbladder Fr. posterior region of
 Rods and Cones Spinal cord
- Bile Duct neural tube
 Pigmented Eithelium
- Pancreas
 Iris b/n organs and Loose reticulum:
 Lens Mesenchyme outermost cells →
epidermis
 Lens Epithelium dermis;
mesoderm and neural
 Lens Fibers Connective tissues;
b/n the presumptive crest cells
 Cornea Epithelial tissues;
Head Mesenchyme epidermis) and the walls
 Choroid and Sclera Muscular tissues;
- Pharynx
of prosencephalon
Nervous tissues
- Hypobranchial Cartilages either side of the Paired pigment
- Thyroid
Olfactory Placodes prosocoel in the head INvagination on either Evaginate: Olfactory Pits
- Skeletal Muscle
mesenchyme side of the prosocoel
- Oral Suckers

©NexCab, JoFred, et. al (pictures). 2017


lateral to ventral portion
Olfactory Pits
of prosencephalon
Otic Placode Closed chamber in the
Level of
Otic Lens Rhombencephalon
Otic vesicle on each side of hind
(hallow organ) brain
Otic capsules Laterally located and Paired INvagination of of
(auditory vesicle) ventral to brain;
Optic vesicles
INvagination of the distal
Optic cups Lateral to infundibulum
Thick inner layer of optic
Retina
cups
Outer walls of the optic
Pigmented epithelium
cup
anterior to the olfactory
Lens Placodes
pits
Lens Vesicle Left side of Optic Cups
Enclosed by the optic Thickenings of inner wall
Lens
cup
Assembly of ectodermal
Superficial covering of
Cornea
the eye
Ventral to the CNS;
Notochord dorsal to the gut
on each side of the
Somites
notochord subdivided into segments
Deep INvagination of the
antero-ventral region of
Stomodeum antero-ventral ectoderm
the head
Oropharyngeal in contact with anterior
Membrane / oral plate wall of the foregut
Suckers / adhesive Ventrolateral to oral
glands region; ventral
At the cranial end of the
Oral Cavity
alimentary canal
Region where the nasal
Buccal Cavity
cavity & mouth opens
Pharynx Foregut
at the floor of the
Thyroid pharynx; beneath the endodermal cells at the
hypobranchial cartilages
Evagination of Olfactory caudal border of
nasal passages with
Placodes Most cranial branchial stomodeum; maxillary
olfactory receptors Mandibular Arch Pharynx
fr. ECTODERM arch process cranial to
stomodeum;
ECTODERM Evaginate: Otic lens
Ventral chamber of the Lower vert. : lagena
Sacculus
auditory vesicle Higher vert. : cochlea
Evagination of otic Surrounding the
placodes Auditory capsule Cartilaginous ear
auditory vesicle
Protrude from each side Fr. Branchial arches 3 to
External Gills Replaced by internal gills
Inner Ear of the head 6
otic placode Beneath the floor of the
Evagination from the Optic cups → foregut; Below the Organization of Loose
Heart
lateral wall of ectodermal parts of eye pharynx; in pericardial Mesodermal Cells
prosencephalon (except lens & cornea) coelom
Inner layer – retina; migration of heart
portion of the optic Outer layer – Pigmented midventral region of the mesoderm to midventral
Pericardium
vesicle layer pericardial cavity region of the pericardial
Ganglion Layer cavity
Mesenchymal cells
Bipolar Neurons Layer
organize into a
Rods and Cones Endocardium Inner layer of the heart Lining of heart wall
continuous endothelial
Fr. Medial half of the
Iris lining of the heart
optic vesicle
Epimyocardium Outer layer of the heart Muscle
Thickening of the head
Evaginate: Lens Vesicle Beneath the pharynx;
ectoderm
Truncus Arteriosus most anterior portion of
Evagination of Lens the heart
Eye lens
Placodes
Bulbus Cordis Anterior heart chamber
Paired bulges below Pronephric Tubules
of lens vesicle
Mesomeres horizontal level of (pronephros, pronephric
notochord kidney)
and mesodermal cells Lateral side of the Degenerates:
Pronephros
b/n ectoderm and lens specimen Mesonephric Kidney
Ventral to the dorsal
Chordamesoderm Disappears Glomus
aorta
Sclerotome → axial Deep groove in the floor
Liver diverticulum Liver
Dorsal Mesoderm skeleton of the pharynx
Posterior of the
Myotome → muscle Spinal cord
Dermatome → dermis hindbrain
Subnotochordal rod b/n notochord & midgut disappears
Midgut Middle part of the gut Fr. Archenterons Small intestine
of the head
Ectodermal INvagination
Rupture: Mouth Proctodeum At the base of the tail that meets with the Break: Anus
endoderm of the hindgut
Paired Ectodermal
Cloacal membrane Perforated: posterior
thickenings b/n the proctodeum &
(ectodermal & opening of the digestive
hindgut
Evagination of the endodermal plate) tract
foregut cloaca, colon, small
intestine & rectum
from stomodeum Posteriormost region of
Hindgut dorsal wall → post anal
the embryonic gut
Mandibular Arch gut (disappears)
amp. Urinary bladder
Evagination of
Dorsal midline of the Extension of the body
Dorsal fin Degenerates
trunk & tail wall
floor of the pharynx
©NexCab, JoFred, et. al (pictures). 2017